Robert J. Barro
Department of Economics
Littauer Center 218
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138
Tel: 617/495-3203
Fax: 617/496-8629
E-Mail: 
WWW: http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/barro
NBER Program Affiliations:
EFG
,
ME
,
PE
NBER Affiliation: Research Associate
Institutional Affiliation: Harvard University
Information about this author at RePEc
NBER Working Papers and Publications
| November 2019 | Taxes, Incorporation, and Productivity
with Brian Wheaton
in Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 34, Robert Moffitt, editor
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| May 2019 | Double-Counting of Investment
w25826
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| January 2019 | Incorporation, and Productivity
with Brian Wheaton: w25508
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| January 2016 | Rare Events and Long-Run Risks
with Tao Jin: w21871
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| Economic Growth and Convergence, Applied Especially to China
w21872
Published: Barro, R. J. (2016), Economic Growth and Convergence, Applied to China. China & World Economy, 24: 5-19. doi:10.1111/cwe.12172
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| Options-Pricing Formula with Disaster Risk
with Gordon Y. Liao: w21888
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| October 2014 | Safe Assets
with Jesús Fernández-Villaverde, Oren Levintal, Andrew Mollerus: w20652
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| July 2013 | Environmental Protection, Rare Disasters, and Discount Rates
w19258
Published: Environmental Protection, Rare Disasters and Discount Rates Robert J. Barro Article first published online: 27 NOV 2014 Economica Volume 82, Issue 325, pages 1–23, January 2015 citation courtesy of 
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| February 2013 | Gold Returns
with Sanjay P. Misra: w18759
Published: Robert J. Barro & Sanjay Misra, 2015. "Gold Returns," The Economic Journal, , pages n/a-n/a. citation courtesy of
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| August 2012 | Convergence and Modernization Revisited
w18295
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| August 2011 | Rare Macroeconomic Disasters
with José F. Ursua: w17328
Published: Robert J. Barro & Jos� F. Urs�a, 2012. "Rare Macroeconomic Disasters," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 4(1), pages 83-109, 07. citation courtesy of
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| February 2011 | Saints Marching In, 1590-2009
with Rachel M. McCleary: w16769
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| September 2010 | Financial Crises
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| April 2010 | Crises and Recoveries in an Empirical Model of Consumption Disasters
with Emi Nakamura, Jón Steinsson, José Ursúa: w15920
Published: Emi Nakamura & Jón Steinsson & Robert Barro & José Ursúa, 2013. "Crises and Recoveries in an Empirical Model of Consumption Disasters," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 5(3), pages 35-74, July. citation courtesy of
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| A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950-2010
with Jong-Wha Lee: w15902
Published: Barro, Robert J. & Lee, Jong Wha, 2013. "A new data set of educational attainment in the world, 1950â2010," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 184-198. citation courtesy of
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| September 2009 | Macroeconomic Effects from Government Purchases and Taxes
with Charles J. Redlick: w15369
Published: “Macroeconomic Effects of Government Purchases and Taxes” (with C.J. Redlick), Quarterly Journal of Economics , February 2011. citation courtesy of
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| August 2009 | On the Size Distribution of Macroeconomic Disasters
with Tao Jin: w15247
Published: Robert J. Barro & Tao Jin, 2011. "On the Size Distribution of Macroeconomic Disasters," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 79(5), pages 1567-1589, 09. citation courtesy of
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| February 2009 | Stock-Market Crashes and Depressions
with José F. Ursúa: w14760
Published: Robert J. Barro & José F. Ursúa, 2017. "Stock-market crashes and depressions," Research in Economics, vol 71(3), pages 384-398. citation courtesy of
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| April 2008 | Macroeconomic Crises since 1870
with José F. Ursúa: w13940
Published: Robert J. Barro & Jose F. Ursua, 2008. "Macroeconomic Crises since 1870," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 255-350. citation courtesy of
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| December 2007 | Religious Conversion in 40 Countries
with Jason Hwang: w13689
Published: Robert Barro & Jason Hwang & Rachel McCleary, 2010. "Religious Conversion in 40 Countries," Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol 49(1), pages 15-36.
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| Rare Disasters, Asset Prices, and Welfare Costs
w13690
Published: Robert J. Barro, 2009. "Rare Disasters, Asset Prices, and Welfare Costs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(1), pages 243-64, March. citation courtesy of
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| December 2006 | On the Welfare Costs of Consumption Uncertainty
w12763
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| May 2006 | U.S.-Based Private Voluntary Organizations: Religious and Secular PVOs Engaged in International Relief & Development
with Rachel M. McCleary: w12238
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| May 2005 | Rare Events and the Equity Premium
w11310
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| April 2004 | Which Countries Have State Religions?
with Rachel M. McCleary: w10438
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Rachel M. McCleary. "Which Countries Have State Religions?," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2005, v120(4,Nov), 1331-1370. citation courtesy of
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| December 2003 | International Determinants of Religiosity
with Rachel M. McCleary: w10147
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| May 2003 | Religion and Economic Growth
with Rachel McCleary: w9682
Published:
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| January 2003 | Economic Effects of Currency Unions
with Silvana Tenreyro: w9435
Published: Barro, Robert and Silvana Tenreyro. "Economic Effects Of Currency Unions." Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International (2007), vol. 45(1): 1-23. citation courtesy of
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| Optimal Currency Areas
with Alberto Alesina, Silvana Tenreyro
in NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2002, Volume 17, Mark Gertler and Kenneth Rogoff, editors
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| July 2002 | Optimal Currency Areas
with Alberto Alesina, Silvana Tenreyro: w9072
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| May 2002 | IMF Programs: Who is Chosen and What Are the Effects?
with Jong-Wha Lee: w8951
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Jong-Wha Lee. "IMF Programs: Who Is Chosen And What Are The Effects?," Journal of Monetary Economics, 2005, v52(7,Oct), 1245-1269. citation courtesy of
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| Religion and Political Economy in an International Panel
with Rachel M. McCleary: w8931
Published: Barro, Robert J. and R.M. McCleary. "Religion and Political Economy in an International Panel." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (June 2006).
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| June 2001 | Economic Growth in East Asia Before and After the Financial Crisis
w8330
Published: Coe, D.T. and S.J. Kim (eds.) Korean Crisis and Recovery, International Monetary Fund, 2002.
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| December 2000 | Closed and Open Economy Models of Business Cycles with Marked Up and Sticky Prices
with Silvana Tenreyro: w8043
Published:
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| September 2000 | International Data on Educational Attainment Updates and Implications
with Jong-Wha Lee: w7911
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Jong-Wha Lee. "International Data On Educational Attainment: Updates And Implications," Oxford Economic Papers, 2001, v53(3,Jul), 541-563. citation courtesy of
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| Currency Unions
with Alberto Alesina: w7927
Published: Alesina, Alberto and Robert J. Barro. "Currency Unions," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2002, v107(2,May), 409-436. citation courtesy of
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| March 1999 | Inequality, Growth, and Investment
w7038
Published: Hassett, K.A. and R.G. Hubbard (eds.) Inequality and Tax Policy. AEI Press, 2001.
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| July 1998 | Notes on Growth Accounting
w6654
Published: Journal of Economic Growth, Vol. 4, no. 2 (June 1999): 119-137 citation courtesy of
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| December 1997 | Myopia and Inconsistency in the Neoclassical Growth Model
w6317
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Ramsey Meets Laibson In The Neoclassical Growth Model," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1999, v114(4,Nov), 1125-1152.
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| September 1997 | Optimal Management of Indexed and Nominal Debt
w6197
Published:
- Barro, Robert J. "Notes On Optimal Debt Management," Journal of Applied Economics, 1999, v2(2,Nov), 282-290.
- Robert J. Barro, 2002.
"Optimal Management of Indexed and Nominal Debt,"
Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series,
in: Fernando Lefort & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel & Norman Loayza (Series Editor) & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel (Serie (ed.), Indexation, Inflation and Monetary Policy, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 5, pages 135-150
Central Bank of Chile.
- Robert Barro, 2003. "Optimal Management of Indexed and Nominal Debt," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 4(1), pages 1-15, May. citation courtesy of
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| Schooling Quality in a Cross Section of Countries
with Jong-Wha Lee: w6198
Published: Lee, Jong-Wha and Robert J. Barro. "Schooling Quality In A Cross-Section Of Countries," Economica, 2001, v68(271,Nov), 465-488. citation courtesy of
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| August 1996 | Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study
w5698
Published:
- Robert J. Barro, 1998. "Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262522543, April.
- Levine, Ross, 1998. "Robert J. Barro, Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 822-824, December.
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| March 1996 | Reflections on Ricardian Equivalence
w5502
Published: Maloney, J. (ed.) Debt and Deficits: An Historical Perspective. Edward Elgar, 1998.
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| October 1995 | Inflation and Economic Growth
w5326
Published: Robert J. Barro, 2013. "Inflation and Economic Growth," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 14(1), pages 121-144, May. citation courtesy of
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| Optimal Debt Management
w5327
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Notes On Optimal Debt Management," Journal of Applied Economics, 1999, v2(2,Nov), 282-290.
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| June 1995 | Technological Diffusion, Convergence, and Growth
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w5151
Published: Journal of Economic Growth, Vol. 2, no. 1 (March 1997): 1-26. citation courtesy of
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| October 1994 | Democracy & Growth
w4909
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Democracy And Growth," Journal of Economic Growth, 1996, v1(1,Mar), 1-27.
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| June 1994 | Recent Research on Economic Growth
NBER Reporter Reporter_archive
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| January 1994 | Quality Improvements in Models of Growth
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w4610
Published: With N. Gregory Mankiw, published as "Capital Mobility in Neoclassical Models of Growth", American Economic Review, Vol. 85, no. 1 (1995): 103- 115.
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| April 1993 | Losers and Winners in Economic Growth
with Jong-Wha Lee: w4341
Published:
- Bruno, Michael and Boris Pleskovic (eds.) Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics, 1993: Supplement to The World Bank Economic Review and The World Bank Research Observer. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1994. pp. 267-314
- Robert J. Barro & Jong-Wha Lee, 1993. "Losers and Winners in Economic Growth," The World Bank Economic Review, vol 7(suppl 1), pages 267-298.
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| International Comparisons of Educational Attainment
with Jong-Wha Lee: w4349
Published: Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 32, no. 3 (1993): 363-394. citation courtesy of
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| November 1992 | Capital Mobility in Neoclassical Models of Growth
with N. Gregory Mankiw, Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w4206
Published: The American Economic Review, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 103-115, (March 1995). citation courtesy of
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| March 1992 | Regional Growth and Migration: A Japan-U.S. Comparison
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w4038
Published: "Regional Growth and Migration: a Japan-U.S. Comparison," Japan and the World
Economy, 1992 (with X. Sala-i-Martin).
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| September 1991 | World Interest Rates and Investment
w3849
Published: Barro, Robert J, 1992. " World Interest Rates and Investment," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 94(2), pages 323-42. citation courtesy of
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| January 1991 | A Cross-Country Study of Growth, Saving, and Government
in National Saving and Economic Performance, B. Douglas Bernheim and John B. Shoven, editors
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| October 1990 | Economic Growth
with Paul M. Romer NBER Reporter Reporter_archive
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| August 1990 | Economic Growth and Convergence across The United States
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w3419
Published: Published as "Unanticipated Money, Output, and the Price Level in the United States", Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 86, no. 4 (1978): 549- 580.
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| May 1990 | Public Finance in Models of Economic Growth
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w3362
Published: Published as "Public Finance in Models of Economic Growth", Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 59, no. 201 (1992): 645-662. citation courtesy of
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| April 1990 | World Real Interest Rates
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin: w3317
Published: Blanchard, Olivier Jean and Stanley Fischer (eds.) NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1990. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990.
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| February 1990 | Pay, Performance, and Turnover of Bank CEOs
with Jason R. Barro: w3262
Published: Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 8, no. 4 (October 1990): 448-481. citation courtesy of
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| January 1990 | World Real Interest Rates
with Xavier Sala-i-Martin
in NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1990, Volume 5, Olivier Jean Blanchard and Stanley Fischer, editors
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| September 1989 | Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries
w3120
Published: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. CVI, No. 425, pp. 407-443, (May 1991). citation courtesy of
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| May 1989 | New Classicals and Keynesians, or the Good Guys and the Bad Guys
w2982
Published: Robert J. Barro, 1989. "New Classicals and Keynesians, or the Good Guys and the Bad Guys," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics (SJES), Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (SSES), vol. 125(III), pages 263-273, September. citation courtesy of
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| April 1989 | The Stock Market and Investment
w2925
Published: The Review of Financial Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 115-131, (1990). citation courtesy of
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| February 1989 | A Cross-Country Study of Growth, Saving, and Government
w2855
Published: National Saving and Economic Performance, eds. B. Douglas Bernheimand and John Shoven. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1991. pp269-301.
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| August 1988 | The Ricardian Approach to Budget Deficits
w2685
Published: Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 37-54, (Spring 1989). citation courtesy of
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| May 1988 | Interest-Rate Smoothing
w2581
Published: "Interest-Rate Targeting" From Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 3-30, (January 1989).
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| Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogenous Growth
w2588
Published: Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 98, No. 5, Pt. 2, pp. S103-S125, (October 1990). citation courtesy of
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| August 1986 | Government Spending, Interest Rates, Prices, and Budget Deficits in the United Kingdom, 1701-1918
w2005
Published: Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 20, no. 2 (1987): 221-248. citation courtesy of
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| July 1986 | Ski-Lift Pricing, with an Application to the Labor Market
with Paul M. Romer: w1985
Published: "Ski-Lift Pricing, with Applications to Labor and Other Markets." From The American Economic Review, Vol. 77, No. 5, pp. 875-890, (December 1987).
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| 1986 | A Reformulation of the Economic Theory of Fertility
with Gary S. Becker: w1793
Published: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. CIII, No. 412, pp. 1-25,(February 1988). citation courtesy of
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| Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy with Incomplete Information
w1794
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy with Incomplete Information." Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 17, No. 1, (January 1986) , pp. 3-20. citation courtesy of
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| The Behavior of United States Deficits
in The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change, Robert J. Gordon, editor
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| September 1984 | Rules versus Discretion
w1473
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Recent Developments in the Theory of Rules versus Discretion." Economic Journal, Supplement, (1985), pp. 23-37.
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| March 1984 | The Behavior of U.S. Deficits
w1309
Published:
- Gordon, Robert J. (ed.) The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
- Barro, Robert J. "U.S. Deficits Since World War I." Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Vol. 88, No. 1, (1986), pp. 195-222.
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| October 1983 | Average Marginal Tax Rates from Social Security and the Individual Income Tax
with Chaipat Sahasakul: w1214
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Chaipat Sahasakul. "Average Marginal Tax Rates from Social Security and the Individual Income Tax." Journal of Business, Vol. 59, no. 4, pt. 1, (October 1986), pp. 555-566. citation courtesy of
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| February 1983 | Rules, Discretion and Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy
with David B. Gordon: w1079
Published: Barro, Robert J. and David B. Gordon. "Rules, Discretion and Reputation ina Model of Monetary Policy." Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 12, No. 1,(July 1983), pp. 101-121. citation courtesy of
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| 1983 | Measuring the Average Marginal Tax Rate from the Individual Income Tax
with Chaipat Sahasakul: w1060
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Chaipat Sahasakul. "Measuring the Average Marginal Tax Rate from the Individual Income Tax." Journal of Business, Vol. 56, No. 4, October 1983, pp. 419-452. citation courtesy of
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| May 1982 | Time-Separable Preference and Intertemporal-Substitution Models of Business Cycles
with Robert G. King: w0888
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Robert G. King. "Time-Separable Preferences and Intertemporal-Substitution Models of Business Cycles." Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 99, No. 4, (November 1984), pp. 817- 839. citation courtesy of
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| Inflationary Finance under Discrepion and Rules
w0889
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Inflationary Finance under Discretion and Rules." Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol. 16, No. 1, (February 1983), pp. 1-16. citation courtesy of
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| April 1982 | Measuring the Fed's Revenue from Money Creation
w0883
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Measuring the Fed's Revenue from Money Creation." Economics Letters, (1982). citation courtesy of
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| 1982 | United States Inflation and the Choice of Monetary Standard
in Inflation: Causes and Effects, Robert E. Hall, editor
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| November 1981 | A Positive Theory of Monetary Policy in a Natural-Rate Model
with David B. Gordon: w0807
Published: Barro, Robert J., and David B. Gordon. "A Positive Theory of Monetary Policy in a Natural-Rate Model." Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 91. No. 4 (August 1983), pp. 589-610. Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 22, No. 1,(March 1984). citation courtesy of
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| February 1981 | On the Predictability of Tax-Rate Changes
w0636
Published: Barro, Robert J. (ed.) Macroeconomic policy. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 1990.
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| June 1980 | Intertemporal Substitution and the Business Cycle
w0490
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Intertemporal substitution and the business cycle," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 237-268, January 1981. Also: Barro, Robert J. and Robert G. King. "Time-Separable Preferences And Intertemporal-Substitution Models Of Business Cycles," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1984, v99(4), 817-840. citation courtesy of
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| April 1980 | On the Determination of the Public Debt
r0049
Published: Barro, Robert J. "On the Determination of the Public Debt." The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 87, No. 5, (October 1979), pp. 946-971.
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| February 1980 | Federal Deficit Policy and the Effects of Public Debt Shocks
w0443
Published: Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 12, no. 4, part 2 (1980): 747-762. citation courtesy of
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| 1980 | Social Security and Consumer Spending in an International Cross Section
with Glenn M. MacDonald: r0025
Published: Barro, Robert J. and MacDonald, Glenn M. "Social Security and Consumer Spending in an International Cross Section." Journal of Public Economics, Vol. II, (1979).
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| Money and the Price Level under the Gold Standard
r0032
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Money and the Price Level under the Gold Standard." The Economic Journal, Vol. 89, (March 1979), pp. 13-33.
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| Second Thoughts on Keynesian Economics
r0033
Published: Barro, Robert J. "Second Thoughts on Keynesian Economics." The American Economic Review, Vol. 69, No. 2, (May 1979), pp. 54-59.
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| Output Effects of Government Purchases
w0432
Published: Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 89, no. 6 (1981): 1086-121. citation courtesy of
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| Unanticipated Money and Economic Activity
with Mark Rush
in Rational Expectations and Economic Policy, Stanley Fischer, editor
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| April 1979 | Unanticipated Money and Economic Activity
with Mark Rush: w0339
Published: Barro, Robert J. and Rush, Mark. "Unanticipated Money and Economic Activity ." Rational Expectations and Economic Policy, edited by Stanley Fischer, pp . 23-74. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.
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| March 1979 | A Capital Market In an Equilibrium Business Cycle Model
w0326
Published: Econometrica, Vol. 48, no. 6 (1980): 1393-1418. citation courtesy of
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| Money Stock Revisions and Unanticipated Money Growth
with Zvi Hercowitz: w0329
Published: as "Unanticipated Money Growth and Unemployment in the United States" American Economic Review, Vol. 67, no. 2 (1977): 101-115. (same new title as above) American Economic Review, Vol. 69, no. 5 (1979): 1004-1009. Also Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 6, no. 2 (1980): 257-268. citation courtesy of
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| 1979 | Money and Output in Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil
in Short-Term Macroeconomic Policy in Latin America, Jere R. Behrman and James Hanson, editors
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