@techreport{NBERw17176,
 title = "How Teacher Turnover Harms Student Achievement",
 author = "Matthew Ronfeldt and Hamilton Lankford and Susanna Loeb and James Wyckoff",
 institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research",
 type = "Working Paper",
 series = "Working Paper Series",
 number = "17176",
 year = "2011",
 month = "June",
 URL = "http://www.nber.org/papers/w17176",
 abstract = {Researchers and policymakers often assume that teacher turnover harms student achievement, but recent evidence calls into question this assumption. Using a unique identification strategy that employs grade-level turnover and two classes of fixed-effects models, this study estimates the effects of teacher turnover on over 600,000 New York City 4th and 5th grade student observations over 5 years. The results indicate that students in grade-levels with higher turnover score lower in both ELA and math and that this effect is particularly strong in schools with more low-performing and black students. Moreover, the results suggest that there is a disruptive effect of turnover beyond changing the composition in teacher quality.},
}