TY - JOUR AU - Blank,Rebecca M. AU - Charles,Kerwin Kofi AU - Sallee,James M. TI - Do State Laws Affect the Age of Marriage? A Cautionary Tale About Avoidance Behavior JF - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series VL - No. 13667 PY - 2007 Y2 - December 2007 UR - http://www.nber.org/papers/w13667 L1 - http://www.nber.org/papers/w13667.pdf N1 - Author contact info: Rebecca M. Blank Under Secretary for Economic Affairs Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration Herbert C. Hoover Building, Room 4848 1401 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20230 Tel: 202-482-3727 Fax: 202-482-0432 E-Mail: rblank@doc.gov Kerwin Kofi Charles Harris School of Public Policy University of Chicago 1155 East 60th Street Chicago, IL 60637 Tel: 773.834.8922 Fax: NA E-Mail: kcharles@uchicago.edu James M. Sallee Harris School of Public Policy Studies University of Chicago 1155 East 60th Street Chicago, IL 60637 Tel: 773/316-3480 Fax: 773/702-2286 E-Mail: sallee@uchicago.edu AB - This paper investigates the response of young people in the United States to state laws dictating the minimum age at which individuals could marry, with and without parental consent. We use variation across states and over time to document behavioral responses to laws governing the age of marriage using both administrative records from the Vital Statistics and retrospective reports from the U.S. Census. We find evidence that state laws delayed the marriages of some young people, but the effects are much smaller in Census data than in Vital Statistics records. This discrepancy appears to be driven by systematic avoidance behavior of two kinds. First, some young people marry outside their state of residence, in states with less restrictive laws. Second, many young people appear to have evaded minimum age of marriage laws by misrepresenting age on their marriage certificate. This avoidance was especially pronounced in earlier years, when few states required documented proof of age and when there was greater gain to marrying out of state because of wider variation in laws. Our results have important implications about the quality of administrative data when it is poorly monitored; about the effect of laws when agents can avoid them; and about the validly of estimates using cross-state variation in laws as an instrumental variable. By contrasting two data sources, we achieve a more complete picture of behavioral response than would be possible with either one alone. ER -