Gender and Electoral Incentives: Evidence from COVID-19 Response

We thank NBER discussant Filipe Campante, as well as Samuel Berlinski, Julia Cagé, Andy Eggers, Claudio Ferraz, Johannes Fleck, Jeff Frieden, Ed Glaeser, Nathan Nunn, Nadine Riedel, Marco Tabellini, Clementine Van Effenterre, Razvan Vlaicu, Nico Voigtländer, Romain Wacziarg, Melanie Wasserman, and seminar participants at the NBER Political Economy Fall Meeting, IADB-RES, the Urban LACEA Network, the Urban Economics Association Annual Meetings, UCLA Anderson, CalTech, UWE Bristol, Early Career Urban Economics Group, CesIfo, the University of Utah, UBC’s Vancouver School of Economics, the University of Southern California, the University of California Irvine, the University of Chicago, the University of California San Diego, Stanford University, Johns Hopkins University, PERICLES and Axa research lab on Gender Equality Workshop, California Center for Population Research, CEPR WE_ARE Seminar Series, Rochester University, EAYE Conference, CREST, AMSE, Benelux PECO, HEC Montreal, and the ASSA 2025 annual meeting for their helpful comments and suggestions. We are also grateful to Stephanie Kestelman for her help and guidance in the production of the policy data, to Rafael M. Rubião and Nicolás Herrera L. for their outstanding research assistance, and to Livia Almeida, Luisa Curcio, Juliana Pinillos, Vinícius Princiotti, Haydée Svab, Julio Trecenti, and Bruna Wundervald for additional research support. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, the countries they represent, or the National Bureau of Economic Research.

• May 1, 2024
• January 22, 2025
• March 10, 2025