TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feenstra,Robert C.
AU  - Markusen,James A.
AU  - Rose,Andrew K.
TI  - Undertstanding the Home Market Effect and the Gravity Equation:  The    Role of Differentiating Goods
JF  - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series
VL  - No. 6804
PY  - 1998
Y2  - November 1998
UR  - http://www.nber.org/papers/w6804
L1  - http://www.nber.org/papers/w6804.pdf
N1  - Author contact info:
Robert C. Feenstra
Department of Economics
University of California, Davis
One Shields Avenue
Davis, CA  95616
Tel: 530/752-7022
Fax: 530/752-9382
E-Mail: rcfeenstra@ucdavis.edu

James R. Markusen
Department of Economics
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80309-0256
Tel: 303/492-0748
Fax: 303/492-8960
E-Mail: james.markusen@colorado.edu

Andrew K. Rose
Haas School of Business Administration
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720-1900
Tel: 510/642-6609
Fax: 510/642-4700
E-Mail: arose@haas.berkeley.edu
AB  - This paper argues that the theoretical foundations for the gravity equation are general, while the empirical performance of the gravity equation is specific to the type of goods examined. Most existing theory for the gravity equation depends on the assumption of differentiated goods.  We show that the gravity equation can also be derived from a  reciprocal dumping' model of trade in homogeneous goods.  The different theories have different testable implications.  Theoretically, the gravity equation should have a lower domestic income elasticity for exports of homogeneous goods than of differentiated goods, because of a  home market' effect which depends on barriers to entry.  We quantify the home market effect empirically using cross-sectional gravity equations, and find that domestic income export elasticities are indeed substantially higher for differentiated goods than for homogeneous goods.
ER  -