This paper used data from SHARE Waves 1-9. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission, DG RTD through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°21 1909, SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822, SHARE M4: GA N°261982, DASISH: GA N°283646) and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N°676536, SHARE-COHESION: GA N°870628, SERISS: GA N°654221, SSHOC: GA N°823782, SHARE-COVID19: GA N°101015924) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion through VS 2015/0195, VS 2016/0135, VS 2018/0285, VS 2019/0332, VS 2020/0313, SHARE-EUCOV: GA N°101052589 and EUCOVII: GA N°101102412. Additional funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01UW1301, 01UW1801, 01UW2202), the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the U.S. National Institute on Aging (U01 AG09740-13S2, P01 AG005842, P01 AG08291, P30 AG12815, R21 AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG BSR06-11, OGHA 04- 064, BSR12-04, R01 AG052527-02, R01 AG056329-02, R01 AG063944, HHSN271201300071C, RAG052527A) and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged (see www.share-eric.eu).
This paper is part of the National Bureau of Economic Research’s International Social Security (ISS) project. This phase of the ISS Project is supported by the Sloan Foundation (G-2019-12578), the National Institute on Aging (grants P01 AG012810 and P30-AG012810) and by the U.S. Social Security Administration through grant #5-RRC08098400-10 to the National Bureau of Economic Research as part of the SSA Retirement Research Consortium. The findings and conclusions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not represent the views of the Sloan Foundation, SSA, any agency of the Federal Government, or NBER. The authors thank the other members of the ISS Project for important methodological contributions. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Agar Brugiavini
Agar Brugiavini acknowledges funding from the Italian Ministry for Research “Age-It - Ageing well in an ageing society” project (Next Generation EU, National Recovery and Resilience Plan - PE8 - Mission 4, C2, Intervention 1.3 - PE0000015) and from the European Commission - HORIZON 2020 - SHARE-COHESION project (870628).
Guglielmo Weber
Guglielmo Weber acknowledges financial support from the European Commission through the HORIZON 2020 grant no. 870628 funding SHARE-COHESION project, and from the Italian Ministry of Universities and Research (MUR) through the Next Generation EU-funded project AGE-IT "Ageing Well in an Ageing Society" (grant PE0000015).
