TY - JOUR AU - Diebold,Francis X. AU - Gunther,Todd A. AU - Tay,Anthony S. TI - Evaluating Density Forecasts JF - National Bureau of Economic Research Technical Working Paper Series VL - No. 215 PY - 1997 Y2 - October 1997 UR - http://www.nber.org/papers/t0215 L1 - http://www.nber.org/papers/t0215.pdf N1 - Author contact info: Francis X. Diebold Department of Economics University of Pennsylvania 3718 Locust Walk Philadelphia, PA 19104-6297 Tel: 215/898-1507 Fax: 212/573-4217 E-Mail: fdiebold@sas.upenn.edu AB - We propose methods for evaluating density forecasts. We focus primarily on methods" that are applicable regardless of the particular user's loss function. We illustrate the methods" with a detailed simulation example, and then we present an application to density forecasting of" daily stock market returns. We discuss extensions for improving suboptimal density forecasts multi-step-ahead density forecast evaluation, multivariate density forecast evaluation for structural change and its relationship to density forecasting, and density forecast evaluation" with known loss function. ER -