Scott Stern
MIT Sloan School of Management
100 Main Street, E62-476
Cambridge, MA 02142
Tel: 617/253-3053
Fax: 617/253-2660
E-Mail: 
WWW: http://www.scott-stern.com/
NBER Program Affiliations:
AG
,
IO
,
PR
NBER Affiliation: Research Associate
Institutional Affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
NBER Working Papers and Publications
| June 2020 | Enabling Entrepreneurial Choice
with Ajay K. Agrawal, Joshua S. Gans: w27379
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| March 2020 | Accelerating Innovation-Drive Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
with Fiona Murray
in Innovation and Public Policy, Austan Goolsbee and Benjamin Jones, editors
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| January 2020 | Introduction to "The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth"
with Aaron Chatterji, Josh Lerner, Michael J. Andrews
in The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, Aaron Chatterji, Josh Lerner, Scott Stern, and Michael J. Andrews, editors
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| December 2019 | Hidden in Plain Sight: Venture Growth with or without Venture Capital
with Christian Catalini, Jorge Guzman: w26521
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| July 2019 | The Impact of State-Level R&D Tax Credits on the Quantity and Quality of Entrepreneurship
with Catherine Fazio, Jorge Guzman: w26099
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| Passive Versus Active Growth: Evidence from Founder Choices and Venture Capital Investment
with Christian Catalini, Jorge Guzman: w26073
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| June 2019 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 20"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 20, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| June 2018 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 19"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 19, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| March 2018 | Control Versus Execution: Endogenous Appropriability and Entrepreneurial Strategy
with Kenny Ching, Joshua S. Gans: w24448
Published: Kenny Ching & Joshua Gans & Scott Stern, 2019. "Control versus execution: endogenous appropriability and entrepreneurial strategy," Industrial and Corporate Change, vol 28(2), pages 389-408. citation courtesy of 
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| The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Innovation
with Iain M. Cockburn, Rebecca Henderson: w24449
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| January 2018 | The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Innovation: An Exploratory Analysis
with Iain M. Cockburn, Rebecca Henderson
in The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda, Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb, editors
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| August 2017 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 18"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 18, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| February 2017 | Endogenous Appropriability
with Joshua S. Gans: w23138
Published: Joshua S. Gans & Scott Stern, 2017. "Endogenous Appropriability," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 107(5), pages 317-321, May. citation courtesy of
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| August 2016 | Nowcasting and Placecasting Entrepreneurial Quality and Performance
with Jorge Guzman
in Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses: Current Knowledge and Challenges, John Haltiwanger, Erik Hurst, Javier Miranda, and Antoinette Schoar, editors
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| June 2016 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 17"
with Shane Greenstein, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 17, Shane Greenstein, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, editors
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| March 2016 | The State of American Entrepreneurship: New Estimates of the Quality and Quantity of Entrepreneurship for 32 US States, 1988-2014
with Jorge Guzman: w22095
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| July 2015 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 16"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 16, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| April 2015 | The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy: Evidence from Windows
with Susan Athey
in Economic Analysis of the Digital Economy, Avi Goldfarb, Shane M. Greenstein, and Catherine E. Tucker, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 16, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| February 2015 | Nowcasting and Placecasting Entrepreneurial Quality and Performance
with Jorge Guzman: w20954
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| August 2014 | Defining Clusters of Related Industries
with Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter: w20375
Published: Mercedes Delgado & Michael E. Porter & Scott Stern, 2016. "Defining clusters of related industries," Journal of Economic Geography, vol 16(1), pages 1-38. citation courtesy of
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| June 2014 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 15"
with William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 15, William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, editors
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| April 2014 | Front matter
with William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 15, William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, editors
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| December 2013 | The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy: Evidence from Windows
with Susan Athey: w19755
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| October 2013 | Contracting Over the Disclosure of Scientific Knowledge: Intellectual Property and Academic Publication
with Joshua S. Gans, Fiona E. Murray: w19560
Published: Gans, Joshua S. & Murray, Fiona E. & Stern, Scott, 2017. "Contracting over the disclosure of scientific knowledge: Intellectual property and academic publication," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(4), pages 820-835. citation courtesy of
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| July 2013 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 14"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 14, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| July 2012 | The Determinants of National Competitiveness
with Mercedes Delgado, Christian Ketels, Michael E. Porter: w18249
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| Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance
with Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter: w18250
Published: “Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance,” with Michael E. Porter and Scott Stern, 2014, Research Policy, 43 (10), pp. 1785–1799 (also available as NBER WP 18250). citation courtesy of
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| June 2012 | Front matter and Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 13"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 13, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| April 2012 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 12"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 12, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| January 2012 | Intellectual Property Rights and the Evolution of Scientific Journals as Knowledge Platforms
with Daniel C. Fehder, Fiona Murray
in Standards, Patents and Innovations, Timothy Simcoe, Ajay K. Agrawal, and Stuart Graham, organizers
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| May 2011 | Finding the Endless Frontier: Lessons from the Life Sciences Innovation System for Energy R&D
with Iain M. Cockburn, Jack Zausner
in Accelerating Energy Innovation: Insights from Multiple Sectors, Rebecca M. Henderson and Richard G. Newell, editors
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| April 2011 | Introduction to "The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited"
with Josh Lerner
in The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Why was "Rate and Direction" So Important?
with Nathan Rosenberg
in The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| March 2011 | Introduction
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 11, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| February 2010 | Front matter to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 10"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 10, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 10"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 10, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| September 2009 | Introduction to "Economics and Strategy of Entrepreneurship"
with Thomas Hellman
in Entrepreneurship: Strategy and Structure, Thomas Hellman and Scott Stern, editors
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| March 2009 | Of Mice and Academics: Examining the Effect of Openness on Innovation
with Fiona Murray, Philippe Aghion, Mathias Dewatripont, Julian Kolev: w14819
Published: Fiona Murray & Philippe Aghion & Mathias Dewatripont & Julian Kolev & Scott Stern, 2016. "Of Mice and Academics: Examining the Effect of Openness on Innovation," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, vol 8(1), pages 212-252. citation courtesy of
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| February 2009 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 9"
with Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 9, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| April 2008 | Front matter, introduction
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 8, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| August 2007 | Index
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner, Marie C. Thursby
in Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth, Adam Jaffe, Josh Lerner, Scott Stern, Marie Thursby, organizers
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| Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth?
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner, Marie C. Thursby
in Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth, Adam Jaffe, Josh Lerner, Scott Stern, Marie Thursby, organizers
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| Do Formal Intellectual Property Rights Hinder the Free Flow of Scientific Knowledge?: An Empirical Test of the Anti-Commons Hypothesis
with Fiona E. Murray
in Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth, Adam Jaffe, Josh Lerner, Scott Stern, Marie Thursby, organizers
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| July 2007 | Complementarity Among Vertical Integration Decisions: Evidence from Automobile Product Development
with Sharon Novak: w13232
Published: Complementarity among vertical integration decisions: evidence from automobile product development Management Science, Vol. 55, No. 2. (2009), pp. 311-332 by S. Novak, S. Stern posted to automobile complementarity file-import-09-12-23 industry integration outsourcing strategies vertical by whutabarat on 2009-12-23 14:43:53
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| How Does Outsourcing Affect Performance Dynamics? Evidence from the Automobile Industry
with Sharon Novak: w13235
Published: doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1080.0922 Management Science December 2008 vol. 54 no. 12 1963-1979
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| The Impact of Uncertain Intellectual Property Rights on the Market For Ideas: Evidence From Patent Grant Delays
with Joshua S. Gans, David H. Hsu: w13234
Published: Joshua S. Gans & David H. Hsu & Scott Stern, 2008. "The Impact of Uncertain Intellectual Property Rights on the Market for Ideas: Evidence from Patent Grant Delays," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(5), pages 982-997, May. citation courtesy of
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| February 2007 | When Ideas Are Not Free: The Impact of Patents on Scientific Research
with Fiona Murray
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 7, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| September 2006 | Climbing Atop the Shoulders of Giants: The Impact of Institutions on Cumulative Research
with Jeffrey L. Furman: w12523
Published: Jeffrey L Furman & Scott Stern, 2011. "Climbing atop the Shoulders of Giants: The Impact of Institutions on Cumulative Research," American Economic Review, vol 101(5), pages 1933-1963.
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| August 2006 | Front matter, acknowledgments, table of contents
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 6, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 6"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 6, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| April 2006 | Front matter, table of contents, introduction
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 7, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| July 2005 | Do Formal Intellectual Property Rights Hinder the Free Flow of Scientific Knowledge? An Empirical Test of the Anti-Commons Hypothesis
with Fiona Murray: w11465
Published: Murray, Fiona and Scott Stern. "Do formal intellectual property rights hinder the free flow of scientific knowledge?: An empirical test of the anti-commons hypothesis" Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 63, 4 (2007): 648-687.
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| January 2005 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 5"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 5, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments, table of contents
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 5, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| February 2004 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 4"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 4, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 4, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| January 2003 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 3"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 3, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 3, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| June 2002 | Are All Patent Examiners Equal? The Impact of Examiner Characteristics
with Iain M. Cockburn, Samuel Kortum: w8980
Published: Cohen, Wesley and Steven Merrill (eds.) Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy. National Academies Press, 2003.
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| January 2002 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 2"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 2, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 2, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| January 2001 | Introduction to "Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1"
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Front matter, acknowledgments
with Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner
in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, editors
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| Patient Welfare and Patient Compliance -- An Empirical Framework for Measuring the Benefits from Pharmaceutical Innovation
with Paul Ellickson, Manuel Trajtenberg
in Medical Care Output and Productivity, David M. Cutler and Ernst R. Berndt, editors
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| September 2000 | The Determinants of National Innovative Capacity
with Michael E. Porter, Jeffrey L. Furman: w7876
Published: Stern, Scott, Michael E. Porter, and Jeffrey L. Furman. "The determinants of national innovative capacity." Research Policy 31 (2002): 899-933.
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| When Does Funding Research by Smaller Firms Bear Fruit?: Evidence from the SBIR Program
with Joshua S. Gans: w7877
Published: Joshua Gans & Scott Stern, 2003. "When Does Funding Research By Smaller Firms Bear Fruit?: Evidence From The Sbir Program," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 12(4), pages 361-384, August. citation courtesy of
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| The Impact of Information Technology on Emergency Health Care Outcomes
with Susan Athey: w7887
Published: Athey, Susan and Scott Stern. "The Impact Of Information Technology On Emergency Health Care Outcomes," Rand Journal of Economics, 2002, v33(3,Autumn), 399-432. citation courtesy of
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| Measuring the "Ideas" Production Function: Evidence from International Patent Output
with Michael E. Porter: w7891
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| August 2000 | When Does Start-Up Innovation Spur the Gale of Creative Destruction?
with Joshua S. Gans, David H. Hsu: w7851
Published: Joshua S. Gans & David H. Hsu & Scott Stern, 2002. "When Does Start-Up Innovation Spur the Gale of Creative Destruction?," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 33(4), pages 571-586, Winter. citation courtesy of
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| January 2000 | The Adoption and Impact of Advanced Emergency Response Services
with Susan Athey
in The Changing Hospital Industry: Comparing Not-for-Profit and For-Profit Institutions, David M. Cutler, editor
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| October 1999 | Do Scientists Pay to Be Scientists?
w7410
Published: Stern, Scott. "Do Scientists Pay to Be Scientists?" Management Science 50, 6 (June 2004): 835-853.
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| September 1999 | The Diffusion of Science-Driven Drug Discovery: Organizational Change in Pharmaceutical Research
with Iain Cockburn, Rebecca Henderson: w7359
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| January 1999 | Patient Welfare and Patient Compliance: An Empirical Framework for Measuring the Benefits from Pharmaceutical Innovation
with Paul Ellickson, Manuel Trajtenberg: w6890
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| Balancing Incentives: The Tension Between Basic and Applied Research
with Iain Cockburn, Rebecca Henderson: w6882
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| December 1998 | Empirical Implications of Physician Authority in Pharmaceutical Decisionmaking
with Manuel Trajtenberg: w6851
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| June 1998 | The Adoption and Impact of Advanced Emergency Response Services
with Susan Athey: w6595
Published: The Changing Hospital Industry: Comparing Not-for-Profit and For-Profit Institutions, Cutler, David M., pp. 113-155, (Chicago: The University of Chicago, 2000).
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| An Empirical Framework for Testing Theories About Complimentarity in Organizational Design
with Susan Athey: w6600
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| August 1996 | Market Segmentation and the Sources of Rents from Innovation: Personal Computers in the Late 1980's
with Timothy F. Bresnahan, Manuel Trajtenberg: w5726
Published: RAND Journal of Economics, Special Issue in Honor of Richard E. Quandt, Volume 28-0, (1997): pp. 17-44
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