TY - JOUR AU - Philippon,Thomas AU - Schnabl,Philipp TI - Efficient Recapitalization JF - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series VL - No. 14929 PY - 2009 Y2 - April 2009 UR - http://www.nber.org/papers/w14929 L1 - http://www.nber.org/papers/w14929.pdf N1 - Author contact info: Thomas Philippon New York University Stern School of Business 44 West 4th Street, Suite 9-190 New York, NY 10012-1126 Tel: 212/998-0490 Fax: 212/995-4233 E-Mail: tphilipp@stern.nyu.edu Philipp Schnabl Leonard N. Stern School of Business Kaufman Management Center 44 West 4th Street, Room 9-76 New York, NY 10012 E-Mail: schnabl@stern.nyu.edu AB - We analyze government interventions to recapitalize a banking sector that restricts lending to firms because of debt overhang. We find that the efficient recapitalization program injects capital against preferred stock plus warrants and conditions implementation on sufficient bank participation. Preferred stock plus warrants reduces opportunistic participation by banks that do not require recapitalization, while conditional implementation limits free riding by banks that benefit from lower credit risk because of other banks' participation. Efficient recapitalization is profitable if the benefits of lower aggregate credit risk exceed the cost of implicit transfers to bank debt holders. ER -