New Book Examines Personalized and Precision Medicine
Personalized and precision medicine (PPM) — targeting therapies by taking into account factors such as individuals' genetic, environmental, and lifestyle characteristics — is an increasingly important approach to treatment and prevention of illness. Its rise presents challenges to traditional clinical, reimbursement, and regulatory landscapes because it is costly to develop and introduces a wide range of scientific, clinical, ethical, and economic issues. How will information on accuracy of diagnosis and success of treatment be disseminated? Who will bear the cost? Will benefits be available only in developed countries?
Economic Dimensions of Personalized and Precision Medicine, an NBER Conference Report edited by Ernst R. Berndt, Dana P. Goldman, and John W. Rowe, explores the intersection of scientific, clinical, and economic factors affecting development of PPM, including its effects on the drug pipeline, on reimbursement of PPM diagnostics and treatments, and on funding of the underlying research. It also examines recent empirical applications of PPM.
Review of Options for Countering Climate Change
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New NBER Research
10 May 2019
How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor
Automation of production tasks displaces labor, while the creation of new tasks from technological and product market innovation reinstates it, according to Daron Acemoglu and Pascual Restrepo. They suggest that that slower employment growth over the last three decades was due to faster displacement, weaker reinstatement, and slower productivity growth.
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9 May 2019
Inexpensive Heating Reduces Winter Mortality
Analyzing cross-state and over-time variation in the cost of heating in the U.S., Janjala Chirakijja, Seema Jayachandran, and Pinchuan Ong find that lower heating prices reduce winter mortality, mostly from cardiovascular and respiratory causes.
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8 May 2019
Improving Educational Pathways to Social Mobility
A nationwide high school reform in 1994 in Norway that sought to improve the vocational track increased male completion of the vocational curriculum and led to reduced criminal activity and higher earnings in adulthood, especially among disadvantaged men, Marianne Bertrand, Magne Mogstad, and Jack Mountjoy find.
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NBER in the News
Swedroe: Post WWII US Returns' Changing Nature
ETF
May 8, 2019
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A New Way to Think About Momentum Investing
The Wall Street Journal
May 6, 2019
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The extraordinary effect canceling student debt has on people's income and credit worthiness
MarketWatch
May 6, 2019
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Study: Boston Charter Schools Successfully Scale Up
Free Beacon
May 6, 2019
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Chinese Government Officials Give US Counterparts Lessons In Strategy
Forbes
May 6, 2019
Read the Research here or a non-technical summary and here or a non-technical summary
ETF
May 8, 2019
Read the Research
A New Way to Think About Momentum Investing
The Wall Street Journal
May 6, 2019
Read the Research
The extraordinary effect canceling student debt has on people's income and credit worthiness
MarketWatch
May 6, 2019
Read the Research
Study: Boston Charter Schools Successfully Scale Up
Free Beacon
May 6, 2019
Read the Research
Chinese Government Officials Give US Counterparts Lessons In Strategy
Forbes
May 6, 2019
Read the Research here or a non-technical summary and here or a non-technical summary
View all news
Former IMF Research Department Chief Analyzes
2018–19 Slowdown in Global Economic Growth
Global economic growth slowed in late 2018 and early 2019. NBER Research Associate Maurice Obstfeld of the University of California, Berkeley, who served as economic counsellor and director of the Research Department of the International Monetary Fund until December 2018, examines what contributed to the slowdown and the divergence in growth trends across nations. Obstfeld delivered a keynote address on this topic at the NBER's Corporate Associates Research Symposium in April 2019.
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On the News
Trade War Impacts Rattle Markets, Hit Consumers
With tension ratcheting up in U.S.-China trade relations The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Forbes and many other national media outlets are full of reports on the trade war between the world’s biggest economies.
The impacts of the conflict have been extensively researched by NBER affiliates in studies such as:
• The Return to Protectionism
• The Impact of the 2018 Trade War on U.S. Prices and Welfare
• The Production Relocation and Price Effects of U.S. Trade Policy: The Case of Washing Machines.
A non-technical summary of trade war impact studies appears in the current edition of the NBER’s free monthly Digest.
• The Return to Protectionism
• The Impact of the 2018 Trade War on U.S. Prices and Welfare
• The Production Relocation and Price Effects of U.S. Trade Policy: The Case of Washing Machines.
A non-technical summary of trade war impact studies appears in the current edition of the NBER’s free monthly Digest.
The NBER Digest
To Auction or Negotiate Sales of Oil and Gas Rights?
Study of Texas Methods Indicates Auctions Work Better
Changes in the way oil and gas extraction leases are awarded on lands formerly owned by the Texas Permanent School Fund enable researchers to compare outcomes of leases reached through negotiation and those sold at public auction. Their findings, featured in the May edition of The NBER Digest: Auctions produce better matches and yield more to the seller.
Also featured in this issue of the free monthly Digest are studies of mineral rights sales in Texas, regional recovery rates after the Great Recession, the income streams of the rich, the decline in middle-skill jobs in urban areas, and fertility trends in the United States, and current U.S. trade policies.
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The NBER Reporter
Misconduct among Financial Advisers Widely Tolerated;
More Men than Women Are Able to Retain their Jobs
About one in 10 financial advisers who work with clients on a regular basis have a record of misconduct such as misrepresentation, unauthorized trading, and outright fraud that cost the financial industry some $500 million a year, according to researchers who write about their findings in the latest edition of the NBER Reporter. At firms with no female executives, women are 32 percentage points more likely than men to lose their jobs following misconduct. Also featured in this issue of the Reporter are articles on survey expectations, patents and innovation, and charitable-giving behaviors.
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The NBER Bulletin on Health
First Edition of Free Bulletin on Health Features Study
of Medicare Advantage Effects on the Use of Opioids
Researchers exploring the role of health insurance design in reducing prescription opioid use in the United States find that Medicare Advantage plans are structured in a way that gives them greater opportunity than stand-alone Part D plans to affect opioid prescription rates. Counties with higher Medicare Advantage enrollment have lower opioid prescription rates, particularly from high-volume prescribers. The findings are featured in the new NBER Bulletin on Health. Also featured are studies of intergenerational wounds from the Civil War and the effects of air pollution on dementia. Another new bulletin, on retirement and disability research, is coming soon.
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