International Comparison of Physician Incomes
We compare physician incomes using tax data from the United States, Canada, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Physicians are concentrated in the top percentiles of the income distribution in all four countries, especially in the United States and certain specialties. Physician incomes are highest in the United States, and a decomposition shows that this mainly reflects differences in overall income distributions, rather than physicians’ locations in those distributions. This suggests that broader labor market differences, and thus physicians’ outside options, drive absolute incomes. Shifting US physicians’ incomes to match relative positions in other countries’ distributions would only marginally reduce healthcare spending.
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Copy CitationAidan Buehler, Joshua D. Gottlieb, Jeffrey Hicks, Lisa Laun, Mårten Palme, Maria Polyakova, Victoria Udalova, and Maria Ventura, "International Comparison of Physician Incomes," NBER Working Paper 34956 (2026), https://doi.org/10.3386/w34956.Download Citation
Published Versions
Aidan Buehler & Joshua D. Gottlieb & Jeffrey Hicks & Lisa Laun & Mårten Palme & Maria Polyakova & Victoria Udalova & Maria Ventura, 2026. "International Comparison of Physician Incomes," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 116, pages 144-149, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20261073. citation courtesy of ![]()
Aidan Buehler & Joshua D. Gottlieb & Jeffrey Hicks & Lisa Laun & Mårten Palme & Maria Polyakova & Victoria Udalova & Maria Ventura, 2026. "International Comparison of Physician Incomes," AEA Papers and Proceedings, vol 116, pages 144-149.