TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goolsbee,Austan
TI  - In a World Without Borders:  The Impact of Taxes on Internet Commerce
JF  - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series
VL  - No. 6863
PY  - 1998
Y2  - December 1998
UR  - http://www.nber.org/papers/w6863
L1  - http://www.nber.org/papers/w6863.pdf
N1  - Author contact info:
Austan Goolsbee
Booth School of Business
University of Chicago
5807 S. Woodlawn Avenue
Chicago, IL 60637
Tel: 773/702-5869
Fax: 773/702-0458
E-Mail: goolsbee@chicagobooth.edu
M2  - featured in NBER digest on 1999-05-01
AB  - The rapid rise in sales over the Internet has generated debate over the taxation of such transactions since the buyers usually pay no sales tax.  This paper uses new data on the purchase decisions of approximately 25,000 online users to examine the effects that local sales taxes have on Internet commerce.  The results show that, controlling for many observable characteristics, people who live in locations with high sales taxes are significantly more likely to buy things over the Internet.  The estimated tax responsiveness of both participation and spending are large and resemble the tax effects found in previous research on retail sales in geographic border areas. The results are quite robust; the tax sensitivity is clear nationally, within regions, within states, and even within metropolitan areas.  Further results suggest that the tax effect cannot be explained by unobserved heterogeneity across cities. The magnitudes in the paper suggest that to apply existing sales taxes to Internet commerce would reduce the number of online buyers by 25% and spending by more than 30% with some specifications suggesting even larger effects.
ER  -