U. S. Labor Force Estimates and Economic Growth, 1800-1860

Thomas J. Weiss, American Economic Growth and Standards of Living before the Civil War (University of Chicago Press, 1992), chap. 1, https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/american-economic-growth-and-standards-living-civil-war/u-s-labor-force-estimates-and-economic-growth-1800-1860.