A Discrete Choice Analysis of Consumer Decisions: Nicotine Products in an Illicit Market

TOBB ETÜ researchers are grateful to Bilge Nur Mermer for providing able research assistance. We thank participants at the Turkish Economic Association (TEA) 2024 Conference, Indonesian Development Foundation (IDF) International Symposium, Workshop on the Economics of Tobacco Products in Ankara, Türkiye, the 2025 Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis annual meeting, and the 2025 Economic Research Forum (ERF) conference for their comments, questions, and suggestions. This research was supported by a grant to Cornell University and Economic Research Agenda Association from Global Action to End Smoking (formerly known as Foundation for Smoke-Free World), an independent, U.S. nonprofit 501(c)(3) grantmaking organization. Global Action (GA) played no role in designing, implementing, data analysis, or interpretation of the research results, nor did GA edit or approve any presentations or publications from the study. The contents, selection, and presentation of facts, as well as any opinions expressed, are the sole responsibility of the authors and should not be regarded as reflecting the positions of Global Action. Through September 2023, GA received charitable gifts from PMI Global Services Inc. (PMI), which manufactures cigarettes and other tobacco products. To complement the termination of its agreement with PMI, GA’s Board of Directors established a new policy to not accept or seek any tobacco or non-medicinal nicotine industry funding. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research