TY - JOUR AU - Engle,Robert AU - Ferstenberg,Robert TI - Execution Risk JF - National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series VL - No. 12165 PY - 2006 Y2 - April 2006 UR - http://www.nber.org/papers/w12165 L1 - http://www.nber.org/papers/w12165.pdf N1 - Author contact info: Robert F. Engle, III Department of Finance, Stern School of Business New York University, Salomon Center 44 West 4th Street, Suite 9-160 New York, NY 10012-1126 Tel: 212/998-0710 Fax: 212/995-4220 E-Mail: rengle@stern.nyu.edu Robert Ferstenberg Morgan Stanley E-Mail: Robert.Ferstenberg@morganstanley.com AB - Transaction costs in trading involve both risk and return. The return is associated with the cost of immediate execution and the risk is a result of price movements during a more gradual trading. The paper shows that the trade-off between risk and return in optimal execution should reflect the same risk preferences as in ordinary investment. The paper develops models of the joint optimization of positions and trades, and shows conditions under which optimal execution does not depend upon the other holdings in the portfolio. Optimal execution however may involve trades in assets other than those listed in the order; these can hedge the trading risks. The implications of the model for trading with reversals and continuations are developed. The model implies a natural measure of liquidity risk ER -