Electoral Accountability and Corruption: Evidence from the Audits of Local Governments

We are grateful to Sandra Black, Allan Drazen, Alain de Janvry, Seema Jayachandran, Joe Hotz, Philip Keefer, Maurizio Mazzocco, Ted Miguel, Enrico Moretti, Sarah Reber, James Robinson, Gerard Roland, Elisabeth Sadoulet, Helena Svaleryd, Duncan Thomas and to conference and seminar participants at CERGE-EI, Dartmouth College, EPGE-FGV, IADB, IPEA-Rio, LACEA-Political Economy Network, MIT, NBER, NEUDCBrown, Penn State University, PUC-Rio, Stanford GSB, UC-Berkeley, UCLA, University of Maryland, Wharton Business School, World Bank, and Yale University. We also thank the staff at the Controladoria Geral da União (CGU) for information about the details of the anti-corruption program and Paula Aniceto, Leonardo Costa and Tássia Cruz for excellent research assistance. Ferraz gratefully acknowledges financial support from CAPES-Brazil. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.