TY - JOUR AU - Ludwig,Jens AU - Duncan,Greg J. AU - Gennetian,Lisa A. AU - Katz,Lawrence F. AU - Kessler,Ronald C. AU - Kling,Jeffrey R. AU - Sanbonmatsu,Lisa TI - Long-Term Neighborhood Effects on Low-Income Families: Evidence from Moving to Opportunity JF - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series VL - No. 18772 PY - 2013 Y2 - February 2013 UR - http://www.nber.org/papers/w18772 L1 - http://www.nber.org/papers/w18772.pdf N1 - Author contact info: Jens Ludwig University of Chicago 1155 East 60th Street Chicago, IL 60637 Tel: 773/834-0811 Fax: 773/834-1582 E-Mail: jludwig@uchicago.edu Greg Duncan Greg J. Duncan University of California, Irvine School of Education 2056 Education Building, Mail Code 5500 Irvine, CA 92697 (949) 824-7831 (office) E-Mail: gduncan@uci.edu Lisa Gennetian Lisa A. Gennetian New York University Institute of Human Development and Social Change 246 Greene Street, Floor 6E New York, NY 10003 Tel: 917-319-9485 E-Mail: gennetl@nber.org Lawrence F. Katz Department of Economics Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 Tel: 617/495-5148 Fax: 617/613-1245 E-Mail: lkatz@harvard.edu Ronald C. Kessler Ronald C. Kessler Harvard Medical School Department of Health Care Policy 180 Longwood Avenue Boston, MA 02115 (617) 432-3587 (office) E-Mail: kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu Jeffrey R. Kling Congressional Budget Office 3403 Ordway St NW Washington, DC 20016 E-Mail: jeffrey.r.kling@gmail.com Lisa Sanbonmatsu NBER 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, 3rd Floor Cambridge, MA 02138 Tel: 617/613-1201 E-Mail: lsanbonm@nber.org AB - We examine long-term neighborhood effects on low-income families using data from the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) randomized housing-mobility experiment, which offered some public-housing families but not others the chance to move to less-disadvantaged neighborhoods. We show that 10-15 years after baseline MTO improves adult physical and mental health; has no detectable effect on economic outcomes, youth schooling and youth physical health; and mixed results by gender on other youth outcomes, with girls doing better on some measures and boys doing worse. Despite the somewhat mixed pattern of impacts on traditional behavioral outcomes, MTO moves substantially improve adult subjective well-being. ER -