Skip to main content
NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research
Subscribe
Media
Open Calls
Close
Search
Research
EXPLORE Research
Findings
Working Papers
Books & Chapters
Lectures
Research Spotlights
Periodicals
The Digest
The Reporter
The Bulletin on Retirement and Disability
The Bulletin on Health
The Bulletin on Entrepreneurship
Periodicals Archive
Data & Business Cycles
Boston Research Data Center
Business Cycle Dating
Public Use Data Archive
All Topics
COVID-19
Unemployment and Immigration
Energy
Entrepreneurship
Trade
Programs & Projects
EXPLORE Programs & Projects
Programs
Economics of Aging
Asset Pricing
Children
Corporate Finance
Development Economics
Development of the American Economy
Economic Fluctuations and Growth
Economics of Education
Environment and Energy Economics
Health Care
Health Economics
Industrial Organization
International Finance and Macroeconomics
International Trade and Investment
Labor Studies
Law and Economics
Monetary Economics
Political Economy
Productivity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship
Public Economics
Working Groups
Behavioral Finance
Chinese Economy
Cohort Studies
Economics of Crime
Entrepreneurship
Household Finance
Innovation Policy
Insurance
Market Design
Organizational Economics
Personnel Economics
Race and Stratification in the Economy
Risks of Financial Institutions
Urban Economics
All Projects & Centers
Boosting Grant Applications from Faculty at MSIs
Center for Aging and Health Research
Conference on Research in Income and Wealth
Early Indicators of Later Work Levels, Disease and Death
Economics of Digitization
Gender in the Economy
Improving Health Outcomes for an Aging Population
Macroeconomics Annual
Measuring the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Delivery Systems
Oregon Health Insurance Experiment
Retirement and Disability Research Center
The Roybal Center for Behavior Change in Health
Science of Science Funding
Training Program in Aging and Health Economics
Transportation Economics in the 21st Century
Conferences
Affiliated Scholars
NBER News
EXPLORE NBER News
Research in the News
Nobel Laureates
Featured Working Papers Archive
Career Resources
EXPLORE Career Resources
RA Positions – at NBER
RA Positions – not at the NBER
Staff Positions at NBER
Calls for Fellowship Applications
Current Fellowship Recipients
PhD Candidates in Economics
About
EXPLORE About
Leadership & Governance
Support & Funding
History
Standards of Conduct
Privacy Policy
Staff
Subscribe
Media
Open Calls
Search
Home
Research
Topics
Mathematical Tools
Mathematical Tools
Share
Twitter
LinkedIn
Email