Stock Pyramids, Cross-Ownership, and Dual Class Equity: The Mechanisms and Agency Costs of Separating Control from Cash-Flow Rights

Lucian A. Bebchuk, Reinier Kraakman, and George Triantis, Concentrated Corporate Ownership (University of Chicago Press, 2000), chap. 10, https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/concentrated-corporate-ownership/stock-pyramids-cross-ownership-and-dual-class-equity-mechanisms-and-agency-costs-separating-control.