2010 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) Coding and Validation Manual CRASH vs. ACCIDENT The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has adopted the policy to use the term, Crash. Accordingly the term, Crash, is used throughout this manual. As used in this coding manual, “Crash” shall always refer to a Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident as rigorously defined in ANSI Standard, D16.1 – The Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents. Incidents or scenarios involving collision events, and those involving non-collision events, as defined in ANSI D16.1, are included. Collision events include those involving a motor vehicle and fixed objects (poles, walls, buildings, barriers, bridge supports, etc.) and those involving a motor vehicle and non- fixed objects (pedestrians, animals, pedal cyclists, other motor vehicles, etc). Besides scenarios involving a collision, a crash also shall include non-collision scenarios such as the following: • A single motor vehicle on a roadway catches fire • A motor vehicle runs off of a trafficway and is immersed in a body of water • An occupant of a motor vehicle is injured by falling from that vehicle while it is in motion or on a roadway • An occupant of a motor vehicle is injured by shifting cargo or flying objects within that vehicle during emergency handling / braking • A vehicle suffers damage from a pavement irregularity (loose plate, high manhole, pot hole, etc) • And others Consult ANSI D16.1, Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents (The ANSI Manual) for a more precise and complete presentation of these concepts. As a minimum, the following ANSI D16.1 terms should be well understood to properly select and classify cases for FARS and GES. The paragraph reference numbers from the ANSI Manual are provided to aid look-up. 2.2.1 Trafficway 2.4.9 Transport Accident 2.4.1 Harmful Event 2.4.12 Motor Vehicle Accident 2.4.2 Deliberate Intent 2.4.17 Road Vehicle Accident 2.4.3 Legal Intervention 2.4.18 Traffic Accident 2.4.4 Unstabilized Situation 2.4.22 Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident 2.4.5 Cataclysm 2.4.27 Fatal Accident 2.4.6 Accident     THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK LIST OF ELEMENTS AND LOCATION CODES ALL LEVELS Page Page Submission Instructions 5 Person (MV Occupant) Form 10 Crash Form 6 Person (Not a MV Occupant) Form 11 Vehicle Form 7 Form Instructions 13 Driver Form 8 Data Element Instructions 17 Precrash Form 9 Element Page Element Page C1 State Number 19 C2 Consecutive Numbers 21 V1 V2 D1 D2 PC1 PC2 P1 P2 NM1 NM2 CRASH LEVEL Element Page Element Page C3 Number of Forms Submitted 23 C17 Crash Events 51 For Persons Not In Motor C18 First Harmful Event 63 Vehicles C19 Manner of Collision 75 C4 Number of Vehicle Forms 25 C20 Relation to Junction 77 Submitted C21 Type of Intersection 85 C5 Number of Motor Vehicle 27 C22 Relation to Trafficway 89 Occupant Forms Submitted C23 Work Zone 95 C6 County 29 C24 Light Condition 97 C7 City 29 C25 Atmospheric Conditions 99 C8 Crash Date 31 C26 School Bus Related 101 C9 Crash Time 33 C27 Rail Grade Crossing 103 C10 National Highway System 35 Identifier C11 Roadway Function Class 37 C28 Notification Time EMS 105 C12 Route Signing 39 C29 Arrival Time EMS 107 C13 Trafficway Identifier 41 C30 EMS Time at Hospital 109 C14 Milepoint 45 C31 Related Factors – Crash 111 C15 Global Position 47 Level C16 Special Jurisdiction 49 Additional State Information 117 A 2010 Manual Changes summary is available in electronic format. 2010 1 VEHICLE LEVEL Element Page Element Page V3 Vehicle Number 119 V19 Cargo Body Type 269 V4 Number of Occupants 121 V20 Hazardous Material 273 V5 Unit Type 123 Involvement/Placard V6 Hit-and-Run 127 V21 Bus Use 279 V7 Registration State 129 V22 Special Use 283 V8 Registered Vehicle Owner 133 V23 Emergency Use 287 V9 Vehicle Make 135 V24 Travel Speed 289 V10 Vehicle Model 139 V25 Underride/Override 291 V11 Body Type 233 V26 Rollover 295 V12 Model Year 245 V27 Location of Rollover 297 V13 Vehicle Identification Number 247 V28 Areas of Impact 299 V14 Vehicle Trailing 253 V29 Extent of Damage 305 V15 Jackknife 255 V30 Vehicle Removal 307 V16 Motor Carrier Identification 257 V31 Sequence of Events 309 Number V32 Most Harmful Event 321 V17 Gross Vehicle Weight Rating 261 V33 Related Factors – Vehicle 333 /Gross Combination Weight Level Rating V34 Fire Occurrence 337 V18 Vehicle Configuration 265 DRIVER LEVEL Element Page Element Page D3 Vehicle Number 339 D15 Previous Recorded Suspen- 377 D4 Driver Presence 341 sions and Revocations D5 Driver’s License State 343 D16 Previous DWI Convictions 377 D6 Driver’s Zip Code 347 D17 Previous Speeding 377 D7 Non-CDL License Type 349 Convictions Status D18 Previous Other Harmful MV 377 D8 Commercial Motor Vehicle 357 Convictions License Status D19 Date of FIRST Crash, 381 D9 Compliance with CDL 361 Suspension, Conviction Endorsements D20 Date of LAST Crash, 381 D10 License Compliance with 365 Suspension, Conviction Class of Vehicle D21 Violations Charged 383 D11 Compliance with License 369 D22 Speed Related 387 Restrictions D23 Condition (Impairment) 389 D12 Driver Height 373 at Time of Crash D13 Driver Weight 375 D24 Related Factors – Driver 393 D14 Previous Recorded Crashes 377 Level A 2010 Manual Changes summary is available in electronic format. 2 2010 PRECRASH LEVEL Element Page Element Page PC3 Vehicle Number 425 PC15 Driver Maneuvered to 461 PC4 Contributing Circumstance, 427 Avoid Motor Vehicle PC16 Driver Distracted By 465 PC5 Trafficway Description 431 PC17 Pre-Event Movement 469 PC6 Total Lanes in Roadway 435 (Prior to Recognition PC7 Speed Limit 437 of Critical Event) PC8 Roadway Alignment 441 PC18 Critical Event – Precrash 473 PC9 Roadway Grade 443 (Category) PC10 Roadway Surface Type 445 PC19 Critical Event – Precrash 475 PC11 Roadway Surface Conditions 447 (Event) PC12 Traffic Control Device 449 PC20 Attempted Avoidance 485 PC13 Device Functioning 455 Maneuver PC14 Driver’s Vision Obscured 457 PC21 Pre-Impact Stability 487 By PC22 Pre-Impact Location 489 PC23 Crash Type 491 PERSON (MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL Element Page Element Page P3 Vehicle Number 527 P17 Method of Alcohol 563 P4 Person Number 529 Determination By Police P5 Age 531 P18 Alcohol Test 567 P6 Sex 533 P19 Police Reported Drug 573 P7 Person Type 535 Involvement P8 Injury Severity 537 P20 Method of Drug Deter- 577 P9 Seating Position 541 mination By Police P10 Restraint System/Helmet 545 P21 Drug Test 579 Use P22 Transported to Medical 595 P11 Any Indication of Mis-Use 549 Facility By Restraint System/Helmet P23 Died at Scene/En Route 597 Use P24 Death Date 599 P12 Air Bag Deployed 551 P25 Death Time 601 P13 Ejection 553 P26 Related Factors – Person 603 P14 Ejection Path 555 (MV Occupant) Level P15 Extrication 557 P16 Police Reported Alcohol 559 SP1 Death Certificate Number 669 Involvement SP2 Fatal Injury at Work 671 SP3 Race/Hispanic Origin 673 A 2010 Manual Changes summary is available in electronic format. 2010 3 PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL Element Page Element Page NM3 Person Number 611 NM15 Police Reported Alcohol 641 NM4 Number of Motor Vehicles 613 Involvement Striking Non-Occupant NM16 Method of Alcohol Deter- 643 NM5 Age 615 mination By Police NM6 Sex 617 NM17 Alcohol Test 645 NM7 Person Type 619 NM18 Police Reported Drug 647 NM8 Injury Severity 621 Involvement NM9 Pedestrian/Bike Typing 625 NM19 Method of Drug Deter- 649 NM10 Non-Motorist Location at 627 mination By Police Time of Crash NM20 Drug Test 651 NM11 Non-Motorist Action/ 631 NM21 Transported to Medical 653 Circumstances Prior to Facility By Crash NM22 Died at Scene/En Route 655 NM12 Non-Motorist Action/ 635 NM23 Death Date 657 Circumstances at Time of NM24 Death Time 659 Crash NM25 Related Factors – Person 661 NM13 Non-Motorist Safety 637 (Not a MV Occupant) Equipment Level NM14 Condition (Impairment) 639 at Time of Crash SP1 Death Certificate Number 669 SP2 Fatal Injury at Work 671 SP3 Race/Hispanic Origin 673 A 2010 Manual Changes summary is available in electronic format. 4 2010 100. SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS 101. HOW TO SUBMIT Each case must have at least one person level form with INJURY SEVERITY attribute Fatal Injury. 2009 Data Enter data directly from coded FARS forms, using procedures described in the FARS MICROCOMPUTER DATA ENTRY MANUAL. 2010 Data Enter data directly from coded FARS forms (Exhibit 100-A), using procedures described in the FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual (MDE Manual). 102. WHEN TO SUBMIT Make submissions at anytime during the week via the Microcomputer. 103. DATA SOURCES 1. Use the ANSI D16.1 Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident for definitions in coding the FARS forms. 2. Obtain information from death certificates for persons who die as a result of injuries sustained in a motor vehicle crash. 3. Use the State Driver Licensing Files, Vehicle Registration Files, Highway Department Files, Crash Reports and Vital Statistics Reports. 4. See the FARS MDE manual for instructions on obtaining data and responding to requests for data on vehicles and drivers not registered or licensed in your state. 5. The message system should be used to obtain data on involved Out-of- State drivers and vehicles. 2010 5 CRASH LEVEL FORM 6 2010 VEHICLE LEVEL FORM 2010 7 DRIVER LEVEL 8 2010 PRECRASH LEVEL 2010 9 PERSON (MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL 10 2010 PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL 2010 11 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 12 2010 200. FORM CODING INSTRUCTIONS 201. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS .1 Codes .11 All codes are numeric except TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER, ADDITIONAL STATE INFORMATION, RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER, VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER and MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. .12 All codes are on the forms except: GLOBAL POSITION, CRASH EVENTS, FIRST HARMFUL EVENT, RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER, RELATED FACTORS, VEHICLE MAKE, VEHICLE MODEL, BODY TYPE, MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, MOST HARMFUL EVENT, VIOLATIONS CHARGED, TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE, CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT), CRASH TYPE, NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH, PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING, DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER, FATAL INJURY AT WORK and RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN. See the appropriate data element pages for these codes. .13 The code for attribute Unknown is always nine. Unknown should only be used when all sources for obtaining information on an element have been searched and the information is missing or stated unknown. In an element that includes the attribute Not Reported, Unknown is only used for stated unknowns. .14 The code for attribute Not Applicable or its equivalent is always zero(s), except for data elements C28-C30 where Not Applicable (Not Notified) is 8888, P24/NM23 where Not Applicable (non-fatal) is 88888888 and P25/NM24 where Not Applicable (non-fatal) is 8888. .15 The code for attribute None is always zero except for Alcohol Test Result. .2 Coding Forms .21 Blanks are used only in fields to be later updated with four exceptions: .211 If DRIVER PRESENCE is coded “0” or “9” all other driver information except RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must be blank. 2010 13 .212 If VIN is less than seventeen characters, do not zero-fill, leave remaining characters blank. If a State is not allowed to code the entire VIN, code the partial VIN and zero-fill the characters that cannot be completed. .213 If TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER is less than 20 characters, do not zero-fill or 9-fill. Leave remaining characters blank. The second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER field is also left blank for non-junction crashes. .214 If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER is less than 9 characters, do not zero-fill or 9-fill. Leave remaining characters blank. .22 All codes are right-justified except VIN, TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER and MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. .3 Vehicle, Driver, Precrash and both Person Level Forms. These forms are automatically numbered by the system. .31 Vehicles are numbered consecutively beginning with “001.” .32 For each vehicle, persons are numbered consecutively beginning with “001.” Order is not important. The driver does not have to be “001.” .33 Persons not in motor vehicles are numbered consecutively beginning with “01.” Order is not important. .4 Miscellaneous .41 The number of changes per case is not limited. .42 Request of other States for information should always follow the format of the MDE systems Out-Of-State Data Request whether the MDE System itself or the mail is used. .43 Refer all coding questions through the CODING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM. .44 Copies of all cases or other actions submitted must be retained for 3 years after the data collection year. .45 If a State will not allow transmittal of complete VIN, send a memorandum to the COTR informing him of this fact. .5 Special Case - Coding Fatal Traffic Crashes for which there is only a death certificate. 14 2010 .51 Be sure the death occurred within thirty (30) days of the crash. If you don’t know, do not submit the case. If it occurred after 30 days, do not submit. .52 For the cases you do submit, you must complete Forms HS-214, HS-214A, HS-214B, HS-214C, HS-214D, HS-214E unless you have been granted an exemption. .6 Code the required elements as follows: The following elements must be coded. If any of these elements are left blank or if an edit check is violated which involves the coding of one of these elements, you will not have a usable FARS case. Crash Level (Form HS-214) Crash Date - Appropriate Day, Month and Year Crash Time - Appropriate hour and minute if known, 9999 if not known Number of Forms Submitted for Persons Not In Motor Vehicles - 01-99 Number of Vehicle Forms Submitted - 001-999 Number of Motor Vehicle Occupant 001-999 Forms Submitted - Crash Events - Table completed in MDE First Harmful Event - Appropriate attribute derived from table, 99 if not known Vehicle Level (Form HS-214A) Vehicle Number - 001-999 Number of Occupants - 01-96 if known, 99 if unknown Unit Type - 1-4 Driver Level (Forms HS-214B) Vehicle Number - 001-999 Driver Presence - Appropriate attribute if known, 9 if unknown 2010 15 Precrash Form (Form HS-214C) Vehicle Number - 001-999 if occupant Crash Type - 01-99 Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) (Form HS-214D) Vehicle Number - 001-999 if occupant Person Number - 001-999 Person Type - 01-03, 09, 88 for occupants Person Level (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) (Form HS-214E) Person Number - 001-999 Number of Motor 001-999 Vehicles Striking Non- Motorist Person Type - 04-08, 10, 19, 88 for non-occupants .61 Code all other elements with the proper attribute if information is known. If no information is known, code the items Unknown or Not Reported. There are three exceptions to this, Rollover, Emergency Use and Fire Occurrence should all use the attribute “0” (No Rollover, No and No or Not Reported, respectively). 202. DELETION INSTRUCTIONS See FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual for instructions on how to delete a case. 203. REQUEST FOR CASE LISTING INSTRUCTIONS See FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual for instructions on how to list a case. 16 2010 300. DATA ELEMENT CODING INSTRUCTIONS 301. SECTION ORGANIZATION .1 For each element on the FARS forms, an instruction page follows in the order of the elements on the forms. In an element that is duplicated on more the one form, the instructions are provided in the first occurrence of the element with reference to the second occurrence. .11 The letters in the upper right hand corner refer to the forms: ‘C’ – Crash Level Form ‘V’ – Vehicle Level Form ‘D’ – Driver Level Form PC’ – Precrash Level Form ‘P’ – Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) Form ‘NM’ – Person Level (Not A Motor Vehicle Occupant) Form .12 The Format section gives the type element and whether it must be coded for an original case or whether it can be changed. .13 The Element Value section lists the attributes for the element and their associated codes. .14 The Remarks section contains coding instructions, special instructions, etc., for the element. 2010 17 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 18 2010 C1, V1, D1 PC1, P1, NM1 STATE NUMBER GES: XXX FARS:C1,V1, Screen Heading: Not a GES Element D1, PC1, Screen Name: P1,NM1 Format: 2 numeric Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 01 Alabama X X X 02 Alaska X X X 04 Arizona X X X 05 Arkansas X X X 06 California X X X 08 Colorado X X X 09 Connecticut X X X 10 Delaware X X X 11 District of Columbia X X X 12 Florida X X X 13 Georgia X X X 15 Hawaii X X X 16 Idaho X X X 17 Illinois X X X 18 Indiana X X X 19 Iowa X X X 20 Kansas X X X 21 Kentucky X X X 22 Louisiana X X X 23 Maine X X X 24 Maryland X X X 25 Massachusetts X X X 26 Michigan X X X 27 Minnesota X X X 28 Mississippi X X X 29 Missouri X X X 30 Montana 2010 19 C1, V1, D1 PC1, P1, NM1 X X X 31 Nebraska X X X 32 Nevada X X X 33 New Hampshire X X X 34 New Jersey X X X 35 New Mexico X X X 36 New York X X X 37 North Carolina X X X 38 North Dakota X X X 39 Ohio X X X 40 Oklahoma X X X 41 Oregon X X X 42 Pennsylvania X X X 43 Puerto Rico X X X 44 Rhode Island X X X 45 South Carolina X X X 46 South Dakota X X X 47 Tennessee X X X 48 Texas X X X 49 Utah X X X 50 Vermont X X X 51 Virginia X X X 52 Virgin Islands X X X 53 Washington X X X 54 West Virginia X X X 55 Wisconsin X X X 56 Wyoming Remarks: None. 20 2010 C2, V2, D2 PC2, P2, NM2 CONSECUTIVE NUMBER GES: XXX FARS:C2, V2, Screen Heading: Not a GES Element D2, PC2, Screen Name: P2, NM2 Format: 4 numeric Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0001- Assigned Number 9999 Remarks: Please complete FARS forms with the MDE assigned case number. 2010 21 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 22 2010 CRASH LEVEL Element Page Element Page C3 Number of Forms Submitted 23 C17 Crash Events 51 For Persons Not In Motor C18 First Harmful Event 63 Vehicles C19 Manner of Collision 75 C4 Number of Vehicle Forms 25 C20 Relation to Junction 77 Submitted C21 Type of Intersection 85 C5 Number of Motor Vehicle 27 C22 Relation to Trafficway 89 Occupant Forms Submitted C23 Work Zone 95 C6 County 29 C24 Light Condition 97 C7 City 29 C25 Atmospheric Conditions 99 C8 Crash Date 31 C26 School Bus Related 101 C9 Crash Time 33 C27 Rail Grade Crossing 103 C10 National Highway System 35 Identifier C11 Roadway Function Class 37 C28 Notification Time EMS 105 C12 Route Signing 39 C29 Arrival Time EMS 107 C13 Trafficway Identifier 41 C30 EMS Time at Hospital 109 C14 Milepoint 45 C31 Related Factors – Crash 111 C15 Global Position 47 Level C16 Special Jurisdiction 49 Additional State Information 117 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C3 NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR VEHICLES GES: A04 FARS:C3 Screen Heading: PAR Configuration Questions Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Number of Non-Motorists (15-R) Long Name: How many non-motorists are involved in the crash? SAS Name: Accident.Non_Invl Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.NumNonMotorists ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0-98 01-99 Actual Number Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This count will match exactly the persons counted in the case structure field “Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles” (formerly called “Number of Non-Motorist Forms Submitted”). Occupants of any motor vehicle in-transport, parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles, working motor vehicles, or motor vehicles in motion outside the trafficway will not be counted in this field. The count for this field includes: 1. Occupants of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device (persons riding in an animal-drawn conveyance, on an animal, injured occupants of railway trains) - Person Type (NM7) attribute Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device. 2. Pedestrians, Bicyclists and Other Cyclists - Person Type (NM7) attributes: “05, 06 and 07.” 3. Other Persons on Personal Conveyances (i.e., skaters, wheel chair occupants) – Person (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) form Person Type attribute Person on Personal Conveyances. Any injured persons outside the trafficway that are not in a motor vehicle (in buildings) - Person (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) form Person Type attribute Persons In/On Buildings. 2010 23 C3 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The value entered must equal the number of non-motorists involved in the crash. Non- motorists are generally listed in the vehicle section on the PAR. Non-motorists include: occupants of a motor vehicle not in-transport, occupants of non-motor vehicle transport devices, pedestrians, bicyclists, other cyclists, persons on personal conveyances and persons in/on buildings. See GES-P03, Person Type (Non-Motorists) for definitions. The maximum number of non-motorists that can be coded is 98. If more than 98 non-motorists are involved code only the first 98. 24 2010 C4 NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED GES: A03 FARS:C4 Screen Heading: PAR Configuration Questions Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Number of In-Transport Motor Vehicles (10-R) Long Name: How many in-transport motor vehicles are in the crash? SAS Name: Accident.Veh_Invl Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.Numvehs ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-100 001- 999 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This element records all motor vehicles which the officer has reported on the Police Accident Report (PAR) as a unit involved in the crash, regardless of whether the motor vehicle was a hit-and-run vehicle, an involved motor vehicle that had left the scene of the crash, etc. Included are: in-transport vehicles, not in-transport vehicles (parked/stopped off roadway/working motor vehicles) or vehicles located outside the trafficway boundaries. Remember all vehicles that are part of the unstabilized situation are part of the crash. Therefore, when recording the number of vehicles involved, the vehicles need not make contact with one another. They need only have a harmful event as part of the unstabilized situation. For example, two vehicles are traveling through an intersection when a pedestrian steps into the roadway. The first vehicle strikes the pedestrian and the second vehicle swerves to avoid the first, loses control and overturns. Both vehicles in this situation are “contact” vehicles; therefore, this is a two-vehicle crash. IMPORTANT: Remember, you must have at least one motor vehicle “In-Transport” involved in the crash for this to be a reportable FARS case. 2010 25 C4 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Each crash must have at least one in-transport motor vehicle involved. The value entered must equal the total number of in-transport motor vehicles involved in the crash. Vehicles not in- transport are not included in this variable’s count. In order for a vehicle to be considered in-transport, the motor vehicle must be either (1) on the roadway or (2) in motion. This includes driverless vehicles. When one motor vehicle is towing another, the number of motor vehicles entered depends on the type of linkage between the vehicles. A fixed linkage is defined as one which has the property of keeping the towed unit separated from the power unit by a distance which is essentially constant. Included within this definition are cradle linkages where the towed unit has two or more wheels off the ground. A non-fixed linkage (such as a rope or a chain) requires the towed unit to be manually controlled. If the PAR indicates (probably in the narrative section) the linkage between the units is fixed, consider the towed unit as cargo throughout the entire crash sequence, regardless of subsequent events/impacts sustained by the towed unit. In other words, a vehicle towed by a fixed linkage: (1) is never considered as an in-transport vehicle, and (2) will be considered as cargo associated with the power unit. If the linkage between the units is non-fixed, each vehicle is considered to be in-transport, and only the vehicle(s) involved in the crash sequence can be counted. If no information is available regarding type of linkage, assume fixed linkage. Hit-and-run crashes may cause some confusion on this variable. The count is increased for each in-transport motor vehicle involved in the crash independent of the amount of information collected on the vehicles by the police. A vehicle stopped off the roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport. 26 2010 C5 NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT FORMS SUBMITTED GES: XXX FARS:C5 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element. Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: : SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 001- 999 Remarks: A Person Level form must be submitted for all persons involved in the crash, except for: 1) uninjured bus passengers (excluding van-based bus passengers); and 2) uninjured railway train occupants. Always submit a Person Level (MV Occupant) form for the bus driver regardless of injury and any injured passengers, as well as any injured railway train occupants. Before 2003, the policy was not to submit a Person Level form for uninjured occupants of van- based buses. This policy has changed beginning in 2003. Always submit a Person Level form for all occupants of van-based vehicles, including van-based buses. Submit a Person Level form for persons in a hit-and-run vehicle. If no information is known, code all elements as Unknown. 2010 27 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 28 2010 C6, C7 COUNTY/CITY GES: XXX FARS:C6, C7 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: one set 3 numeric, one set 4 Screen Name: numeric Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS County: X X X 000 Not Applicable X X X 001- GSA Codes 996 X X X 997 Other X X X 998 Not Reported X X X 999 Unknown City: X X X 0000 Not Applicable X X X 0001- GSA Codes 9996 X X X 9997 Other X X X 9898 Not Reported X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: The crash location refers to the location of the unstabilized event. COUNTY and CITY are considered one field. Both must be submitted at the same time. If COUNTY only is known, CITY may be Unknown. Code CITY as Not Applicable if the crash does not occur within city limits. Code CITY as Other if CITY is other than those given by the GSA Codes. 2010 29 C6, C7 Code CITY as Unknown if crash location is unknown. Code COUNTY as Other if COUNTY is other than those given by the GSA Codes. Code COUNTY as Unknown if location is unknown. In general, Not Applicable should be used when there is no GSA code for the crash location. Other should be used when the Analyst knows there is a GSA code for the location, but the attribute does not appear on the master GSA code list provided by Headquarters. Both situations should be reported to Headquarters. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 30 2010 C8 CRASH DATE GES: A01 FARS:C8 Screen Heading: PAR Format: 2 sets of 2 numeric and 1 set of 4 Screen Name: Crash Date (7-E) numeric Long Name: What is the crash date? SAS Name: Accident.Month, Accident.Weekday, Accident.Year Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.CrashDate ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-12 01-12 Month 1-31 01-31 Date Current Current Year 4 digit (pre- year printed) 98 Not Reported Remarks: If the PAR indicates that the crash (usually a hit-and-run) occurred between some PM and AM time (e.g., 8:00 PM and 6:00 AM) on either a preceding or following day, code the crash as occurring on the following day. If a range of days is indicated (e.g., between Sunday and Friday), code the last date of the range (e.g., Friday). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: In cases where the crash date is reported as Unknown on the PAR, refer to the death certificate for the death date to establish the crash date. 2010 31 C8 See remarks “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time (FARS-C9/GES-A02). GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The date of the crash is rolled up from NASS sampling program. If the date of the crash is unknown, use the date the crash was reported. If the time of the crash is unknown, record the time as 9999. If the month cannot be determined from the PAR, enter the month of the Ending Contact Date from the Inventory Record. If the crash date on the PAR does not match the crash date shown on the data entry screen and it is determined that the crash date on the PAR is correct, the crash date is corrected. 32 2010 C9 CRASH TIME GES: A02 FARS:C9 Screen Heading: PAR Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Crash Time (8-E) Long Name: What is the crash time? SAS Name: Accident.Hour, Accident.Minute Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.CrashTime ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 00-23 Hours 99 Unknown Hours 00-59 Minutes 99 Unknown Minutes 0000- Valid military time (Code midnight as “0000”) 2359 9997 9998 Not Reported 9999 Unknown Remarks: Enter time as shown on the PAR. All available information in the case materials should be used to determine Crash Time. If the hour cannot be determined, then enter Unknown. If the PAR indicates the crash occurred during some time interval of greater than one hour (e.g., 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM, or 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM), enter Unknown. However, if the interval is one hour or less, code the midpoint of the interval. Examples: • 8:00 PM to 9:00 PM, enter 2030 • 8:30 PM to 9:30 PM, enter 2100 • 8:50 PM to 9:30 PM, enter 2110 When the time is available but AM versus PM is not shown on the PAR, base the time on Light Condition (e.g., time is 10:00, Light Condition is Dark - Not Lighted; code as 2200). Midnight or 12 AM is coded as 0000 in military time and is the start of a new day. One minute after midnight is 12:01 and is coded as 0001. 2010 33 C9 AM - Starts at 00:00 Midnight PM - Starts at 12:00 Noon If the case materials state the crash occurred at the beginning or early moments of the day, midnight is coded as 0000. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If the day of the crash and the day of EMS Notification do not have the same date, then be sure to use Date of Accident and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day in Related Factors – Crash Level (FARS-C31). How to Code Midnight: In general, code midnight as 0000. However, there may be confusion over which day midnight falls into. Crash Time is recorded between 00:00-23:59. Midnight is coded as 0000 to represent the beginning of a new day. This may not be the practice followed in your sources. Therefore, you have to determine which part of the day is being considered in your sources. End of Day If your data sources give you a Crash Date and are consistent in talking about the end of that day, when they give the time of the crash as midnight, 12:00-midnight, 24:00 or 00:00, then you should code Crash Time as 2359. Beginning of Day If your sources give a Crash Date and are consistent in referring to the beginning or early moments of that day when they give a crash time, code midnight as 0000. See remarks-Notification/Arrival Time EMS, EMS Arrival At Hospital (FARS-C28-C30). GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The time of the crash is rolled up from the NASS sampling program. If the time on the PAR does not match the crash time shown on the data entry screen and it is determined that the crash time on the PAR is correct, the crash time is corrected. 34 2010 C10 NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM GES: XXX FARS:C10 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 This section IS NOT on the NHS X X X 1 This section IS ON the NHS X X X 9 Unknown if this section is on the NHS Remarks: The National Highway System includes the Interstate System, and consists of principal arterial system routes and some Strategic Highway Network connectors functionally classified below principal arterial. Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway Department must be used. No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the F.H.W.A. classification to Regional State Assignee. 2010 35 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 36 2010 C11 ROADWAY FUNCTION CLASS GES: XXX FARS:C11 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 01 Rural-Principal Arterial – Interstate X X X 02 Rural-Principal Arterial – Other X X X 03 Rural-Minor Arterial X X X 04 Rural-Major Collector X X X 05 Rural-Minor Collector X X X 06 Rural-Local Road or Street X X X 09 Rural-Unknown Rural X X X 11 Urban-Principal Arterial – Interstate X X X 12 Urban-Principal Arterial – Other Freeways or Expressways X X X 13 Urban-Other Principal Arterial X X X 14 Urban-Minor Arterial X X X 15 Urban-Collector X X X 16 Urban-Local Road or Street X X X 19 Urban-Unknown Urban X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: NON-JUNCTION CRASHES Assign the crash to the trafficway on which the first harmful event occurred. If the first harmful event occurred on private property, assign the crash to the trafficway on which the vehicle was traveling when the Unstabilized Situation began. INTERSECTION CRASHES (Not Within an Interchange) In an at-intersection crash, assign the crash to the highest function class of trafficway at the intersection. 2010 37 C11 If the vehicles are traveling on different roadways of equal class, assign the crash to the roadway on which the motor vehicle precipitating the crash is traveling. INTERSECTION CRASHES (Within an Interchange) Interchange crashes that occur in an intersection of a ramp that connects a higher and a lower class trafficway should be assigned to the highest-class trafficway. For example: vehicle #1 strikes vehicle #2 in the intersection of the I-270 ramp and US-10. Code Roadway Function Class as “01” or “11” (Principal Arterial – Interstate). Ramps are part of the highest class of trafficway to which they connect. Therefore, if a crash occurs on a ramp, including in the merge/diverge lanes, and it is not an Intersection crash, it is assigned to the highest class of trafficway to which the ramp connects. Example: vehicle #1 overturns on the ramp of I-270 and US-10. Code Roadway Function Class “01” or “11” (Principal Arterial – Interstate). This includes intersection-related and entrance/exit ramp related crashes for Relation to Junction. OTHER CRASHES (Within an Interchange) For other crashes that occur within an interchange, other than intersection crashes, code Roadway Function class for the trafficway on which the vehicles were traveling. Example, vehicle #1 strikes vehicle #2 on US-10 bridge within the I-270 interchange (not in the intersection of any ramp, or on any ramp). Code Roadway Function Class for US-10 and not I-270. QUESTIONABLE CASES In any questionable case, the higher function class takes precedence. Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway Department must be used. No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the F.H.W.A. classification to Regional State Assignee. 38 2010 C12 ROUTE SIGNING GES: XXX FARS:C12 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Interstate X X X 2 U.S. Highway X X X 3 State Highway X X X 4 County Road X X X 5 Local Street - Township X X X 6 Local Street - Municipality X X X 7 Local Street - Frontage Road X X X 8 Other X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Before coding this element, be certain of which trafficway is to be coded. If there is any question, refer to the remarks section of FARS-C11 – Roadway Function Class for a hierarchy for selecting the appropriate trafficway to be coded. Code ALL Crash Level highway elements on the Crash Level form with regard to this same trafficway. CODING FRONTAGE ROADS If the crash occurs on a frontage road which is part of a larger, higher order trafficway (such as Interstate, U.S. Highway or State Route), use the following guideline to code the highway elements: • Code Trafficway Identifier and Roadway Function Class for the Interstate, US Highway or State Route • Code Route Signing Frontage Road 2010 39 C12 Make sure to include the highway designation in Trafficway Identifier when using Frontage Road. See Trafficway Identifier (FARS-C13). If the Frontage Road is a separate trafficway, code all highway elements for that trafficway. Frontage Road is not used. Other includes ‘Other Limited Access’ and ‘Other Major Artery.’ Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway Department must be used. No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the F.H.W.A. classification to Regional State Assignee. 40 2010 C13 TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER GES: XXX FARS:C13 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 sets, 20 alphanumeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X Actual Posted Number, Assigned Number, or Common Name (if no posted or assigned number) except: X X X 9s Unknown Remarks: Beginning in 2004, a second trafficway identifier was added to accommodate intersection and intersection-related crashes where the officer provides the identifier for the second trafficway. (See diagram below.) For Non-Junction Crashes: Code the trafficway identifier from the police report or highway department in the top row. Leave the bottom row blank. For Intersection Crashes (Not Within an Interchange Area): Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway with the highest function class in the top row. Code the second trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the police, in the bottom row. If the vehicles are traveling on different roadways of equal class, assign the crash to the roadway on which the motor vehicle precipitating the crash is traveling and record this roadway in the top row. 2010 41 C13 For Intersection-Related Crashes (Not Within an Interchange Area): Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway provided by the police in the top row. This does not necessarily have to be the highest functional class. In all cases, this will be the trafficway where the first harmful event occurred or the Unstabilized Situation began. Code the second trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the police, in the bottom row. For Intersection Crashes Within an Interchange Area: If the first harmful event occurs within the intersection of a ramp and the surface roadway: • Code the trafficway identifier provided on the police report or highway log in the top row (this does not necessarily have to be the highest function class). • Code Route Signing for the trafficway in the top row. • It is important to code the Roadway Function Class and National Highway System for the highest class of trafficway at this intersection. (See FARS-C11 – Roadway Function Class). • Use the bottom row to record the second trafficway identifier provided by the police for this intersection. For Intersection-Related Crashes Within an Interchange Area: Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway provided by the police in the top row. In many cases, this will be the trafficway where the first harmful event occurred or the Unstabilized Situation began. Code the second trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the police, in the bottom row. For Ramp Crashes: If the crash occurs on the ramp or is related to the ramp, include the word “RAMP” and/or the ramp ID number after the trafficway’s identifier (e.g., I-10 RAMP). General Guidelines for Coding Trafficway Identifier: This data is obtained from the State Highway Department, or if same as that used by the State Highway Department, from the police accident report. Enter all alphabetic characters with CAPITAL LETTERS. If less than 20 characters, left-justify and do not zero-fill. • Do not enter the street address where the crash occurred. For example, 245 Elm St. would be entered as Elm Street. • Do not enter milepoints here following the trafficway even if provided on the report. Milepoints are entered in the element Milepoint. • Do not enter a cross street referenced by the investigating officer for a non-junction crash. For example if the report states, “the crash occurred on Main Street, 0.6 miles south of Girard Avenue”, Girard Avenue does not go in Trafficway Identifier 2. Trafficway Identifier 2 is reserved for intersection and intersection-related crashes. Obtained from the State Highway Department, or if same as that used by the State Highway Department, from the police accident report. If Route Signing is Interstate, you must enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway Identifier 42 2010 C13 If Route Signing is US Highway, you must enter “US-” in the first three spaces of Trafficway Identifier If Route Signing is State Highway, you must enter “SR-” in the first three spaces of Trafficway Identifier If Route Signing is other than “1, 2 or 3,” enter only the route name or identifier (and left- justify). (Example: County Route 10 would be just “10,” and “Front Street” would be “Front Street.”) (See FARShelf for common street abbreviations.) Immediately after the route designation (I-, US- or SR-), you should enter the corresponding highway number. For example, Interstate 70 should be coded as “I-70” and US 66 should be coded as “US-66.” You must use a dash in the highway designation between the capital letters and the number. If one trafficway is both, a State Highway and an Interstate Highway, Route Signing must always be coded “1-Interstate.” You should always try to obtain the route number and milepoint that correspond to the Route Signing (Interstate). (a) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for only the State Highway then code Route Signing as Interstate, enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including any letters.) Code the State Highway Milepoint under the element Milepoint. E.g.; If California business loop (CA215) is also Interstate 15, then code “I-SR215” or “I-CA215.” (b) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for both the State Highway and the Interstate Highway, enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed by the Interstate number. You may then also enter the State Highway Identifier anywhere after the Interstate route number. Code the Interstate Milepoint under the element Milepoint. E.g.; “I-15” (SR215) or “I-15” (CA215) Similarly, if a State Highway is also a US Highway, Route Signing must always be coded “2- US Highway.” You should always try to obtain the route number and milepoint that correspond to the Route Signing (US Highway). (a) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available only for the State Highway, then code Route Signing as US Highway, enter “US-” in the first three spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including any letters). Code the State Highway Milepoint under the element Milepoint. E.g.; If Florida Route 25 is also US Route 27, then code “US-SR25” or “US-FL25.” (b) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for both the US Highway and the State Highway, enter “US-” in the first three spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed 2010 43 C13 by the US route number. You may then also enter the State Highway Identifier anywhere after the US route number. Code the US Route Milepoint under the element Milepoint. E.g.; “US-27” (SR25) or “US-27” (FL25). Overlapping Roadways of Equal Function Class For situations where you are presented with a roadway with two equal functional class identifiers for the same roadway, such as a stretch of roadway that is both US-10 and US-25, record both trafficways in Trafficway Identifier #1 using the “slash” format. The lower number trafficway should appear before the slash (e.g., “US-10/25”). This would also apply to Interstates, State and County roadways with two designations of equal class. 44 2010 C14 MILEPOINT GES: XXX FARS:C14 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 5 alphanumeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00000 None X X X Actual to Nearest Tenth Mile X X X 99998 Not Reported X X X 99999 Unknown Remarks: Refer to the remarks section under Roadway Function Class (FARS-C11) for the hierarchy of selecting the trafficway to be coded. Code the Milepoint for the respective Trafficway Identifier (FARS-C13). Obtained from the Police Accident Report (PAR) or from the State Highway Department. Code the actual Milepoint to the nearest .1 mile with decimal assumed. Right justify to assumed decimal place if less than 5 digits. For example, if Milepoint is 10, you must code “00100.” Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 45 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 46 2010 C15 GLOBAL POSITION GES: A29 FARS:C15 Screen Heading: Global Position Format: 8 numeric, 9 numeric Screen Name: Crash Data Questions screen 1 Long Name: What is the Latitude Global Position for this crash? / What is the Longitude Global Position for this crash? SAS Name: Accident.Latitude/Accident.Longitude Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.Latactual/ GES.Crashdata.Longactual ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 9s 9s 9s 9s Unknown XXXX XXXX XXXX 8s Not Available Latitude (dd.mm.ss.ss) (degrees/minutes/seconds) Longitude (ddd.mm.ss.ss) (degrees/minutes/seconds) 8s 8s 8s 7s Not Reported Remarks: “Global Position” refers to the geographic location of the crash. It is expressed in Degrees, Minutes and Seconds of Latitude; and Degrees, Minutes and Seconds of Longitude: Latitude: dd mm ss.ss (Degrees/Minutes/Seconds) Longitude: ddd mm ss.ss (Degrees/Minutes/Seconds) In some instances your source documents may display Longitude as a negative (-) number. You may disregard the minus (-) sign. Unknown is selected if the investigating officer reported that the global position of the crash was not known. Right-Justify Degrees and Minutes: Note that Longitude Degrees can be up to three digits. Code Degrees less than three digits in the right-most positions and “0’s” to the left. Code Latitude or Longitude Minutes less than two digits in the right-most position with “0’s” to the left. Examples: Longitude “77 degrees – 7 minutes - no seconds” is coded 077 07 00.00; Longitude “80 degrees - no minutes - no 2010 47 C15 seconds” is coded 080 00 00.00; Latitude “30 degrees - one minute - 30 seconds” is coded 30 01 30.00. Latitude and Longitude Seconds: Code the value of Latitude or Longitude Seconds to two significant places after the decimal. If the Latitude or Longitude Seconds precision is less than two decimal positions, enter “0’s” in the right-most positions of Seconds. Always right-justify any data before the decimal point with added “0’s” to the left (e.g., 5.1 seconds is 05.10 with no spaces before the decimal point). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The state Police Accident Report (PAR) may include the geographic location in a format compatible with this element, or the State Highway Department may be able to provide it from a state Geographic Information System (GIS) or Global Positioning System (GPS). A Geo-locator tool is available on the FARS microcomputer to assist generating latitude and longitude when they are not available through state sources. If data is unknown, code all “9’s.” For example, if you are in a state that does record geographic location coordinates, but you don’t have those coordinates, and the Geo-locator tool cannot provide the coordinates, the data is unknown. Code the complete valid Latitude and Longitude, if available, if not blank and if not unknown. You must code valid Latitude or Longitude minutes and seconds when coding a valid value for Latitude or Longitude degrees. (For example: Latitude - 38 99 99.99 is invalid.) GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This data element is only coded if it is present on the PAR, otherwise code as Not Reported. 48 2010 C16 SPECIAL JURISDICTION GES: XXX FARS: C16 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 No Special Jurisdiction X X X 1 National Park Service X X X 2 Military X X X 3 Indian Reservation X X X 4 College/University Campus* X X X 5 Other Federal Properties* X X X 8 Other X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Road must be under the regulation of Special Jurisdiction, although it may be patrolled by state, county or local police forces. There is a difference between a National Park and National Forest. Only areas described as National Parks should be National Park Service. State parks should be coded as Other and National Forests should be coded as No Special Jurisdiction. State highways running through Indian Reservations must be coded as Indian Reservation. * These values are unlikely occurrences and will raise an error flag. 2010 49 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 50 2010 C17 CRASH EVENTS GES: E01-E06 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Events Format: (Completed in MDE) Screen Name: (See Below) Long Name: (See Below) SAS Name: (See Below) Oracle Name: (See Below) Remarks: The Crash Events table records in chronological sequence, the set of events resulting from an unstabilized situation that constitutes a motor vehicle traffic crash. The “crash” is concluded in time when all events which originate from the unstabilized situation are stabilized. The Crash Events table is designed to provide a coded description of all qualifying events which occurred in the crash. With this coded chronological sequence of qualified crash events, traffic safety analysts can review the entire series of events involving in-transport motor vehicles. Various areas of concern to the highway safety community can be easily assessed using this data. For instance, the injury severity in crashes can be assessed relative to the number and type of impacts involved. Likewise, certain collision configurations that may create a greater hazardous condition for the occupants can be identified. Other possible areas of analysis would be the mix of vehicles sizes or the types of objects the different classes of vehicles impact. To complete the Crash Events table, each event for each vehicle is recorded in the order in which they occur, time-wise, based on the description of the crash from the crash report narrative, diagram or other relevant case materials. Crash Events includes both harmful and non-harmful events that occur in the crash. Recording of Crash Events ends at the last harmful event of the entire crash. Therefore, a non-harmful event (e.g., Crossing the Centerline) that occurs following the last harmful event of the crash will not be included. The Crash Events table is completed based on the actions of the in-transport motor vehicle(s) in the case. Consequently, other involved traffic units (parked motor vehicle, pedestrian, etc.) are only identified in the events for the in-transport motor vehicle that contacted it. If the crash report includes an event that involves only not in-transport motor vehicles and/or non- motorists, that specific event is not entered as an event in the coded crash sequence. 2010 51 C17 Examples Include: • Not in-transport vehicle impacts pedestrian, other not in-transport vehicle, or fixed object • Pedestrian or pedalcyclist impacts an object, a not in-transport vehicle, other non- motorist *Note: Data recorded in the Crash Events table is used to derive the following data elements: 1. First Harmful Event (FHE) – the first injury or damage producing event in each crash. 2. Areas of Impact / Initial (AOI/Initial) – the first Areas of Impact value for each vehicle 3. Sequence of Events (SOE) – all events (harmful and non-harmful) associated with each in-transport motor vehicle in the table. GES Elements E01-E06 Table Columns E01 Event E02 Vehicle E03 Areas E06 E04/A06 Non- E05 Areas Number Number of Impact Action Harmful Event, of Impact (This (This Non-collision (Other Vehicle) Vehicle) Category or Vehicle) Object Contacted/ Harmful Event FARS C17 Table Columns Vehicle Areas of Sequence of Vehicle Areas of Number Impact Events (SOE) Number (Other Impact (Other (This Vehicle) (This Vehicle) Vehicle) Vehicle) 52 2010 C17 GES: E01 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Event Number Event Number Format: (Completed in Screen Name: Event Number (N) MDE) Long Name: None SAS Name: Event.Eventnum Oracle Name: GES.Events.EventNumber Element Values SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-100 001- Actual Number 999 Remarks: This is a computer assigned number beginning with ‘001.’ The event number(s) show the chronological sequence of the qualifying harmful and non-harmful events in the crash. Qualifying events are those which involve an in-transport motor vehicle or an object set in motion by an in-transport motor vehicle. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: In the MDE system this will be the row position and not displayed as a column in the entry table. 2010 53 C17 GES: E02/V01 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Vehicle Number (This Vehicle) Vehicle Number (This Vehicle) Screen Name: Vehicle (100-R) Format: (Completed in MDE) Long Name: What is the number of the “lower numbered” in- transport motor vehicle involved in this event? SAS Name: Event.Vehnum, Vehicle.Vehno Oracle Name: GES.Events.VehicleID, GES.Vehicle.VehicleNumber Element Values SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-100 001- Actual Number 999 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Enter the number of the in-transport motor vehicle associated with the event in the Sequence of Events column of the Crash Events Table. Vehicles are assigned the PAR’s vehicle number unless a vehicle number from the PAR is not used in the case (e.g., non-contact vehicle). See Remarks under Sequence of Events element. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The in-transport motor vehicles within a crash are numbered sequentially beginning with 1; no numbers are skipped. In-transport motor vehicles are assigned the PAR’s vehicle number unless a number is skipped. The vehicle number entered is for the in-transport motor vehicle involved in this event with the lower vehicle number. However, if the event is an impact between a vehicle and an object set in motion by another vehicle, the number of the vehicle which set the object in motion is entered, even if it is the higher number. 54 2010 C17 GES: E03/V24 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Areas of Impact (This Vehicle) Areas of Impact (This Vehicle) Screen Name: Areas of Impact - This Vehicle (102-R) Format: (Completed in MDE) Long Name: What is the area of impact for this vehicle? SAS Name: Event.Gad, Vehicle.Impact Oracle Name: GES.Events.VehiclePlaneID ELEMENT VALUES* SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 55 27000 XX Non-Harmful Event 0 26859 20 00 Non-Collision 1-12 1-12 21-32 01-12 Clock Points 13 13 33 13 Top 14 14 34 14 Undercarriage 61 61 61 61 Left 62 62 62 62 Left-Front Half 63 63 63 63 Left-Back Half 81 81 81 81 Right 82 82 82 82 Right-Front Half 83 83 83 83 Right-Back Half 18 18 38 18 Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point) 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Identifies the contact point (if applicable) for the vehicle coded in Vehicle Number (This Vehicle) associated with this event. If the event is a Collision event, code the value that identifies the impact area or indicates this vehicle set an object in motion. If the event is a Non-Collision event, use the attribute Non-Collision. If the event is a Non-Harmful event, then skip entry of an Areas of Impact (This Vehicle) value for that event. *See Vehicle Level data element Areas of Impact for attribute Remarks. The data element Areas of Impact Initial (AOI/Initial) is derived from the Crash Events Table and will always be the first recorded value for each vehicle in the table. 2010 55 C17 GES: E04/A06 FARS: C17/V32 Screen Heading: Non-Harmful Event, Non-Collision Category Sequence of Events or Object Contacted/Harmful Event Format: (Completed in MDE) Screen Name: Vehicle/Other (115-R) Long Name: What non-collision category or object (non-fixed or fixed) applies to this event? SAS Name: Event.Objcont, Accident.Event1 Oracle Name: GES.Events.ObjecthitID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Non-Harmful Events: 3 19461 161/na 61 Equipment Failure (blown tire, brake failure, etc.) 4 19462 162/na 62 Separation of Units 5 19463 163/na 63 Ran Off Roadway-Right 6 19464 164/na 64 Ran Off Roadway-Left 7 19465 165/na 65 Cross Median 8 19466 166/na 68 Cross Centerline 9 19467 167/na 66 Downhill Runaway 10 19468 168/na 67 Vehicle Went Airborne 11 19469 169/na 69 Re-entering Roadway 1 19451 151/na 70 Jackknife (non-harmful) 2 19460 160/na 60 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (non-harmful) Non-Collision Harmful Events: 1 10231 101/1 01 Rollover/Overturn 2 10232 102/2 02 Fire/Explosion 3 10233 103/3 03 Immersion 4 19433 104/4 04 Gas Inhalation 5 10234 105/5 51 Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) 6 19411 111/11 06 Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision) 7 19434 107/7 44 Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.) 9 10236 108/8 07 Other Non-Collision 10 10238 110/10 72 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) 10 19412 112/12 16 Thrown or Falling Object 11 19413 113/13 05 Fell/Jumped from Vehicle 56 2010 C17 Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport: 5 10234 ? 6 12 Motor Vehicle In-Transport 1 19654 154/54 54 Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport 7 10236 ? 7 55 Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway 8 10297 ? 8 X Not Reported Collision with Object Not Fixed: 1 10239 121/21 08 Pedestrian 2 10240 122/22 09 Pedalcyclist 3 10241 123/23 10 Railway Vehicle 4 10242 124/24 11 Live Animal 5 19449 149/49 49 Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance 8 10246 128/28 18 Other Object (Not Fixed) 10 19436 127/27 15 Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance 6 19131 129/29 14 Parked Motor Vehicle 7 19130 130/30 45 Working Motor Vehicle Collision with Fixed Object: 16 10263 146/46 17 Boulder 2 10249 132/32 19 Building 1 10248 131/31 58 Ground 3 10250 133/33 20 Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion 18 10271 171/71 50 Bridge Overhead Structure 19 10272 172/72 21 Bridge Pier or Support 20 10273 173/73 23 Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) 4 10274 174/74 24 Guardrail Face 5 10275 175/75 52 Guardrail End 6 10253 136/36 25 Concrete Traffic Barrier 21 10276 176/76 57 Cable Barrier 22 10277 177/77 26 Other Traffic Barrier 23 10278 178/78 59 Traffic Sign Support 24 10279 179/79 46 Traffic Signal Support 7 10280 180/80 30 Utility Pole/Light Support 25 10281 181/81 31 Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports 26 10282 182/82 32 Culvert 9 10256 139/39 33 Curb 8 10283 183/83 34 Ditch 10 10257 140/40 35 Embankment 11 10258 141/41 38 Fence 12 10259 142/42 39 Wall 13 10260 143/43 40 Fire Hydrant 14 10261 144/44 41 Shrubbery 15 10262 145/45 42 Tree (Standing Only) 27 10284 184/84 48 Snow Bank 2010 57 C17 28 10285 185/85 53 Mail Box 17 10265 158/58 43 Other Fixed Object Not Reported and Unknown: X 10297 197/97 98 Not Reported 19 10267 999/99 99 Unknown Remarks: The event related to the motor vehicle in-transport identified in Vehicle Number (This Vehicle) as documented in the crash report narrative, diagram or other relevant case materials, regardless of injury or property damage. *See Sequence of Events element for Attribute Remarks 58 2010 C17 GES: E04/V01 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle) Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle) Screen Name: Vehicle/Other (118-R) Format: (Completed in MDE) Long Name: What is the number of the “higher numbered” in- transport motor vehicle involved in this event? SAS Name: Event.Objcont, Vehicle.Vehno Oracle Name: GES.Events.ObjecthitID, GES.Vehicle.VehicleNumber Element Values SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X 1-100 001- Actual Number 999 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This identifies the vehicle number of the vehicle contacted by the motor vehicle in-transport recorded in “Vehicle Number (This Vehicle).” This field is applicable only when the event is a collision between two motor vehicles (i.e., Sequence of Events codes 12, 54, 55, 14 or 45). If the event is not a collision between two motor vehicles, then Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle) is not applicable and left blank. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If the event involves an in-transport motor vehicle, identify the vehicle number here. The in- transport motor vehicles within a crash are numbered sequentially beginning with 1; no numbers are skipped. In-transport motor vehicles are assigned the PAR's vehicle number unless a number is skipped. The vehicle number entered is for the in-transport motor vehicle involved in this event with the higher vehicle number. However, if the event is an impact between a vehicle and an object set in motion by another vehicle, the number of the vehicle involved in the impact with the object set in motion is entered, even if it is the lower vehicle number. 2010 59 C17 GES: E05/V24 FARS: C17 Screen Heading: Areas of Impact (Other Vehicle) Areas of Impact (Other . Vehicle) Screen Name: Areas of Impact - Other Vehicle (120-R) Format: (Completed in MDE) Long Name: What is the area of impact for the other vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Impact, Event.Objgad Oracle Name: GES.Events.ObjectPlaneID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS N/A N/A XX Non-Harmful Event X X 20 00 Non-Collision 1-12 1-12 21-32 01-12 Clock Points 13 13 33 13 Top 14 14 34 14 Undercarriage 61 61 61 61 Left 62 62 62 62 Left-Front Half 63 63 63 63 Left-Back Half 81 81 81 81 Right 82 82 82 82 Right-Front Half 83 83 83 83 Right-Back Half 18 18 38 18 Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point) 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Identifies the contact point (if applicable) for the vehicle coded in “E04/V01, Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)” (GES) or “Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)” (FARS). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If the event is not a collision between two motor vehicles, then Areas of Impact (Other Vehicle) is not applicable and left blank. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If the event is not a collision between two motor vehicles in-transport, then Areas of Impact (Other Vehicle) is not applicable and left blank. 60 2010 C17 *See Vehicle Level data element, Areas of Impact, for attribute Remarks. The data element Areas of Impact Initial (AOI/Initial) is derived from the Crash Events Table and will always be the first recorded value for each vehicle in the table. GES: E06 FARS: XXX Screen Heading: Action Action Format: Not a FARS Screen Name: Action (105-R) element. Long Name: What is the action for this event? SAS Name: Event.E_Action Oracle Name: GES.Events.VehActionID ELEMENT VALUES* SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10228 1 X Non-Collision 2 10229 2 X Collision With Object Not Fixed 3 10230 3 X Collision With Fixed Object 4 10233 4 X Non-harmful Event 5 10234 6 X Motor Vehicle In-Transport 6 10235 9 X Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport 7 10236 7 X Motor Vehicle in motion outside the trafficway 8 10297 8 X Not Reported Remarks: Identifies the category that applies to the event or vehicle recorded in “E04 Non-Collision Category or Object Contacted / Harmful Event.” *See Sequence of Events element for Attribute Remarks 2010 61 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 62 2010 C18 FIRST HARMFUL EVENT GES: E04/A06 FARS: C18 Screen Heading: Events Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Vehicle/Other (115-R) Long Name: What non-collision category or object (non-fixed or fixed) applies to this event? SAS Name: Accident.Event1, Accident.Man_Col Oracle Name: GES.Events.ObjecthitID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Non-Collision Harmful Events: 1 10231 101/1 01 Rollover/Overturn 2 10232 102/2 02 Fire/Explosion 3 10233 103/3 03 Immersion 4 19433 104/4 04 Gas Inhalation 5 10234 105/5 51 Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) 6 19411 111/11 06 Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision) 7 19434 107/7 44 Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.) 9 10236 108/8 07 Other Non-Collision 10 10238 110/10 16 Thrown or Falling Object 10 19412 112/12 72 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) 11 19413 113/13 05 Fell/Jumped from Vehicle Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport: 5 10234 ? 6? 12 Motor Vehicle In-Transport 1 19654 154/54 54 Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport 7 10236 ? 7? 55 Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway Collision with Object Not Fixed: 1 10239 121/21 08 Pedestrian 2 10240 122/22 09 Pedalcyclist 3 10241 123/23 10 Railway Vehicle 2010 63 C18 4 10242 124/24 11 Live Animal 5 19449 149/49 49 Ridden Animal or Animal Drawn Conveyance 8 10246 128/28 18 Other Object (Not Fixed) 10 19436 127/27 15 Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance 6 19131 129/29 14 Parked Motor Vehicle 7 19130 130/30 45 Working Motor Vehicle Collision with Fixed Object: 16 10263 146/46 17 Boulder 2 10249 132/32 19 Building 1 10248 131/31 58 Ground 3 10250 133/33 20 Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion 18 10271 171/71 50 Bridge Overhead Structure 19 10272 172/72 21 Bridge Pier or Support 20 10273 173/73 23 Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) 4 10274 174/74 24 Guardrail Face 5 10275 175/75 52 Guardrail End 6 10253 136/36 25 Concrete Traffic Barrier 21 10276 176/76 57 Cable Barrier 22 10277 177/77 26 Other Traffic Barrier 23 10278 178/78 59 Traffic Sign Support 24 10279 179/79 46 Traffic Signal Support 7 10280 180/80 30 Utility Pole/Light Support 25 10281 181/81 31 Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports 26 10282 182/82 32 Culvert 9 10256 139/39 33 Curb 8 10283 183/83 34 Ditch 10 10257 140/40 35 Embankment 11 10258 141/41 38 Fence 12 10259 142/42 39 Wall 13 10260 143/43 40 Fire Hydrant 14 10261 144/44 41 Shrubbery 15 10262 145/45 42 Tree (Standing Only) 27 10284 184/84 48 Snow Bank 28 10285 185/85 53 Mail Box 17 10265 158/58 43 Other Fixed Object Not Reported and Unknown: XX 10297 197/97 98 Not Reported 19 10267 999/99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element is derived from the Crash Events Table. The First Harmful Event is defined as the first injury or damage producing event of the crash. 64 2010 C18 Rollover/Overturn is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter turn onto its side or end. For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient to code Rollover/Overturn as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even though data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. Note: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover. Fire/Explosion is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash sequence or as a result of the crash. As it pertains to the occurrence of Fire/Explosion, the crash circumstances are not considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence. Immersion is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a body of water and results in injury or damage. Gas Inhalation includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport. Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit, causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants caused by the jackknife. Injured in Vehicle (non-collision) is used when an occupant is injured during an unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples: Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious. Pavement Surface Irregularity (ruts, potholes, grates, etc.) is used when the pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. If the impact is with a surface irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the attribute Ground. Other Non-Collision. Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes. 2010 65 C18 Example: Damage to the vehicle produced by its own dislodged vehicle parts (including hood flying up and contacting the windshield). Thrown or Falling Object is used when any object (1) is thrown (intentionally or unintentionally) and impacts an in-transport vehicle, or (2) falls onto, into, or in the path of an in-transport motor vehicle. If a tree limb falls from a tree and is contacted by a car, enter Thrown or Falling Object. If a person maliciously throws an object off an overpass into traffic below, enter Thrown or Falling Object. This excludes contacts made by loads or objects set in-motion by a motor vehicle (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport). Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) refers specifically to the loss or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle or trailing unit, itself. This attribute is only used when the injury- or damage-producing event in the crash is the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants. This attribute should never be used to refer to a “collision” event (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport). Example: A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup bed to smash through the rear window, causing the driver to lose control and run off the road, striking a tree. Fell/Jumped from Vehicle is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle in- transport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute. Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway. Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in- Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles should have this attribute in their Sequence of Events. In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a Motor Vehicle in-transport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered part of the vehicle. Examples: 1. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another motor vehicle in-transport, this is treated as a two-vehicle crash. Therefore, the proper code for both vehicles is Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set- in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport. 66 2010 C18 2. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another vehicle that is not in- transport, this is also treated as a two-vehicle crash; however in this example, the proper attribute is Parked Motor Vehicle or Working Motor Vehicle depending on which type of not in-transport vehicle was contacted by the load. 3. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes a pedestrian, the proper attribute would be Pedestrian. Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact outside the trafficway boundaries in a motor vehicle traffic crash. Example: A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling away from the pump in the station lot. Pedestrian is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a vehicle should be coded Pedestrian. A person being carried by another person should also be considered a Pedestrian. Pedalcyclist is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car. Railway Vehicle is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other than a railway. Inclusions: — Street car on private way Exclusions: — Street car operating on trafficway Live Animal is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device (see ANSI D16.1). Default to Live Animal if it cannot be determined if the struck animal is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device. Use Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance for ridden animals and animals drawing transport devices. See Other Object Not Fixed for an animal carcass lying in the roadway. Other Object (Not Fixed) refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines. Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance is used for pedestrians using personal conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a pedestrian for 2010 67 C18 personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling. Inclusions: 1) Rideable toys - Roller Skates, in-line skates - Skateboards - Skates - Baby carriage - Scooters - Toy Wagons 2) Motorized rideable toys - Motorized skateboard - Motorized toy car 3) Devices for personal mobility assistance - Segway-style devices - Motorized and non-motorized wheelchair - Handicapped scooters Exclusions: - Golf cart - Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs) - Go-carts - Minibike - “Pocket” motorcycles - Motor scooters - Moped Parked Motor Vehicle is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle in-transport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport. Working Motor Vehicle is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc. Examples: 1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or flattening dirt. 2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc. 3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway or maintaining a traffic signal. 68 2010 C18 4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new overpass. 5. A state, county or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway maintenance activity. 6. Street sweeper sweeping the street. 7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices warning motorists of the work activity. 8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence. NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash, mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle) to identify these vehicles. A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work activities. Boulder is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little and remains basically intact. It may be considered as a fixed object. Building is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the building. Ground is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion is a device for controlling the absorption of energy released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc. Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures. Bridge Overhead Structure is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling on a trafficway underneath it. Bridge Pier or Support is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments 2010 69 C18 which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or wood (includes the wing-walls). Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with parapet. • Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or even for a viaduct (water conduit). Guardrail Face is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from Concrete Traffic Barrier by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure. In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including concrete rails). Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as Bridge Rails. Guardrail End is coded if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face. 70 2010 C18 Concrete Traffic Barrier refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete. This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see Wall. Cable Barrier refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles within the confines of the road. Other Traffic Barrier is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and unknown barrier composition type. Traffic Sign Support is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the trafficway. Traffic Signal Support is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. Utility Pole/Light Support refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). Utility Pole/Light Support is used for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports. Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports is used for posts other than highway signs. (e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box posts, use Mail Box. Culvert is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc. Curb is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical. Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle strikes a curb. Ditch includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Embankment is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or concrete). An Embankment can usually be differentiated from a Wall by its incline whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a washout. In crashes involving a field approach or crossing, if in doubt about when to use Culvert, Ditch or Embankment use the following criteria: 2010 71 C18 a. Use Ditch if the driver would not have been able to recover from the ditch even if there had been no field approach (crossing). b. Use Embankment if the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch, but struck the field approach (crossing) prior to doing so. c. Use Embankment if it is not known whether or not the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch and a field approach (crossing) is involved. Fence includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc Wall is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included as a Wall are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion. This does not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as Bridge Pier or Support. Fire Hydrant refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire stand pipes in some areas. Shrubbery refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel. Tree (Standing Only) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes impacts from overhanging branches. If a vehicle strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use Other Object (Not Fixed). If a tree falls on a vehicle as it is passing by, use Thrown or Falling Object. Snow Bank is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments. Mail Box refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox, which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as Other Fixed Object. Other Fixed Object is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure) and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. Examples: • Bus shelters • Pedestrian walkways • Toll booths • Guy wires supporting utility poles • U. S. Mailbox for public use 72 2010 C18 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 2010 73 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 74 2010 C19 MANNER OF COLLISION GES: A07 FARS:C19 Screen Heading: Events Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Manner (60-R) Long Name: What is the manner of collision for this event? SAS Name: Accident.Man_Col Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.CollisionMannerID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26660 0 00 Not a Collision with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport 2 26661 1 01 Front-to-Rear 3 26662 2 02 Front-to-Front 5 26664 4 06 Angle 6 26665 5 07 Sideswipe-Same Direction 7 26666 6 08 Sideswipe-Opposite Direction 8 26667 7 09 Rear-to-Side 4 26663 3 10 Rear-to-Rear 9 26669 8 11 Other 11 26670 97 98 Not Reported 8 26668 9 99 Unknown Remarks: Enter the manner of collision associated with the first harmful event. Not Collision with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the first harmful event is not an impact between two in-transport motor vehicles. Front-to-Rear is used when a collision occurs between the rear of one vehicle and the front of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event must be front to back (e.g., front right/left or back left/right corners are not allowed). Front-to-Front is used when a collision occurs between the front end of one vehicle and the front end of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event must both be front (e.g., front right/left corner is not allowed). 2010 75 C19 Angle is a crash where two motor vehicles impact at an angle. For example, the front of one motor vehicle impacts the side of another motor vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event must not be front to front, front to back or back to back. Rear-To-Rear is used when a collision occurs between the rear of one vehicle and the rear of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event must both be back (e.g., back right/left corner is not allowed). Sideswipe - Same Direction is used when the case materials report that a sideswipe occurred while the two vehicles were traveling in the same direction. Sideswipe - Opposite Direction is used when the case materials report that a sideswipe occurred while the two vehicles were traveling in opposite directions. Other should be used for any collision between two motor vehicles in-transport where the collision is not described by codes “01-10,” including set-in-motion situations. Examples include: • One vehicle’s “end” swipes (endswipe) another vehicle instead of their “sides” swiping. • One vehicle is airborne and makes contact with its front or undercarriage to the other vehicle’s hood or top. • Cargo or other load on one motor vehicle in-transport shifts and lands or is thrown into/onto another vehicle. • The tire of one motor vehicle in-transport throws a stone through the windshield of another vehicle. • A vehicle occupant or motorcyclist falls or is thrown from a vehicle striking or is struck by another vehicle. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 76 2010 C20 RELATION TO JUNCTION GES: A09 FARS:C20 a/b Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 2 numeric occurring 1 time, 1 Screen Name: Interchange Area (150-R), Relation To Junction numeric occurring 1 time (155-R) Long Name: Is the first harmful event located in an interchange? Select the attribute which describes the location of the first harmful event. SAS Name: later Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.Interchange, GES.CrashData.RelJunc ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS C20a: Within Interchange Area? 0 0 0 0 No 1 1 1 1 Yes 8 8 8 8 Not Reported 9 9 9 9 Unknown C20b: Specific Location 1 1 1 01 Non-Junction 2 2 2 02 Intersection 3 3 3 03 Intersection-Related 5 5 5 05 Entrance/Exit Ramp Related 6 6 6 06 Railway Grade Crossing 7 7 7 07 Crossover-Related 4 4 4 04 Driveway Access 8 8 8 08 Driveway Access Related 16 16 16 16 Shared-Use Path or Trail 17 17 17 17 Acceleration/Deceleration Lane 18 18 18 18 Through Roadway 19 19 19 19 Other location within interchange area 98 98 98 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown 2010 77 C20 Remarks: The coding of this data element is based on the location of the first harmful event of the crash. It identifies the crash’s location with respect to presence in a junction or proximity to components typically in junction or interchange areas. It is used for site-specific safety studies to identify locations with actual or potential problems. Subfield 1 (C20a): Within Interchange Area? Interchange: An interchange is a system of interconnecting roadways in conjunction with one or more grade separations, providing for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways on different levels. No is used if the first harmful event of the crash occurs outside of the boundaries of an interchange. Yes is used if the location of the first harmful event of the crash is within an interchange area. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. Subfield 2 (C20b): Specific Location Non-Junction is used for crashes where the first harmful event occurs outside an interchange area and does not occur in or related to a junction, ramp, rail grade crossing, crossover, or shared-use path or trail. Intersection is used when the first harmful event occurs in an area which: (1) contains a crossing or connection of two or more roadways not classified as a driveway access, and (2) is embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways. Where the distance along a roadway between two areas meeting these criteria is less than 10 meters, the two areas and the roadway connecting them are considered to be parts of a single intersection. See the examples of intersections on the following pages. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: In an Intersection, within Interchange Area: if the first harmful event occurs within the intersection of a ramp and the surface roadway: It is important to always code National 78 2010 C20 Highway System and Roadway Function Class for the highest class of trafficway at this intersection. Intersection-Related means that the first harmful event: (1) occurs on an approach to or exit from an intersection, and (2) results from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units through the intersection. Note: • For crashes where the first harmful event occurs in a crosswalk, use Intersection- Related. • For Traffic Circles and Roundabouts, enter Intersection when the first harmful event occurs within the area formed by the prolongation of curb or edge lines of the approach legs of the intersection, regardless of whether or not the collision was in any way related to an intersection. Use Intersection-Related if the first harmful event occurs in the central island or any directional island which serve the rotary intersection. Entrance/Exit Ramp Related is used when the first harmful event occurs: 1. On either an entrance or exit ramp roadway, or 2. Off the roadway, but related to the use of or entry onto the ramp. Rail Grade Crossing is used when the first harmful event occurred in the area formed by the at-grade connection of a railroad bed and a roadway. Crossover-Related is used when the first harmful event occurs in a crossover or on approach to or exit from a crossover and related to the use of the crossover. Note: A crossover is the area of the median of a divided trafficway where motor vehicles are permitted to cross the opposing lane or traffic or execute a U-turn. Driveway Access is used when the first harmful event occurs: 1. on a driveway access (See ANSI D16.1 Manual 2.5.9) 2. or involves a road vehicle entering or leaving by way of a driveway access where at least one traffic unit (vehicle, pedalcyclist or pedestrian) is physically on the driveway access within the trafficway. This attribute includes crashes occurring on sidewalks within the driveway access. Examples: • A car turning into a private residence driveway strikes a bicyclist riding on the sidewalk that crosses over the driveway access. • A tractor trailer backing out of a business entrance onto the trafficway, while partially on the driveway access, is struck by a car on the roadway. Driveway Access Related is used when the first harmful event: 1. occurs on the trafficway, 2. does not occur on a Driveway Access, but 2010 79 C20 3. results from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units onto or out of a driveway (See ANSI D16.1 Manual 2.5.9.1). Examples: • A vehicle attempting to turn left into a driveway from the eastbound lanes is struck broadside by another vehicle traveling in the westbound lanes, • A vehicle that has just entered the trafficway from a driveway is struck in the rear before it can gain speed. Note: When a driveway access junction is within an intersection and the crash would meet the criteria of driveway access or driveway access related, enter Intersection if the first harmful event was within the boundaries of the intersection or Intersection-Related if it was not, but related to the intersection. Shared-Use Path or Trail is used when the first harmful event occurs at the crossing of a roadway and Shared-Use Path or Trail. At least one non-motorist has to be physically in the shared use path or trail and the crash has to be related to the use of it. If the Shared-Use Path or Trail is within the boundaries of an Intersection, then select Shared-Use Path or Trail. Note: A Shared-Use Path or Trail is a bikeway physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and either within the highway right of way or an independent right of way. Shared-use paths will also be used by pedestrians, skaters, wheelchairs, joggers and other non-motorist users. A shared-use path or trail is not a sidewalk and where a shared- use path crosses another landway is not a crosswalk. Acceleration/Deceleration Lane is used when the first harmful event occurs on the roadway in an interchange area on an auxiliary or speed-change lane that allows vehicles to accelerate to highway speeds before entering the through roadway or decelerate to safe speeds to negotiate a ramp without interrupting traffic flow on the through roadway exited. Through Roadway is used when the first harmful event occurs on the roadway within an interchange area but does not occur: Examples: 1. In an intersection or related to an intersection 2. On an Entrance/Exit Ramp or related to the use of a the ramp 3. In an Acceleration/Deceleration Lane Other location within interchange area is used when the first harmful event occurs within an Interchange, off of the roadway (e.g. median, shoulder, roadside) and is not related to the use of or the entry onto a ramp. Examples: • A vehicle on the Through Roadway portion of the interchange departs the roadway and overturns in the median. 80 2010 C20 • A vehicle leaves the Through Roadway portion of the interchange and strikes a vehicle parked on the shoulder. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. Valid Combinations for Subfield 1 and Subfield 2 Subfield 1 (C20a): Within Interchange? Subfield 2 (C20b): Specific Location Yes No Not Unknown Code Attribute Reported (GES/FARS) - X - - 1 / 01 Non-Junction X X X X 2 / 02 Intersection X X X X 3 / 03 Intersection-Related X X X X 5 / 05 Entrance/Exit Ramp Related - X - - 6 / 06 Railway Grade Crossing X X X X 7 / 07 Crossover Related X X X X 4 / 04 Driveway Access X X X X 8 / 08 Driveway Access Related X X X X 16 / 16 Shared-use Path or Trail X - - - 17 / 17 Acceleration/Deceleration Lane X - - - 18 / 18 Through Roadway X - - - 19 / 19 Other Location, within Interchange Area X X X X 98 / 98 Not Reported X X X X 10 / 99 Unknown 2010 81 C20 INTERCHANGE ACCIDENTS Accidents which occur within the shaded area are interchange accidents From ANSI D16.1 - 2007 (PG. 30) GORE p m Ra p m Ra Roadway mp Ra m Ra p 30 Meters p (100 Feet) m GORE Ra (100 feet) 30 Meters GORE Boundary Of Traffic Way 82 2010 C20 The diagram below will help identify Relation to Junction codes Intersection, Entrance/Exit Ramp Related and Other Location in Interchange in an Interchange Area. ENTRANCE/EXIT INTERCHANGE (02) RAMP RELATED (05) OTHER LOCATION in INTERCHANGE (19) 2010 83 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 84 2010 C21 TYPE OF INTERSECTION GES: A28 FARS:C21 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions screen 2 Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: What type of intersection did the first harmful event occur? SAS Name: Accident.Typ_Int Oracle Name: GES.Crashdata.Intersectiontype ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 1 Not an Intersection 1 1 1 2 Four-Way Intersection 2 2 2 3 T-Intersection 3 3 3 4 Y-Intersection 4 4 4 5 Traffic Circle 5 5 5 6 Roundabout 6 6 6 7 Five-Point, or More 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 9 9 9 9 Unknown Remarks: The data element value selected should be based on the location of the first harmful event and is only applicable to intersection or intersection-related crashes. If it is known that a rotary type of intersection was involved but it is not known if it was a traffic circle or a roundabout, default to a traffic circle. Intersection refers to an area which 1) contains a crossing or connection of two or more roadways not classified as driveway access and 2) is embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways. Where the distance along a roadway between two areas meeting these criteria is less than 33 feet, the two areas and the roadway connecting them are considered to be parts of a single intersection. (See ANSI D.16 - 2.5.10) Four-Way Intersection refers to two roadways which cross or connect. 2010 85 C21 T-Intersection refers to an intersection where two roadways connect and one roadway does not continue across the other roadway. The roadways form a “T”. Y-Intersection refers to an intersection where three roadways connect and none of the roadways continue across the other roadways. The roadways form a “Y”. Traffic Circle refers to an intersection of roads where motor vehicles must travel around a circle to continue on the same road or leave on any intersecting road. Traffic Circle must meet the following criteria: • Entering traffic is controlled by a stop sign, traffic signal or by no traffic control • Parking is allowed within the circle • Pedestrians are allowed access to the central island • Circle traffic can be required to yield to entering traffic Roundabout refers to an intersection of roads where motor vehicles must travel around a circle to continue on the same road or leave on any intersecting road. (See diagram on following page.) A Roundabout must meet the following criteria: • Entering traffic is controlled by a yield sign only • Circulating traffic has the right of way • Pedestrian access is allowed behind the yield sign line • No parking is allowed in the circle Five-Point, or More- Intersection refers to an intersection where more than two roadways cross or connect. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 86 2010 C21 2010 87 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 88 2010 C22 RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY GES: A10 FARS:C22 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Roadway Relation (160-R) Long Name: Select the attribute which best describes the location of the first harmful event. SAS Name: Accident.Rel_Rwy Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.RoadwayRelID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Blanks 1 10190 1 01 On Roadway 2 10191 2 02 On Shoulder 3 10192 3 03 On Median 4 10193 4 04 On Roadside 5 10194 5 05 Outside Trafficway 6 10195 6 06 Off Roadway – Location Unknown 7 19437 7 07 In Parking Lane/Zone 8 19438 8 08 Gore 9 19439 10 10 Separator 11 19441 9 11 Continuous Left-Turn Lane 12 19442 97 98 Not Reported 10 19440 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The data element value selected should be based on the location of the First Harmful Event. On Roadway - The roadway is that part of a trafficway designed, improved and ordinarily used for motor vehicle travel or, where various classes of motor vehicles are segregated, that part of a trafficway used by a particular class. Separate roadways may be provided for northbound and southbound traffic or for trucks and automobiles. May be noted as the “travel lanes” and, if present, includes the area between the painted “fog lines”. Additionally, a driveway access area is considered part of the roadway of the trafficway to which it connects. On Shoulder (if present) is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for emergency use, for accommodation of stopped vehicles, and for lateral support of the roadway 2010 89 C22 structure. A shoulder should be improved or maintained for these purposes. Not all roadways have shoulders. On Median is defined as that area of a divided trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in opposite directions. The principal functions of a median are to provide the desired freedom from interference of opposing traffic, to provide a recovery area for out-of-control vehicles, to provide a stopping area in case of emergencies, and to minimize headlight glare. Medians may be depressed, raised or flush. Flush medians can be as little as 4-feet wide between roadway edgelines. Painted roadway edgelines four (4) or more feet wide denote medians. Medians of lesser width must have a barrier to be considered a median. Continuous Left-turn Lanes are not considered Medians (see Continuous Left-Turn Lane). On Roadside refers to a location off the roadway, but inside the right-of-way. It is the outermost part of the trafficway which lay between the outer property line or other barrier and the edge of the first road encountered in the trafficway. By definition the “road” includes the shoulder if present. Also use this attribute if the first harmful event occurs in a raised or painted center island (directional or channeling) of a traffic circle or roundabout. Outside Trafficway is used for areas not open to the public as a matter of right or custom for moving persons or property. This includes property beyond the roadside outside the boundaries of the trafficway. Also, a portion of the trafficway closed for construction is not a trafficway and would be considered Outside Trafficway. Off Roadway - Location Unknown refers to a location off the roadway, but its relationship to the trafficway boundaries/right-of-way is not known. This should only be used when no reasonable assessment can be made as to the location of the FHE because the information in the case is too ambiguous. In Parking Lane/Zone refers to an area on the roadway, or next to the roadway, on which parking is permitted in marked or unmarked spaces. This includes curbside and edge of- roadway parking (for example, legal residential parking, city-street parking, etc.). Sometimes a strip of roadway can be designated for parking at certain hours of the day (parking lane) and for regular travel at other hours (travel lane). This code should NOT be used during hours when parking is NOT permitted (see On Roadway). Gore is an area of land where two roadways diverge or converge. The area is bounded on two sides by the edges of the roadway, which join at the point of divergence or convergence. The direction of traffic must be the same on both of these roadways. The area includes shoulders or marked pavement if any, between the roadways. The third side is 60 meters (approximately 200 feet) from the point of divergence or convergence or, if any other road is within 70 meters (230 feet) of that point, a line 10 meters (33 feet) from the nearest edge of such road. Gore Inclusions: • Areas at rest area or exit ramps • Areas at truck weight station entry or exit ramps 90 2010 C22 • Areas where two main roadways diverge or converge • Areas where a ramp and another roadway or two ramps, diverge or converge • Areas where a frontage road and another roadway or two frontage roads diverge or converge Gore Exclusions: • Islands for channelizing of vehicle movements • Islands for pedestrian refuge A Separator is the area of a trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in the same direction or separating a frontage road from other roads. A Separator may be a physical barrier or a depressed, raised, flush or vegetated area between roads. A Continuous Left-Turn Lane is a two-way left turn lane positioned between opposing straight-through travel lanes. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. Additional Guidance for Relation to Trafficway For collision events when the vehicle is overlapping adjacent areas: • For fixed object collisions (FHE), base “Relation to Trafficway” on the location of the object struck. • Fixed objects that are associated with the trafficway such as curbs, ditches, guardrails, sign supports, utility poles, etc. are not located in the travel lanes or on the shoulder. Therefore, when these fixed objects are contacted in the FHE, Relation to Trafficway should be coded as Roadside, regardless of the location of the entire vehicle. • Non-fixed object collisions (e.g., striking a vehicle on the shoulder or pedestrian on the sidewalk) when the striking vehicle is overlapping two locations (e.g., roadway and shoulder) are also coded with respect to the object contacted, not the striking vehicle. For Rollover/Overturn crashes when the vehicle is overlapping two locations (e.g., roadway and shoulder) when the roll begins: 2010 91 C22 • When a vehicle begins an overturn and is overlapping two locations at the onset of the overturn, use the LAST area the vehicle entered as the location. For example, Roadside would be correct for a case where the documentation identifies a vehicle runs off the roadway, partially through the shoulder, and the front wheels enter the roadside. Default rules for the location of Ditches, Embankments and Fences: • Unless there is clear reason to believe otherwise in the case materials, ditches and embankments are design features common to trafficways. Therefore, if included as the FHE the appropriate Relation to Trafficway attribute is Roadside. • Unless there is clear reason to believe otherwise in the case materials (e.g., a snow fence in the median), a fence either surrounds private property outside the trafficway or marks the property line boundary ending the trafficway. Therefore, if included as the FHE the appropriate Relation to Trafficway attribute is Outside Trafficway. 92 2010 C22 2010 93 C22 94 2010 C23 WORK ZONE GES: A25 FARS:C23 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Work Zone (35-E) Long Name: Is the first harmful event in or related to a work zone? SAS Name: Accident.Wrk_Zone Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.WorkZone ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10 0 0 None 2 11 1 1 Construction 3 12 2 2 Maintenance 4 13 3 3 Utility 5 14 4 4 Work Zone, Type Unknown 7 97 7 8 Not Reported Remarks: This data element captures that this was a “Work Zone Accident” as defined in ANSI D16.1. If the crash is a work zone crash, work zone type must be clearly distinguished within the case materials; otherwise Work Zone, Type Unknown should be used. The use of these codes does not imply that the crash was caused by the construction, maintenance or utility activity. Work Zone: A work zone is defined as an area of a trafficway where construction, maintenance or utility work activities are identified by warning signs/signals/ indicators, including those on transport devices (e.g., signs, flashing lights, channelizing devices, barriers, pavement markings, flagmen, warning signs and arrow boards mounted on the vehicles in a mobile maintenance activity) that mark the beginning and end of a construction, maintenance or utility work activity. It extends from the first warning sign, signal or flashing lights to the END ROAD WORK sign or the last traffic control device pertinent for that work activity. Work zones also include roadway sections where there is ongoing, moving (mobile) work activity such as lane line painting or 2010 95 C23 roadside mowing only if the beginning of the ongoing, moving (mobile) work activity is designated by warning signs or signals. Work Zone Crash: A work zone crash is a motor vehicle traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs within the boundaries of a work zone or on an approach to or exit from a work zone, resulting from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of the traffic units through the work zone. See 7th Edition of ANSI D16.1 definitions of “Work Zone” and “Work Zone Accident” for inclusions and exclusions. To determine which attribute is appropriate, the duration of the work must be considered. If the work is short-term (i.e., takes less than one period of daylight and is not performed during hours of darkness), Maintenance or Utility are applicable. If the maintenance or utility work is long-term, Construction must be used. None is used when it is reasonably certain that the crash is not considered a work zone crash as defined above. Construction is used when the available information indicates that there is long-term stationary construction such as building a new bridge, adding travel lanes to the roadway, extending an existing trafficway, etc. Highway construction includes construction of appurtenances such as guardrails or ditches, surveying activity, installation of utilities within the right-of-way, etc. Maintenance is used when the available information indicates that there are work activities, including moving work activities, such as striping the roadway, median and roadside grass mowing/landscaping, pothole repair, snowplowing, etc., where there are warning signs or signals marking the beginning of the moving work area. Utility is used when the available information indicates that there is short-term stationary work such as repairing/maintaining electric, gas, water lines or traffic signals. The utility company must perform the work. Work Zone, Type Unknown is used when there is insufficient information to distinguish between Construction, Maintenance or Utility. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 96 2010 C24 LIGHT CONDITION GES: A19 FARS:C24 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Light (260-E) Long Name: What are the light conditions at the time of the crash? SAS Name: Accident.Lght_Con Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.LightID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26646 1 1 Daylight 2 26647 2 2 Dark - Not Lighted 3 26648 3 3 Dark - Lighted 4 26649 4 4 Dawn 5 26650 5 5 Dusk 7 36700 6 6 Dark - Unknown Lighting 8 26701 7 7 Other 9 26657 8 8 Not Reported 6 26652 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This element records the type/level of light that existed at the time of the crash as reported in the case materials. Dark - Not Lighted is used when the available information describes a condition where no “natural” light exists and no overhead “man-made” lighting is present on the roadway where the crash occurs. Dark - Lighted is used when the available information describes a condition where no “natural” light exists but there is overhead “man-made” lighting on the roadway where the crash occurs. Lighted areas will generally include streets within cities or towns and some interchange areas. This does not include lighting from store fronts, houses, parking lots, etc. Dawn describes the transition period going from “dark of night” to a daylight condition. This is typically the 30-minute period before the sun rises. 2010 97 C24 Dusk describes the transition period going from a daylight condition to the “dark of night”. This is typically the 30 minute period after the sun sets. Dark - Unknown Lighting is used if it cannot be determined if Dark - Not Lighted or Dark - Lighted applies. Sometimes the case materials will have conflicting information because more than one light condition is indicated in the coded boxes and/or the narrative. If necessary, use the crash time to aid in determing the “best” attribute. Rules for determining applicable attribute: 1. If Dawn or Dusk are marked then use the crash time to select either Dawn or Dusk. 2. If Dark - Lighted and Dawn are marked then use Dawn. 3. If Dark - Lighted and Dusk are marked then use Dusk. 4. If Dark and Dusk are marked then use Dusk. 5. If Dark and Dawn are marked then use Dawn. 6. If more than 2 attributes are checked then use Unknown Other is used when the conditions above do not apply. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates that the lighting condition was unknown. 98 2010 C25 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS GES: A20 FARS:C25 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 2 numeric - occurring 2 times. Screen Name: Atmospheric (270-E) Long Name: What are the atmospheric conditions at the time of the crash? SAS Name: Accident.Weather Oracle Name: GES.Atmosphericcondition.AtmospherID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26670 19 00 No Additional Atmospheric Conditions 2 26660 11 01 Clear 3 26661 12 10 Cloudy 4 26467 2 02 Rain 5 26653 3 03 Sleet, Hail (Freezing Rain or Drizzle) 4 26654 4 04 Snow 9 26664 15 11 Blowing Snow 7 26662 13 05 Fog, Smog, Smoke 8 26663 14 06 Severe Crosswinds 10 26665 16 07 Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt 98 26666 98 08 Other 97 26667 97 98 Not Reported 99 26659 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The prevailing atmospheric conditions that existed at the time of the crash as recorded on the crash report form. If the case materials indicate more than two atmospheric conditions, select the two conditions that most affect visibility. No Additional Atmospheric Conditions should only be used for the second Atmospheric Condition subfield, when there is no second Atmospheric Condition listed on your case materials. Clear includes partial cloudiness if sunlight is not diminished. If your case materials indicate no adverse conditions, use Clear. 2010 99 C25 Cloudy usually refers to “overcast” but may include partial cloudiness if light is diminished. Rain refers to precipitation other than snow, hail or sleet. Mist should be coded as Rain. Sleet, Hail (Freezing Rain or Drizzle) would apply to conditions where precipitation is falling as ice (sleet, hail) or when it is falling as liquid (rain) and then freezing on the roadway. Snow is used when precipitation is falling as frozen flakes at the time of the crash. Blowing Snow applies to snow that is falling and/or to snow that has fallen to the ground and is set aloft by wind. Fog, Smog, Smoke refers to a natural or man-made condition that causes reduced visibility. Severe Crosswinds refers to winds traveling at an angle with respect to the travel lanes at velocities significant enough to create a risk that vehicles could be diverted from their path or high profile vehicles could be blown over. These are winds that are strong enough to affect vehicle stability. Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt refers to particulate matter set aloft by winds creating a condition of reduced visibility which constitutes a hazard for vehicles operating in the area. This attribute should be used for “dust storms.” This attribute should not be used in conjunction with Severe Crosswinds unless the winds are affecting vehicle stability in addition to reducing visibility. Other atmospheric conditions not described above. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 100 2010 C26 SCHOOL BUS RELATED GES: A21 FARS:C26 Screen Heading: Crash Data Questions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: School Bus (50-E) Long Name: Was a school bus involved in the crash? SAS Name: Accident.Schl_Bus Oracle Name: GES.CrashData.School_Bus ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 0 0 0 No 2 1 1 1 Yes 7 7 7 8 Not Reported Remarks: This data element indicates if a school bus, or motor vehicle functioning as a school bus, is related to the crash. The “school bus” can be: • with or without a passenger(s) on board • involved as a contact motor vehicle, or • indirectly involved as a non-contact motor vehicle A school bus is a motor vehicle used for the transportation of any school pupil at or below the 12th-grade level to or from a public or private school or school-related activity. A motor vehicle is not a school bus while on trips which involve the transportation exclusively of other passengers or exclusively for other purposes. A motor vehicle is a school bus only if it is externally identifiable by the following characteristics: 1. Its color is yellow 2. The words “school bus” appear on the front and rear 3. Flashing red lights are located on the front and rear 4. Lettering on both sides identifies the school or school district served, or the company operating the bus No is used when there is no indication of a school bus, or motor vehicle functioning as a school bus, being involved in the crash. 2010 101 C26 Yes is used when there is any indication that a school bus, or vehicle functioning as a school bus, is involved in any component of the crash. For directly involved or contacted vehicles, Yes must be selected if the Special Use data element equals Vehicle Used as a School Bus. To capture those instances where the vehicle is involved indirectly (non-contact vehicle) the following rules apply: • If the case materials indicate “School Bus” the assumption is that the Law Enforcement agency conformed to the definition of school bus, thus Yes School Bus Related. • If there is no indication that a school bus was indirectly involved No must be selected. Examples of School Bus Related (indirectly): 1. A police reported “school bus” stops on the roadway. Subsequently an approaching motor vehicle swerves to avoid the stopped bus and contacts another motor vehicle head-on. 2. A police report indicates that a “child” exited a “school bus” and was crossing in front of the stopped bus when a vehicle passed the bus on the left side and struck the child. 3. A line of cars is stopped for a school bus which is discharging passengers. A motor vehicle approaches and is unable to stop in time and strikes the last stopped motor vehicle in the line. Examples of NOT School Bus Related: 1. An empty school bus, having completed its route, is parked along side the road. A motor vehicle approaching from the rear loses control and strikes the bus. 2. A “Bus” is reported as stopped in traffic and a vehicle swerves to avoid the bus and contacts another vehicle. In this example, there is no positive indication of a “school bus” being involved. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 102 2010 C27 RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER GES: XXX FARS:C27 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 6 numeric followed by 1 alphabetic Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0000000 Not Applicable X X X nnnnnnA Six Numeric, Followed by One Alphabetic Valid F.R.A. Codes X X X 9999999 Unknown Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Code complete identifier. Identifiers are obtainable from computer printout supplied by NHTSA or from your Federal Railroad Administration representative. Not Applicable is used when crashes that do not involve a rail grade crossing. Code when any part of the crash occurs at a rail grade crossing. Include crashes in which a vehicle is waiting at a rail grade crossing but does not necessarily travel over the tracks. Inform your COTR if you have any problems obtaining identifiers. 2010 103 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 104 2010 C28 NOTIFICATION TIME EMS GES: XXX FARS:C28 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Not Notified) X X X 0000- Valid Military Times 2359 X X X 0099- Known Hours but Unknown Minutes 2399 X X X 9998 Unknown if Notified X X X 9999 Unknown EMS Notification Time Remarks: Notification Time EMS is the time Emergency Medical Service was notified. Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and EMS Time At Hospital. Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies with the crash time. If the day of the crash and the day of EMS Notification have different dates, then be sure to use the attribute Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day in Related Factors-Crash Level. Code Notification Time EMS and Arrival Time EMS no matter how much time has elapsed since the Crash Time. Not Applicable (Not Notified) Enter this code only if EMS was never notified. DO NOT use this code if the EMS was officially canceled. Cancellation is coded under Arrival Time EMS and EMS Time At Hospital. If the EMS was notified then canceled, code the actual notification time. 2010 105 C28 0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Times), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes) Code Notification Time of the first EMS unit to arrive on the scene. If unknown minutes, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.” One minute after midnight is coded “0001.” See remarks “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time. Unknown if Notified Enter this attribute if you cannot determine whether or not any EMS was ever notified. Unknown EMS Notification Time Enter this attribute if EMS was notified but the time of notification is unknown. Helicopters that transport victims to treatment facilities are coded as EMS units, but not police who may be trained to render emergency aid. This guidance is not meant to exclude helicopters that are used to transport victims for treatment that may be owned by police departments. 106 2010 C29 ARRIVAL TIME EMS GES: XXX FARS:C29 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Not Notified) X X X 0000- Valid Military Times 2359 X X X 0099- Known Hours but Unknown Minutes 2399 X X X 9997 Officially Canceled X X X 9998 Unknown if Arrived X X X 9999 Unknown EMS Scene Arrival Time Remarks: ARRIVAL TIME EMS is the time Emergency Medical Service arrived on the crash scene. Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and EMS Time At Hospital. Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies with the crash time. Code Notification Time EMS and Arrival Time EMS no matter how much time has elapsed since the Crash Time. Not Applicable (Not Notified) Enter this attibute only if EMS was never notified. DO NOT use this code if the EMS was notified then canceled. 2010 107 C29 0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Times), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes) Code the arrival time of the first EMS unit to arrive on the scene. If unknown minutes, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.” One minute after midnight is coded “0001”. See remarks “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time. Officially Canceled Enter this attribute if EMS was officially canceled. Unknown if Arrived Enter this attribute if there is no indication of official cancellation, but there is uncertainty or doubt that EMS ever arrived on the scene or not. Unknown EMS Scene Arrival Time Enter this code if EMS did arrive on scene, but the time of arrival is unknown. 108 2010 C30 EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL GES: XXX FARS: C30 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Not Transported) X X X 0000- Valid Military Times 2359 X X X 0099- Known Hours but Unknown Minutes 2399 X X X 9997 Officially Canceled X X X 9998 Unknown if Transported X X X 9999 Unknown EMS Hospital Arrival Time Remarks: EMS Time At Hospital is the time Emergency Medical Service arrived at the treatment facility to which it was transporting victims of the crash. Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and EMS Time At Hospital. Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies with the crash time. Questions arise when there is more than one EMS unit or when there is more than one injured person. Code EMS Time At Hospital according to the following guidelines: 2010 109 C30 Not Applicable (Not Transported) Use this attribute if all the injuries are on-scene fatalities (no one is transported for treatment.) Also use this attribute if there are live victims, but no one is transported to a treatment facility by EMS. 0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Time), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes) Code the EMS time at hospital of the unit transporting the most severely injured victim. The most severely injured victim includes (and usually is) the victim who dies en route to the treatment facility or later, but not the one who dies on-scene. If unknown minutes, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.” One minute after midnight is coded “0001.” See remarks. “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time. Officially Canceled Enter this attribute if EMS was officially canceled before on scene. Unknown if Transported Enter this attribute if there is no indication of official cancellation, but there is un-certainty or doubt that any victims were transported for treatment or not. Unknown EMS Hospital Arrival Time Enter this attribute if EMS transported victims for treatment, but the time of arrival at the hospital or treatment facility is unknown. 110 2010 C31 RELATED FACTORS – CRASH LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:C31 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric occurring 3 times Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 01 Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc. X X X 02 Shoulder Design or Condition X X X 03 Other Construction-Created Condition X X X 04 No or Obscured Pavement Marking X X X 05 Surface Under Water X X X 06 Inadequate Construction or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc. X X X 07 Surface Washed Out (caved-in, road slippage) X X X 13 Aggressive Driving / Road Rage by Non-Contact Vehicle Driver X X X 14 Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, Or Something That was Set- in-Motion by a Vehicle. X X X 15 Non-Occupant Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, or Something that was Set-in- Motion by a Vehicle. X X X 16 Non-Occupant Struck Vehicle X X X 17 Vehicle Set-in-Motion by Non-Driver X X X 18 Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day X X X 19 Recent Previous Crash Scene Nearby X X X 20 Police Pursuit Involved X X X 21 Within Designated School Zone 2010 111 C31 X X X 22 Speed Limit is a Statutory Limit as Recorded or was Determined as This State’s “Basic Rule” X X X 23 Indication of a Stalled/Disabled Vehicle X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Related Factors Environmental/Roadway Conditions Noted Blanks 00 None 01 Inadequate Warning of Exits, Includes “inadequate warning” of any type; takes Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, precedence over Inadequate Design and etc. Other Construction-Created Condition. Inadequate warning due to obscured signs. Inadequate warning due to signs temporarily down, lack of necessary sign for merge, diverge. Not a construction site situation. 02 Shoulder Design or Condition Takes precedence over Inadequate Design and Other Construction-Created Condition. Includes only situations pertaining to actual design or condition of the shoulder. Soft shoulder or shoulder collapsing. Inadequate shoulder width. Shoulder at different level from the roadway (drop- off, lifted, not flat). 03 Other Construction-Created Includes “inadequate maintenance” conditions, (i.e., Condition potholes, ruts in roadway) moving/changing signs. Addition of barricades. Change in traffic patterns, merging of lane. Excludes shoulder-related situations, and situations with inadequate warning of traffic controls, etc. 04 No or Obscured Pavement Takes precedence over Inadequate Design and Marking Other Construction-Created Condition. Includes any pavement marking situations. New asphalt has covered old pavement markings. Pavement marking or surface has worn off. Ice/snow/mud obscuring pavement markings. NOTE: Care should be used to distinguish from Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc. 112 2010 C31 Related Factors Environmental/Roadway Conditions Noted 05 Surface Under Water Takes precedence over Inadequate Design and Other Construction-Created Condition. Includes surfaces under water beyond accumulation associated with ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITON code Water (standing or moving) (i.e., depth of water). Permanently under water, i.e., fords. Temporarily under water, i.e., flooded areas. 06 Inadequate Construction or Poor Pertains to original design of trafficway (i.e., Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc. roadway bridges, medians, guardrails, traffic barriers). Blind intersections due to highway design, not due to visual obstructions (i.e., shrubbery) etc. Improper banking, lack of a lane for merging. Inadequate road surface (dirt, gravel surfaces, etc.); however, this must not be inferred; must be explicitly stated in police report as a “factor.” Excludes shoulder-related situations, pavement marking situations, situations with inadequate warnings, and surfaces under water. 07 Surface Washed Out (caved-in, Only environmentally caused situations. road slippage) Destruction of a section of roadway by water (flooding, heavy rains) or other cataclysms (earthquakes, etc.). SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES 13 Aggressive Driving / Road Rage by This factor is only used for situations where the Non-Contact Vehicle Driver investigating officer indicates that a non-contact vehicle (“phantom vehicle”) was being operated aggressively. Officer must use the term “Aggressive” in describing a driver’s behavior. This can be indicated in the report under related/ contributing factors or in the narrative. You may encounter the term “Road Rage” used to describe aggressive driving behavior. Be cautious with this term as the two terms are not technically interchangeable. For contact vehicles, see Driver Level-Related Factor attribute Aggressive Driving/Road Rage. 2010 113 C31 Related Factors Environmental/Roadway Conditions Noted 14 Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling “Something set-in-motion” includes persons and Cargo, or Something That Came vehicles in-transport, parked/stopped off Loose From, Or Something That roadway and working motor vehicles, as well as was Set-in-Motion by a Vehicle. motor vehicles in motion outside the trafficway. “Something set in-motion” denotes that a vehicle “has control of” or “is attached/connected” to the object. An example of “control of” is a vehicle determining the direction of a driverless vehicle. An example of “attached to” is a vehicle overriding another vehicle. “Set-in-Motion” generally applies to non-fixed objects (including pedestrians set-in-motion), and extends to vehicles parked and “in- transport.” 15 Non-Occupant Struck by Falling Non-occupant denotes pedestrians, pedal cyclists, Cargo, or Something That Came and persons on personal conveyances (skate- Loose From, or Something that board riders, roller skaters, non-motorized was Set-in-Motion by a Vehicle. wheelchairs, baby carriages, scooters). 16 Non-Occupant Struck Vehicle Pedestrian or bicycle rider entering roadway runs into vehicle, usually the side or back of the vehicle, not in the vehicle’s path. 17 Vehicle Set-in-Motion by Non- Passenger shifting gears on vehicle. Driver Passenger hitting accelerator. Passenger turning ignition key. NOTE: Different from Related Factors-Person Level code Interfering With the Driver. 18 Date of Crash and Date of EMS Crash victims not discovered immediately. Notification Were Not the Same Effects of crash not immediately known. Day 19 Recent Previous Crash Scene Previous crash causes a change in traffic patterns Nearby causes obstruction on roadway, requires reduction in traffic speed, leaves occupants and vehicles on roadway. 114 2010 C31 Related Factors Environmental/Roadway Conditions Noted 20 Police Pursuit Involved When pursuit has been initiated by the police and is active at the time of the crash. This applies for air or ground pursuing vehicles. When pursuit has been initiated and terminated, but related to the crash. This applies for air or ground pursuing vehicles. (See Related Factors-Driver Level for Police Pursuing the Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit.) 21 Within Designated School Zone Areas signed or marked as “School Zone.” This may or may not be school-bus-related. “School Zones” are zones near or at a school, which exist during months and hours when zone signing is in effect. 22 Speed Limit is a Statutory Limit as No posted speed limit, but state law sets maximum Recorded or was Determined as speed limit on a local road or street. This State’s “Basic Rule” 23 Indication of a Stalled/Disabled Includes contact and non-contact vehicles that are Vehicle stalled/disabled for mechanical reasons not due to crash-related damage. Examples: 1. A pedestrian is struck when walking from their stalled vehicle. 2. A vehicle is stalled in the travel lanes causing another vehicle to lose control and crash. 99 Unknown Code information provided in the narrative by the investigating officer. Boxes the officer checks on the PAR should be coded where appropriate. If the investigating officer states any related factors, they should be coded. If the officer states ‘the witness said,’ these should not be coded. Care must be used in coding this element. The Police Accident Report (PAR) should state that the environmental condition was a factor or existed at this location; cannot be inferred. Can be coded in conjunction with other elements; for example, if a traffic control is temporarily down, it can be coded under both “Traffic Control Device Functioning” and Related Factors-Crash 2010 115 C31 Level attribute Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc. The rule is that “specific” takes precedence over “general” factors. Use of None Use when no factors are noted; zero-fill all fields. None implies that the investigating officer indicated “no factors.” Also, use None to complete remaining fields when you will be recording less than three related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Use of Unknown Use when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and reported as Unknown by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Codes 14 -23 - SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES, are exceptions to the above remarks. These are codes for unusual factors that occurred during the crash. If you can determine that any of these factors did happen, then these codes should be used. Definition of Police Pursuit: A pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement officer, operating an authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use of visual or audible emergency signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist who the officer is attempting to apprehend, and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by either maintaining his/her speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the officer’s continued attempts to stop the motorist. A pursuit is terminated when the motorist stops, or when the attempt to apprehend is discontinued by the officer or at the direction of a competent authority. 116 2010 ADDITIONAL STATE INFORMATION GES: XXX FARS:NONE Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: Alphanumeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X Blanks X X X Any Alphanumeric Characters Remarks: This space is reserved for each individual state’s use. Suggested uses depend on potential needs of the state. This space may contain: 1. Police Accident Report number. 2. Additional crash location information. If HPMS number is available, it may be inserted here. 2010 117 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 118 2010 VEHICLE LEVEL Element Page Element Page V3 Vehicle Number 119 V19 Cargo Body Type 269 V4 Number of Occupants 121 V20 Hazardous Material 271 V5 Unit Type 123 Involvement/Placard V6 Hit-and-Run 127 V21 Bus Use 279 V7 Registration State 129 V22 Special Use 283 V8 Registered Vehicle Owner 133 V23 Emergency Use 287 V9 Vehicle Make 135 V24 Travel Speed 289 V10 Vehicle Model 139 V25 Underride/Override 291 V11 Body Type 233 V26 Rollover 295 V12 Model Year 245 V27 Location of Rollover 297 V13 Vehicle Identification Number 247 V28 Areas of Impact 299 V14 Vehicle Trailing 253 V29 Extent of Damage 305 V15 Jackknife 255 V30 Vehicle Removal 307 V16 Motor Carrier Identification 257 V31 Sequence of Events 309 Number V32 Most Harmful Event 321 V17 Gross Vehicle Weight Rating 261 V33 Related Factors – Vehicle 333 /Gross Combination Weight Level Rating V34 Fire Occurrence 337 V18 Vehicle Configuration 265 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK V3 VEHICLE NUMBER – VEHICLE LEVEL GES: V01/E02/E04 FARS:V3 Screen Heading: Events Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Vehicle (100-R)/ Vehicle/Other (118-R) Long Name: What is the number of the “lower numbered” in- transport motor vehicle involved in this event? / What is the number of the “higher numbered” in-transport motor vehicle involved in this event? SAS Name: Event.Vehnum, Vehicle.Vehno / Event.Objcont, Vehicle.Vehno Oracle Name: GES.Events.VehicleID, GES.Vehicle.VehicleNumber / GES.Events.ObjecthitID, GES.Vehicle.VehicleNumber ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-30 001- 999 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Each motor vehicle in a crash must be assigned a unique number by the Analyst. Order is not important. Numbers assigned to vehicles must be consecutive, starting with ‘001’ with no missing numbers. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: V01/E02 Instructions: The in-transport motor vehicles within a crash are numbered sequentially beginning with 1; no numbers are skipped. In-transport motor vehicles are assigned the PAR's vehicle number unless a number is skipped. The vehicle number entered is for the in-transport motor vehicle involved in this event with the lower vehicle number. However, if the event is an impact between a vehicle and an object set in motion by another vehicle, the number of the vehicle which set the object in motion is entered, even if it is the higher number. 2010 119 V3 V01/E04 Instructions: The in-transport motor vehicles within a crash are numbered sequentially beginning with 1; no numbers are skipped. In-transport motor vehicles are assigned the PAR's vehicle number unless a number is skipped. The vehicle number entered is for the in-transport motor vehicle involved in this event with the higher vehicle number. However, if the event is an impact between a vehicle and an object set in motion by another vehicle, the number of the vehicle involved in the impact with the object set in motion is entered, even if it is the lower vehicle number. 120 2010 V4 NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS GES: V10/V10B FARS:V4 Screen Heading: Vehicle Occupants / Vehicle Occupants Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Number Occupants (20-E)/ Coded Occupants (25-R) Long Name: How many occupants are in vehicle #? / Coded Occupants (25-R) SAS Name: Vehicle.NumOccs / Vehicle.Occ_Invl Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.NumOccs / GES.Vehicle.NumOccCoded ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 None 1-95 1-95 1-95 01-95 Actual Value* if Total Known except: 96 96 96 96 Ninety-Six or more 97 97 97 98 Not Reported ** -9999 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element must be coded for each motor vehicle involved in the crash. Code the total number of occupants (injured and uninjured) in this motor vehicle. In bus crashes, the total number of occupants, including the driver, must be entered. None is used when this motor vehicle is unoccupied. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 121 V4 Unknown is used when the number of occupants for the motor vehicle is unknown. This code should also be used when this motor vehicle is a “hit-and-run” vehicle, unless evidence clearly establishes the number of occupants present. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Beginning in 2009, use Unknown when the State reports information only on drivers and INJURED passengers and the total number of occupants is unknown. In those states where data are collected ONLY on INJURED persons and drivers, BUT the actual number of motor vehicle occupants is known, code this element with the number of motor vehicle occupants and complete Person Level forms for ALL INVOLVED individuals. Bus and railroad crashes are an exception. For bus crashes, the total number of occupants, including the driver, should be recorded, but Person Level (MV Occupant) forms should only be submitted for injured occupants and for the driver, whether injured or not. NOTE: This does NOT apply to van-based buses. Before 2003, the policy was not to submit a Person Level form for uninjured occupants of van-based buses. This policy has changed beginning in 2003. Always submit a person level form for all occupants of van-based vehicles, including van-based buses. * Values greater than 30 are unlikely and will raise a “U” flag. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: V10B Instruction: Note: Some State PARs only list injured occupants. However, additional data will be coded for injured bus occupants only. Code 1 (one person) should be used when this motor vehicle is a “hit-and-run” vehicle, unless evidence clearly establishes the number of occupants present. See Hit-and-Run data element for additional details. 122 2010 V5 UNIT TYPE GES: XXX FARS: V5 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Motor Vehicle In-Transport (Inside or Outside the Trafficway) X X X 2 Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway X X X 3 Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway X X X 4 Working Motor Vehicle (highway construction, maintenance, utility only) Remarks: This element identifies the type of unit that applies to this motor vehicle at the time it became an involved vehicle in the crash and was reported as a unit on the Police Accident Report (PAR). IMPORTANT: Remember, you must have at least one motor vehicle “In-Transport” involved in the crash for this to be a reportable FARS case. NOTE: For Unit Type codes “2-4,” you must submit selected elements on the Vehicle Level (V1-V14, V16-V23, V25, V28-V30 and V32-V34). Also, all elements on the Driver level must be left blank, except Driver Presence and Related Factors-Driver Level. Related Factors-Driver Level must be coded all “00.” Motor Vehicle In-Transport (Inside or Outside the Trafficway) is used to indicate that this is a motor vehicle in-transport. “In-Transport” means any part of the vehicle’s primary outline as defined by the four sides of the vehicle (excluding open doors or mirrors) is within the roadway (travel lanes) or the vehicle is in motion anywhere within or outside the trafficway boundaries. 2010 123 V5 Examples: 1. Motor vehicle in traffic on the highway. 2. Motionless motor vehicle abandoned on the roadway travel lanes. 3. Motor vehicle on roadway stopped at traffic signal. 4. Motor vehicle driving or in motion on the shoulder, median or roadside. 5. Motor vehicle driving down a private driveway. 6. Motor vehicle in motion, outside the trafficway boundaries (e.g., vehicle pulling up to a pump in a gas station; not within trafficway; vehicle in motion in a parking lot aisle; lawn tractor driving in a field adjacent to the trafficway; ATV driving on a dirt track next to trafficway; etc.). Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway is used to indicate that this is a motor vehicle not in-transport located within the trafficway boundaries when it became an involved unit. The trafficway boundaries are from property line to property line. Examples: 1. Motor vehicle parked in designated curbside parking lane. 2. Motor vehicle parked in designated curbside parking lane with an open door crossing into the travel lane. 3. Motor vehicle stopped completely on the shoulder, median or roadside. Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway is used to indicate that this is a motor vehicle not in-transport located outside the trafficway boundaries when it became an involved unit by being struck by a motor vehicle in-transport. Examples: 1. Motor vehicle parked in a private driveway, parking lot space, or other private property (outside the trafficway boundaries). 2. Any vehicle used for private construction occurring outside the trafficway boundaries. Working Motor Vehicle (highway construction, maintenance, utility only) is used to indicate that this is a motor vehicle that was in the act of performing highway construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles (except example #6 below), tow trucks, etc. Examples: 1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or flattening dirt. 2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc. 3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway or maintaining a traffic signal. 124 2010 V5 4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new overpass. 5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway maintenance activity. 6. Street sweeper sweeping the street. 7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices warning motorists of the work activity. 8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence. When not in the act of performing “work” and involved in the crash, these highway construction, maintenance or utility vehicles can be: 1) In-Transport when traveling from one construction site to the next (Unit Type attribute Motor Vehicle In-Transport (Inside or Outside the Trafficway) 2) Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway when stopped on the shoulder or within a highway work zone (Unit Type attribute Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway). 3) Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway when parked and refueling at a depot (Unit Type attribute Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway). 4) In-Transport Outside the Trafficway when relocating off the trafficway from a work activity area to another off-trafficway parking location. 2010 125 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 126 2010 V6 HIT-AND-RUN GES: V02 FARS:V6 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Hit and Run (360-E) Long Name: Is this a hit-and-run vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Hit_Run Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.HitRun ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 0 0 No 2 2 1 1 Yes 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 3 3 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This element refers to cases where a vehicle is a contact vehicle in the crash and does not stop to render aid (this can include drivers who flee the scene on foot). In many states, the investigating officer will note this in the narrative or check the appropriate box on the PAR. In some cases, the driver can be cited for failing to render assistance. Review the case materials carefully for references to hit-and-run or failure to render aid. It does not matter whether the hit-and-run vehicle was striking or struck. The hit-and-run vehicle(s) is (are) the one(s) that “departed prior to investigation by the police,” or that vehicle which is “abandoned” at the scene when its occupant(s) fled from the area. If the police report indicates that the vehicle was involved in a collision which was investigated, but there is no information on that vehicle or the driver/owner because of departure prior to police arrival on- scene, then hit-and-run is indicated. No is used if there is no reason to believe a hit-and-run occurred involving this vehicle or its driver. Example: If a vehicle is involved in a multi-vehicle collision and one of the other contact vehicles leaves the scene. 2010 127 V6 Examples include: 1. if occupants of a vehicle are taken or go directly from the scene to a medical treatment facility or physician. However if doubt exists concerning the departure for treatment, assume hit-and-run. 2. a driver who leaves the scene but furnishes name, address, vehicle make, model and model year such that it is recorded in the available information and the available information does not indicate hit-and-run. 3. vehicles which set an object in motion such that (a) the object is contacted, before it stabilizes, by another in-transport motor vehicle, and (b) the vehicle which set the object in motion leaves the scene without providing the pertinent information (compare with exception two above), and (c) the available information does not indicate hit-and-run. Yes is used when it has been determined that this vehicle’s driver left the scene with or without their vehicle. A hit-and-run occurred when this vehicle’s driver left the scene after: • striking a pedestrian or other type of non-motorist. • striking a parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicle (with or without occupants). • being struck while parked or in-transport. If Hit-and-Run is Yes, Driver and Person Level (MV Occupant) forms must be submitted for the driver and occupants of this vehicle involved in the crash regardless of the fact that it was a hit- and-run. When the presence of a hit-and-run vehicle is indicated and the available information does not provide the number of occupants, the number of occupants coded must equal 1 (the driver). In cases where the hit-and-run vehicle and its driver are not identified, code all the elements on the Vehicle, Driver and Person Level as Unknown. Otherwise, if some information is known about the vehicle and/or driver, code all the elements for which information exists and leave the rest as Unknown. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when it cannot be determined if the vehicle and/or driver left the scene of the crash or the available information indicates “Unknown.” 128 2010 REGISTRATION STATE GES: V07B (Vehicle Registration State) FARS:V7 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Registered State (474-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle’s registration state? SAS Name: Vehicle.RegState Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.RegistStateID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 Not Applicable 2 AL 01 01 Alabama 1 AK 02 02 Alaska 4 AS 03 03 American Samoa 5 AZ 04 04 Arizona 3 AR 05 05 Arkansas 6 CA 06 06 California 7 CO 08 08 Colorado 8 CT 09 09 Connecticut 10 DE 10 10 Delaware 9 DC 11 11 District of Columbia 11 FL 12 12 Florida 12 GA 13 13 Georgia 13 GU 14 14 Guam 14 HI 15 15 Hawaii 16 ID 16 16 Idaho 17 IL 17 17 Illinois 18 IN 18 18 Indiana 15 IA 19 19 Iowa 19 KS 20 20 Kansas 20 KY 21 21 Kentucky 21 LA 22 22 Louisiana 24 ME 23 23 Maine 23 MD 24 24 Maryland 22 MA 25 25 Massachusetts 25 MI 26 26 Michigan 26 MN 27 27 Minnesota 2010 129 V7 28 MS 28 28 Mississippi 27 MO 29 29 Missouri 29 MT 30 30 Montana 32 NE 31 31 Nebraska 36 NV 32 32 Nevada 33 NH 33 33 New Hampshire 34 NJ 34 34 New Jersey 35 NM 35 35 New Mexico 37 NY 36 36 New York 30 NC 37 37 North Carolina 31 ND 38 38 North Dakota 38 OH 39 39 Ohio 39 OK 40 40 Oklahoma 40 OR 41 41 Oregon 41 PA 42 42 Pennsylvania 42 PR 43 43 Puerto Rico 43 RI 44 44 Rhode Island 44 SC 45 45 South Carolina 45 SD 46 46 South Dakota 46 TN 47 47 Tennessee 47 TX 48 48 Texas 48 UT 49 49 Utah 51 VT 50 50 Vermont 49 VA 51 51 Virginia 50 VI 52 52 Virgin Islands 52 WA 53 53 Washington 54 WV 54 54 West Virginia 53 WI 55 55 Wisconsin 55 WY 56 56 Wyoming 77 77 77 91 Not Reported 92 92 92 92 No Registration 73 73 73 93 Multiple State Registration 57 94 94 94 U.S. Government Tags (includes military) 58 95 95 95 Canada 59 96 96 96 Mexico 60 97 97 97 Other Foreign Country* 56 93 93 98 Other Registration (includes Native American Indian Nations) 62 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. 130 2010 V7 Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For combination vehicles, use the registration state of the power unit only. Not Applicable is used for vehicles that are exempt from registration. Use state codes for all state registered vehicles, including state government vehicles. However, if your state does not register government-owned vehicles, use Not Applicable. No Registration applies to vehicles that are required by state law to be registered and are NOT registered. Multiple State Registration is used for commercial vehicles that are registered in more than one state under a valid reciprocal agreement (such as the International Registration Plan (IRP)). GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: U.S. Government is used to indicate the license was issued by the U.S. Government, such as military or State Department Foreign Service. 2010 131 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 132 2010 V8 REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER GES: XXX FARS: V8 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Applicable, Vehicle Not Registered X X X 1 Driver (in this crash) Was Registered Owner X X X 2 Driver (in this crash) Not Registered Owner (other private owner listed) X X X 3 Vehicle Registered as Business/Company/Government Vehicle X X X 4 Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle X X X 5 Vehicle Was Stolen (reported by police) X X X 6 Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: This element is used to determine the type of registered owner of the vehicle. The type of ownership, “loan vs. lease,” does not change the coding. An individual or company should be the Registered Vehicle Owner, regardless of the bank holding the loan or lease. Banks and leasing companies should be the Registered Vehicle Owner for their own fleets only. Not Applicable applies to vehicles that are not registered, both exempt from registration and illegally not registered. (See Vehicle Was Stolen (reported by police) for stolen vehicles.) Driver (in this crash) Not Registered Owner (other private owner listed) is used for private owners other than the driver. Also, if the driver is a spouse of the owner but is not a co-owner. 2010 133 V8 Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle applies for rental vehicles, such as: Hertz, Ryder trucks, etc. Vehicle Was Stolen (reported by police) takes precedence over codes “0, 2, 3, 4, 6,” when multiple conditions exist. Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway is used for both in-transport and not in-transport motor vehicles. This attribute should always be used if Unit Type is coded as “2” or “3,” even if other applicable conditions exist. This attribute is also used to indicate that this is a “driverless” motor vehicle in-transport (e.g., driverless vehicle stopped in a travel lane). If indicating this is a “driverless” motor vehicle in-transport, this attribute does not take precedence over codes “0, 3, 4, 5,” when multiple conditions exist. Unknown is used when information on the registered owner is unknown or unclear; and in certain cases when the driver cannot be determined, but the registered owner is known. 134 2010 V9 VEHICLE MAKE GES: V03 FARS:V9 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Make (370-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle make? SAS Name: Vehicle.Make Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.MakeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 01 American Motors 2 2 02 Jeep/Kaiser-Jeep/Willys-Jeep 3 3 03 AM General 6 6 06 Chrysler 7 7 07 Dodge 8 8 08 Imperial 9 9 09 Plymouth 10 10 10 Eagle 12 12 12 Ford 13 13 13 Lincoln 14 14 14 Mercury 18 18 18 Buick/Opel 19 19 19 Cadillac 20 20 20 Chevrolet 21 21 21 Oldsmobile 22 22 22 Pontiac 23 23 23 GMC 24 24 24 Saturn 25 25 25 Grumman 29 29 29 Other Domestic Manufacturers 30 30 30 Volkswagen 31 31 31 Alfa Romeo 32 32 32 Audi 33 33 33 Austin/Austin Healey 34 34 34 BMW 35 35 35 Datsun/Nissan 36 36 36 Fiat 2010 135 V9 37 37 37 Honda 38 38 38 Isuzu 39 39 39 Jaguar 40 40 40 Lancia 41 41 41 Mazda 42 42 42 Mercedes-Benz 43 43 43 MG 44 44 44 Peugeot 45 45 45 Porsche 46 46 46 Renault 47 47 47 Saab 48 48 48 Subaru 49 49 49 Toyota 50 50 50 Triumph 51 41 51 Volvo 52 52 52 Mitsubishi 53 53 53 Suzuki 54 54 54 Acura 55 55 55 Hyundai 56 56 56 Merkur 57 57 57 Yugo 58 58 58 Infiniti 59 59 59 Lexus 60 60 60 Diahatsu 61 61 61 Sterling 62 62 62 Land Rover 63 63 63 Kia 20212 64 64 Daewoo 263032 65 65 Smart 69 69 69 Other Import 70 70 70 BSA 71 71 71 Ducati 72 72 72 Harley-Davidson 73 73 73 Kawasaki 74 74 74 Moto-Guzzi 75 75 75 Norton 76 76 76 Yamaha 77 Victory 78 78 XX Other Make Moped 79 79 XX Other Make Motored Cycle 80 80 80 Brockway 81 81 81 Diamond Rio/Rio 82 82 82 Freightliner 83 83 83 FWD 84 84 84 International Harvester/Navistar 85 85 85 Kenworth 136 2010 V9 86 86 86 Mack 87 87 87 Peterbilt 88 88 88 Iveco/Magirus 82/9801 82/98 89 White/Autocar White/GMC 90 90 90 Bluebird 91 91 91 Eagle Coach 92 92 92 Gillig 93 93 93 MCI 94 94 94 Thomas Built 97 97 97 Not Reported 98 98 98 Other Make 99 99 99 Unknown Make Remarks: Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: SEE REMARKS UNDER VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER – FARS – V13 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Note that for both V03-Vehicle Make and V04-Vehicle Model, the use of the terms “other” and "unknown" have very specific meanings. "Other" refers to a make or model which is known but is not explicitly listed. "Unknown" refers to the situation where no specific make or model is known. Selection of the proper "other" or "unknown" code can only be made with consideration of the vehicle’s body type. For example, if a medium/heavy truck or bus make is known and is not listed, V03, Vehicle Make, is coded OTHER MAKE (med/heavy truck/bus or “other”) and the appropriate model code is used. If the make is unknown but the body type is known as a "school bus", for instance, V03, Vehicle Make, is coded Unknown Manufacturer and V04, Vehicle Model, is coded Unknown Bus Type. Unknown Manufacturer is used for a "hit-and-run" vehicle unless reliable evidence indicates the vehicle's make. 2010 137 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 138 2010 V10 VEHICLE MODEL GES: V04 FARS:V10 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Model (380-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle model? SAS Name: Vehicle.Model Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.ModelID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 001- 001- Automobiles 397 397 398 398 Other (Automobile) 399 399 Unknown (Automobile) 401- 401- Light Trucks 497 497 498 498 Other (Light Trucks) 499 499 Unknown (Light Trucks) 701- 701- Motorcycles 706 706 709 709 Unknown cc (Motorcycles) 731- 731- All Terrain Vehicles 734 734 739 739 Unknown cc (ATV) 801- 801- Other Make (Medium/Heavy Trucks) 809 809 850 850 Motor Home 881- 881- Medium/Heavy Trucks 890 890 898 898 Other (Medium/Heavy Trucks) 899 899 Unknown (Medium/Heavy Trucks) 901- 901- Other Make (Buses) 908 908 981- 981- Buses 987 987 988 988 Other (Bus 997 997 Not Reported 2010 139 V10 777 998 Other (Vehicle) 999 999 Unknown Remarks: Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: SEE REMARKS UNDER VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER – FARS – V13 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Note that for both V03 – Vehicle Make and V04 – Vehicle Model, the use of the terms “other” and “unknown” have very specific meanings. “Other” refers to a make or model which is known but is not explicitly listed. “Unknown” refers to the situation where no specific make or model is known. Selection of the proper “other” or “unknown” code can only be made with consideration of the vehicle’s body type. For example, if a medium/heavy truck or bus make is known and is not listed, V03 – Vehicle Make, is coded OTHER MAKE (med/heavy truck/bus or “other”) and the appropriate model code is used. If the make is unknown but the body type is known as a “school bus”, for instance, V03 – Vehicle Make, is coded Unknown Manufacturer and V04 – Vehicle Model, is coded Unknown Bus Type. If a vehicle make or vehicle model is encountered that is not listed, headquarters is notified 140 2010 ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MAKES FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC MAKE MODEL CODE* MAKE MODEL CODE* CODE TABLE CODE TABLE PAGE # PAGE # 54 Acura 145 (ACUR) 71 Ducati 211 (DUCA) 31 Alfa Romeo 145 (ALFA) 10 Eagle 163 (EGIL) 03 AM General 146 (AMGN) 91 Eagle Coach 225 01 American Motors 147 (AMER) 29-398 Excaliber 208 (EXCL) 69-031 Aston Martin 208 (ASTO) 69-035 Ferrari 209 (FERR) 32 Audi 148 (AUDI) 36 Fiat 163 (FIAT) 33 Austin/Austin 149 (AUST) 69-398 Fisker 210 Healey 12 Ford 164 (FORD) 29-001 Avanti 208 (AVTI) 82 Freightliner 217 (FRHT) 98-802 Auto-Union-DKW 227 (AUTU) 83 FWD 218 (FWD) 69-042 Bentley 209 (BENT) 69-398 Gazelle 210 (GZL) 69-052 Bertone 209 (BERO) 92 Gillig 226 90 Bluebird 225 (BLUI) 23 GMC 168 (GMC) 34 BMW 149 (BMW) 25 Grumman 170 (GRUM) 69-032 Bricklin 208 (BRIC) 72 Harley- 211 (HD) 80 Brockway 215 (BROC) Davidson 70 BSA 211 (BSA) 69-036 Hillman 209 (HILL) 18 Buick 151 (BUIC) 98-806 Hino 228 (HINO) 19 Cadillac 152 (CADI) 37 Honda 171 (HOND) 98-903 Carpenter 228 29-398 Hudson 208 (HUDS) 29-002 Checker 208 (CHEC) 55 Hyundai 173 (HYUN) 20 Chevrolet 153 (CHEV) 08 Imperial 174 (CHRY) 06 Chrysler 157 (CHRY) 58 Infiniti 174 (INFI) 69-033 Citroen 208 (CITR) 84 International 219 (INTL) 98-904 Collins Bus 228 Harvester 64 Daewoo 159 (DAEW) 38 Isuzu 175 (ISU ) 60 Daihatsu 159 (DAIH) 88 Iveco/Magirus 222 (IVEC) 35 Datsun 189 (DATS) 39 Jaguar 177 (JAGU) 69-034 DeLorean 208 (DELO) 69-037 Jensen 209 (JENS) 29-398 Desoto 208 (DESO) 02 Jeep 177 (AMER) 69-048 Desta 209 02 Kaiser-Jeep 177 (AMER) 81 Diamond Reo 216 (DIAR) 73 Kawasaki 212 (KAWK) or Reo 85 Kenworth 220 (KW) 98-905 DINA 228 (DINA) 63 Kia 178 (KIA) 98-803 Divco 227 (DIVC) 69-058 Koenigsegg 210 07 Dodge 159 (DODG) 69-053 Lada 209 (LADA) 2010 141 FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC MAKE MODEL CODE* MAKE MODEL CODE* CODE TABLE CODE TABLE PAGE # PAGE # 69-038 Lamborghini 209 (LAMO) 24 Saturn 198 (STRN) 40 Lancia 179 (LNCI) 98-807 Scania 228 (SCAN) 62 Land Rover 179 (LNDR) 69-044 Simca 209 (SIM) 59 Lexus 180 (LEXS) 69-398 Singer 210 (SIN) 13 Lincoln 181 (LINC) 65 Smart 199 69-039 Lotus 209 (LOTU) 69-057 Spyker 210 86 Mack 221 (MACK) 61 Sterling 199 (STLG) 69-061 Mahinda 210 98-809 Sterling 228 (STLG) 69-040 Maserati 209 (MASE) 29-001 Studabaker 208 (STU ) 69-056 Maybach 210 (MAYB) 29-398 Stutz 208 (STUZ) 41 Mazda 181 (MAZD) 48 Subaru 200 (SUBA) 93 MCI 226 (MCIN) 69-045 Sunbeam 209 (SUNB) 42 Mercedes-Benz 183 (MERZ) 53 Suzuki 201 (SUZI) 14 Mercury 185 (MERC) 69-059 Tesla 210 56 Merkur 187 (MERK) 94 Thomas Built 226 (THMS) 98-906 Mid Bus 228 49 Toyota 202 (TOYT) 69-054 Mini-Cooper 210 50 Triumph 204 (TRIU) 43 MG 187 (MG) 69-046 TVR 209 (TVR) 52 Mitsubishi 187 (MITS) 98-808 UD 228 (UD) 69-055 Morgan 210 (MORG) 98-908 Van Hool 228 69-041 Morris 209 (MORR) 77 Victory 213 (VCTY) 74 Moto-Guzzi 212 (MOGU) 30 Volkswagen 205 (VOLK) 84 Navistar 219 (NAVI) 51 Volvo 206 (VOLV) 98-902 Neoplan 228 (NEOP) 98-804 Western Star 227 (WSTR) 35 Nissan 189 (NISS) 89 White/Autocar 224 (WHIT) 75 Norton 213 (NORT) 89 White/GMC 224 (WHGM) 21 Oldsmobile 191 (OLDS) 02 Willys-Jeep 177 (AMER) 18 Opel 152 (OPEL) 76 Yamaha 213 (YAMA) 98-907 Orion 228 (ONTR) 69-060 Yes 210 98-805 Oshkosh 227 (OSHK) 57 Yugo 208 (YUGO) 29-398 Packard 208 (PACK) 29-003 Panoz 208 (PANZ) * Reference: Code Manual, Fifth 87 Peterbilt 223 (PTRB) Educational National Crime Information 44 Peugeot 192 (PEUG) Center U.S. Department of Justice, 09 Plymouth 193 (PLYM) Federal Bureau of Investigation Section 4 22 Pontiac 195 (PONT) – Vehicle Make Codes 45 Porsche 196 (PORS) 69-049 Reliant (British) 209 (RELA) 46 Renault 197 (RENA) 69-042 Rolls Royce 209 (ROL) 47 Saab 198 (SAA) 29-004 Saleen 208 142 2010 NUMERICAL LISTING OF MAKES FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC MAKE MODEL CODE* MAKE MODEL CODE* CODE TABLE CODE TABLE PAGE # PAGE # 01 American Motors 147 (AMER) 41 Mazda 181 (MAZD) 02 Jeep 177 (AMER) 42 Mercedes-Benz 183 (MERZ) 02 Kaiser-Jeep 177 (AMER) 43 MG 187 (MG) 02 Willys-Jeep 177 (AMER) 44 Peugeot 192 (PEUG) 03 AM General 146 (AMGN) 45 Porsche 196 (PORS) 06 Chrysler 157 (CHRY) 46 Renault 197 (RENA) 07 Dodge 159 (DODG) 47 Saab 198 (SAA) 08 Imperial 174 (CHRY) 48 Subaru 200 (SUBA) 09 Plymouth 193 (PLYM) 49 Toyota 202 (TOYT) 10 Eagle 163 (EGIL) 50 Triumph 204 (TRIU) 12 Ford 164 (FORD) 51 Volvo 206 (VOLV) 13 Lincoln 181 (LINC) 52 Mitsubishi 187 (MITS) 14 Mercury 185 (MERC) 53 Suzuki 201 (SUZI) 18 Buick 151 (BUIC) 54 Acura 145 (ACUR) 18 Opel 152 (OPEL) 55 Hyundai 171 (HYUN) 19 Cadillac 152 (CADI) 56 Merkur 187 (MERK) 20 Chevrolet 153 (CHEV) 57 Yugo 208 (YUGO) 21 Oldsmobile 191 (OLDS) 58 Infiniti 174 (INFI) 22 Pontiac 195 (PONT) 59 Lexus 180 (LEXS) 23 GMC 168 (GMC) 60 Daihatsu 159 (DAIH) 24 Saturn 198 (STRN) 61 Sterling 199 (STLG) 25 Grumman 170 (GRUM) 62 Land Rover 179 (LNDR) 30 Volkswagen 205 (VOLK) 63 Kia 178 (KIA) 31 Alfa Romeo 145 (ALFA) 64 Daewoo 159 (DAEW) 32 Audi 148 (AUDI) 65 Smart 199 33 Austin/Austin 149 (AUST) 70 BSA 211 (BSA) Healey 71 Ducati 211 (DUCA) 34 BMW 149 (BMW) 72 Harley- 211 (HD) 35 Datsun 189 (DATS) Davidson 35 Nissan 189 (NISS) 73 Kawasaki 212 (KAWK) 36 Fiat 163 (FIAT) 74 Moto-Guzzi 212 (MOGU) 37 Honda 171 (HOND) 75 Norton 213 (NORT) 38 Isuzu 175 (ISU ) 76 Yamaha 213 (YAMA) 39 Jaguar 177 (JAGU) 77 Victory 213 (VCTY) 40 Lancia 179 (LNCI) 80 Brockway 215 (BROC) 2010 143 FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC FARS MAKE MAKE/ NCIC MAKE MODEL CODE* MAKE MODEL CODE* CODE TABLE CODE TABLE PAGE # PAGE # 81 Diamond Reo or 216 (DIAR) 69-044 Simca 209 (SIM) Reo 69-045 Sunbeam 209 (SUNB) 82 Freightliner 217 (FRHT) 69-046 TVR 209 (TVR) 83 FWD 218 (FWD) 69-048 Desta 209 84 International 219 (INTL) 69-049 Reliant (British) 209 (RELA) Harvester 69-052 Bertone 209 (BERO) 84 Navistar 219 (NAVI) 69-053 Lada 209 (LADA) 85 Kenworth 220 (KW) 69-054 Mini-Cooper 210 86 Mack 221 (MACK) 69-055 Morgan 210 (MORG) 87 Peterbilt 223 (PTRB) 69-056 Maybach 210 (MAYB) 88 Iveco/Magirus 222 (IVEC) 69-057 Spyker 210 89 White/Autocar 224 (WHIT) 69-058 Koenigsegg 210 89 White/GMC 224 (WHGM) 69-059 Tesla 210 90 Bluebird 225 (BLUI) 69-060 Yes 210 91 Eagle Coach 225 69-061 Mahinda 210 92 Gillig 226 69-398 Fisker 210 93 MCI 226 (MCIN) 69-398 Gazelle 210 (GZL) 94 Thomas Built 226 (THMS) 69-398 Singer 210 (SIN) 29-001 Avanti 208 (AVTI) 98-802 Auto-Union- 227 (AUTU) 29-001 Studabaker 208 (STU ) DKW 29-002 Checker 208 (CHEC) 98-803 Divco 227 (DIVC) 29-003 Panoz 208 (PANZ) 98-804 Western Star 227 (WSTR) 29-004 Saleen 208 98-805 Oshkosh 227 (OSHK) 29-398 Desoto 208 (DESO) 98-806 Hino 228 (HINO) 29-398 Excaliber 208 (EXCL) 98-807 Scania 228 (SCAN) 29-398 Hudson 208 (HUDS) 98-808 UD 228 (UD) 29-398 Packard 208 (PACK) 98-809 Sterling 228 (STLG) 29-398 Stutz 208 (STUZ) 98-902 Neoplan 228 (NEOP) 69-031 Aston Martin 208 (ASTO) 98-903 Carpenter 228 69-032 Bricklin 208 (BRIC) 98-904 Collins Bus 228 69-033 Citroen 208 (CITR) 98-905 DINA 228 (DINA) 69-034 DeLorean 208 (DELO) 98-906 Mid Bus 228 69-035 Ferrari 209 (FERR) 98-907 Orion 228 (ONTR) 69-036 Hillman 209 (HILL) 98-908 Van Hool 228 69-037 Jensen 209 (JENS) 69-038 Lamborghini 209 (LAMO) * Reference: Code Manual, Fifth 69-039 Lotus 209 (LOTU) Educational National Crime Information 69-040 Maserati 209 (MASE) Center U.S. Department of Justice, 69-041 Morris 209 (MORR) Federal Bureau of Investigation Section 4 69-042 Bentley 209 (BENT) – Vehicle Make Codes 69-042 Rolls Royce 209 (ROL) 144 2010 PASSENGER CARS MAKE: Acura (54) (ACUR) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Integra GS, LS, RS, GS-R, Type R 1986-2001, 03-05,07,09 9999 032 Legend L, LS, GS, Special Edition, 1986-95,9999 02,04,08 GS-R 033 NSX NSX-T 1991-2005, 02 2010, 9999 034 Vigor 1992-94,9999 04 035 TL 3.2, 3.7, SH-AWD 1996-2010, 04 9999 036 RL 3.5, 3.7 1996-2010, 04 9999 037 CL 2.2, 2.3, 3.0, 3.2, Type S 1997-2003, 02 9999 038 RSX 2.0, Type S 2002-06,9999 03 039 TSX 2.4, 3.5 2004-10,9999 04 040 ZDX 3.7, SH-AWD 2010 05 398 Other (automobile) 1986-2010, 02-05,07-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1986-2010, 02-05,07-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 SLX 1996-2000, 14 9999 402 RDX 2.3, SH-AWD 2007-10,9999 14 421 MDX 2001-10,9999 15 499 Unknown (light truck) 1996-2010, 19 9999 999 Unknown (ACURA) 1986-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Alfa Romeo (31) (ALFA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Spider (Spyder) Roadsters, Veloce, 1933-94,9999 01-02,09 Quadrifoglio, Duetto, Graduate, 1600/1750/1900/ 2000 roadsters, Giulia, Giulietta, Giulietta Veloce, Tipo 2010 145 MAKE: Alfa Romeo (Cont.) (31) (ALFA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 032 Sports Sedan 4-door sedans (except 164); 1933-89,9999 04 Milano, Giulietta, Super, Berlina, Alfetta, Giulia 1750/1900/2000/2600 sedans, Alpha 90 033 Sprint/Special 2-door coupes; Alfetta GT, 1933-80,9999 02 Monteal, 1750/1900/2000/ 2600 GTV, Sprint GT, GT Veloce, Giulia, Giulietta, Super, GTA, GTV, GTZ, TZ2 034 GTV-6 1981-86,9999 02 035 164 (Alpha 164) LS, Q, Quadrifoglio 1990-95,9999 04 036 8c Competizione, Spyder 2009-10,9999 01, 03 398 Other (automobile) Alfa, Montreal 1933-95, 01-04,08-09 2009-10,9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1933-95, 01-04,08-09 2009-10,9999 MAKE: AM General (03) (AMGN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Dispatcher Post Office (Jeep) 1965-94,9999 14 402 Hummer H3 (Base, Luxury, 2006-10,9999 14 Adventure, Limited Edition), x, Alpha 421 Hummer (SUV from 1993- Slantback-HMSB, H1, H2 1993-2003, 15 2003; see 431 for 2004 9999 on) (for Pickup, see model 481) 431 Hummer (2004 on; see H1 (Base, Luxury, 2004-10,9999 16 model 421 for 1993-2003) Adventure), H2 (Base, Luxury, Adventure), Limousine 466 Dispatcher DJ-series-Post Office Van 1965-91,9999 22 481 Hummer (Pickup) (for H1, H2 (Base, Luxury, 2002-10,9999 31 SUV see model 421 for Adventure, Limited Edition), 1993-2003; see 431 for Alpha 2004 on) 482 Hummer H3T (Adventure, Luxury, 2009-10,9999 31 Alpha) 498 Other (light truck) 1940-2010, 14-16,19,22,31-33, 9999 39-42, 45, 48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1940-2010, 14-16,19,22,31-33, 9999 39-42, 45, 48-49 146 2010 MAKE: AM General (Cont.) (03) (AMGN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 884 Medium/Heavy Truck Military off-road 1965-2010, 60-64,71-72,78 9999 898 Other (medium/heavy truck) 1965-94,9999 60-64,71-72,78 BUSES 983 Bus: Rear engine, Transit 1965-94,9999 52 Flat front 988 Other (bus) 1965-94,9999 50-52,58-59 989 Unknown Bus Type 1965-94,9999 50-52,58-59 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-94,9999 91-93,97 999 Unknown (AM GENERAL) 1965-2010, 49,79,99 9999 MAKE: American Motors* (01) (AMER) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Rambler/American Rogue, 220, 330, 440, 1954-69,9999 01-02,04,06, Scrambler Deluxe, Custom, 08-09 Super, Classic, Brougham 002 Rebel/Matador/Marlin 550, 660, 770, Classic 1964-78,9999 01-02,04,06, Brougham Barcelona 08-09 003 Ambassador 800, 880, 990, SST, DPL, 1958-74,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Brougham, DDL, Limited 004 Pacer D/L, X, Limited 1975-80,9999 02-03,06,09 005 AMX (2-seater only) 1968-70,9999 02-03,09 006 Javelin SST, AMX (1971-1974) 1968-74,9999 02-03,09 007 Hornet/Concord SST, Sportabout, AMX 1970-83,9999 01-04,06,08-09 (1975-1978) Limited, DL, SC-360 008 Spirit/Gremlin Limited, DL, GT (1983 on), 1970-83,9999 02-03,09 Custom, X, AMX (1979 on) 009 Eagle Concord based, 30 Series 1980-88,9999 01-04,06,08-09 010 Eagle SX-4 Spirit/Gremlin based 50 1981-84,9999 02-03,09 Series 398 Other (automobile) 1940-88,9999 01-04,06,08-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1940-88,9999 01-04,06,08-09 * NOTE: Alliance, Encore, Premier (including L, DL, and Limited) is coded under Renault (46). 2010 147 MAKE: Audi (32) (AUDI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Super 90 1966-72,9999 02,04,06,08-09 032 100 S, CS, LS, GL, Quattro 1970-77; 02,04,06,08-09 (1989-on) 1989-94,9999 033 Fox 1973-79,9999 02,04,06,08-09 034 4000 Quattro, Coupe, Coupe GT, 1980-93,9999 02,04,08 CS, S 035 5000 Quattro, CS, S, CS Turbo 1978-93,9999 04,06,09 Quattro, T 036 80/90 Quattro, Coupe Quattro 1988-95,9999 04 037 200 Turbo Quattro 1989-92,9999 04,06,09 038 V-8 Quattro 100 series 1990-94,9999 04 039 Coupe Quattro 4000 series 1990-91,9999 02-03,09 040 S4/S6 Quattro, Avant Quattro 1992-95; 01,04,06,09 (Wagon), 3.0, 4.2 Saloon, 2000-10,9999 Avant (2.7), RS4, Special Edition, V10, 5.6 041 Cabriolet (1994-1998) 1994-98,9999 01 042 A6 Avant Quattro Wagon (3.0L, 1995-2010, 04,06,09 3.0T), Quattro (2.7T, 4.2), 9999 FrontTrak (2.8, 3.0L), RS6, 3.2, S Line, 3.0T 043 A4 Avant Wagon (1.8T, 2.0T, 1996-2010, 01,04,06,09 2.8, 3.0, 3.2), Avant Quattro 9999 Wagon, FrontTrak (1.8, 2.8, 3.0),Quattro (1.8T, 2.0T, 3.0, 3.2), Special Edition, S Line 044 A8 4.2 Quattro, L, W12 1997-2010, 04 9999 045 TT/TTS FWD, Quattro AWD, 180, 2000-10,9999 01-03, 09 225 Quattro Roadster, FrontTrak (180), 1.8L, 2.0, 3.2L, S Line, RS 046 S8 4.2 Quattro, 5.2 2001-03; 02,04 2007-09, 9999 047 Allroad QuattroWagon, 2.7T, 4.2 2001-05,9999 06 048 A3 2.0T/FSI, 3.2 S Line 2006-10,9999 05 049 A5 3.2 2008-10,9999 01, 02 050 R8 4.2, 5.2 2008-10,9999 01-02 051 A7 2008-10,9999 04 052 S5 4.2 2008-10,9999 01, 02 053 A2 2009 05 053 RS5 2010 02 148 2010 MAKE: Audi (Cont.) (32) (AUDI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 398 Other (automobile) 1970-2010, 01-06, 08-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1970-2010, 01-06, 08-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Q7 3.6/4.2 Premium, Hybrid 2007-10,9999 14 402 Q5 3.2 2008-10,9999 14 499 Unknown (light truck) 2007-10,9999 14 999 Unknown (AUDI) 1966-2010, 49, 99 9999 MAKE: Austin/Austin Healey (33) (AUST) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Marina GT 1973-75,9999 01-04,08-09 032 America 1968-72,9999 02 033 Healey Sprite Mark II, MKIV/Princess 1958-70,9999 01,04,09 (Special Order) 034 Healey 100/3000 M, S, Mark III 1953-67,9999 01 035 Mini/Mini Cooper/Mini 850, S 1960-69,9999 01-02,06,09 Moke 398 Other (automobile) A35, A40, Westminster, 1947-75,9999 01-04,06,08-09 Cambridge, Somerset, Seven, Hereford, Sports, Sheerline, Atlantic, Countryman, Dorset, Devon 399 Unknown (automobile) 1947-75,9999 01-04,06,08-09 MAKE: BMW (34) (BMW) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 1600/1800/2000/2002 Ti, Tii, Tilux, TR, CS, 1955-76,9999 01-04,08-09 1600-2, SA, Turbo, A, 1500, 2600, 501, 502 032 Coupe (before 1975) 2800CS, 3.0CS, 3.0csi, 1956-76,9999 01-03,09 3.0csl, 3200, 503, 507, M1, 1802, 2000c/cs, 2002 033 Bavarian Sedan 2500, 2800, 2.8 Barvarian 1969-74,9999 04 2010 149 MAKE: BMW (Cont.) (34) (BMW) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 034 3-series 3.0s/si, 318i/is/ti/ic, 320i, 1971-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 323iS/iC/i/Ci,325e/es/i/iS/ii/ 9999 C/Ci/Cic/xi/iT/xiT, Sport Wagon (iT/xiT), 328i/iS/ti/ iC/Ci/xi, xDrive, 330i/Ci/ Cic/xi, 335i/xi/d, xDrive, M3 035 5-series 524i,525i/xi,528i/iT/xi, 1975-2010, 04,05, 06,09 xDrive, 530i/iT/xi,533i, 9999 535i/xi,xDrive, 550i 540/i/iA/iT, TD Sport Wagon,525i/iT, (wagon 1992-93), M5, 545i, 550i, GT 036 6-series 630, 633, 635, csi, M6, L6, 1976-89, 01, 02 645Ci, 650i, Neiman 2004-10,9999 Marcus Edition 037 7-series 733i, 735i, L7, 740i/L/iL/iA 1978-2010, 04 /Li Protection,750 i/iL/Li 9999 Protection,745i/Li,760i/Li, Alpina B7, Individual 038 8-series 840Ci/cia, 850i/iS/Ci/Cia 1991-97,9999 02 039 Z3 2.3/2.8/2.5i/3.0i Roadster, 1996-2003, 01-03, 09 MRoadster, MCoupe, 9999 2.8/3.0i Coupe 040 Z8 2000-03,9999 01 041 V5 2007-08,9999 06 042 Z4 2.5i, 3.0i/si, 35i, Z4M 2003-10,9999 01 043 1-Series 128i, 135i 2008-10,9999 01, 02 044 X6 35i, 50i 2008-10,9999 05 398 Other (automobile) 1955-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1955-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 X5 3.0i/si, 4.0is, 4.4i, 4.6is, 2000-10,9999 14 4.8is, M, 35d 402 X3 2.5i, 3.0i/xDrive, 4.8is, M 2004-10,9999 14 499 Unknown (light truck) 2000-10,9999 14 150 2010 MAKE: BMW (Cont.) (34) (BMW) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 703 125-349cc 1948-66,9999 80 705 450-749cc 1950-2003; 80 2006-10,9999 706 750cc and over 1969-2010, 80 9999 709 Unknown cc 1948-2010, 80 9999 999 Unknown (BMW) 1948-2010, 99 9999 MAKE: Buick (18) (BUIC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Special/Skylark GS (350, 400, 455), Deluxe 1946-73,9999 01-04,06,08-09 GS California, Sport Wagon, Custom Roadmaster (1946-59) 002 LeSabre/Centurion/ Estate Wagon, Invicta, 1959-2005, 01-02,04,06, Wildcat Custom, Limited, T-Type, 9999 08-09 Ltd, C.M.I, LE, Celebration Edition, Best Seller 003 Electra/Electra 225/Park Limited, Park Avenue, Ultra, 1959-2005, 01-02,04,06, Avenue (1991-on) Base, Prestige, SE 9999 08-09 004 Roadmaster Estate Wagon, Limited 1991-96,9999 04,06,09 005 Riviera S-Type, T-Type, Coupe 1963-93; 01-02,09 Anniversrary Edition, Silver 1995-99,9999 Arrow 007 Century Luxus, T-Type, FWD (82- 1954-2005, 01-02,04,06, on), Custom, Regal (72-77), 9999 08-09 Limited, LE, SE, Base 008 Apollo/Skylark Skylark (75), S/R 1973-76,9999 02-04,08-09 010 Regal (RWD only) Turbo, Luxus, Grand 1978-88,9999 02,04,06,08-09 National GNX, T-Type 012 Skyhawk S-Type, Roadhawk, T-Type, 1975-80; 02-04,06,08-09 GT 1982-89,9999 015 Skylark (76-85) S/R, S, Limited, Sport, 1975-85,9999 02-04,08-09 T-Type 018 Somerset/Skylark Skylark (86-on), 1985-98,9999 02,04,08 Sommerset, GS, Regal, Custom, Limited, T-Type 020 Regal (FWD) Limited, Custom, Gold, 1987-2004, 02,04,08 Grand Sport GS, LS, Sport 9999 2010 151 MAKE: Buick (Cont.) (18) (BUIC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 021 Reatta 1988-91,9999 01-02,09 022 LaCrosse CX, CXL (FWD/AWD), 2005-10,9999 04 CXS, Super 023 Lucerne CX, CXL V6, CXL V8, CXS, 2006-10,9999 04 Super, Special Edition 024 Enclave CX, CXL (FWD/AWD) 2008-10,9999 06 031 Opel Kadett 1965-72,9999 02,04,06,08-09 032 Opel Manta 1900, Luxus, Ralley, Sports 1966-75,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Coupe 033 Opel GT 1969-75,9999 02 034 Opel Isuzu Deluxe, Sport 1976-79,9999 02,04,08 398 Other (automobile) 1965-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1950-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Rendezvous CX, CXL, Ultra, Plus 2002-07,9999 14 402 Rainier CXL, CXL Plus 2004-07,9999 14 441 Terraza CX, CXL 2005-07,9999 20 499 Unknown (light truck) 2002-07,9999 14, 20 999 Unknown (BUICK) 1946-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Cadillac (19) (CADI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 003 Deville/Fleetwood (except Coupe de Ville, Sedan de 1940-2005, 01-02,04,08-09 Limousine) Ville, Fleetwood Brougham, 9999 Fleetwood 60 Special, d’Elegance, Concours, DHS, DTS 004 Limousine Fleetwood 75, Formal, 1940-2010, 12 Deville-based, DTS 9999 005 Eldorado Biarritz, El-doro, Touring 1967-2003, 01-02,09 Coupe, ESC, ETC 9999 006 Commercial Series Ambulance/Hearse, 1940-2010, 09-12 Professional 9999 009 Allante’ 1987-93,9999 01-02,09 014 Seville Elegante, STS, SLS 1976-2004, 04 9999 016 Cimarron D’Oro 1982-88,9999 04 017 Catera Sport 1997-2001, 04 9999 152 2010 MAKE: Cadillac (Cont.) (19) (CADI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 018 CTS/CTC Luxury, Luxury Sport, V- 2003-10,9999 02, 04, 06 Series, 2.8L, 3.0L, 3.6L 019 XLR Neiman Marcus Edition, 2004-09,9999 01 V-Series, Standard, Plantinum 020 SRX V6, V8, Sports Package, 2004-10,9999 06 2.8L Turbo, 3.0L 021 STS V6,V8, V-Series, Luxury, 2005-10,9999 04 Premium, Standard, Platinum 022 DTS Luxury I, II, III, V8, 2006-10,9999 04 Performance, Platinum 398 Other (automobile) 1965-2010, 01-02,04,06, 9999 08-09,12 399 Unknown (automobile) 1950-2010, 01-02,04,06, 9999 08-09,12 LIGHT TRUCKS 421 Escalade/ESV (from 2004 4WD, 2WD, Standard, 1999-2000; 15 on; see 431 for 2003) Platinum, Limousine, Hybrid 2002-10,9999 431 Escalade ESV 2003 16 480 Escalade EXT (from 2002 4WD, 2WD 2002-06,9999 31 -2006; for 2007 on see 481) 481 Escalade EXT (from 2007 4WD, 2WD 2007-10,9999 31 on; see 480 for 2002- 2006) 499 Unknown (light truck) 1999-2000; 49 2002-10,9999 999 Unknown (CADILLAC) 1940-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Chevrolet (20) (CHEV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Chevelle/Malibu Classic, Councours, 1963-83,9999 01-02,04,06, (thru ’83) Laguna**, S-3, Greenbriar, 08-09 Estate, 300, SS-396/454, Deluxe 002 Impala/Caprice Biscayne, Belair, Super 1955-96; 01-02,04,06, Sport, Classic, Classic 2000-10,9999 08-09 Brougham, Townsman, Brookwood, Kingswood, LS, LT, LTZ, Sport, SS, Luxury 2010 153 MAKE: Chevrolet (Cont.) (20) (CHEV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 004 Corvette Stingray, C5, Z06, Z06-R 1953-82; 01-03,09 50th Anniversary Edition, 1984-2010, Commemorative Edition, 9999 Indy Pace Car, ZR1, Grand Sport 006 Corvair Monza, Corsa, 500, Yenko 1960-69,9999 01-02,04,06, 08-09 007 El Camino Royal Knight, SS 1958-94,9999 10 008 Nova (-‘79) Chevy II, LN, LE, Concours, 1962-79,9999 01-04,06,09 SS-350/396, Rally 009 Camaro SS, RS, LT, Berlinetta, 1967-2002, 01-03,09 Iroc-Z, Z28 2010, 9999 010 Monte Carlo (thru ‘88) LS, SS, Aerocoupe, 1970-88,9999 02 Landau, Z34 011 Vega GT, Cosworth 1971-77,9999 02-04,06,08-09 012 Monza Spyder, 2 + 2, Towne 1974-80,9999 02-04,06,08-09 Coupe 013 Chevette S, Scooter, CS 1976-87,9999 03-05,07,09 015 Citation X-11, Citation II 1980-85,9999 02-05,07,09 016 Cavalier CS, RS, Z24, LS, Sport, 1982-2005, 01-04,06,08-09 Special Value Package 9999 017 Celebrity CS, Eurosport, VR 1982-90,9999 02,04,06,08-09 019 Beretta/Corsica GT, GTZ, LT, LTZ, PX, QX, 1982-96,9999 02,04-05,08-09 KX, LX, MX, Z26 020 Lumina Z-34, Euro, LTZ, LS 1990-2001, 02,04,06,08-09 9999 022 Cobalt LS, LT, LTZ, SS, SS 2005-10,9999 02,04 Supercharged, Sport, VL 023 HHR LS, 1LT, 2LT, SS, Panel 2006-10,9999 06 024 Traverse LS, LT, LTZ 2009-10,9999 06 031 Spectrum 1985-89,9999 02-05,08-09 032 Nova/Geo Prism/Prism CL, NUMMI-built vehicles, 1985-2002, 02-05,07-09 LSi 9999 033 Sprint/Geo Sprint (Cultus - foreign) 1985-89,9999 03,05,07 034 Geo Metro/Metro Lsi, Xfi 1989-2001, 01,03-05,07,09 9999 035 Geo Storm Gsi 1985-93,9999 02-03,09 036 Monte Carlo (1995 on) FWD, LS, Z34, LS, LT, LTZ, 1995-2007, 02 SS, Sport Edition 9999 037 Malibu/Malibu Maxx Base, LS, LT, LTZ, SS, 1997-2010, 04-06 Hybrid 9999 038 SSR Signature Series, LS, LS5, 2004-06,9999 10 1SS, 2SS, 3SS 154 2010 MAKE: Chevrolet (Cont.) (20) (CHEV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 039 Aveo/Aveo 5 Base, LS, LT, Special Value 2004-10,9999 04-05 398 Other (automobile) Fleetmaster, Fleetline, 1930-2010, 01-11 Styline Special, One-fifty, 9999 Bel-Air, Del Ray, Biscayne 399 Unknown (automobile) 1930-2010, 01-11 9999 **Nomad, Malibu , Laguna and other similar terms may be used on all models as a reflection of trim type. LIGHT TRUCKS 401 S-10 Blazer/TrailBlazer S-10 p/u based,LS,LT,ZR2 1982-2005, 14 (2002 only; for 2003 on, TrailBlazer, Xtreme, ZR2, 9999 see 403) LS, LT, LTZ, EXT 402 Geo Tracker/Tracker Lsi, LT, ZR2 1989-2004, 14 9999 403 TrailBlazer (from 2003 on; LS, LT, LTZ, North Face 2003-09,9999 14 for 2002, see 401) Edition, EXT, SS (LS/LT) 404 Equinox LS, LT, LTZ, Sport 2005-10,9999 14 421 Fullsize Blazer/Tahoe K-series, fullsized p/u 1969-2010, 15 based, LS, LT, LTD, LTZ, 9999 4WD, Z71, Hybrid 422 Suburban (from 2004 on; LS, LT, LTZ, Z71 2004-10,9999 15 see 431 for 1950-2003) 431 Suburban (from 1950- all models (C1500/2500, 1950-2003, 16 2003;see 422 for 2004 K1500/2500), LS, LT, Z71 9999 on) 441 Astro Van Minivan, Cargo, Passenger, 1985-2005, 20 LT, LS, Conversion 9999 442 Lumina APV Minivan, MPV 1990-96,9999 20 443 Venture Cargo, Passenger, Plus, 1997-2005, 20 LS, LT, Value, Value Plus, 9999 Extended, W. B. Edition, Entertainer 444 Uplander Base, LS, LT, LT(AWD), LT 2005-08,9999 20 Entertainer 461 G-series van Beauville,Chevy Van, Sport 1957-2010, 21-22,28-29 Van, G10-G30, Express, 9999 G1500/2500/3500, LT, LS 466 P-series van 1965-99,9999 22,28-29 2010 155 MAKE: Chevrolet (Cont.) (20) (CHEV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 470 Van derivative Parcel Van, Hi-cube 1965-2010, 28-29 9999 471 S-10/T-10 Pickup 4 x 4, Fleetside, Extended, 1982-2005, 30,32,40,42 Crew, LS, S-10, Xtreme, 9999 ZR2, ZR5, electric pickup* 472 LUV Imported pickup 1972-91,9999 30,32,40,42 473 Colorado Z71, Z85, Sport, LS, LT, 2004-10,9999 30 Work, Value 481 C, K, R, V-Series C10-C30, K10-K30, 1940-2010, 31-32,39-40,42 pickup/Silverado R10-R30, V10-V30, 9999 Silverado: 1500 (C-K, HD), 2500 (C-K, HD), 3500 (CK), ST, LS, LT, Z71, Fleetside, Sportside, CrewCab, SS, Hybrid, LTZ, WT 482 Avalanche 1500/2500 Premium, North 2002-10,9999 31 Face Edition, Z71, Z66, LS, LT, LTZ 498 Other (light truck) 1940-2010, 14-16,19-22, 9999 28-32, 39-40,42, 45,48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1932-2010, 14-16,19-22, 9999 28-32,39-40,42, 45, 48-49 * Electric Vehicle, Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level, Code “36” MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck-based 1949-2010, 65,73 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 880 Medium/Heavy Pickup 1953-2010, 67 (pickup-style only – over 9999 10,000 lbs) 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE C50/60/65; M60/65; 1955-2010, 60-64,66, H70/80/90; J70/80/90; 9999 71-72,78 Bison 90; Kodiak (C4500) all other CBE 882 Medium/Heavy – COE T60/65, all other COE low 1960-2010, 60-64,66, low entry entry 9999 71-72,78 156 2010 MAKE: Chevrolet (Cont.) (20) (CHEV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.) 883 Medium/Heavy – COE Titan 90, all other COE high 1971-80,9999 60-64,66, high entry entry 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1951-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1949-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional S-60 series 1967-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1934-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (CHEVROLET) 1933-2010, 49,79,99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MAKE: Chrysler/DaimlerChrysler (06) (CHRY) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 009 Cordoba Crown, 300, LS 1975-83,9999 02 010 New Yorker (thru 78)/ Town and Country, 1946-89,9999 01-02,04,06, Newport/5th Avenue/ Brougham, Custom, Royal, 08-09,11-12 Imperial (1979-83) 300 (thru 1971) Frank (excludes all FWD) Sinatra editions (FS), Royal Limo, Windsor Wagon/ Ambulance 014 New Yorker/E-Class/ FWD vehicles, Turbo, Salon 1980-93,9999 02,04,08 Imperial (1990-93)/ Fifth Avenue 015 Laser Turbo, XE, XT 1984-86,9999 03 016 LeBaron Premium, Salon (RWD), 1977-94,9999 01-09 Landau, LX, Town and Country cars and wagon, Medallion, FWD except GTS or GTC Sport Coupe 2010 157 MAKE: Chrysler/DaimlerChrysler (Cont.) (06) (CHRY) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 017 LeBaron GTS/GTC GT, GTS-Turbo, GTC- 1982-95,9999 01-09 Sport Coupe 031 TC (Maserati Sport) Turbo Convertible 1988-91,9999 01-03,09 035 Conquest TSI, Turbo 1987-89,9999 03 041 Concorde LX, LXi, Limited 1993-2004, 04 9999 042 LHS New Yorker (1994-on) 1994-97; 04 1999-2001, 9999 043 Sebring JX, JXi, LX, LXi,GTC, TSi, 1995-2010, 01-02,04,08-09 Limited, Plus, Platinum, 9999 Touring, Signature Series 044 Cirrus LX, LXi 1995-2000, 04 9999 050 Executive Sedan and Limo 1983-87,9999 04,09,11-12 051 300M/300/300C Special, Platinum, Touring, 1999-2010, 04 Limited, SRT, Signature 9999 Series, SRT8, LX, SRT, Heritage, Great American, Walter P. Chrysler Executive Series 052 PT Cruiser Base, Touring, Limited, GT, 2001-10,9999 01,06 Turbo, Dream Cruiser, Platinum, Series 4, Signature Series, Street Cruiser, Pacific Coast Highway, LX, Sunset Blvd. 053 Prowler (2002 on) Roadster, Black Tie Edition 2002 01 (1997,1999-01 see Plymouth) 054 Pacifica Premium, Luxury, Touring, 2004-08,9999 06 Signature Series, LX 055 Crossfire Limited, SRT6, Standard 2004-08,9999 01,02 398 Other (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-09,11-12 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-09,11-12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 421 Aspen Limited, Signature, Hybrid 2007-09,9999 15 158 2010 MAKE: Chrysler/DaimlerChrysler (Cont.)(06) (CHRY) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 441 Town and Country Minivan, SX, LX, LXi, Ltd., 1990-2010, 20 SWB, LWB, AWD, FWD, 9999 eL, eX, Touring, Platinum, Signature Series 442 Voyager (2000 on; Base, Popular, Value, LX, 2000-03,9999 20 1984-00 see Plymouth) eC 499 Unknown (light truck) 1990-2010, 15, 20,29 9999 999 Unknown (CHRYSLER) 1946-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Daewoo (64) (DAEW) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Lanos S, SE, SX, Sport 1999-2002, 03-04,09 9999 032 Nubira SX, CDX, SE 1999-2002, 04-06,09 9999 033 Leganza SE, SX, CDX 1999-2002, 04 9999 398 Other (automobile) 1999-2002, 03-07,09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1999-2002, 03-07,09 9999 MAKE: Daihatsu (60) (DAIH) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Charade 1988-94,9999 03-04,09 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Rocky 1990-92,9999 14 999 Unknown (DAIHATSU) 1990-94,9999 49 MAKE: Dodge (07) (DODG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Dart 170, 270, Custom, GT, 1960-76,9999 01-02,04,06, Swinger, Demon, 340, 360, 08-09 Special, Sport, Special Edition 2010 159 MAKE: Dodge (Cont.) (07) (DODG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 002 Coronet/Magnum/ Brougham, Custom, 1964-79,9999 01-02,04,06, Charger (thru 1978) Superbee, 500, Crestwood, 08-09 Deluxe, XE, R/T, 440, SE, Police 003 Polara/Monaco/ Royal Custom, Special, Police, 1964-78,9999 01-02,04,06, Monaco Taxi, Crestwood, Brougham 08-09 004 Viper RT/10, GTS, ACR, SRT-10 1992-2010, 01-02,09 9999 005 Challenger R/T, T/A, Rallye 1970-74,9999 01-02,09 006 Aspen Custom, Special Edition, 1976-80,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Police, R/T, Sport 007 Diplomat Medallion, S, Salon, SE 1977-89,9999 02,04,06,08-09 008 Omni/Charger (1983 on) 024, DeTomaso, Miser, 1978-90,9999 03,05,07 Charger 2.2, GLH, Custom, Shelby, GLHS, America, Expo, SE 009 Mirada 1980-83,9999 02 010 St Regis Police, Taxi 1979-81,9999 04 011 Aries (K) Custom, SE, LE 1981-89,9999 02,04,06,08-09 012 400 LS 1982-83,9999 01-02,04,08-09 013 Rampage (car-based 2.2, GT, Sport 1982-84,9999 10 pickup) 014 600 ES, Turbo, SE 1983-88,9999 01-02,04,08-09 015 Daytona Turbo Z, C/S Competition, 1984-93,9999 03 Shelby Z/CSX, Pacifica, IROC R/T 016 Lancer Pacifica, Turbo, ES, Shelby 1985-89,9999 02-09 017 Shadow ES, Turbo, America 1987-94,9999 01-03,05,07,09 018 Dynasty 1988-93,9999 02,04,08 019 Spirit ES, Shelby, R/T 1989-95,9999 01-02,04,08-09 020 Neon Competition, Highline, SE, 1995-2005, 02,04,08 ES, ACR R/T, SRT-4, SXT 9999 021 Magnum SE, SXT, R/T, SRT8 2005-08,9999 06 024 Charger Daytona, SRT8, R/T, SE, 2006-10,9999 04 SXT, SuperBee 025 Caliber SE, SXT, R/T, SRT4, Sport 2007-10,9999 05 026 Avenger SE, SXT, R/T 2008-10,9999 04 027 Journey SE, SXT, R/T 2009-10,9999 06 028 Challenger SRT8, SE, R/T 2008-10,9999 02 033 Challenger all import 1978-83,9999 02 034 Colt (includes 2WD GT, Custom, Carousel, 1974-94,9999 02-09 Vista) Premier, Deluxe, E, DL, GTS, Turbo, RS 160 2010 MAKE: Dodge (Cont.) (07) (DODG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 035 Conquest Turbo 1984-89,9999 03 039 Stealth RT, ES 1991-96,9999 02-03,09 040 Monaco 1990-92,9999 02,04,08 041 Intrepid ES, R/T, S, SE, SXT 1993-2004, 04 9999 042 Avenger ES 1995-2000, 02 9999 043 Stratus ES, SE, R/T, Plus, SXT 1995-2007, 02,04,08 9999 398 Other (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-10,12 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-10,12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 RaiderSport Sport 1986-94,9999 14 402 Durango (1998-2003 Sport, R/T, SLT, SXT, Plus 1998-2003, 14 only; see model 422 for 9999 2004 on) 403 Nitro SLT, SXT, R/T, SE 2007-10,9999 14 421 Ramcharger 1974-93,9999 15 422 Durango (2004 on; see ST, SLT, Limited, SXT, 2004-10,9999 15 402 for 1998-2003 Adventurer, Hybrid models) 441 Vista Van 4x4 (Only) 1984-91,9999 20 442 Caravan/Grand Caravan Mini Ram Van, 112 & 19 1984-2010, 20 WB, SE, ES, LE, Sport, EX, 9999 eC, eL, AWD, Sport, EPIC- elec* SXT, C/V, Special Edition, Cargo 461 B-Series Van/Ram Van/ Sportsman, Royal, 1963-2003, 21,28,40-42,48 Ram Wagon Maxiwagon, Ram, B1500- 9999 B3500, Tradesman, Ram Maxivan (1500, 2500, 3500), Ram Wagon (1500, 2500, 3500) Conversion, Cargo Van (1500: van, non- maxi van, maxi van; 2500: non-maxi, maxi van; 3500: non-maxi), Dodge Wagon (1500, 2500, 3500) 462 Sprinter Cargo, Passenger 2004-09,9999 21,28 470 Van Derivative Kary Van, Parcel Van 1971-2010, 28-29 9999 471 D50, Colt pickup, Ram 1979-93,9999 30,32 50/Ram 100 2010 161 MAKE: Dodge (Cont.) (07) (DODG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 472 Dakota R/T, Limited Edition, Quad 1987-2010, 30-33,39,40 Cab, Club Cab, Plus, SLT, 9999 ST, SXT, Sport, Laramie, TRX, SE 481 D, W-Series pickup Custom, Royal, Ram, Miser, 1955-93,9999 31-32,40,42 D100-D350, W100-W350 482 Ram Pickup 1500,2500,3500, Quad 1994-2011, 31-32,40,42 Cab, SLT, SLT+, ST, SRT- 9999 10, Laramie, Rumble Bee, Power Wagon, Daytona, TRX Off-Road, Sport 498 Other (light truck) 1979-2011, 14-15,19,20-22, 9999 28-33,39-42,45, 48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1949-2011, 14-15,19,20-22, 9999 28-33,39-42,45, 48-49 * Electric Vehicle. Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level Code “36.” MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck-based 1952-2011, 65,73 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 880 Medium/Heavy Pickup 1953-2011, 67 (pickup-style only – over 9999 10,000 lbs) 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1966-2011, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-77,9999 60-64,66, low entry 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-77,9999 60-64,66, high entry 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1962-2011, 60-64,66, Unknown engine 9999 71-72,78 location 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, entry position 71-72,78 unknown 898 Other (medium/heavy 1930-2011, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 162 2010 MAKE: Dodge (Cont.) (07) (DODG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional (not van based) 1966-77,9999 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 988 Other (bus) 1965-77,9999 50-52,58-59 **Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2011, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (DODGE) 1952-2011, 49,79,99 9999 MAKE: Eagle* (10) (EGIL) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 034 Summit (excludes wagon) DL, LX, ES, ESi 1989-96,9999 02-04,08-09 037 Talon FWD, Tsi, Tsi-FWD, Esi 1990-98,9999 02-03,09 040 Premier LX, ES, ES Limited 1988-92,9999 02,04,08 041 Vision Esi, Tsi 1993-97,9999 04 044 Medallion DL, LX 1988-89,9999 04,06,09 045 Summit Wagon FWD, AWD, DX, LX 1992-96,9999 06 (Mitsubishi) 398 Other (automobile) 1988-98,9999 02-04,06,08-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1988-98,9999 02-04,06,08-09 *Note: Eagle model listed under American Motors. MAKE: Fiat (36) (FIAT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 124 (Coupe/Sedan) Sport 1967-75,9999 01-02,04,06, 08-09 032 124 Spider/Racer Spider 2000/1500 1968-83,9999 01-02,09 033 Brava/131 1975-82,9999 02,04,06,08-09 034 850 (Coupe/Spider) 1967-73,9999 01-02,09 035 128 1972-79,9999 01-02,04,06, 08-09 036 X-1/9 1975-83,9999 01-02,09 037 Strada 1979-83,9999 03,05,07 2010 163 MAKE: Fiat (Cont.) (36) (FIAT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 398 Other (automobile) 600, 1100 1967-83, 9999 01-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1967-83, 9999 01-09 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-83,9999 60-64,66, low entry 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-83,9999 60-64,66, high entry 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-83,9999 60-64,66, entry position 71-72,78 unknown 898 Other (medium/heavy 1967-83,9999 60-64,66, truck) 71-72,78 998 Other (vehicle) 1967-83,9999 91-93,97 999 Unknown (FIAT) 1967-83,9999 99 MAKE: Ford (12) (FORD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Falcon FuturaSprint, GT, Futura 1960-70,9999 02,04,06,08-09 002 Fairlane Torino (1968-70), 500, 1955-70,9999 01-02,04,06, Brougham 08-09 003 Mustang/Mustang II Mach(I), Boss, Grande, 1964-2010, 01-03,09 Cobra (SVT), Ghia, SVO, 9999 GT (Premium, Base, Cal Spec. Pkg.), LX, Shelby (GT500, GT500KR), Deluxe, Premium, Bullitt, V6 (Base, Premium, Pony) 004 Thunderbird (all sizes) Landau, Heritage, Turbo 1955-98; 01-02,04,08-09 coupe, Elan, Fila, Sport, LX, 2002-05,9999 SC, Deluxe, Premium, Pacific Coast Edition, 50th Anniversary Edition 005 LTD II S, Squire, Brougham 1977-79,9999 02,04,06,08-09 006 LTD/Custom/Galaxy (all XL, Landau, Ranch Wagon, 1963-86,9999 01-02,04,06, sizes) Country Squire, S, 500, 08-09 Brougham, XL, GT 007 Ranchero Falcon/Fairlane based 1960-79,9999 10 Torino/LTD II based 164 2010 MAKE: Ford (Cont.) (12) (FORD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 008 Maverick Grabber 1969-78,9999 02,04,08 009 Pinto Pony, MPG, ESS 1971-80,9999 02-03,06,09 010 Torino/Gran Torino/Elite GT, Cobra, Sport, Squire, 1971-76,9999 01-02,04,06, Brougham 08-09 011 Granada ESS, Ghia 1975-82,9999 02,04,06,08-09 012 Fairmont Futura, Sport Coupe 1978-83,9999 02,04,06,08-09 013 Escort/EXP/ZX2 L, GL, GLX, SS, GT, LX, 1981-2003, 02-09 LXE, SE, ZX2, Deluxe, 9999 Preimium, Standard 015 Tempo L, GL, GLX, Sport, 4X4 1984-94,9999 02,04,08 016 Crown Victoria LX, LTD Crown Victoria, LX 1981-2010, 02,04,06,08-09 Sport 9999 017 Taurus/Taurus X MT-5, L, GL, LX, SHO, G, 1986-2010, 04,06,09 SE, SVG, SES, SEL, 9999 Limited, Eddie Bauer 018 Probe GL, LX, GT 1988-97,9999 03 021 Five Hundred SE, SEL, Limited 2005-07,9999 04 022 Freestyle SE, SEL, Limited 2005-07,9999 06 023 Fusion I4 S/SE/SEL, V6 SE/SEL, 2006-10,9999 04 Sport, Hybrid 024 Edge SE, SEL, SEL Plus, Limited, 2007-10,9999 06 Sport 025 Flex SE, SEL, Limited 2009-10,9999 06 031 English Ford Cortina, Anglia, Zephyr/ 1946-70,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Zodiac Mark III 032 Fiesta Sport, Ghia 1978-80,2011, 03, 04, 05 9999 033 Festiva L, GL 1988-93,9999 03 034 Laser 1993-94,9999 02-03,09 035 Contour Sport, LX, SE, SVT 1994-2001, 04 9999 036 Aspire 1994-97,9999 03,05,07 037 Focus ZX3, LX, SE, ZTS, SVT, 2000-10,9999 02-06,09 ZX4, ZX4, ST, ZX5, ZXW, S, SES, SEL, SE 038 GT 2004-06,9999 01 398 Other (automobile) Deluxe, Ford Six, Mainline, 1924-2011, 01-11 Crestline, Futura, Galaxie, 9999 Model A 399 Unknown (automobile) 1924-2011, 01-11 9999 2010 165 MAKE: Ford (Cont.) (12) (FORD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Bronco (thru 1977)/ Eddie Bauer, XL, XLT, 1966-77; 14 Bronco II/Explorer/ Explorer, (1990 on) Eddie 1983-2010, Explorer Sport Bauer, Limited, XL, XLT, 9999 XLS, Explorer Sport (Value, Choice Premium), NBX, Adrenalin, Ironman 402 Escape XLS(Value, Sport, V6 2001-10,9999 14 Choice/Premium), XLT (Choice, Premium, Sport), Hybrid, No Boundaries, Limited 421 Bronco-fullsize (1978-on) Eddie Bauer, Custom, XL, 1978-96,9999 15 XLT 422 Expedition EL, XLS, XLT (4x4,4x2), 1996-2010, 15 Eddie Bauer (4x4,4x2), 9999 NBX, Sport, NBX, Limited, King Ranch, Funk Master Flex Edition 423 Excursion XLT, Limited (LTD), 2000-05,9999 15 Ultimate, Premium, XLS, Eddie Bauer 441 Aerostar XLT, Cargo Van 1985-97,9999 20 442 Windstar GL, LX, XLT, Splash, Cargo 1995-03,9999 20 Limited, SE, SEL 443 Freestar Base, LX, SE, S, SEL, SES, 2004-07,9999 20 Limited 444 Transit Connect 2010 20 461 E-Series Van/Econoline Econoline (E150-E450), 1960-2010, 21-22,28,29 Clubwagon (XL, XLT), 9999 Chateau, (XL,XLT), Parcel Van, Econoline Wagon E150 (XL/XLT); E350 Xl/XLT), E250 (EXT) 470 Van Derivative 1960-2010, 28-29 9999 471 Ranger Supercab, 4x4, STX, SL, 1982-2010, 30-32,40,42 SLT, Splash, XL (Standard/ 9999 Super Cab), XLT, Tremor (Standard/Super Cab/Off- Road/FX4), Edge (Regular/ Super Cab), EV* (electric), Level II, Sport 166 2010 MAKE: Ford (Cont.) (12) (FORD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 473 Explorer Sport Trac 2WD/4WD, Value, Choice, 2001-10,9999 30 Premium, XLS, XLT, Adrenalin, Limited 481 F-Series pickup F100, F150-F350, (XL, XLT, 1940-2010, 31-32,39,40,42 Crew Cab, Super Cab, 9999 Regular Cab, Lariat, Super Duty, Flareside, Styleside, SVT Lightning, Fireside, Harley-Davidson Edition, King Ranch, SuperCrew, STX, Heritage Edition, Sport Edition, FX4, FX2), F450 (10,000 GVWR and under) (see model 880 for F450 >10,000 GVWR), Amarillo Package, Platinum, Cabela’s, STX 498 Other (light truck) 1972-2010, 14-16,20, 9999 28-32,40-42, 45, 48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1928-2010, 14-16,19-22, 9999 28-32,39-42,45, 48-49 * Electric Vehicle, Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level, Code “36” MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck-based, F-550 1956-2010, 65,73 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 880 Medium/Heavy Pickup Super Duty 350, F450/550, 1953-2010, 67 (pickup-style only – over Lariat 9999 10,000 lbs) 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE F-5 thru F-8, L-series, FT- 1953-2010, 60-64,66, series, Super Duty F-Series: 9999 71-72,78 450/550/650/750/800 (does not include pickup style) 882 Medium/Heavy – COE C/CT series, LCF 1964-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE C/CLT series, LCF 1967-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 2010 167 MAKE: Ford (Cont.) (12) (FORD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.) 884 Medium/Heavy – 1956-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine 9999 71-72,78 location 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1956-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional B-series (not van based) 1964-2010, 50,52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 988 Other (bus) 1940-2010, 50,52,58-59 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1940-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (FORD) 1940-2011, 49,79,99 9999 ** Use code “981” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MAKE: GMC (23) (GMC ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 007 Caballero 1965-87,9999 10 008 Acadia SLE, SLT 2007-10,9999 06 399 Unknown (automobile) 1965-2010, 06, 10 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Jimmy/Typhoon/Envoy S-15 based, (100.5 WB), 1983-2009, 14 T15, SLE, SL, SLS, SLT, 9999 XL, XUV, Denali 402 Terrain SLE, SLT 2010 14 421 Fullsize Jimmy/Yukon Fullsize pickup based, K5, 1969-2010, 15 K18, SL, SLE, SLT, SLS, 9999 Diamond Edition, Yukon Denali, Denali, Hybrid 422 Suburban/Yukon XL Yukon XL (Denali -1500- 2004-10,9999 15 (2004 on; see 431 for 2500), SLE, SLT, Hybrid 1950- 2003) 168 2010 MAKE: GMC (Cont.) (23) (GMC ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 431 Suburban/Yukon XL all models, SLE, C16, C26, 1950-2003, 16 (1950-2003 only; see K16, K26, C1500-2500, 9999 422 for 2004 on) K1500-2500, Yukon XL (Denali -1500-2500) 441 Safari (Minivan) SLT, SLX, SLE, M15, L15, 1985-2005, 20 SL 9999 461 G-series van/Savana Rally Van, Vandura, G15- 1965-2010, 21-22,28-29 G35, Savana (G1500-3500) 9999 SLT, Extended, SLE, LS, LT, Uplifter, WT 466 P-series van 1965-2010, 22,28-29 9999 470 Van derivative Hicube, Magna Van, Value 1965-2010, 28-29 Van, Parcel Van 9999 471 S15/T15/Sonoma 4 X 4, Syclone, SL, SLS, 1982-2004, 30,32,40,42 SLE, Extended/Crew Cab, 9999 ZR2, ZRX, ZR5 472 Canyon Base, SLE, SL, SLT, Z71, 2004-2010, 30 Z85, Work Truck 9999 481 C, K, R, V-series pickup/ Excluding Yukon, C15-C35, 1940-2010, 31-32,39-40,42 Sierra K15-K35, R15-R35, V15- 9999 V35, Sierra, C/K1500, 2500, 3500, Sportside, X81, SL, Special, SLE, Classic, Extended Cab, Denali, 1500HD/2500HD, C3, Hybrid, SLT, Work Truck, 5SA 498 Other (light truck) 1930-2010, 14-16,20-22, 9999 28-29, 40, 42, 45, 48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1951-2010, 14-16,19-22, 9999 28-29,39-40, 42,45,48-49 MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home 1950-2010, 65,73 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 880 Medium/Heavy Pickup 1953-2010, 67 (pickup-style only – over 9999 10,000 lbs) 2010 169 MAKE: GMC (Cont.) (23) (GMC ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.) 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE W5000/6000/7000 series, 1967-2010, 60-64,66, Kodiak Brigadier/General 9999 71-72,78 models, Top Kick 882 Medium/Heavy – COE W6000/W7000, all other 1968-2010, 60-64,66, low entry COE, low entry, W/WT 9999 71-72,78 Series 883 Medium/Heavy – COE Astro 95, all other COE, 1969-2010, 60-64,66, high entry high entry, T Series 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1948-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1967-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other 1930-2010, 60-64,66, (medium/heavy truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional B6000 1950-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2010, 50,58-59 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (GMC) 1940-2010, 49,79,99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MAKE: Grumman/Grumman-Olson (25) (GRUM) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 401 LLV Postal vehicle 1987-2004, 22 9999 441 Step-in van Multi-stop, step van 1987-2004, 22 9999 498 Other (light truck) 1987-2004, 22 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1987-2004, 22 9999 170 2010 MAKE: Grumman/Grumman-Olson (Cont.)(25) (GRUM) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1987-2004, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy - COE 1987-2004, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy - COE 1987-2004, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy - engine 1987-2004, 60-64,66, location unknown 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy - entry 1987-2004, 60-64,66, position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1987-2004, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 983 Bus: Flat front, rear Transit 1950-2004, 50-52,58-59 engine 9999 988 Other (bus) 1950-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 999 Unknown (GRUMMAN/GRUMMAN-OLSON) 1950-2004, 79,99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MAKE: Honda (Acura: See “54”) (37) (HOND) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Civic/CRX, del Sol 1300, 1500, CVCC, DX, EX, 1973-2010, 02-09 VX, CX, FE, CRX, CRX Si, 9999 S, Si, HF, LX, 4WD Wagon, GX (NGV), HX, VTEC, VP, Si, Civic, Hybrid, Special Edition, EX-L, DX-VP, LX-S 032 Accord LX (V-6, ULEV), LXI, DX, 1976-2010, 02-09 CVCC,SE-i,LX-i,V-6, SJE, 9999 SME, SMH, SMK, EX (Wagon, ULEV, V-6), SE (ULEV), Special Edition, Hybrid, Value Package, LX-S, LX-P, EX-L, Crosstour 2010 171 MAKE: Honda (Acura: See “54”) (Cont.)(37) (HOND) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILE (Cont.) 033 Prelude S, Si, VTEC, SNF, SH, SE 1979-2001, 02 9999 034 600 Coupe, Sedan 1968-72,9999 02 035 S2000 Roadster, CR 2000-2009, 01 9999 036 EV Plus* *Electric vehicle (EV+) 1997-2000, 03 9999 037 Insight *(Gasoline-Electric), 2000-06,2010, 03,05 MT/CVT 9999 038 FCX Hydrogen vehicle, Clarity 2004-2010, 03-05 9999 039 Fit Base, Sport 2006-2010, 05 9999 041 CR-Z 2010 03 398 Other (automobile) 1968-2010, 01-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1968-2010, 01-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Passport LX, EX, DX, EX-L 1994-2002, 14 9999 402 CR-V LX, EX, Special Edition 1997-2010, 14 (SE), SC, EX-L 9999 403 Element DX, EX, EX-P, LX, SC, Dog 2003-2010, 14 Friendly 9999 421 Pilot EX, EX-L, LX, SE, Value 2003-2010, 15 Package, Touring 9999 441 Odyssey LX, EX, EX-L (Res, NAVI), 1995-2010, 20 Touring 9999 471 Ridgeline RT, RTL, RTS, RTX 2006-2010, 30 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1994-2010, 14-15, 20, 9999 30,49 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50 cc 1978-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 702 51-124 cc 1965-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 703 125-349 cc 1965-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 704 350-449 cc 1965-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 172 2010 MAKE: Honda (Acura: See “54”) (Cont.)(37) (HOND) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES (Cont.) 705 450-749 cc 1970-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 706 750 cc or greater 1970-2010, 80,82-83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 732 51-124cc includes all 1972-2010, 90 ATVs/ATCs/TRXs 9999 733 125-349cc designed solely for off-road 1972-2010, 90 use and have 3 or 4 wheels. 9999 734 350cc or greater 1996-2010, 90 9999 739 Unknown cc 1972-2010, 90 9999 998 Other (vehicle) Go Carts 1968-2010, 97 9999 999 Unknown (HONDA) 1965-2010, 49,99 9999 MAKE: Hyundai (55) (HYUN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Pony Pony Excel (Foreign) 1979-88,9999 02-03,09 032 Excel GL, GLS, GS 1984-94,9999 03-05,07,09 033 Sonata GL, GLS, LX, SE, Limited 1989-2010, 04 9999 034 Scoupe LS, Turbo 1991-95,9999 02 035 Elantra GLS, GL, GT, Limited, SE, 1992-2010, 04-06,09 Touring 9999 036 Accent L, GL, GS, Gsi, GT, GLS, 1995-2010, 03-05,07,09 SE 9999 037 Tiburon FX, GT, GS, SE, Limited 1997-2008, 02-03,09 9999 038 XG300(2001)/ L 2001-05,9999 04 XG350(2002 on) 039 Azera SE, Limited, GLS 2006-10,9999 04 040 Equus 2008 04 041 Genesis 3.8, 4.6 2009-10,9999 02,04 2010 173 MAKE: Hyundai (Cont.) (55) (HYUN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 398 Other (automobile) 1984-2010, 02-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1984-2010, 02-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Santa Fe GL, GLS, LX, Limited, SE 2001-10,9999 14 402 Tucson GL, GLS, LX, Limited, SE 2005-10,9999 14 403 Veracruz (2007 only) GLS, Limited, SE 2007 14 421 Veracruz (2008 on; see GLS, Limited, SE 2008-10,9999 15 403 for 2007 only) 441 Entourage GLS, Limited, SE 2007-10,9999 20 499 Unknown (light truck) 2001-10,9999 14, 20 999 Unknown (HYUNDAI) 1979-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Imperial (08) (CHRY) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 010 Imperial LeBaron, Mark Cross, 1954-75,9999 01-02,04,08-09 Crown Imperial 398 Other (automobile) 1965-75,9999 01-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1965-75,9999 01-09 MAKE: Infiniti (58) (INFI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 M30 1990-92,9999 01-02,09 032 Q45 Standard Touring, Q45t, 1990-2006, 04 Luxury , Sport, Premium 9999 033 G20 G20t, Touring, Standard, 1991-96; 04 Luxury 1999-2002, 9999 034 J30 1993-97,9999 04 035 I30 Standard, Touring, Luxury 1996-2001, 04 9999 036 I35 Touring, Luxury 2002-04,9999 04 037 G35/G37 x, 6MT, Journey, Sport 2003-2010, 01,02,04 9999 174 2010 MAKE: Infiniti (Cont.) (58) (INFI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 038 M35/M45 Sport, x, 2003-10,9999 04 039 FX35/FX45/FX50 2003-10,9999 06 040 EX35 Journey 2008-10,9999 06 398 Other (automobile) 1990-2010, 01-02,04,06, 9999 08-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1990-2010, 01-02,04,06, 9999 08-09 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 QX4 Luxury 1997-2003, 14 9999 421 QX56 2004-10,9999 15 499 Unknown (light truck) 1997-2010, 14-15 9999 999 Unknown (INFINITI) 1990-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Isuzu (38) (ISU ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 I-Mark S, RS, Turbo, DOHC 1981-90,9999 02-04,08-09 032 Impulse Turbo, RS 1983-92,9999 02-03,09 033 Stylus 1991-94,9999 04 398 Other (automobile) 1981-94,9999 02-04,08-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1981-94,9999 02-04,08-09 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Trooper/Trooper II Deluxe, LS, S, LTD 1984-2002, 14 9999 402 Rodeo/ Rodeo Sport S, LS, LSE 1991-2004, 14 9999 403 Amigo 1989-94; 14 1998-2000, 9999 404 VehiCROSS VXO 1999-2001, 14 9999 405 Axiom XS 2002-04,9999 14 421 Ascender LS, S, Limited, Luxury 2003-08,9999 15 441 Oasis S, LS 1996-99,9999 20 471 P’up (pickup) 4X4 1976-95,9999 30,32 2010 175 MAKE: Isuzu (Cont.) (38) (ISU ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 472 Hombre S, XS, XS Space Cab 1996-2000, 30,32,40,42 9999 473 i-280/i-290 S, LS, Luxury 2006-2008, 30 9999 474 i-350/i-370 LS, Limited, S 2006-2008, 30 9999 498 Other (light truck) 1981-2008, 14-15,20,30,32, 9999 40, 42 499 Unknown (light truck) 1981-2008, 14-15,20,30,32, 9999 39-40,42,48-49 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1981-2004, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE NOR, NPR,NQR, N Series 1981-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE, FRR, FRRI, FSR, FTR, 1981-2010, 60-64,66, high entry FVR, F Series 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1981-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1981-2010, 60-64,66, entry position 9999 71-72,78 unknown 898 Other (medium/heavy 1981-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78,97 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1981-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1981-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine Flat 1981-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1981-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 999 Unknown (ISUZU) 1981-2010, 49,79,99 9999 176 2010 MAKE: Jaguar (39) (JAGU) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 XJ-S, XK8 Coupe S, SC, GT, H.E. 1976-2010, 01-02,09 9999 032 XJ/XJ6/12/XJR/XJ8/ Mk II, Mk X, XJ,3.85, 3.8, 1949-2010, 02,04,08 XJ8L Sedan/Coupe 340/420 Sedan; XJ8(LWB, 9999 L,Vanden Plas, Sport); XJ6(L), C, L, Vanden Plas, III, GT, Super 8, Limited Edition, Portfolio 033 XK-E V12, Roadster, 120,140, 1946-74,9999 01-03,09 150, 2+2 034 S-Type 3.0, 4.0, 4.2, Base, Sport, L, 2000-08,9999 04 R, VDP Edition 035 XKR/XK Victory Edition, Portfolio 2000-10,9999 01-03,09 036 X-Type 2.5, 3.0, Sport, VDP Edition 2002-08,9999 04,06 037 XF 4.2 Luxury, Premium 2008-10,9999 04 Luxury, Supercharged, 398 Other (automobile) 1949-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1949-2010, 01-04,06,08-09 9999 MAKE: Jeep* (Includes Willys**/Kaiser-Jeep) (02) (AMER) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Compass Base, Sport, Limited 2007-10,9999 06 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 CJ-2/CJ-3/CJ-4 Military 1940-66,9999 14 402 CJ-5/CJ-6/CJ-7/CJ-8 Scrambler, Renegade, 1967-93,9999 14 Golden Eagle, Laredo, Wrangler 403 YJ series/Wrangler Wrangler (SE, Sport, 1986-95; 14 Sahara, X, Rubicon), 1997-2010, Unlimited 9999 404 Cherokee (1984-on) Limited, Laredo, Pioneer, 1984-2010, 14 Sport, Grand Cherokee, 9999 TSi, Briarwood, Country, RHD, SE, Classic, Overland, Special Edition, SRT8 2010 177 MAKE: Jeep* (Includes Willys**/Kaiser-Jeep) (Cont.) (02) (AMER) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 405 Liberty Sport, Limited Edition, 2002-10,9999 14 Renegade, Columbia Edition, Rocky Mountain Edition, CRD, Special Edition, Latitude 406 Commander Base, Limited, Overland, 2006-10,9999 14 Sport, Rocky Mountain 407 Patriot Sport, Limited 2007-10,9999 14 421 Cherokee (thru 1983) Wide Track, Chief, 1969-83,9999 15 Commando, Jeepster 431 Grand Wagoneer Custom, Brougham Limited, 1971-91; 15 Wagoneer 1993, 9999 481 Pick-up J-10, J-20, Honcho 1940-93,9999 31-32,40,42 482 Comanche Chief 1986-92,9999 31-32,40,42 498 Other (light truck) 1940-2010, 14-15,19,31-32, 9999 40-42,45,48-49 499 Unknown (light truck) 1940-2010, 14-15,19,31-32, 9999 39-42,45,48-49 999 Unknown (JEEP) 1940-2010, 49 9999 * Note that Jeep DJ-series are coded under MAKE 03, MODEL 466 ** Willys Jeep can be coded 401, or 999. MAKE: KIA (63) (KIA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Sephia RS, LS, GS 1994-01,9999 04 032 Rio/Rio5 Cinco (Wagon), LX, SX 2001-10,9999 04-06,09 033 Spectra/Spectra5 GS, GSX, GX, LS, LX, EX, 2000-10,9999 04,05,09 SX 034 Optima LX, SE, V6, EX, SX 2001-10,9999 04 035 Amanti 2004-10,9999 04 036 Rondo EX, LX 2007-10,9999 06 037 Soul 2009-10,9999 06 038 Forte 2010 02,04 399 Unknown (automobile) 1994-2010, 04-06,09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Sportage EX, LX, 4WD, Limited 1995-03, 14 2005-10,9999 178 2010 MAKE: KIA (Cont.) (63) (KIA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 402 Sorento EX, LX 2003-10,9999 14 421 Borrego EX, LX, LTD 2009-10,9999 15 441 Sedona EX, LX 2002-10,9999 20 499 Unknown (light truck) 1995-2010, 14, 20 9999 999 Unknown (KIA) 1994-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Lancia (40) (LNCI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Beta Sedan – HPE Zagato 1976-82,9999 02,04,06,08-09 032 Zagato 1976-82,9999 01-02,09 033 Scorpion (Mote Carlo- Europe Only) 1977 02 398 Other (automobile) Stratos, Fulvia, Flavia, 1946-82,9999 01-09 Appia, Aurelia, Aprilia 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-82,9999 01-02,04,06, 08-09 *NOTE: Lancia did not import in 1980. 1982 - last year imported. MAKE: Land Rover (62) (LNDR) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Discovery SD, SE, SE7, LE, LSE, 1994-2004, 14 Series II, Kalahari Edition, 9999 S, HSE, G-4 Edition 402 Defender 90 1993-95; 14 1997, 9999 403 Freelander (2004 on; see HSE, SE, S, SE3, G4 2004-2005, 14 422 for 2002-03.) Edition 9999 421 Range Rover County, County SE, Great 1987-2010, 15 Divide, Hunter, LSE, County 9999 LWB, 4.0SE, 4.6HSE, S, SE, HSE, Westminster Limited Edition, Supercharged, Sport 422 Freelander (2002-03 HSE, SE, S, SE3 2002-03,9999 15 only; see 403 for 2004 on) 2010 179 MAKE: Land Rover (Cont.) (62) (LNDR) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 423 LR3 HSE, SE 2005-10,9999 15 424 LR2 i6, TD4 2007-10,9999 15 498 Other (light truck) Land Rover (1948-1990), 1948-2010, 14-15 Range Rover (before 1987) 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1948-2010, 14-15,19 9999 MAKE: Lexus (59) (LEXS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 ES-250/300/330/350 Black Diamond Edition, 1990-2010, 04 Premium Plus, Ultra Luxury 9999 032 LS 400/430/460/L/600h/L 1990-2010, 04 9999 033 SC-400/300 2-Door Coupe 1992-2000, 02 9999 034 GS-300/350/400/430/ Hybrid 1993-2010, 04 450h 9999 035 IS-250/300/350/500 SportCross, Sport, F 2001-10,9999 04-05 036 SC-430 Special Edition, Pebble 2002-10,9999 01 Beach 398 Other (automobile) 1990-2010, 01-02,04-05 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1990-2010, 01-02,04-05, 08 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 RX300 2WD, 4WD 1999-03,9999 14 402 GX470 Sport 2003-10,9999 14 403 RX330/350/400h Hybrid, Thundercloud, Mark 2004-10,9999 14 Levinson Package 421 LX450/470/570 1996-2010, 15 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1996-2010, 14-15, 19 9999 999 Unknown (LEXUS) 1990-2010, 49 9999 180 2010 MAKE: Lincoln (13) (LINC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Continental (thru ’81)/ Continental, (thru ’81), 1940-2010, 01-02,04,08-09, Town Car Signature/Designer Series, 9999 11-12 Town Car (’81 on, body 04 only), Cartier, Executive, L, Premium, Ballistic Protection Edition, Ultimate, Designer Series 002 Mark I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII 1956-98,9999 01-02,04,08-09 LSC, Signature/Designer Series 005 Continental (’82 on) Signature/Designer Series, 1982-2002, 02,04,08,12 Luxury 9999 011 Versailles 1977-80,9999 04 012 LS Convenience, Premium, 2000-06,9999 04 Sport, Luxury, Ultimate 013 Zephyr/MKZ 2006-10,9999 04 014 MKX 2007-10,9999 06 015 MKS 2008-10,9999 04 016 MKT 2010 06 398 Other (automobile) Cosmopolitan, Capri, 1940-2010, 01-12 Premiere 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Aviator Premium, Luxury, Ultimate, 2003-06,9999 14 Kitty Hawk Edition 421 Navigator 2WD, 4WD, Premium, 1997-2010, 15 Luxury, Ultimate, L 9999 481 Blackwood 2002 31 482 Mark LT 2WD, 4WD 2006-08,9999 31 499 Unknown (light truck) 1997-2010, 49 9999 999 Unknown (LINCOLN) 1990-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Mazda (41) (MAZD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 RX2 1970-74,9999 02,04,06,08-09 032 RX3 1970-78,9999 02,04,06,08-09 033 RX4 1974-78,9999 02,04,06,08-09 2010 181 MAKE: Mazda (Cont.) (41) (MAZD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 034 RX7 S, GS, GSL, SE 1979-96,9999 01-03,09 035 323/GLC/Protégé/ DX, Protégé (1990-on), DX, 1977-2003, 03-07,09 Protégé5 LX, ES, Mazdaspeed 9999 036 Cosmo 1976-78,9999 02 037 626 GT,GS,GSL,SE,DX,LX,ES 1979-2002, 02,04-05,08-09 9999 038 808 1972-77,9999 02,04,06,08-09 039 Mizer 1976 02,04,06,08-09 040 R-100 1950-72,9999 02 041 616/618 1968-72,9999 02,04,08 042 1800 1968-72,9999 04,06,09 043 929 1988-95,9999 04 044 MX-6 Turbo, LS, M-Edition 1988-97,9999 02 045 Miata/MX-5 Miata (LS), SE, SV, 1990-97; 01 Mazdaspeed, Sport, Touring, 1999-2010, Grand Touring, Club Special, 9999 Special Edition 046 MX-3 GS 1992-95,9999 02 047 Millenia L, S, P, Millennium Edition 1995-02,9999 04 048 MP3 Limited Edition 2001 04 049 RX-8 Sport AT, Shinka, Touring, 2003-10,9999 04 Grand Touring, R3 050 Mazda6 i, s, Grand Touring, Sport, 2003-10,9999 04-06,09 Mazdaspeed6, Grand Sport, SV 051 Mazda3 i, s, SP23, Sport, Touring, 2004-10,9999 04-06,09 Grand Touring, Touring Value, Mazdaspeed3 052 Mazda5 Sport, Touring, Grand 2006-10,9999 06 Touring 053 CX-7 Sport, Touring, Grand 2007-10,9999 05 Touring 054 CX-9 Sport, Touring, Grand 2007-10,9999 06 Touring 398 Other (automobile) 1200, 616 1950-2010, 02-03,09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1950-2010, 01-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Navajo 1991-94,9999 14 182 2010 MAKE: Mazda (Cont.) (41) (MAZD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 402 Tribute DX, DX-V6, LX-V6, ES-V6, 2001-10,9999 14 ES, LX, i, s, Hybrid, Sport, Grand Touring, Touring 441 MPV LX, ES, DX, All Sport, 1989-98; 20 LX-SV 2000-06,9999 471 Pickup/ B-Series B2000, B2200, B2300, SE-5, 1972-2010, 30,32,40,42 Pickup LX, SE (2WD, 4WD), SX, DS, 9999 Cab Plus, B2500/B2600/ B3000/B4000, Dual Sport Cab 498 Other (light truck) 1965-2010, 14,20,30,32, 9999 40,42 499 Unknown (light truck) 1965-2010, 14,20,30,32, 9999 39-40,42,48-49 999 Unknown (MAZDA) 1950-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Mercedes Benz (42) (MERZ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 200/220/230/240/ Sedan and 5-passenger “C” 1950-97,9999 01-02,04,06, 250/260/280/300/ only; SE,CD,D,SD,TD,TE, 08-09,12 320/420 CE,E; DOES NOT include 280 SE (1975 on) or 300 SD-see code 037;C-Class up to 1993, E-Class up to 1997 032 230/280 SL 2-seater only 1964-71,9999 01-02,09 033 300/350/380/450/500/ 2-seater only; 300/500 SL 1972-94,9999 01-02,09 560 SL (1990 on) 034 350/380/420/450/560 1973-94,9999 02 SLC 036 300/380/420/450/500/ 1973-94,9999 02,04,06,08,09 560/SEL & 500/560, 600 SEC & 300/350 SDL 037 300/380/450 SE 280 S, 280 SE (1975 on), 1968-94,9999 01-02,04,08-09 300 SD Sedan/350 SD 038 600, 6.9 Sedan Pullman 1978-87,9999 04,12 039 190 D, E, 2.3, 2.5 1984-93,9999 04,06,09 040 300 CE Cabriolet 1993-94,9999 01 041 400/500E 1992-94,9999 01-02,04,06,08, 09 2010 183 MAKE: Mercedes Benz (Cont.) (42) (MERZ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 042 C Class (94 on) C220/C230 (Kompressor)/ 1994-2010, 02,04,06,09 C240/C280/C320/C300/ 9999 C350/C36/C43, C32/55/63 AMG 043 S Class (95 on) S320/350/420/430/450/500/ 1995-2010, 02,04,08 550/600, S55/63/65 (AMG) 9999 044 SL Class (95 on) SL 320/500/550/600, Silver 1995-2010, 01,02 Arrow Edition, SL55/65/63 9999 AMG 045 SLK SLK230/280/300/320/350, 1998-2010, 01 Kompressor, SLK 32/55 9999 (AMG), Special Edition 046 CL Class CL 500/550/600, CL55/63/ 1998-2010, 02 65 AMG 9999 047 CLK CLK 320/350/430/500/550, 1998-2010, 01-02 Cabriolet, CLK 55/63/65 9999 AMG 048 E Class (97 on) 300/TD, 320 (Wagon) 1996-2010, 04,06,09 350/420/430/500/550, 9999 55/63 AMG, E320CDI 049 SLR McLaren, 722 Edition 2005-10,9999 01-02 050 R Class R320/350/500, R63 AMG 2006-10,9999 06 051 CLS Class CLS500/550, CLS55/63 2006-10,9999 04 AMG 398 Other (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-12 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-2010, 01-12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 M/ML Class ML320/350/430/500/550, 1998-2010, 14 ML55/63 (AMG), Special 9999 Edition 402 G Class G500, G550, G55 (AMG) 2002-10,9999 14 403 GLK Class 220/280/320/350 2010 14 421 GL Class GL320/450/550 2007-10,9999 15 461 Sprinter (2004 on see “Freightliner” 2002-03,9999 21-22,28-29 and “Dodge”) 470 Van derivative Kurbstar 1982-2010, 28-29 9999 498 Other (light truck) 1946-2010, 14-16,19,21-22, 9999 31-32,40-42, 45,48 184 2010 MAKE: Mercedes Benz (Cont.) (42) (MERZ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 499 Unknown (light truck) 1946-2010, 14-16,19,21-22, 9999 28-29, 31-32, 40-42,45, 48-49 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE low entry 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE high entry 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 884 Medium/Heavy – Unknown engine location 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE entry position unknown 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 898 Other (medium/heavy truck) 1965-91,9999 60-64,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-91,9999 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 988 Other (bus) 1965-91,9999 50-52,58-59 989 Unknown (bus) 1965-91,9999 91-93,97 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 49,79,99 9999 999 Unknown (MERCEDES BENZ) 1950-2010, 49,79,99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MAKE: Mercury (Merkur: See “56”) (14) (MERC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 002 Cyclone GT, CJ, Spoiler 1964-70,9999 01-02,09 003 Capri-domestic (1967 RS, Turbo, GS, Black 1979-86; 01,03,09 see 008) Magic, 5.0 1989-94,9999 004 Cougar/XR7 (1967-1997) Villager, Brougham, RS, LS, 1967-97,9999 01-02,04,06, GS, Eliminator, XR-7 08-09 006 Marquis/Monterey (car Marauder (prior to 2003, 1952-2010, 01-02,04,06, version; for van version 2003 on see code 039), 9999 08-09 2004 on see code 444) Montclair, X-100, 5-55, /Grand Marquis Parklane, S-55, Custom, Brougham Grand Marquis (GS, LS), Medalist, Turnpike, Colony Park, GS, LS, LSE, Limited Edition, Palm Beach Edition 2010 185 MAKE: Mercury (Merkur: See “56”) (14)(Cont.) (MERC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 008 Comet Caliente, Capri (1967), GT, 1960-79,9999 01-02,04,06, Voyager, 202, 404, Villager 08-09 Wagon 009 Bobcat Runabout, Villager Wagon 1975-80,9999 03,06,09 010 Montego (prior to 1976; GT, MX, Villager, 1968-76,9999 01-02,04,06, for 2005 on see code Brougham, Comet 08-09 020) (1968-1970) 011 Monarch Ghia 1975-80,9999 02,04,08 012 Zephyr GS, Z-7 1978-83,9999 02,04,06,08-09 013 Lynx/LN7 L, LS, GS, RS, XR-3 1981-87,9999 03,05-07,09 015 Topaz L, LS, GS, 4x4, XR5, LTS, 1984-94,9999 02,04,08 Sport 017 Sable LS, GS (Premium), GS 1986-2005, 04,06,09 Plus, Platinum Edition, 2008-09,9999 Premier, Base 020 Montego (2005 on) Luxury, Premier 2005-07,9999 04 021 Milan I-4, V6 (Base/Premier) 2006-10,9999 04 031 Capri-foreign Capri II, 2+2 1970-77,9999 03 033 Pantera-foreign deTomaso 1972-74,9999 01-10 036 Tracer L, GL, LTS, GS, LS 1988-99,9999 03-06,09 037 Mystique GS, LS 1995-2000, 04 9999 038 Cougar (1999-2002) V-6, I-4, S, Sport, CR, XR 1999-2002, 02-03,09 9999 039 Marauder M75, 300A 2003-04,9999 04 398 Other (automobile) 1962-2010, 01-10 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1952-2010, 01-10 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Mountaineer Convenience, Luxury, 1996-2010, 14 Premier (4.0/4.6L) 9999 402 Mariner Convenience, Luxury, 2005-10,9999 14 Premier, Hybrid 443 Villager LS, GS, Nautica, Estate, 1993-2002, 20 Sport, Sport Plus, Popular 9999 444 Monterey (van version; Convenience, Luxury, 2004-07,9999 20 for car version prior to Premier 2004 see code 006) 498 Other (light truck) 1993-2010, 14,20 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1993-2010, 49 9999 999 Unknown (MERCURY) 1950-2010, 49 9999 186 2010 MAKE: Merkur (56) (MERK) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 XR4Ti Turbo 1985-89,9999 03 032 Scorpio Turbo 1988-90,9999 05 398 Other (automobile) 1985-90,9999 03-05,07,09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1985-90,9999 03-05,07,09 MAKE: MG (43) (MG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Midget GAN I/II/III/4/5, MK I, MK II, 1962-80,9999 01 MKIII 032 MGB MK I/II/IV, 600 Limited, V-8 1955-80,9999 01-02,09 033 MGB GT, MK III 1967-74,9999 02-03,09 034 MGA 1500, 1600, YT,TC,TD/II, 1945-62,9999 01-02,09 MK I/II, A 035 TA/TC/TD/TF Y-Type, 430, TDC 1945-62,9999 01-02,09 036 MGC GT 1968-69,9999 01-02,09 037 Magnette/Sports Sedans ZB,ZA/YA/YB, MK III, MK 1945-66,9999 02,04,08 IV, 1100, 1300 398 Other (automobile) 1945-80,9999 01-04,08-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1945-80,9999 01-04,08-09 MAKE: Mitsubishi (52) (MITS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Starion 2+2, LE, Turbo, ESI 1982-89,9999 03 032 Tredia L, LS, Turbo 1982-88,9999 04 033 Cordia L, Turbo 1982-88,9999 03 034 Galant ECS, Sigma (thru 88), ES, 1985-2010, 04 LS, DE, GTS-V6, I-4, 9999 Special Edition, Ralliart, Sport Edition 035 Mirage L, Turbo,GS,LS,DS,DE,ES 1985-2002, 02-04, 08-09 9999 036 Precis 1987-94,9999 03, 05, 07 2010 187 MAKE: Mitsubishi (Cont.) (52) (MITS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 037 Eclipse GS, DOHL, Turbo, GS-T, 1990-2010, 01-03, 09 GSX, Spyder, RS, GT, 9999 GTS, GS, Remix Edition, SE 038 Sigma (prior ‘89 see 034) 1989-90,9999 04 039 3000 GT SL, VR-4, Spyder 1991-99,9999 01-03,09 040 Diamante LS, ES, LE,VR-X 1992-2004, 04,06,09 9999 045 Expo Wagon LRV, Sport 1992-95,9999 06 046 Lancer/Lancer ES, LS, O-Z, Rally, 2002-10,9999 04-06,09 Sportback/ Lancer Evolution VII/VIII/IX/X, Evolution Sport, Ralliart LS, MR Edition, DE, GSR, GTS 047 Outlander ES, LS, SE, XLS, Limited 2003-10,9999 06 398 Other (automobile) 500, 1000, Debonair, 1960-2010, 01-09 Galant (1969) 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1960-2010, 01-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Montero/Montero Sport, LS, SR, XLS, ES, 1983-2006, 14 Sport LTD, 20th Anniversary 9999 Edition 402 Endeavor LS, SE, XLS, Limited 2004-10,9999 14 441 Mini-Van LS 1987-90,9999 20 471 Pickup Mighty Max, SPX, 4x4 1983-96,9999 30,32,40,42 472 Raider LS, Durocross, XLS 2006-10,9999 31 498 Other (light truck) 1983-2010, 14,20,30-32,40,42 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1983-2010, 14,20,30-32,40,42, 9999 48-49 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 882 Medium/Heavy – COE FUSO FE/FG/FH/FK/FM 1983-2010, 60-64,66,71-72,78 low entry 9999 898 Other (medium/heavy 1983-2010, 60-64,66,71-72,78 truck) 9999 188 2010 MAKE: Mitsubishi (Cont.) (52) (MITS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1981-2004, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1981-2004, 50-52,58-59 Front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1981-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1981-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown 999 Unknown (MITSUBISHI) 1983-2010, 49,79,99 9999 MAKE : Nissan/Datsun (35) (NISS) - (DATS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 F-10 1977-78,9999 03,05-07,09 032 200SX/240SX SE, SE-R, LE 1977-98,9999 01-03,09 033 210/1200/B210 110 series, Honeybee 1971-82,9999 02-04,06,08-09 034 Z-car, ZX 240/260/280Z&ZX, 300 ZX, 1970-96,9999 01-03,09 2+2, Turbo 035 310 SPL 1979-82,9999 02-03,05,07,09 036 510 PL,WPL 1968-73; 02-09 1978-81,9999 037 610 PL, HL 1973-76,9999 02-04,06,08-09 038 710 PL 1974-77,9999 02-04,06,08-09 039 810/Maxima SE (Titanium Special), 1977-2010, 04,06,09 GXE, GLE, 3.5SE/SL/SEL 9999 /S/SV, Platinum Edition 040 Roadster SPL311, SRL311, 1500, 1950-70,9999 01 1600, 2000, convertible, Fairlady 041 311/411 1000, Bluebird, PL311/ 1959-67,9999 04,06,09 PL312/PL410/PL411/ RL411 042 Stanza XE 1982-93,9999 03-07,09 043 Sentra E, XE, GXE, SE, SE-R 1982-2010, 02,04,06,08-09 (Spec V), GLE, CA, 2.5LE, 9999 1.8, 1.8S, 2.0/S/SL, Special Edition, SE-R, Platinum Edition 2010 189 MAKE : Nissan/Datsun (Cont.) (35) (NISS) - (DATS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 044 Pulsar NX, EXA (1986 on) 1983-90,9999 02-03,05,07,09 045 Micra 1987-94,9999 01-05,07-09 046 NX 1600/2000 T-bar coupe 1991-94,9999 02-03,09 047 Altima XE, GXE, SE, GLE, 2.5 1993-2010, 02, 04 S/SL, 3.5 S/SE/SL, SE-R, 9999 Hybrid 048 350Z/370Z Enthusiast, Performance, 2003-10,9999 01-02,09 Touring, Track, Base, 35th Anniversary, Grand Touring, Nismo 049 Murano SE, SL, S, LE 2003-10,9999 06 050 Versa 1.8S, 1.8SL 2007-10,9999 04-05 051 Rogue S, SL 2008-10,9999 06 052 Cube 2010 06 053 GT-R Base, Premium 2009-10,9999 02 398 Other (automobile) 110 sedan, K110 1955-10,9999 01-10 399 Unknown (automobile) 1955-10,9999 01-10 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Pathfinder MPV, 4X4, XE, LE, SE, S, 1986-2010, 14 Off-Road 9999 402 Xterra XE (I-4), SE, (S/C), SE-R, 2000-10,9999 14 Spec V, X, S, Off-Road 421 Pathfinder Armada LE, SE, SE Off-Road 2004-10,9999 15 441 Van XE, GXE 1987-91,9999 20 442 Axxess 1989-90,9999 20 443 Quest XE, GXE, SE, GLE, 3.5 1993-2002; 20 S/SE/SL, Special Edition 2004-10,9999 444 Altra EV* (electric vehicle*) 1998-2005, 20 9999 471 Datsun/Nissan Pickup 120,620 series, King Cab, 1955-97,9999 30,32,40,42 1955-1997) Hardbody, XE, SE 472 Frontier (1998 on) XE, SE, S/C (Regular Cab, 1998-2010, 30,32,40,42 King Cab, Desert Runner, 9999 Crew Cab), Open-Sky, SVE, Nismo, Pro-4X, LE 473 Titan (from 2004-06; see E, LE, SE, XE 2004-06,9999 31 481 for 2007 on) 190 2010 MAKE : Nissan/Datsun (Cont.) (35) (NISS) - (DATS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 481 Titan (from 2007 on; see LE, SE, XE, PRO-4X 2007-10,9999 31 473 for 2004-06) 498 Other (light truck) Patrol (1960) 1955-2010, 14-15,20,30-32 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1955-2010, 14-15,20,30-32, 9999 39-40,42,48-49 * Electric Vehicle. Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level Code “36.” MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1986-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1986-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 999 Unknown (NISSAN/DATSUN) 1950-2010, 49,79,99 9999 MAKE: Oldsmobile (21) (OLDS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Cutlass (RWD-only) Supreme, S, LS, Salon, 1960-88,9999 01-02,04,06, Brougham Vista Cruiser, 08-09 F85 (thru 1972), Rallye 350, Hurst Olds, 442, Calais (thru 1985), Classic (88) 002 Delta 88/LSS Royale, Custom, Delta, 1949-99,9999 01-04,06,08-09 Jetstar 88, Delmont 88, Starfire (Thru 1966), Custom Cruiser, Jetfire, Eighty-Eight (LS, 50th Anniv. Edition) 003 Ninety-Eight/Regency Luxury, Futuramic, 1949-99,9999 01-02,04,08-09 Brougham 005 Toronado XS,XSR, Trofeo, Brougham 1966-92,9999 02 Custom 006 Commercial Series Ambulance/Hearse 1940-2003, 09-12 9999 012 Starfire SX, GT, ST 1975-80,9999 01-03,09 015 Omega X-body type, Brougham 1973-85,9999 02-04,08-09 016 Firenza S, LS, SX, Cruiser, GT 1982-88,9999 03-06,07,09 2010 191 MAKE: Oldsmobile (Cont.) (21) (OLDS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 017 Ciera Cutlass Ciera, Cutlass 1982-96,9999 01-02,04,06, Cruiser, Brougham, ES, 08-09 I (International) 018 Calais GT, ES, 500 1985-91,9999 02,04,08 020 Cutlass (FWD) Supreme (Excludes 1988-99,9999 01,02,04,08-09 Ciera),GLS, GL 021 Achieva/Alero SC, SL, GX, GL (1,2,4), 1992-2004, 02,04,08 GLS 9999 022 Aurora 3.5L, 4.0L,Collector’s Series 1995-99; 04 2001-03,9999 023 Intrigue GL, GX, GLS 1997-2002, 02,04,08 9999 398 Other (automobile) 66/68/70/90, Dynamic 70 1930-2004, 01-12 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1930-2004, 01-12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Bravada 2WD, 4WD, Collector’s 1991-94; 14 Series 1996-2004, 9999 441 Silhouette GL, GLS, Series I, Series II, 1990-2004, 20 GS Premier Edition, 9999 Collector’s Series 499 Unknown (light truck) 1932-2004, 14,20,49 9999 999 Unknown (OLDSMOBILE) 1932-2004, 49 9999 MAKE: Peugeot (44) (PEUG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 304 1971-72,9999 04-06,09 032 403 Station Wagon 1955-67,9999 01,04,06,09 033 404 Station Wagon 1961-70,9999 01,04,06,09 192 2010 MAKE: Peugeot (Cont.) (44) (PEUG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 034 504/505 STI, STX, Turbo, S, STI, 1970-91,9999 04-06,09 STX, GL, GLS Liberte, Station Wagon, DSL, DL, GLX 035 604 SL, D 1977-84,9999 04 036 405 Mi-16, DL, S 1989-91,9999 04,06,09 398 Other (automobile) 202, 203 1945-91,9999 01-09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1945-91,9999 01-09 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50 cc 1965-83,9999 81 702 51-124cc 1965-83,9999 81 709 Unknown cc 1965-83,9999 81 999 Unknown (PEUGEOT) 1960-91,9999 99 MAKE: Plymouth (09) (PLYM) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Valiant/Scamp/Duster 100, 200, Brougham, 1960-76,9999 01-02,04,06, (thru 1976) Signet, Custom, Special, 08-09 340, 360, Twister 002 Satellite/Belvedere Belvedere I/II, GTX, 1951-74,9999 01-02,04,06, Roadrunner (through 1974), 08-12 Brougham, Sebring, Sebring Plus, Superbird 003 Fury (Fury Gran thru ’78) I, II, III, Roadrunner (1975), 1957-78,9999 01-02,04,06, Suburban, Salon, VIP, 08-09 Sport 004 Gran Fury (’80 on) Sedan, Coupe, Salon 1980-89,9999 02,04,06,08-09 005 Barracuda Formula, S, 340, Gran 1964-74,9999 01-02,09 Coupe, AAR, Cuda 006 Volare’ Custom, Premier, 1976-80,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Roadrunner (1976 on), Police 007 Caravelle Turbo, SE 1985-88,9999 04 008 Horizon/Turismo TC-3, Turismo 2.2, Miser, 1978-90,9999 03,05,07 America, Custom, SE, Duster (1985 on), Expo 011 Reliant (K) SE, LE, Reliant America, 1981-89,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Limited 013 Scamp-(car-based p/u) GT, 2.2 1982-84,9999 10 2010 193 MAKE: Plymouth (Cont.) (09) (PLYM) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 017 Sundance RS, Turbo, Sundance 1987-94,9999 03,05,07 Duster, America 020 Neon (2002 and on, see Sport, Competition, Highline1995-2001, 02,04,08 Dodge) 9999 031 Cricket 1971-72,9999 04,06,09 032 Arrow GS, GT, Fire Arrow 1976-80,9999 03 033 Sapporo all imported 1978-83,9999 02-03,09 034 Champ/Colt import Turbo, Custom, GL, SE, DL, 1979-94,9999 02-09 (includes 2WD Vista) E Station wagon (1984 on) 035 Conquest TSI 1984-87,9999 03 037 Laser RS, Turbo 1989-94,9999 02-03,09 038 Breeze 1996-2000, 04 9999 039 Prowler (2002 and on, Roadster, Black Tie Edition 1997;1999- 01 see Chrysler) 2001,9999 398 Other (automobile) Regant, Fleet, Savoy, 1930-95,9999 01-12 Concord, Cambridge 399 Unknown (automobile) 1965-2001, 01-12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 421 Trailduster 1974-93,9999 15 441 Vista Van 4X4 (only) 1987-94,9999 20 442 Voyager (minivan) (2000 SE, LX, Grand Voyager, SE 1984-2001, 20 and on, see Chrysler) Expresso, EPIC-electric* 9999 461 Van-fullsize (B-series) Voyager (thru 1983), Sport, 1965-95,9999 21 Premier 471 Arrow pickup (foreign) 1975-91,9999 30,32 498 Other (light truck) 1965-2001, 15,20-21,28-29, 9999 30,32,42,45,48 499 Unknown (light truck) 1974-2001, 15,20-21,29, 30, 9999 32, 48-49 * Electric Vehicle. Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level Code “36.” 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2001, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (PLYMOUTH) 1957-2001, 49 9999 194 2010 MAKE: Pontiac (22) (PONT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Lemans/Tempest (thru Safari, T-37, Luxury, Grand 1961-81,9999 01-02,04,06, 1970) Sport, GTO (thru 1973), 08-09 GT-37, Sprint, Judge, Grand AM (73-75), Grand Lemans 002 Bonneville/Catalina/ Brougham, Grand Safari, 1954-2005, 01-02,04,06, Parisienne Safari, Grandville, 2+2, 9999 08-09 Executive, Starchief, SE, SSE, SSEi, G, SLE, GXP 005 Fiero 2M4, 2M6, GT, SE 1984-89,9999 02 008 Ventura/GTO II, SJ, Sprint, GTO (74-77), 1971-77; 02-04,09 Custom, Base, LS2 2004-06,9999 009 Firebird/Trans AM Esprit, Formula, GTA, 1967-2002, 01-03,09 Redbird, Yellowbird, 9999 Skybird, SE, Bandit, TransAm 010 Grand Prix (RWD) J, LJ, SJ, Brougham, 2+2, 1962-87,9999 01-02,09 GT, STE, SE 011 Astre Safari, SJ, Custom 1975-77,9999 02-03,06,09 012 Sunbird (thru 1980;1985 Safari, Sport, Formula 1976-80,9999 01-09 on see model 016) 013 T-1000/1000 2T 1981-87,9999 03,05,07 015 Phoenix LJ, SJ 1977-84,9999 02-05,07-09 016 Sunbird (1985-1994)/ LE, SE, GT, 2000 1982-2005, 01-09 J-2000/Sunfire (1995 on) Convertible, 2J, S, SE, GT, 9999 1SA, 1SB, 1SC, 1SV 017 6000 STE, SE, LE 1982-91,9999 02,04,06,08-09 018 Grand AM SE, LE, GT, GT1, SE1, 1973-2005, 02,04,08 SE2, SC/T Package 9999 019 G5 Base, GT 2007-10,9999 02 020 Grand Prix (FWD) LE, SE, STE, GT, McLaren 1988-2008, 01-02,04,08-09 Turbo, GTP, Limited 9999 Edition, 40th Anniversary Edition, GXP 022 G6 Base, GT, GTP, Value 2005-10,9999 01-02,04 Leader, GXP 023 Solstice GXP 2006-09,9999 01-02 024 G8 GT, GXP 2008-09,9999 04 025 G3 2009-10,9999 04,05 031 Lemans (1988-on) LE, SE, Tempest Canadian) 1988-93,9999 01-09 2010 195 MAKE: Pontiac (Cont.) (22) (PONT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 032 Vibe GT, AWD, HB 2003-10,9999 06 398 Other (automobile) Torpedo, Streamliner, 1946-2010, 01-10 Chieftain Star Chief, Super 9999 Chief 399 Unknown (automobile) 1926-2010, 01-10 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Aztek GT, SE, 1SA, 1SB, 1SC, 2001-05,9999 14 Rally Edition 403 Torrent GXP 2006-09,9999 14 441 Trans Sport/ SE, Montana, Extended, 1990-2006, 20 Montana/SV6 Versatrak, 1SV, 1SA, 1SX, 9999 1SY, 1SE, Chrome Sport, 499 Unknown (light truck) 1990-2009, 14, 20, 49 9999 999 Unknown (PONTIAC) 1951-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Porsche (45) (PORS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 911/996 L, S, E, T, SC, Carrera (2, 1965-2010, 01-02,09 4, Cabriolet, Targa), GT, 9999 Slopenose, 4S, Targa, Speedster, Turbo, B series, S-Coupe, Cabriolet (S), GT2, GT3 (RS), Carrera GT 032 912 1600, E, T 1966-69; 01-02,09 1976,9999 033 914 1.7, 1.8, 2.0, S, 914/4/6 1970-76,9999 01 034 924 Turbo, S 1977-88,9999 01-03,09 035 928 S, S4, GT, GTS 1978-95,9999 02-03,09 036 930 Turbo 1979 02 037 944 Turbo, S, S2 1983-91,9999 01-03,09 038 959 Not Imported to U.S. 1989-94,9999 01-03,09 039 968 1992-95,9999 01,02,09 040 986/Boxster Boxster, Boxster Cabriolet, 1997-2010, 01 S Roadster, S Anniversary, 9999 Limited Edition 196 2010 MAKE: Porsche (Cont.) (45) (PORS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 041 Cayman S 2006-10,9999 02 398 Other (automobile) Spyder, Speedster (prior to 1948-2010, 01-03,09 ‘65), 356 (A,B,C) Grund, 9999 America, Super, 1500 399 Unknown (automobile) 1948-2010, 01-03,09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 421 Cayenne Turbo, S, Titanium, GTS 2003-10,9999 15 999 Unknown (PORSCHE) 1965-2010, 99 9999 MAKE: Renault (46) (RENA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 LeCar R-5, R5TL, GTL, TL, DLX 1976-83,9999 02-05,07-09 032 Dauphine/10/R-8 all models, R-1190, 1955-71,9999 01-02,04,08-09 Caravelle R8 -1100 033 12 R-12L, R-12TL/GTL 1972-77,9999 04,06,09 034 15 R-15TL 1973-76,9999 02-03,09 035 16 R-16, R-1152 1969-72,9999 06 036 17 R17, Gordini Coupe, R17TL 1972-80,9999 01-02,09 037 18i/Sportwagon R18i, Deluxe, DLX 1981-86,9999 04,06,09 039 Alliance/Encore GTA, L, DL, Limited, X-37 1983-87,9999 01-05,07-09 Convertible 041 Alpine GT, GTA Coupe, Not 1971-90,9999 02-03,09 imported to U.S. 044 Medallion ** DL, LX 1987 04,06,09 045 Premier** 1987 04 398 Other (automobile) Juvaquatre, 4CV, Fregate, 1946-90,9999 01-11 Domaine 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-90,9999 01-11 ** Note: Medallion and Premier listed under Eagle after 1987. 2010 197 MAKE: Saab (47) (SAA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 99/99E/900 S,GL, GLE, L, LE, 2CM, 1969-98,9999 01-05,07-09 4CM Turbo, Cabriolet, 2EM, 4EM, CM, SE 032 Sonnett II, III, 97 1967-74,9999 02 033 95/96 V-4, M, S, M-S, Special 1959-73,9999 02,06,09 034 9000 S, Turbo, CS, CD, CDE, E, 1985-98,9999 04,05,09 AERO,CSE 035 9-3 SE (Hot), Viggen, Linear 1999-2010, 01,03-07,09 Arc, Vector, Aero, 2.0T, 9999 SportCombi 036 9-5 SE, Aero, 2.3T, Set, Arc, 1999-2010, 02,04,06,08,09 Linear, Aero, SportCombi, 9999 2.5T, Turbo X 037 9-2x Linear, Aero 2005-06,9999 05 038 9-4X 2009-10,9999 06 398 Other (automobile) Monte Carlo 850, GT850, 1950-2010, 01-09 GT750, 92/93 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1950-2010, 01-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 9-7x Arc, Linear, 4.2i, 5.3i, 2005-2010, 14 Altitude Edition, Aero 9999 999 Unknown (SAAB) 1950-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Saturn (24) (STRN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 SL SL, SL1, SL2 1991-2002, 04 9999 002 SC SC1, SC2 1991-2002, 02 9999 003 SW SW1, SW2 1993-2001, 06 9999 004 EV1/EGV1* Electric Vehicle (Gen II) 1997-2003, 02 9999 005 LS LS, LS1, LS2, L100/L200/ 2000-05,9999 04 L300, L300-1/2/3 006 LW LW1, LW2, LW200/ LW300- 2000-04,9999 06 1/2/3 007 Ion Quad-coupe, 1/2/3, Red 2003-07,9999 04 Line 198 2010 MAKE: Saturn (Cont.) (24) (STRN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 008 Sky Red Line 2007-10,9999 01 009 Aura XE, XR, Hybrid 2007-10,9999 04 010 Outlook XE, XR 2007-10,9999 06 011 Astra XE, XR, Sport 2008-10,9999 03,05 * Electric Vehicle. Be sure to code Related Factors-Vehicle Level Code “36.” 398 Other (automobile) 1991-2010, 02,04,06,08-09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1991-2010, 02,04,06,08-09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Vue Red Line, 4, V6, Green 2002-10,9999 14 Line, XE, XR-4, XR-V6 441 Relay 2, 3 2005-07,9999 20 499 Unknown (light truck) 2002-10,9999 14, 20 999 Unknown (SATURN) 1991-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Smart (65) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Fortwo Pure, Passion, BRABUS 2008-10,9999 01, 02 398 Other (automobile) 2008-10,9999 01,02,09 399 Unknown (automobile) 2008-10,9999 01,02,09 MAKE: Sterling (61) (STLG) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 827 Li, SL, S, SLI 1987-91,9999 04-05,09 398 Other (automobile) 825, S, SL, Oxford Edition 1987-91,9999 04-05,09 399 Unknown (automobile) 1987-91,9999 04-05,09 2010 199 MAKE: Subaru (48) (SUBA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Loyale (1990 on)/DL/ 4-wheel drive, S, 1300, 1400, 1972-94,9999 02-09 FE/G/GF/GL/GLF/ 1600, 1800, A15L, A44L, STD Touring Wagon, Turbo 032 Star FF -1 Star, 1100 1971 02,04,06,08-09 033 360 1958-70,9999 02 034 Legacy/Outback(prior L, LS, LSI, 4WD, Outback 1990-2010, 04-06,09 to 2003 only; see 045 (Limited, Ltd, Sport, VDC, L.L. 9999 for 2003 on) Bean Edition), GT, Brighton, Sport Utility Sedan (Ltd.), 30th Anniv. Outback, H-6, 35th Anniv., 2.5, 2.5i/GT, spec. B, 3.0R, Limited 035 XT/XT6 4WD Turbo, convertible, DL, 1985-91,9999 01-02,09 GL 036 Justy DL, GL, 4WD 1987-94,9999 03,05,07 037 SVX LS, LSL, XR, LSi 1992-97,9999 02 038 Impreza L, LS, Brighton, Outback Sport, 1993-2010, 02,04-06,08-09 RS, L-Sport, LX, 2.5i/ RS/TS, 9999 WRX, WRX Sport/STI/ TR, Limited Edition, Premium 039 RX 1986-89,9999 03-04,09 043 Brat DL, GL 1978-87,9999 10 044 Baja Sport, Turbo 2003-07,9999 10 045 Outback (2003 on; H6-VDC, 35th Anniversary 2003-10,9999 04-06,09 see 034 for prior to Edition, 2.5, 2.5i, 2.5XT, 3.0R, 2003) Special Edition, VDC Limited, Sport, L.L. Bean Edition, 3.0R 398 Other (automobile) 1968-2010, 01-10 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1968-2010, 01-10 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Forester L, S, 2.5X, 2.5XS, 2.5XT, L.L. 1997-2010, 14 Bean Edition, Limited, Sport, 9999 Premium 402 B9 Tribeca Base, Limited, Special Edition 2006-10,9999 14 499 Unknown (light truck) 1997-2010, 14 9999 999 Unknown (SUBARU) 1958-2010, 49 9999 200 2010 MAKE: Suzuki (53) (SUZI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Swift/SA310 GTi, GTX, GLX, GA, GT, GL 1989-2001, 03-05,07,09 2010, 9999 032 Esteem GL, GLX, GLX+ 1995-2002, 04,06,09 9999 033 Aerio S,G,LX,SX (Wagon), Luxury 2002-07,9999 04,06,09 034 Forenza S, LX, EX, Premium, 2004-08,9999 04,06,09 Convenience, Popular 035 Verona S, LX, EX, Luxury 2004-06,9999 04 036 Reno S, LX, EX, Premium, 2005-08,9999 05 Convenience 040 SX4 Base, Sport, Convenience, 2007-10,9999 05 Touring 041 Kizashi 2010 04 398 Other (automobile) 800 Fronte, Alto 1981-2010, 03-07,09 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1981-2010, 03-07,09 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 Samurai Standard, Deluxe, JL 1986-96,9999 14 402 Sidekick/Vitara/ Vitara JS, JX, JLX, JLS, Sport, Grand 1989-2004, 14 V6 Vitara (1999-2002 only; see 9999 model 404 for 2003 on) (JS, JLX, JLS, Ltd.) XL-7 (2002 only; see model 405 for 2003 on) LX 403 X-90 1996-98,9999 14 404 Grand Vitara (2003 JS, JLX, JLS, Limited, GX, LX, 2003-10,9999 14 on; see model 402 for XV6, Premium, XSport, Luxury models prior to 2003) 405 XL-7 (2003 on; see Standard, Touring, Limited, 2003-10,9999 14 402 for 2002 model GX, LX, Premium, Luxury year) 481 Equator 2009-10,9999 31 498 Other (light truck) Jimmy 1981-2010, 14, 31 9999 499 Unknown (light truck) 1981-2010, 14, 31 9999 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1970-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 2010 201 MAKE: Suzuki (Cont.) (53) (SUZI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES (Cont.) 702 51-124cc 1970-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 703 125-349cc 1969-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 704 350-449cc 1970-93; 80,83,88-89 2000-10,9999 705 450-749cc 1969-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 706 750cc-over 1970-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1969-10,9999 80-83,88-89 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 731 0-50cc includes all ATVs 1969-87; 90 designed solely for 2002-04,9999 732 51-124cc off-road use and have 3 1969-2004, 90 or 4 wheels. 9999 733 125-349cc 1969-2010, 90 9999 734 350cc or greater 1969-93; 90 1999-2010, 9999 739 Unknown cc 1969-2010, 90 9999 999 Unknown (SUZUKI) 1969-2010, 49,99 9999 MAKE: Toyota (49) (TOYT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Corona Mark II, Custom, 1900, 2000, 1966-83,9999 02,04,06,08-09 Deluxe 032 Corolla 1100, 1200, 1600, SR-5, LE, 1969-2010, 02-09 DX, CE, Deluxe, Custom, FX, 9999 FX16, Sport, GTS, VE, S, XRS, XLE 033 Celica 1900, 2000, GT, ST, GTS, VE, 1971-2005, 01-03,09 GT-S 9999 034 Supra Celica Supra, Soarer, Turbo 1979-98,9999 03 035 Cressida 1978-92,9999 04-06,09 036 Crown 2300, 2600, Toyopets 1958-71,9999 02,04,06,08-09 037 Carina 2000 1972-73,9999 02 038 Tercel Corolla Tercel, 4WD, EZ, DX, 1980-98,9999 02-09 LE, DLX, CE 202 2010 MAKE: Toyota (Cont.) (49) (TOYT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 039 Starlet 1981-84,9999 03 040 Camry LE, Deluxe, XLE, DLX, SE, All- 1983-2010, 02,04-06,08-09 Trac, CE, SE, Limited Edition, 9999 LE, Hybrid, 041 MR-2/MR Spyder Super Charged 1984-95; 01-02,09 2000-05,9999 042 Paseo Turbo, T-bar 1992-97,9999 01-02,09 043 Avalon XL, XLS, Limited, Touring 1995-2010, 04 9999 044 Solara Camry Solara (SE, SLE, 1999-2010, 01-02,09 Sport) 9999 045 ECHO 2000-05,9999 02,04,09 046 Prius * *Electric hybrid, Touring 2001-10,9999 04,05 047 Matrix Base, XR, XRS, STD, S 2003-10,9999 06 048 Scion xA RS 1.0 2004-07,9999 05 049 Scion xB 1.0, 2.0 Series 2004-10,9999 06 050 Scion tC 1.0 Series 2005-10,9999 03 051 Yaris Liftback, S 2007-10,9999 03-05 052 Scion xD 2008-10,9999 05 053 Venza 2009-10,9999 05 054 Scion iQ 2010 04 398 Other (automobile) 2000 GT Coupe (1960s), 1960-2010, 01-10 Sports 800, Vipor, Tiara 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1960-2010, 01-10 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 4-Runner SR5, Limited, Sport 1984-2010, 14 9999 402 RAV4* L, EVs-electric*, Sport, Limited 1996-10,9999 14 403 Highlander Limited, Hybrid, Sport 2001-10,9999 14 404 FJ Cruiser Baja 1000, FJ, SE, TRD 2007-10,9999 14 421 Land Cruiser 4WD 1964-2010, 15 9999 422 Sequoia SR5, Limited, Platinum 2001-10,9999 15 441 Minivan (1984-90)/ LE, Cargo, DX, XLE 1984-97,9999 20 Previa (1991 on) 442 Sienna CE, LE, XLE, Symphony, 1998-2010, 20 Limited 9999 471 Pickup SR-5,Extra Cab, Sport, LN44, 1974-95,9999 30-32,40,42 Chinook, Wonder Wagon 472 Tacoma SR5, Xtracab, Limited, 1995-2010, 30,32,40,42 PreRunner, Side Step, Double 9999 Cab, S-Runner, X-Runner 481 T-100 DX, SR5, Limited, Xtracab 1993-98,9999 31-32,40,42 2010 203 MAKE: Toyota (Cont.) (49) (TOYT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.) 482 Tundra SR5 (Access Cab), LTD, 1999-2010, 31-32,40,42 (Access Cab), Double Cab, 9999 Darrell Waltrip Special Edition, CrewMax 498 Other (light truck) 1970-2010, 14-15,19-20, 9999 29-30,32,39 499 Unknown (light truck) 1973-2010, 14-15,19-20,30-32, 9999 39-40,42,48-49 999 Unknown (TOYOTA) 1966-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Triumph (50) (TRIU) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Spitfire I, II, III, IV, 1500 1962-81,9999 01,02,09 032 GT-6 MK3 1967-73,9999 01,02,09 033 TR4 TR2, TR3, TR4A 1958-68,9999 01,02,09 034 TR6 1969-76,9999 01,02,09 035 TR7/TR8 1975-81,9999 01,02,09 036 Herald Vitesse 1960-74,9999 01-02,06,09 037 Stag 1971-73,9999 01,02,09 398 Other (automobile) 1800,2000,Mayflower, 1946-81,9999 01-02,04,08-09 Renown,1200 399 Unknown (automobile) 1946-81,9999 01-02,04,08-09 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1965-83,9999 80 702 51-124cc 1965-83,9999 80 703 125-349cc 1950-74,9999 80 704 350-449cc 1950-71,9999 80 705 450-749cc 1950-83; 80 2000-10,9999 706 750cc or greater 1950-74; 80 1983-2010, 9999 709 Unknown cc 1950-2010, 80 9999 799 Unknown (motored cycle) 1950-2010, 80 9999 999 Unknown (TRIUMPH) 1950-2010, 99 9999 204 2010 MAKE: Volkswagen (30) (VOLK) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Karmann Ghia 1954-75,9999 01-02,09 032 Beetle 1300/1500 Flat windshield, 94.5 WB 1948-77,9999 01-02,09 033 Super Beetle Curved windshield 95.3 WB 1971-80,9999 01-02,09 034 411/412 Squareback/Fastback 1971-74,9999 03-04,09 035 Squareback/Fastback Type 3, 1600 1965-74,9999 02 036 Rabbit L, GTI, Sport, LS, Custom, 1975-84, 01,03,05-07,09 DL, Deluxe, S 2007-10,9999 037 Dasher 1974-81,9999 03,05-07,09 038 Scirocco 16V 1975-88,9999 02 040 Jetta Jetta III, GL (TDI, 1.9L, 1981-2010, 02,04,06,08 2.0L), GLI (VR6), GLS 9999 (1.8T,1.8L/l.9L/2.0L/2.8L/ TDI/VR6),GT, Carat, TDI, GLX (VR6/2.8L), Turbo Diesel, Wolfsburg Edition, 2.5L S/SE/SEL, Value Edition. 2.0T, 3.6 041 Quantum Synco 1982-88,9999 02,04,06,08-09 042 Golf/Cabriolet/Cabrio/ Golf II, GTI (GLS, GLX 1985-2010, 01,03,05-07, 09 GTI 1.8T/2.8L), GT, GL(1.8T/ 9999 VR6/2.0L/1.9L/ TDI), Golf III, GLS (1.8T/1.8L/1.9L/ 2.0/TDI), Wolfsburg, Cabrio (GL, GLS, GLX), 20th Anniversary, R32, MkV 043 Rabbit Pickup car-based pickup 1980-83,9999 10 044 Fox GL 1987-94,9999 02,04,06,08-09 045 Corrado 1989-94,9999 02 046 Passat GL,GLS(1.8T,Synchro,V6), 1990-2010, 04,06,09 TDI,GLX(1.8T, 2.0T, W8, 9999 Synchro,V6), 4MOTION, 3.6 GL, Value Edition, CC 047 New Beetle GL GLS TDI, 1.8T/1.8L/ 1998-2010, 01,03,09 1.9L/2.0L/2.5/2.5L Syncro/ 9999 V6, GLX (1.8T), Turbo S 048 Phaeton 3.2L, 4.2L, V6, V8,W12 2003-06,9999 04 051 Eos 2.0T, 3.2L, Komfort, Lux, 2007-10,9999 01 VR6 052 Polo 2010 05 398 Other (automobile) 1965-2010, 01-10 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1956-2010, 01-10 9999 2010 205 MAKE: Volkswagen (Cont.) (30) (VOLK) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 401 The Thing (181) 1973-75,9999 14 402 Tiguan S, SE, SEL 2008-10,9999 14 421 Touareg/Touareg 2 V6, V8, V10, VR6 FSI 2003-10,9999 15 441 Vanagon/Camper Bus, Kombi, Van 1955-91,9999 20 442 Eurovan GLS, MV, Camper, 1992-04,9999 20 Weekender Package 443 Routan S, SE, SEL Premium/RSE 2009-10,9999 20 498 Other (light truck) 1967-80,9999 14-15,20 499 Unknown (light truck) 1965-2010, 14-15,20,49 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (VOLKSWAGEN) 1956-2010, 49 9999 MAKE: Volvo (51) (VOLV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 122 S 1958-68,9999 02,04,06,08-09 032 140/142/144/145 * S, E, GL, GLS, Deluxe 1968-74,9999 02,04,06,08-09 033 164 S, E 1970-75,9999 04 034 240 series*/DL/GL/GLT 242, 244, 245, DL, GL, 1975-93,9999 02,04,06,08-09 GLT, Deluxe 035 260 series/GLE 264,265,262, c, Volvo 1976-82,9999 02,04,06,08-09, Coupe, Volvo Diesel 12 036 1800 E, S, ES, P1800 1960-73,9999 02,06,09 037 PV544 PV444 1947-65,9999 04,06,09 038 760/780 GLE, Turbo, Bertone Coupe 1983-92,9999 02,04,06,08-09, 12 039 740 GLE, GT, Turbo, GL, SE 1983-92,9999 04,06,09 040 940 GLE, Turbo, SE 1991-95,9999 04,06,09,12 041 960 1992-97,9999 04,06,09,12 042 850 GLT, Turbo, T-5, GTAS, 1993-97,9999 04,06,09 GTMS Cross Country 043 70 Series C70 (LT, HT,T5), S70 (GLT, 1998-2010, 01-02,04,06,09 T5, AWD) V70 (R, SC 9999 Cross Country, GLT, T-5, XC-70, M, 2.4T, 2.4, 2.5T, T-6, R, 3.2) LPT, HPT 044 90 Series S90, V90 1998 04,06,09 206 2010 MAKE: Volvo (Cont.) (51) (VOLV) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 045 80 Series S80 (2.9, T6, Executive, 1999-2010, 04 Premier) 2.5, 2.5T, 3.2, V8 9999 046 40 Series S40,V40,LSE, 2.5i, T5, 2.4i, 2000-10,9999 04,06,09 R-Design 047 60 Series S60 (2.4T, 2.4, 2.5 AWD, 2001-10,9999 04 T5), 2.4M, 2.5T, R, T5 048 V50 2.4i, T5, R-Design 2005-10,9999 06 049 C30 1.0, 2.0, T5, R-Design 2008-10,9999 03 398 Other (automobile) 1958-2010, 01-12 9999 399 Unknown (automobile) 1958-2010, 01-12 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 401 XC90 2.5T(AWD), T6(AWD), V8, 2003-10,9999 14 3.2, R-Design MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1981-93; 60-64,66,78 1996-2010, 9999 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1981-93; 60-64,66,78 low entry 1996-2004, 9999 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1981-93; 60-64,66,78 high entry 1996-2004, 9999 884 Medium/Heavy – Unknown 1981-93; 60-64,66, engine location 1996-2010, 71-72,78 9999 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1981-93; 60-64,66,78 entry position unknown 1996-2010, 9999 898 Other (medium/heavy 1981-93; 60-64,66, truck) 1996-2010, 71-72,78 9999 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1981-2005, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2005, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use “981” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 999 Unknown (VOLVO) 1958-2010, 79,99 9999 2010 207 MAKE: Yugo (57) (YUGO) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 GV/GVL/GVX All models, Cabriolet 1986-92,9999 01-03,09 MAKE: Other Domestic Manufacturers (29) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 001 Studabaker/Avanti Lark, Gran Turismo, Hawk, 1940-91; 01-02, 04, 06, Cruiser, all associated 2001-07,9999 08-09, 16, 31, subseries, light pick-up, 39 Studebaker XUV/XUT, Lister 002 Checker Marathon, Superba, Taxi, 1965-82,9999 04, 06, 09, 12 Aerobus 003 Panoz Esperante (Magnussen 2000-10,9999 01-02, 09 Edition), GTS, GTLM 004 Saleen S7 2001-10,9999 02 398 Other (automobile) Desoto, Excaliber, Stutz, 1930-91,9999 01-13 FiberFab, Hudson, Packard, Consulier, Gatsby, Auburn, Phaeton, Citicar, Clenet 399 Unknown Make 1940-2010, 01-13, 16, 39 9999 MAKE: Other Import (69) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 031 Aston Martin Lagonda, Vantage, Volante, 1950-2010, 01-09 Saloon, DB Mark III, DB4, 9999 DB4GT, DB5, DB6, DB7 (Heritage, Vantage, Volante), V12 Vanquish S, V8, DB9, Rapide, DBS 032 Bricklin 1965-91,9999 02 033 Citroen 1965-91,9999 02-09 034 DeLorean 1981-83,9999 02 208 2010 MAKE: Other Import (Cont.) (69) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 035 Ferrari F355 (Berlinetta, GTS, 1965-2010, 01-05,07-09 Spider, F1), F430, F456 9999 (GTA, M, GT, MGTA), F550 (Maranello, Barchetta Pininfarina), 360/430 (Spider, Modena, Challenge) Maranello, Berlinetta, MGT (Vintage), Enzo, Challenge Stradale, 575M, 612 Scaglietti, Superamerica, 599 GTB, California 036 Hillman 1965-91,9999 01-09 037 Jensen Healy-Interceptor, 541R 1965-91,9999 01-05,07-09 038 Lamborghini Countach, 5000S, Jalpa, 1965-2010, 01-02,04,08-09 Diablo, Miura, Murciélago 9999 (LP640), Galladoro 039 Lotus Europe, Espirit (V8, GT-3, 1967-2010, 01-02,04,08-09 V8-GT) Elise, Exige, Evora 9999 040 Maserati Biturbo, Ghibli, 3200 GT, 1965-99; 01-05,07-09 Quattroporte, Spyder GT, 2002-10,9999 Sports GT, Executive GT, 90th Anniversary, MC12, GranSport, GranTurismo 041 Morris Minor 1965-91,9999 01-10 042 Rolls Royce/Bentley Rolls Royce: Cloud/Shadow 1926-2010, 01-02,04,08-09 series, Silver Spur, Silver 9999 Dawn, Silver Spirit, Silver Seraph, Corniche, Park Ward); Bently: (Arnaze, Azure, Continental, Mulliner), Phantom, Brooklands 044 Simca 1965-91,9999 01-09 045 Sunbeam 1965-91,9999 01-02,04,08-09 046 TVR 1965-91,9999 01-02,09 048 Desta 1985-99,9999 14-15,19 049 Reliant 1960-91,9999 01-09 052 Bertone X/19 1989-91,9999 01-02,09 053 Lada 1965-91,9999 01-09 2010 209 MAKE: Other Import (Cont.) (69) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Cont.) 054 Mini-Cooper Mark I,II,III, S, SE, Sport, 1961-74; 01,03, 06 MC40, Traveller 2002-10,9999 055 Morgan (2003 on; Prior Aero 8, Plus 8, V6 2003-10,9999 01 to 2003 see 398) 056 Maybach 57, 57S, 62 2003-10,9999 04 057 Spyker C8, Base, T, Laviolette, 2005-10,9999 01-02 Double 12R, Double 12S 058 Koenigsegg CC8S, CCR, CCX 2007-10,9999 01 059 Tesla 2008-10,9999 01 060 Yes Roadster 2009-10,9999 01 061 Mahinda Scorpio (Lx, Sle, Vls, Vlx) 2010 14 398 Other (automotive) Morgan (Prior to 2003; 2003 1965-91, 01-13 on see 055), Singer, 2010,9999 Gazelle, Fisker 399 Unknown Make 1928-2010, 01-10,19 9999 210 2010 MOTORED CYCLES Note: Refer to Passenger Car section of this table for motored cycles produced by automobile manufacturers (BMW, Honda, Peugeot, Suzuki, Triumph) MAKE: BSA (70) (BSA ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1950-72,9999 80-81,83,88-89 702 51-124cc 1950-72,9999 80-81,83,88-89 703 125-349cc 1950-72,9999 80,83,88-89 704 350-449cc 1950-72,9999 80,83,88-89 705 450-749cc 1950-72,9999 80,83,88-89 706 750cc or greater 1950-72,9999 80,83,88-89 709 Unknown cc 1950-72,9999 80,83,88-89 MAKE: Ducati (71) (DUCA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1958-65,9999 80-81,88-89 702 51-124cc 1958-65,9999 80-81,88-89 703 125-349cc 1958-65,9999 80,88-89 704 350-449cc 1958-65,9999 80,88-89 705 450-749cc 1958-93; 80,88-89 1997-2006, 9999 706 750cc or greater 1958-2010, 80,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1958-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 MAKE: Harley-Davidson (72) (HD) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1965-66,9999 80-81 702 51-124cc 1948-78,9999 80-81,88-89 703 125-349cc 1948-88,9999 80,88-89 704 350-449cc 1969-74,9999 80,88-89 705 450-749cc 1971-78,9999 80,88-89 706 750cc or greater 1932-2010, 80,82,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1932-2010, 80,82,88-89 9999 2010 211 MAKE: Kawasaki (73) (KAWK) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1965-82,9999 80-81,83,88-89 702 51-124cc 1965-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 703 125-349cc 1965-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 704 350-449cc 1975-98; 80,83,88-89 2003-04; 2006-10, 9999 705 450-749cc 1972-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 706 750cc or greater 1972-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 731 0-50cc 2003-10,9999 90 732 51-124cc includes all ATVs 1970-88; 90 designed solely for 2003-10,9999 733 125-349cc off-road use and have 3 1970-2010, 90 or 4 wheels. 9999 734 350cc or greater 1970-2010, 90 9999 739 Unknown cc 1970-2010, 90 9999 MAKE: Moto-Guzzi (74) (MOGU) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 704 350-449cc 1965-76,9999 80,88-89 705 450-749cc 1965-87; 80,88-89 2004-10,9999 706 750cc or greater 1965-2010, 80,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 80,88-89 9999 212 2010 MAKE: Norton (75) (NORT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 704 350-449cc 1950-76,9999 80,83,88-89 705 450-749cc 1950-76,9999 80,83,88-89 706 750cc or greater 1950-76,9999 80,83,88-89 709 Unknown cc 1950-76,9999 80,83,88-89 MAKE: Victory (77) (VCTY) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 706 750cc or greater 1998-2010, 80,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1998-2010, 80,88-89 9999 MAKE: Yamaha (76) (YAMA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1979-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 702 51-124cc 1972-2010, 80-81,83,88-89 9999 703 125-349cc 1969-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 704 350-449cc 1972-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 705 450-749cc 1971-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 706 750cc or greater 1974-2010, 80,83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1969-2010, 80,88-89 9999 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 731 0-50cc includes all ATVs 1965-91, 90 designed solely for 2005-10, off-road use and have 3 9999 732 51-124cc or 4 wheels. 1965-2010, 90 9999 733 125-349cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 734 350cc or greater 1993-2010, 90 9999 2010 213 MAKE: Yamaha (Cont.) (76) (YAMA) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types ALL TERRAIN VEHICLE (Cont.) 739 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 998 Other (Vehicle) Snowmobiles 1965-2010, 91 9999 214 2010 TRUCKS MAKE: Brockway (80) (BROC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy - COE 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, low entry 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy - COE 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, high entry 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, entry position unknown 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-77,9999 60-64,66, truck) 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-77,9999 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-77,9999 50-52,58-59 front 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-77,9999 50-52,58-59 front 988 Other (bus) 1965-77,9999 50-52,58-59 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-77,9999 65,73 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-77,9999 91-93,97 999 Unknown (BROCKWAY) 1965-77,9999 99 2010 215 MAKE: Diamond Reo or Reo (81) (DIAR) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE DC101,C116 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, low entry 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE C054-C088 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, high entry 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, entry position unknown 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1954-75,9999 60-64,66, truck) 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1954-75,9999 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1954-75,9999 50-52,58-59 front 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1954-75,9999 50-52,58-59 front 988 Other (bus) 1954-75,9999 50-52,58-59 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1954-75,9999 65,73 998 Other (vehicle) 1954-75,9999 91-93,97 999 Unknown (DIAMOND REO or REO) 1954-75,9999 99 216 2010 MAKE: Freightliner (82) (FRHT) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 461 Sprinter/Advantage 2500 (HC/SHC), 3500 2002-10, 21-22,28-29 (HC/SHC) 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1968-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1963-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1963-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (FREIGHTLINER) 1963-2010, 99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 2010 217 MAKE: FWD (83) (FWD ) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-2001, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2001, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2001, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1965-2001, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2001, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2001, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2001, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-2001, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2001, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2001, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2001, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2001, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (FWD) 1965-2001, 99 9999 218 2010 MAKE: International Harvester/Navistar (84) (INTL) - (NAVI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 421 Scout Scout II, Utility pickup, SS-2, 1962-80,9999 15 Roadster, 800 series, Traveler, Terra Traveltop, 431 Travelall 1010-1210, 100-200 1963-75,9999 16 466 Multistop Van Metro RM, MS1510, 120- 1960-84,9999 22,28-29 160, MS1210 481 Pickup R-100-500, 900A-1500C/D, 1951-76,9999 31,33 1010-1510 498 Other (light truck) 1960-84,9999 15-16,22,28-29 499 Unknown (light truck) 1951-84,9999 15-16,19,22, 28-29 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCK 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE Loadstar/Fleetstar, Paystar, 1963-2010, 60-64,66, CBE Transtar, 4200, S- 9999 71-72,78 series Mixer, 8100, 8500, 9100, 9200, 9300, 9400, 9900, CXT, RXT, MXT 882 Medium/Heavy – COE CO, VCO, DCO, 190-1950, 1973-2010, 60-64,66, low entry Cargostar, LFM, 5370 9999 71-72,78 (Garbage), CF500/600 883 Medium/Heavy – COE DCO, DCOT, UCO, VCOT, 1961-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 405-series, COE Transtar, 9999 71-72,78 Unistar, Conco 707B, 9600 884 Medium/Heavy – 1948-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1964-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy Fire truck - R140-R306, CO 1955-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 8190 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional R153-1853 Loadstar, 1953-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 1603-1853 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 173FC, 183FC 1972-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus**: Rear engine, Flat 183RE, 193RE-transit 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1953-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 2010 219 MAKE: International Harvester/Navistar (Cont.) (84) (INTL) – (NAVI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1954-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (INTL. HARVESTER/ NAVISTAR) 1951-2010, 79,99 9999 MAKE: Kenworth (85) (KW) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 520, 540, T400, T600,T800, 1947-2010, 60-64,66, C500-550, W900, T300 9999 71-72, 78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE L700 1972-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE K100, K100E, K300 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1954-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1964-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (KENWORTH) 1965-2010, 99 9999 220 2010 MAKE: Mack (86) (MACK) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1968-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1977-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1956-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1972-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1971-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1976-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (MACK) 1965-2010, 99 9999 2010 221 MAKE: Iveco/Magirus* (88) (IVEC) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE LCF 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE FL, FS 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, low entry 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, high entry 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, entry position unknown 71-72,78 898 Other 1980-91,9999 60-64,66, (medium/heavy truck) 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1980-91,9999 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1980-91,9999 50-52,58-59 front 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1980-91,9999 50-52,58-59 front 988 Other (bus) 1980-91,9999 50-52,58-59 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1980-91,9999 65,73 998 Other (vehicle) 1980-91,9999 91-93,97 999 Unknown (IVECO/MAGIRUS) 1980-91,9999 99 * Magirus stopped production in 1985; Iveco stopped production in 1991. 222 2010 MAKE: Peterbilt (87) (PTRB) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 357-379, 387, 385 1974-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 270 1965-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 362, 320 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1961-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1964-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1965-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (PETERBILT) 1965-2010, 99 9999 2010 223 White/Autocar-White/GMC (89) (WHIT) – (WHGM) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1968-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1963-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) 1963-2010, 91-93,97 9999 999 Unknown (WHITE/AUTOCAR-WHITE/GMC) 1963-2010, 99 9999 224 2010 BUSES NOTE: Refer to the PASSENGER CAR section for buses manufactured by Chevy, Dodge, Ford, GMC, Grumman, Isuzu, Mercedes, Mitsubishi and Volvo. Refer to the TRUCK section for buses manufactured by Brockway, Diamond Reo, Freightliner, FWD, International Harvester, Kenworth, Mack, Peterbilt, and White/Autocar-White/GMC. Refer to the OTHER MAKE section for buses manufactured by Neoplan, Carpenter Industries, DINA, Mid Bus, Orion, and Van Hool. Hino and Scania buses are located under OTHER MAKE (Medium/Heavy Trucks) since those manufacturers also make trucks. Bluebird 90 (BLUI) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 461 Van Based van-based school bus, 1927-2010, 21 shuttle bus 9999 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1927-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1927-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1927-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1927-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 999 Unknown (BLUEBIRD) 1927-2010, 99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. Eagle Coach 91 Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1948-2001, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1948-2001, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1948-2001, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1948-2001, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 2010 225 Gillig 92 Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1932-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1932-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1932-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1932-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MCI 93 (MCIN) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1963-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1963-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1963-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1963-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. Thomas Built 94 (THMS) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types LIGHT TRUCKS 461 Van Based van-based school bus, 1936-2010, 21 shuttle bus 9999 BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1936-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, Flat 1936-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1936-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 988 Other (bus) 1936-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 999 Unknown (THOMAS BUILT) 1936-2010, 99 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. 226 2010 OTHER MAKE MAKE: Other Make * (98) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES (Unknown if DOMESTIC or FOREIGN)** 398 Other (automobile) Solectra (electric: Force) 1945-2010, 01-13 9999 ** Do not use Other Make (98) if Other Domestic (29) or Other Import (69) is applicable. LIGHT TRUCKS 498 Other (light truck) Solectra (electric: Citivan 1960-2010, 14-16,19-22, Flash) 9999 28-33,39-42, 45, 48 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc (Includes: ATK, Beta, Buell, 1965-2010, 80-81,88-89 Ducati, Cagiva, Cobra Trike, 9999 702 51-124cc Husqvarna, Jawa, KTM, 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 Maely, Riva, Strociek, 9999 703 125-349cc Aprilia, MV Agusta, Bimota, 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 Husaberg, Indian Scout, 9999 704 350-449cc Indian, Laverda, BMC, Big 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 Dog, Titan, Twin Eagle, Viza 9999 705 450-749cc Viper) 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 706 750cc or greater 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1945-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 731 0-50cc includes all ATVs 1965-2010, 90 designed solely for 9999 732 51-124cc off-road use and have 3 1965-2010, 90 or 4 wheels. Includes: Polaris 9999 733 125-349cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 734 350cc or greater 1965-2010, 90 9999 739 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 802 Auto-Union-DKW 1965-88 9999 60-64,66, 71-72,78 803 Divco 1963-88,9999 60-64,66, 71-72,78 804 Western Star 1965-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 805 Oshkosh (includes trucks & buses) 1965-2010, 50,52-59,60-64, 9999 66,71-72,78 2010 227 MAKE: Other Make * (Cont.) (98) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.) 806 Hino (includes trucks & buses) 1985-2010, 50-52,58,59,60- 9999 64, 66,71-72,78 807 Scania (includes trucks & buses) 1986-2004, 50-52,58,59,60- 9999 64, 66,71-72,78 808 UD 1986-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 809 Sterling 1998-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE DINA 1965-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE DINA 1965-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1965-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine 9999 71-72,78 location 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, entry position 9999 71-72,78 unknown 898 Other (medium/heavy e.g., Marmon, Ward LaFrance 1945-2010, 60-64,66, truck)** 9999 71-72,78 BUSES 902 Neoplan 1950-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 903 Carpenter 1923-2000, 21,50-52,58-59 9999 904 Collins Bus 1967-2010, 21 9999 905 DINA 1989-2004, 50-52,58-59 9999 906 Mid Bus 1963-2010, 21 9999 907 Orion 1978-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 908 Van Hool 1947-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 981 Bus***: Conventional 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine, 1976-2010, 50-52,58-59 Flat front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 228 2010 MAKE: Other Make * (Cont.) (98) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUS (Cont.) 988 Other (bus) **** (see following page) 1945-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck-based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) (e.g., farm vehicle, 1940-2010, 91-93,97 snowmobile, go-cart, golf 9999 carts) 999 Unknown (OTHER MAKE) 1940-2010, 49,79,99 9999 * Occurs when make is not explicitly listed here. ** Do not use Other Make (98) if Other Domestic (29) or Other Import (69) is applicable. *** Use code “981” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. **** Prior to 1999, MCI buses were coded Other Make/Other Bus. Starting in 1999, MCI has its own Make Code 93. 2010 229 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 230 2010 UNKNOWN MAKE MAKE: Unknown Make (99) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types AUTOMOBILES 399 Unknown (automobile) 1945-2010, 01-13 9999 LIGHT TRUCKS 499 Unknown (light truck) 1945-2010, 14-16,19-22, 9999 28-33,35,39-42, 45, 48 MOTORCYCLES 701 0-50cc 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 702 51-124cc 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 703 125-349cc 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 704 350-449cc 1965-10,9999 80-83,88-89 705 450-749cc 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 706 750cc or greater 1965-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 709 Unknown cc 1945-2010, 80-83,88-89 9999 ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES 731 0-50cc includes all ATVs 1965-2010, 90 designed solely for 9999 732 51-124cc off-road use and have 3 1965-2010, 90 or 4 wheels. 9999 733 125-349cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 734 350cc or greater 1965-2010, 90 9999 739 Unknown cc 1965-2010, 90 9999 MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS 881 Medium/Heavy – CBE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, 9999 71-72,78 882 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, low entry 9999 71-72,78 883 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, high entry 9999 71-72,78 884 Medium/Heavy – 1965-2010, 60-64,66, Unknown engine location 9999 71-72,78 890 Medium/Heavy – COE 1965-2010, 60-64,66, entry position unknown 9999 71-72,78 898 Other (medium/heavy 1965-2010, 60-64,66, truck) 9999 71-72,78 2010 231 MAKE: Unknown Make (Cont.) (99) Model Codes Includes Model Years Body Types BUSES 981 Bus**: Conventional 1965-2010, 50-52,58-59 (Engine out front) 9999 982 Bus: Front engine. Flat 1976-2010, 50-52,58-59 front 9999 983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat 1965-10,9999 50-52,58-59 front 988 Other (bus) 1945-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 989 Unknown (bus) 1945-2010, 50-52,58-59 9999 ** Use code “981”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown. MOTOR HOME 850 Motor Home Truck based 1965-2010, 65,73 9999 998 Other (vehicle) (e.g., farm vehicle, 1943-2010, 91-93,97 snowmobile, go-cart) 9999 999 Unknown (as to 1945-2010, 49,79,99 automobile, motored 9999 cycle, light truck or truck) 232 2010 V11 BODY TYPE GES: V05 FARS:V11 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Body Type (395-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle body type? SAS Name: Vehicle.Body_Typ Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.BodyTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Automobiles: 1 01 01 Convertible (excludes sun-roof, t-bar) 2 02 02 2-Door Sedan, Hardtop, Coupe 3 03 03 3-Door/2-Door Hatchback 4 04 04 4-Door Sedan, Hardtop 5 05 05 5-Door/4-Door Hatchback 6 06 06 Station Wagon (excluding van and truck based) 7 07 07 Hatchback, Number of Doors Unknown 17 17 17 3-Door Coupe 8 08 08 Sedan/Hardtop, number of doors unknown 9 09 09 Other or Unknown automobile type Automobile Derivatives: 10 10 10 Auto-Based Pickup (includes Chevrolet - El Camino, GMC -Caballero, Ford - Ranchero, Chevrolet – SSR; Pontiac – G8-ST; Subaru-Baha, Brat, and Volkswagen - Rabbit Pickup) 11 11 11 Auto-Based Panel (Cargo Station Wagon, auto- based Ambulance/Hearse) 12 12 12 Large Limousine (More than four side doors or stretched chassis) 13 13 13 Three-Wheel Automobile or Automobile Derivative Utility Vehicles: 14 14 14 Compact Utility (ANSI D16.1 Utility Vehicle Categories “Small” and “Midsize”): 2010 233 V11 • Small: Chevy-Tracker; GMC- Jimmy/Typhoon; Isuzu - Trooper II; Oldsmobile - Bravada (1991-94); Suzuki - Samurai, Sidekick. • Midsize: Acura - SLX, RDX; AMC – Hummer H3; Audi - Q5, Q7; BMW - X3, X5; Buick - Rendezvous, Rainier; Cadillac - BRX; Chevrolet - S10-Blazer/TrailBlazer, Tracker (1999 on), TrailBlazer (2003 on), Equinox; Diahatsu -Rocky; Chrysler - Aspen, Dodge - Durango, Nitro, Raider; Ford - Bronco II (1984 on), Escape, Explorer, Explorer Sport; GMC - Jimmy (1995 on), Envoy, Terrain; Honda - CRV, Passport, Element; Hummer - H3; Hyundai - Santa Fe, Tuscon, Veracruz (2007 only); Infiniti - QX4; Isuzu - Amigo, Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo Sport, Vehicross, Trooper, Hombre; Jeep - Cherokee (1984 on), Commander, Grand Cherokee, Liberty, Patriot, Wagoneer, Wrangler; Lincoln - Aviator; Kia - Sportage, Sorrento; Land Rover - Defender, Discovery, Freelander; Lexus - RX300, RX330, GX470; Mahinda - Scorpio; Mazda - Navajo, Tribute; Mercedes - M, ML, G, GLK; Mercury - Mariner, Mountaineer; Mitsubishi - Montero, Montero Sport, Endeavor; Nissan - Pathfinder, Xterra; Oldsmobile - Bravada (1996 on);Pontiac - Aztek, Torrent; Saab -9-7x; Saturn – Vue; Subaru - B9 Tribeca, Forester; Suzuki - Vitara, Vitara V6, Grand Vitara, X90, XL7; Toyota - 4- Runner, FJ Cruiser, Highlander, RAV4; Volkswagen - Tiguan; Volvo - XC90. 15 15 15 Large utility (ANSI D16.1 Utility Vehicle Categories and “Full Size” and “Large”) • Full Size: Acura - MDX; Cadillac - Escalade; Chevrolet Full-size Blazer, Tahoe; Ford - Full- size Bronco (78 and after), Excursion, Expedition; Honda - Pilot; Hyundai – Veracruz (2008 on); GMC - Jimmy (1991 on), Yukon (Denali/XL); Infiniti - QX56; Isuzu - Ascender; Jeep - Cherokee (83 and before); Kia - Mesa, Borrego; Land Rover - LR2, LR3, Range Rover; Mercedes Benz - GL; Nissan - Armada; Porsche - Cayenne; Lexus - LX450/470; Lincoln - Navigator; Toyota - Land 234 2010 V11 Cruiser, Sequoia; Volkswagen - Touareg. • Large: Avanti - Studebaker XUV; AMC - Hummer (H1, H2) 16 16 16 Utility station wagon (includes suburban limousines), Cadillac – Escalade ESV; Chevrolet – Suburban (Yukon XL (2000 on), Travellall, Jeep – Grand Wagoneer) 19 19 19 Utility Vehicle, Unknown Body Type Van-Based Light Trucks (GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.): 20 20 20 Minivan (Buick-Terraza; Chevrolet-Astro, Lumina, Uplander, Venture; Chrysler-Town and Country, Voyager; Dodge-Caravan, Grand Caravan; Ford- Aerostar, Windstar, Freestar, Transit Connect; GMC- Safari, Savana; Honda-Odyssey; Hyundai- Entourage; Isuzu-Oasis; Kia-Sedona; Mazda-MPV; Mercury-Monterey, Villager; Mistubishi-Minivan; Nissan-Altra EV, Axxess, Quest, Van; Oldsmobile- Silhouette; Plymouth-Voyager, Grand Voyager, Vista; Pontiac-Transport, Montana; Saturn-Relay; Toyota- Previa, Sienna; Volkswagon-Camper, Eurovan, Routan, Vanagon. 21 21 21 Large Van-Includes van-based buses (B150-B350, Sportsman, Royal Maxiwagon, Ram, Tradesman, Voyager [83 and before], E150-E450, Econoline, Clubwagon, Chateau, G10-G30, Chevy Van, Beauville, Sport Van, G15-G35, Rally Van, Vandura, Freightliner - Sprinter/Advantage, Mercedes Benz - Sprinter, Dodge - Sprinter) 22 22 22 Step-van or walk-in van (<= 10,000 lbs. GVWR) 28 28 28 Other van type (Hi-Cube Van, Kary) 29 29 29 Unknown van type Light Conventional Truck (Pick-up style cab, GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.): 30 30 30 Compact pickup (GVWR < 4,500 lbs.) (Chevrolet - Colorado, Courier, S-10, T-10, LUV; Dodge - D50, Colt P/U, Ram 50, Dakota; Plymouth - Arrow Pickup [foreign]; Ford - Courier, Ranger, Explorer Sport Trac; GMC – Canyon, Dakota, S-15, T-15, Sonoma, Honda - Ridgeline; Isuzu - Hombre, i-280, i-350; Mazda - Pickup, B-Series; Mitsubishi - Pickup; Nissan/Datsun - Pickup, Frontier; Toyota - Pickup, Tacoma) 31 31 31 Standard pickup (GVWR 4,500 to 10,000 lbs.) (AM General - Hummer Pickup; Avanti - Studebaker XUT; Cadillac - Escalade EXT; Chevrolet - Avalanche, 2010 235 V11 Silverado, C-K 1500, C-K 2500, C-K 3500, S/T, Sierra, R100-R500; Dodge - Ram Pick up, Dakota, D100-D350, W100-W350, Ford – F100-F350; GMC - C10-C35, K10-K35, R10-R35, V10-V35; Jeep - Pickup, Comanche; Lincoln - Blackwood , Mark LT; Mitsubishi - Raider; Nissan - Titan; Suzuki - Equator; Toyota - Tundra, T-100.) 32 32 32 Pickup with slide-in camper 33 33 33 Convertible pickup 39 39 39 Unknown (pickup style) light conventional truck type Other Light Convention Trucks (GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.): 40 40 40 Cab Chassis Based (includes Rescue Vehicle, Light Stake, Dump, and Tow Truck) 41 41 41 Truck Based Panel 45 45 45 Other light conventional truck type 48 48 48 Unknown light truck type (not a pickup) 49 49 49 Unknown light vehicle type (automobile, utility vehicle, van, or light truck) Buses (excludes van-based): 50 50 50 School Bus 51 51 51 Cross Country/Intercity Bus (Motor Coach) 52 52 52 Transit Bus (City Bus) 58 58 58 Other Bus Type 59 59 59 Unknown Bus Type Medium/Heavy Vehicle (GVWR > 10,000 lbs.): 60 60 60 Step Van (>10,000 lbs. GVWR) 61 61 61 Single-unit straight truck (10,000 lbs. < GVWR < or = 19,500 lbs.) 62 62 62 Single-unit straight truck (19,500 lbs. < GVWR < or = 26,000 lbs.) 63 63 63 Single-unit straight truck (GVWR > 26,000 lbs.) 68 68 64 Single-unit straight truck (GVWR unknown) 66 66 66 Truck-tractor (Cab only, or with any number of trailing units; any weight) 67 67 67 Medium/heavy Pickup (Ford Super Duty 450/550) 71 71 71 Unknown if single-unit or combination unit Medium Truck (10,000 lbs. < GVWR < 26,000 lbs.) 72 72 72 Unknown if single-unit or combination unit Heavy Truck (GVWR > 26,000 lbs.) 78 78 78 Unknown medium/heavy truck type 79 79 79 Unknown truck type (light/medium/heavy) 236 2010 V11 Motor Homes – (Do NOT code commercial vehicle elements for motor homes, unless hazardous cargo is present): 42 42 42 Light Truck Based Motorhome (Chassis Mounted) 65 65 65 Medium/heavy truck based motor home 73 73 73 Camper or motor home, unknown truck type Motorcycles, Mopeds, All-Terrain Vehicles; All-Terrain Cycles: 80 80 80 Motorcycle 81 81 81 Moped (motorized bicycle) 82 82 82 Three-wheel Motorcycle or Moped – not All-Terrain Vehicle 83 83 83 Off-road Motorcycle (2-wheel) 88 88 88 Other motored cycle type (mini-bikes, motor scooters, pocket motorcycles “pocket bikes”) 89 89 89 Unknown motored cycle type 90 90 90 ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle; includes 3 or 4 wheels) Other Vehicles: 91 91 91 Snowmobile 92 92 92 Farm equipment other than trucks 93 93 93 Construction equipment other than trucks (includes graders) 97 97 97 Other vehicle type (includes go-cart, fork-lift, city street sweeper, dune/swamp buggy, golf cart) 98 98 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 Unknown body type Remarks: AUTOMOBILES These attributes are used to classify different types of passenger cars. These type of light vehicles, referred to as automobiles, are designed primarily to transport eight or fewer persons. Convertible (excludes sun-roof and t-bar) refers to a passenger car equipped with a removable or retractable roof. To qualify for this code, the entire roof must open. Convertible roofs are generally fabric; however, removable hardtops are also included. This attribute takes priority over 2-door or 4-door codes. 2-door sedan, hardtop, coupe refers to a passenger car equipped with two doors for ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept. 3-door/2-door hatchback refers to a passenger car equipped with two doors for ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the backlight). The cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment area. 2010 237 V11 3-door coupe refers to a passenger car equipped with three doors for ingress/egress in which 2 of the doors are located on the driver's side and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept. 4-door sedan, hardtop refers to a passenger car equipped with four doors for ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept. 5-door/4-door hatchback refers to a passenger car equipped with four doors for ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the backlight). The cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment area. Station wagon (excluding van and truck based) refers to a passenger car with an enlarged cargo area. The entire roof covering the cargo area is generally equal in height from front to rear and full height side glass is installed between the C and D-pillars. The rearmost area is not permanently partitioned from the forward passenger compartment area (e.g., “horizontal window shades” to hide cargo do not constitute partitions). Hatchback, number of doors unknown refers to a passenger car with an unknown number of doors for ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the backlight). The cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment area. Sedan/Hardtop, number of doors unknown refers to a passenger car equipped with an unknown number of doors for ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept. Other or Unknown automobile type is used for any passenger car that cannot be described by the other automobile codes OR when it is known that the vehicle is a passenger car, but there is insufficient data to determine the type. Do not use this attribute if the Police Accident Report (PAR) alone or in combination with other information gives sufficient detail to identify a more specific attribute. • Example #1: If the possible choices are codes “01,” “02”, or “09” but there is enough detail to identify that it is a 2-door and that it is NOT a convertible, then use attribute 2- door sedan, hardtop, coupe. • Example #2: If there is information that it is a 4-door and the PAR eliminates the possibility of a hatchback or station wagon, then use 4-door sedan, hardtop. AUTOMOBILE DERIVATIVES This describes certain passenger cars that have been modified to perform cargo-related tasks. 238 2010 V11 Auto based pickup refers to a passenger car based, pickup type vehicle. The roof area (and side glass) rearward of the front seats on a station wagon have been removed and converted into a pickup-type cargo box. Auto based panel (cargo station wagon, auto based ambulance/hearse) refers to an automotive station wagon that may have sheet metal rearward of the B-pillar rather than glass. Large Limousine - more than four side doors or stretched chassis refers to an automobile that has sections added within its wheelbase to increase length and passenger/cargo carrying capacity. Three-wheel automobile or automobile derivative refers to three-wheel vehicles with an enclosed passenger compartment. UTILITY VEHICLES (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) Utility Vehicles are designed for carrying persons, and generally considered a multi-purpose vehicle that is designed to have off-road capabilities. These vehicles are: generally four-wheel drive (4 x 4), have increased ground clearance, and are equipped with a strong frame. Four wheel drive automobiles are not considered utility vehicles. Compact Utility refers to a short wheelbase and narrow tracked multi-purpose vehicle designed to operate in rugged terrain. Large Utility refers to fullsize multi-purpose vehicles primarily designed around a shortened pickup truck chassis. Generally a station wagon style body, some model are equipped with a removable top. Utility Station Wagon refers primarily to a pickup truck based chassis enlarged to a station wagon. Utility Vehicle, Unknown Body Type is used when it is known that the vehicle is a utility vehicle, but there is insufficient data to determine the specific type. VAN-BASED LIGHT TRUCKS (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) Van-Based Light Trucks (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) are designed to maximize cargo/passenger area versus overall length. Basically a “box on wheels”, these vehicles are identifiable by their enclosed cargo/passenger area and relatively short (or non-existent) hood. Minivan refers to down-sized cargo or passenger unibody vans. Large Van refers to a standard cargo or passenger van and includes van-based buses. These vans will generally have a larger capacity in both volume and GVWR. 2010 239 V11 Step Van or Walk-In Van (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) refers to a multi-stop delivery vehicle with a GVWR less than or equal to 10,000 lbs. Examples are the Grumman LLV used by the US Postal Service or the Aeromate manufactured by Utilimaster Motor Corporation. Other Van Type refers to a cargo or delivery van where the chassis and cab portions from the B-pillar forward of this vehicle are the same as in Minivans or Large Vans with a frame mounted cargo area unit added behind the driver/cab area or if the van cannot be described as a Minivan, Large Van, Step-van or a Van-based motorhome. Annotate the van type when using this code. This code takes priority over Minivans and Large Vans. Unknown Van Type is used when it is known that this vehicle is a light van, but its specific type cannot be determined. LIGHT CONVENTIONAL TRUCKS (Pickup Style Cab, < = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) Light Conventional Trucks are used to describe vehicles commonly referred to as pickup trucks and some of their derivatives. These light trucks are characteristically designed with a small cab containing a single row of seats (extended cabs with additional seats are available for some models), a large hood covering a conventional engine placement, and a separate open box area (approximately 180 to 240 centimeters long) for cargo. Compact Pickup is used to describe a pickup truck having a width of 178 centimeters or less. Standard Pickup is used to describe a pickup truck having a width of greater than 178 centimeters. Pickup with Slide-in Camper is used to describe any pickup truck that is equipped with a slide-in camper. A slide-in camper is a unit that mounts within a pickup bed. Pickup bed caps, tonneau covers or frame mounted campers are not applicable for this code. Convertible Pickup refers to a pickup truck equipped with a removable or retractable roof. To qualify for this code, the entire roof must open. Convertible roofs are generally fabric; however, removable hardtops are also included. This code takes priority over compact and large pickups. Unknown (Pickup Style) Light Conventional Truck Type is used when this vehicle is a Light Conventional Truck, but there is insufficient data to determine the specific code. OTHER LIGHT TRUCKS (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) Other Light Trucks are used to describe vehicles that are based upon a conventional light pickup frame, but a commercial or recreational body has been affixed to the frame rather than a pickup box. 240 2010 V11 Cab Chassis Based (includes rescue vehicles, light stake, dump and tow truck) is used to describe a light vehicle with a pickup style cab and a commercial (non-pickup) body attached to the frame. Included are pickup based ambulances and tow trucks. Truck Based Panel is used to describe a truck based station wagon that has sheet metal rather than glass above the beltline rearward of the B-pillars. Other Light Conventional Truck Type is used for light conventional trucks that cannot be described elsewhere. Unknown Light Truck Type (not a pickup) is used when it is known that the vehicle is a light truck chassis based vehicle and not a pickup, but insufficient data exist to specify utility, van, or other light vehicle. Unknown Light Vehicle Type (automobile, utility, van or light truck) is used when it is known that the vehicle is a light vehicle, but insufficient data exists to specify what type of light vehicle it is. BUSES (Excludes Van-Based) Buses are defined as any motor vehicle designed primarily to transport large groups of passengers (nine or more persons, including the driver). School Bus (designed to carry students, not cross country or transit) is a bus designed to carry passengers to and from educational facilities and/or related functions. The vehicles are characteristically painted yellow and clearly identified as school buses. Use this code regardless of whether the vehicle is owned by a school system or a private company. School buses converted for other uses (e.g., church bus) also take this code. Cross Country/Intercity Bus (Motor Coach) describes a bus body type designed to travel long distances between cities (e.g. Greyhound). Transit Bus (City Bus) describes a bus body type designed for public transportation typically within a city. Other Bus Type is a vehicle designed/converted to carry nine or more persons, including the driver, not described by the attributes school bus, cross country/intercity bus, transit bus, or van-based bus. Examples include a specialized tour bus or bus based motor home. Unknown Bus Type is used when it is known the transport device is a bus but there is insufficient data to choose between the bus attributes. MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS ( > 10,000 lbs. GVWR) Medium/Heavy Trucks describe a single unit truck specifically designed for carrying cargo on the same chassis as the cab. They pertain to a truck-tractor designed for towing trailers or 2010 241 V11 semi-trailers. Although towing is their primary purpose, some truck-tractors are equipped with cargo areas located rearward of the cab. Step Van (>10,000 lbs. GVWR) defines a single unit enclosed body with a GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs. and an integral driver's compartment and cargo area. Step vans are generally equipped with a folding driver seat mounted on a pedestal and a sliding door for easy ingress/egress. Single-Unit Straight Truck describes a non-articulated truck designed to carry cargo. The attribute selected is based on the applicable GVWR range for the vehicle. Single-Unit Straight Truck (GVWR unknown) describes a medium/heavy non-articulated truck designed to carry cargo. It is known not to be a step van, van, or pickup truck, but its GVWR is unknown. Truck-Tractor (Cab only or with any number of trailing units) describes a fifth wheel equipped tractor-trailer power unit. The number of trailing units is not a consideration. Medium/Heavy Pick-up is a single-unit straight truck with a pickup body style with a GVWR > 10, 000 lbs. Examples include the Ford Super Duty 350, 450, or 550. Unknown Medium/Heavy Truck Type is used when it is unknown whether the medium/heavy truck is a single unit truck or a truck-tractor and/or trailer combination and it is known that the vehicle is either a medium or heavy truck with GVWR >10,000 lbs.. Unknown Truck Type (light/medium/heavy) is used when it is known that this vehicle is a truck, but there is insufficient data to classify the vehicle further. MOTOR HOMES Motor Homes are recreational vehicles mounted on an incomplete vehicle chassis that is suitable to live in and drive across the country. (Do NOT code commercial vehicle elements for motor homes, unless hazardous cargo is present.) Light Truck Based Motor Home (chassis mounted) is used to describe a frame mounted recreational unit attached to a light van or conventional chassis. Medium/Heavy Truck Based Motor Home describes a recreational vehicle mounted on a single unit medium/heavy truck chassis. Camper or Motor Home, unknown truck type is used when it is known the vehicle is a camper or motor home, but the truck type is unknown. 242 2010 V11 MOTORCYCLES, MOPEDS, ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES, ALL-TERRAIN CYCLES Motorcycle is used when a motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of its operator is a two-wheeled open (e.g., no enclosed body) vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine. Motorcycles equipped with a side car also use this code. Moped (motorized bicycle) is used when the vehicle is a speed-limited motor-driven cycle capable of moving either by pedaling or by an internal combustion engine. Three-Wheeled Motorcycle or Moped is used when the vehicle is a three-wheeled open vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine or a three-wheeled motorized bicycle capable of moving either by pedaling or by an internal combustion engine. Off-road Motorcycle (2-wheel) is used when the vehicle is a two-wheeled open vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine designed or built for off road use only. Other Motored Cycle (mini-bike, motor scooter, pocket motorcycles “pocket bikes”) is used when the vehicle in question does not qualify for attributes motorcycle, moped, three-wheeled motorcycle or moped (e.g., motor scooter). Unknown Motored Cycle Type is used when it is known that the vehicle is a motored cycle, but no further data is available. ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle)/3-Wheel ATC (All-Terrain Cycle) is used for off-road recreational vehicles which cannot be licensed for use on public roadways. ATVs have 3 or 4 or more wheels. OTHER VEHICLES Other Vehicles describes all motored vehicles that are designed primarily for off-road use. Snowmobile refers to a vehicle designed to be operated over snow propelled by an internal combustion engine. Farm Equipment Other Than Trucks refers to farming implements other than trucks propelled by an internal combustion engine (e.g., farm tractors, combines, etc.). Construction Equipment Other Than Trucks refers to construction equipment other than trucks propelled by an internal combustion engine (e.g., bulldozer, road grader, etc.). Other Vehicle Type is used when the motorized vehicle in question does not qualify for Construction equipment other than trucks, Farm equipment other than trucks, or Snowmobile (e.g., fork-lift, city street sweeper, dune/swamp buggy, golf cart, go-kart, “kit” car, etc.). Unknown Body Type is used when the available information regarding the type of vehicle is reported as Unknown. 2010 243 V11 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: SEE REMARKS UNDER VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER – FARS – V13 244 2010 V12 VEHICLE MODEL YEAR GES: V06 FARS:V12 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Year (400-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle model year? SAS Name: Vehicle.Model_Yr Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.ModelYear ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Actual Four Digit Model Year 7777 7777 9998 Not Reported * 9999 9999 9999 Unknown Remarks: Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Code all four digits of the model year for which the vehicle was manufactured. A vehicle manufactured as a 1985 model is to be coded as “1985.” SEE REMARKS UNDER VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER – FARS – V13 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Enter the 4 digit model year. 2010 245 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 246 2010 V13 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER GES: V07 FARS: V13 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 17 alphanumeric Screen Name: VIN (365-E) Long Name: What is the vehicle identification number? SAS Name: Vehicle.VIN Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.VIN ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 00000000000000000 No VIN Required Any Alphanumeric Characters – Actual VIN number 88888888888888888 Not Reported 99999999999999999 Unknown Remarks: Vehicles manufactured after September 1980 conform to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 115. This standard requires that each VIN have 17 characters, not contain the letter “I”, “O” or “Q”, and pass a mathematical test (check digit). Vehicles older than 1980 may have VINs that are shorter. Code the complete VIN. The VIN is always left-justified. If the VIN is less than 17-characters long (pre-1981 VIN), leave the remaining characters blank. Do not zero-fill. Enter Unknown when the entire VIN is unknown or missing. Trailer VINs are not coded. If the VIN for the power unit is not available, code Unknown. Enter all zero’s or No VIN Required if the vehicle is not required to have a VIN as per FMVSS 115 or the vehicle does not require registration (farm tractors, go-carts, etc.). NOTE: For any multi-stage manufactured vehicle (e.g., school bus, motor home, limousine, tow truck, etc.), enter the VIN for the vehicle’s power unit/chassis. Do not code the secondary manufacturer’s serial number, which is not considered a VIN under FMVSS 115. 2010 247 V13 If the vehicle is manufactured by the Ford Motor Company and the VIN begins or ends with a script “f”, the script “f” is not entered. Proceed to the next character, as in the example below. VIN: f 3 U 6 2 S 1 0 0 9 3 2 f ENTER: 3 U 6 2 S 1 0 0 9 3 2 In addition, if any hyphens or periods are contained in the string of alphanumeric characters, ignore them as in the example below. VIN: S M - E . 3 0 7 6 4 2 1 ENTER: S M E 3 0 7 6 4 2 1 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the entire VIN is reported as Unknown or this is a hit-and-run vehicle, with no information available. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If the state will not allow transmittal of a complete standard VIN, code the right-most four characters as numeric zeroes. The vehicle registration file must be used to verify the VIN. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Leave “Blank” any column which does not have a VIN character. If part of the VIN is missing or not decipherable, leave the column any such character would ordinarily occupy “Blank.” In the special case where the first 11 columns of the VIN are blank, but part or all of columns 12 through 17 contain information, code Unknown instead of the partial information contained in the columns 12 through 17 of the VIN. If the information from PC VINA or VINASSIST and the PAR are inconsistent, use the following guidelines: • Make and model on the PAR takes precedence over the make and model indicated by the VIN. • Model year - Use model year as indicated by VIN if the VIN Make and Model matches the make and model shown on the PAR. 248 2010 V13 • Body type - Use body type indicated by the VIN if the VIN Make and Model matches the make and model shown on the PAR. If the information about make and model on the PAR is inconsistent, model takes precedence over the make. 2010 249 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 250 2010 Remarks (V9-V13): VEHICLE MAKE, VEHICLE MODEL, BODY TYPE, MODEL YEAR as shown on crash reports must be verified with registration data. In the case of inconsistencies, registration data takes precedence over crash report data. Note that vehicle information should be gathered only from state records. Do not use any other sources to determine any of these elements, that is; you should not use sources such as the NATB Passenger Vehicle Identification Manual. VEHICLE MAKE attributes are organized into general groups. These groups are: 01-28 Domestic Passenger Car 29 Other Domestic Passenger Car 30-64 Import Passenger Car 69 Other Import Passenger Car 70-76 Motored Cycle/Moped 80-89 Truck/Bus 90-94 Bus 97 Not Reported 98 Other Make (where MAKE “29” or “69” are not applicable) 99 Unknown Make VEHICLE MODEL refers to the series of vehicles for a make, e.g., Pintos, Galaxies, Mustangs are Models of Ford. It does not refer to the various styles within a model unless they are listed in the codes for VEHICLE MODEL. VEHICLE MODEL attributes are organized into general groups. These groups are: 001-399 Passenger Car (automobile) 400-499 Light Trucks (including truck based utility vehicles, light duty pickup trucks, standard pickup trucks, vans, mini vans, van-based station wagons, van-based buses, van derivatives, and truck-based station wagons). 700-739 Motored Cycles (including motorcycles, mini-bikes, motor scooters, dirt bikes, and mopeds). 850 Motor Home (truck based) 880-897 Trucks (including all trucks over 10,000 lbs. GVWR except those pick-up type trucks mentioned under BODY TYPE code “30-31” (Pickup)). 898 Other, Unknown, truck over 10,000 lbs. GVWR. 980-996 All buses except those that are van-based. 988 Other bus over 10,000 lbs. GVWR. 997 Not Reported 998 Other Vehicle 999 Unknown Vehicle Note that for both VEHICLE MAKE and VEHICLE MODEL the use of the terms “other” and “unknown” have very specific meanings. “Other” refers to a VEHICLE MAKE or VEHICLE MODEL that is known but is not explicitly listed. “Unknown” refers to the situation where no 2010 251 specific named VEHICLE MAKE or VEHICLE MODEL is known. Selection of the proper “other” or “unknown” code can only be made with consideration of the vehicle BODY TYPE in accordance with the applicable BODY TYPE for given combinations of “other” and/or “unknown” VEHICLE MAKE and VEHICLE MODEL. 4WD, FWD, or Four-Wheel Drive does not automatically imply on/off road vehicle (Utility Vehicles), body types “14” and “15.” Reconstructed/Altered Vehicles: In cases where someone builds a “home made” vehicle from drastically mixed parts, there may be no clear MAKE or MODEL. In addition, the state may issue an Identification Number in place of the Standard VIN. In such cases, code the VIN as all “0’s”; code MAKE, MODEL, and MODEL YEAR as “9’s.” Code BODY TYPE as appropriate. Be sure to use RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL code Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle. In reconstructed/altered vehicles where the modifications are less drastic and you can determine the MAKE, MODEL and VIN, code these elements appropriately and be sure to use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 252 2010 V14 VEHICLE TRAILING GES: V13 FARS:V14 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Trailing Unit (460-E) Long Name: Was this vehicle towing trailing units? SAS Name: Vehicle.Trailer Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Trailing ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 11 0 0 No Trailing Units 2 12 1 1 One Trailing Unit 3 13 2 2 Two Trailing Units 4 14 3 3 Three or more Trailing Units 5 15 4 4 Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown 7 16 7 5 Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage 8 17 8 6 Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage 9 19 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Trailing unit applies to any device connected to a motor vehicle by a hitch, including tractor- trailer combinations, a single-unit truck pulling a trailer (truck trailer), a boat trailer hitched onto a motor vehicle, etc. If the case materials do not provide sufficient information if the linkage was fixed or not, consider the linkage as fixed. A vehicle towing another motor vehicle is not considered to be a trailer but is considered to be a towed vehicle (see attributes Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage or Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage). A converter dolly is a device used to hitch a trailer to another semi-trailer or straight truck and is not counted as a separate trailing unit. For combination vehicles (medium/heavy trucks), count only the cargo-carrying units. 2010 253 V14 No Trailing Units is used when this vehicle was not pulling or towing a wheeled unit. One Trailing Unit is used when on trailer was being pulled by this vehicle. Two Trailing Units is used when this vehicle was pulling two trailers. Three or More Trailing Units is used when this vehicle was pulling three or more trailers. Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown is used when it is known that there was a trailer(s) but the number of trailers cannot be determined. Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage is used to identify that a vehicle was towing another motor vehicle(s) connected by a fixed linkage. The towed vehicle will have two or more wheels on the ground. This will most commonly apply to drive-away/tow-away tow trucks. These are vehicles equipped with a mechanism designed to be attached to a towed vehicle (e.g., hoist). This attribute would also be used for saddle-mounted towed vehicles. An example of a saddle-mount unit would be a bobtail towing one or more other bobtails. This attribute does not apply to vehicles towed by being loaded on a flatbed or auto transporter. Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage is used to identify that a vehicle was towing another motor vehicle(s) connected by a non-fixed linkage. A non-fixed linkage includes ropes, chains or cables. Unknown is used when it cannot be determined from any information if a unit was being pulled or towed. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For vehicles being towed by an illegal hitch (rope, chain, cable), use the attribute Towing or Pushing Improperly for the data element Related Factors-Driver Level. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The intent of this data element is to determine if the vehicle was pulling a trailing unit. If the linkage is fixed, then the trailing unit is considered a towed unit. If the linkage is not fixed (e.g., one vehicle is pulling another using a rope), then each vehicle is considered to be separate. 254 2010 V15 JACKKNIFE GES: V14 FARS:V15 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Jackknife (470-R) Long Name: Did a jackknife situation occur? SAS Name: Vehicle.Jacknife Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Jacknife ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 Not an Articulated Vehicle 1 No 2 Yes - First Event 3 Yes - Subsequent Event 1 0 0 No Jackknife Noted on the PAR 2 1 1 Jackknife Occurred Remarks: Jackknife can occur at any time during the crash sequence. This element is applicable for all power unit/trailing unit combinations (e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, light utility vehicle/trailing unit combination, etc.). Jackknife applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, any vehicle with a trailing unit connected by a hitch (fixed linkage) while in motion. A jackknife occurs when there is an uncontrolled articulation between the power unit and the trailing unit in which the trailing unit does not follow directly behind the power unit (tracking), and the driver did not initiate the non- tracking situation. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the trailing units’ normal straight-line path behind the power unit is not maintained. If the final resting configuration of the vehicle in the PAR diagram is in a jackknife position, it does not necessarily mean that the vehicle has jackknifed. Turning and backing are examples of driver initiated non-tracking controlled articulation and are not coded as a jackknife. 2010 255 V15 In the case materials, the terms “tractor jackknife” or “trailer swing” may be used to describe particular incidences of uncontrolled articulation. Either incident shall be coded as Jackknife. Jackknife is not likely to be a harmful event but may be part of an unstabilized condition just before the first harmful event. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Not an Articulated Vehicle is used when this vehicle is not a vehicle-trailing unit combination. No is used when no uncontrolled articulation was reported between a vehicle and a trailing unit. Yes, First Event is used when an uncontrolled articulation was reported as occurring before or as part of the first injury or damage producing event for this vehicle. Yes, Subsequent Event is used when an uncontrolled articulation occurs after the first injury or damage producing event for this vehicle. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: No Jackknife Noted on the PAR is used when no uncontrolled articulation was reported between a vehicle and trailing unit. In addition, use this code when it is unknown if an uncontrolled articulation occurred. Jackknife Occurred is used when an uncontrolled articulation between a vehicle and trailing unit occurred during the crash. The uncontrolled articulation (Jackknife) can occur at any time during the crash sequence. 256 2010 V16 MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER GES: V31 (Carrier’s Identification FARS:V16 Number) Format: 1 set 2 numeric, 1 set 9 alpha/numeric Screen Heading: NGA Crash Data Screen Name: Carrier ID (620-E) Long Name: What is the carrier’s identification number for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.CarIDNum Oracle Name: GES.NGA_Type.CarrierNumber (Character) ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Issuing Authority: 00 Not Applicable 01-56 FARS State Code 57 US DOT 58 MC/MX (ICC) 95 Canada 96 Mexico 88 None 77 Not Reported 99 Unknown Identification Number: Actual Number 000000 000000, 000000000 0s Not Applicable Blank 8s None 999999997 999999997 999999997 7s Not Reported 999999999 999999999 9s Unknown 2010 257 V16 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This information should be available on your Police Accident Report (PAR) or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles. The Motor Carrier Identification Number is recorded on the Truck Supplement or PAR next to the appropriate Source (Issuing Authority.) If your state uses separate Truck Supplements, you should seek help to get routine access to them, just as with your state’s PAR. Your state’s SAFETYNET representative may be able to provide a Motor Carrier Identification Number. You should expect to find motor carrier identification numbers for the following commercial vehicles: 1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater than 10,000 lbs. 2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs. 3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver). 4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard. Identification Number should be left justified. If less than 9 characters, left-justify and do not zero-fill. Examples of Left-Justified Coding of Identification Number Federal regulations require that almost all commercial trucks/buses operating across state lines that meet the above criteria (i.e., interstate) have Identification Numbers except those hauling “exempt” commodities (such as unprocessed agricultural products). This will be a US DOT or MC/MX (ICC) Number. 258 2010 V16 Many carriers will have a US DOT or MC/MX (ICC) Number plus a State Number. US DOT NUMBERS: US DOT is used in “Issuing Authority” if a US DOT Number or a State Number and US DOT Number are recorded on the PAR or Supplement. Enter the US DOT Number in “Identification Number.” • US DOT Numbers are in the process of being assigned to Intrastate motor carriers in a number of states. These should include the issuing state’s two-character abbreviation on the end; e.g., US DOT 123456XX (where “XX” is the State abbreviation). See example of proper coding in diagram above. MC/MX (ICC) NUMBERS: MC/MX (ICC) is used in “Issuing Authority” if an MC/MX (ICC) Number or a State Number and an MC/MX (ICC) Number are recorded on the PAR or Supplement. Enter the MC/MX (ICC) Number in “Identification Number.” STATE NUMBERS: If only a State Number is recorded on the PAR or Supplement, then code the appropriate FARS State Code in “Issuing Authority” and enter the State Number in “Identification Number.” State Numbers are issued by a public utility commission, a public service commission, or some other state agency, to vehicles that operate either in interstate commerce or only within that state. However, some states do not regulate the motor carrier industry. Trucks and buses that operate strictly within such states (i.e., intrastate) may not have numbers. CANADIAN/MEXICAN NUMBERS: Use Code “95” or “96” in “Issuing Authority” if a Canadian or Mexican authority (respectively) has issued the only Carrier Identification Number recorded on the PAR or Supplement. HIERARCHY: When Identification Numbers are available from more than one Source (Issuing Authority), it is most important to code the US DOT number then the MC/MX (ICC) number if one is available. It is next most important to code the Mexican or Canadian issued number. Finally, State-issued numbers should be coded. Not Applicable would apply when you would never expect this style of vehicle to have a Motor Carrier ID number (cars, motor homes, etc.). This vehicle would not appear on a truck supplement (supplemental truck elements on the PAR would be coded N/A). None should be used when: • you could expect this type of vehicle to have an ID Number, but it is exempt because of its use or activity at the time of the crash; • this type of vehicle often does have a number (but vehicle is operated strictly intrastate and activity not regulated); or • the PAR/supplement states “No Number.” Note: In some states, school buses are exempt from requiring a Motor Carrier ID Number 2010 259 V16 Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported the motor carrier identification number as unknown or you don’t know if the truck is a light, medium or heavy truck. Example: • An unidentified hit-and-run vehicle. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Note: For this element, Not Reported is used when you could expect this type of vehicle to have a Motor Carrier ID Number, but: • the PAR or truck supplement leaves the field blank; or • you don’t have a supplement or a field on the PAR (no further information given). GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The Carrier’s ID is the unique number assigned to certain types of medium/heavy trucks and buses by the United States Department of Transportation. The number is assigned only to motor vehicles of interstate for-hire or private carriers in the transportation business. Not Applicable is used when the vehicle is not a medium/heavy truck or a bus. This attribute should also be used when the vehicle is a medium/heavy truck or a bus but the vehicle is not an interstate for-hire or private carrier. Unknown is used when the vehicle is a medium/heavy truck or a bus but the Carrier ID is not known. Also, this attribute is used when the body type of the vehicle is unknown. 260 2010 V17 GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING/ GROSS COMBINATION WEIGHT RATING GES: XXX FARS: V17 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Applicable X X X 1 10,000 lbs. or less X X X 2 10,001 lbs. – 26,000 lbs. X X X 3 26,001 lbs. or more X X X 8 Not Reported X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Prior to 2007, FARS only considered the power unit in recording the element Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Starting in 2007, the element was modified to allow Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) to be recorded for combination vehicles to match the nationally accepted reporting criteria for this element (FMCSA’s SAFETYNET and MMUCC). Use of GCWR instead of GVWR will only impact these vehicles: 1. Light trucks, 10,000 lbs. or less, pulling trailers (truck/trailers) (greater than 10,000 lbs. GCWR) 2. Single-unit trucks, less than 26,000 lbs., pulling trailers (truck/trailers) (greater than 26,000 lbs. GCWR) This information should be available on your Police Accident Report (PAR) or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles. 2010 261 V17 Record the applicable weight range for a single vehicle’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or combination vehicle’s Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR). It may appear as a numeric value or as a range of values like those displayed above. For verification of the reported range, see the procedures outlined below. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) is the value specified by the manufacturer as the recommended maximum loaded weight of a single motor vehicle. Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) is the value specified by the manufacturer(s) as the recommended maximum loaded weight of a combination (articulated) motor vehicle. This is for truck tractors and single-unit trucks pulling a trailer(s). GCWR is the sum of the gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWR) of all units, power unit and its trailer(s). For Truck/Trailer Combinations: If your state records the GVWR of the power unit and trailer(s) in separate fields, be sure to add together the GVWRs of all the units when recording this element. Not Applicable should be used for vehicles 10,000 lbs. or less, not displaying a hazardous materials placard, for buses less than 9 seats (including driver), and for all motor homes. 10,000 lbs. or less should be used for passenger cars and light trucks with 10,000 lbs. or less GVWR/GCWR when displaying a hazardous materials placard or for buses with 9 or more seats (including driver) with 10,000 lbs. GVWR or less. PROCEDURE FOR VERIFICATION OF GVWR/GCWR RANGE: The MDE provides PCVINA codes for GVWR. Next to Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), click on check box, and then click on “Show Details” under the “R. L. Polk” column. Use the table below to translate the code for GVWR. NOTE: PCVINA only provides the GVWR of a single vehicle or the GVWR of the power unit in a combination unit motor vehicle. • For Truck / Trailer Combinations: 1. If the PCVINA VIN return fits within the range provided on the PAR or Truck and Bus supplement, use that value. 2. If the PCVINA VIN return falls below the range provided on the PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement, use the value provided on the crash report to account for the addition of the trailer’s GVWR. • If GVWR/GCWR information is unavailable or not reported on your PAR or Truck/Bus Supplement, utilize the information on the power unit provided by PCVINA to code this element. 262 2010 V17 • If the GVWR/GCWR is available on your PAR or Truck/Bus Supplement, and PCVINA does not return a value, use the information provided on your crash report. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Note: For this element, Not Reported is used when you could expect this type of vehicle to have a Motor Carrier ID Number, but: • the PAR or truck supplement leaves the field blank; or • you don’t have a supplement or a field on the PAR (no further information given). Unknown should be used when GVWR/GCWR information is unavailable on your PAR or Truck/Bus Supplement and PCVINA is unable to return a value. See Comparison of PCVINA and FARS Codes for GVWR/GCWR below. COMPARISON OF PCVINA AND FARS CODES FOR GVWR/GCWR PCVINA (trucks only) FARS CODES 0 – Not Applicable 1 – 6,000 lbs. or less 1 – 10,000 lbs. and less 2 – 6,001 – 10,000 lbs. 3 – 10,001 – 14,000 lbs. 2 – 10,001 – 26,000 lbs. 4 – 14,001 – 16,000 lbs. 5 – 16,001 – 19,500 lbs. 6 – 19,501 – 26,000 lbs. 7 – 26,001 – 33,000 lbs. 3 – 26,001 lbs. or more 8 – 33,001 lbs. or more 9 – Unknown 9 – Unknown 2010 263 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 264 2010 V18 VEHICLE CONFIGURATION GES: V40 FARS:V18 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: How is the vehicle configured? SAS Name: GES.Vehicle.V_Config Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Vehconfig ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 0 0 00 Not Applicable 2 10 10 10 Vehicle 10,000 pounds or less placarded for hazardous materials 3 1 1 01 Single-Unit Truck (2-axle and GVWR more than 10,000 lbs) 4 2 2 02 Single-Unit Truck (3 or more axles) 5 4 4 04 Truck Pulling Trailer(s) 6 5 5 05 Truck Tractor (Bobtail) 7 6 6 06 Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer 8 7 7 07 Truck Tractor/Double 9 8 8 08 Truck Tractor/Triple 10 19 19 19 Truck More Than 10,000 lbs, Cannot Classify 11 20 20 20 Bus/Large Van (seats for 9-15 occupants, including driver) 12 21 21 21 Bus (seats for more than 15 occupants, including driver) 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This information should be available on your PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles. In some states, the data element “Vehicle Configuration” or its attributes may appear under another title, such as: Unit Type, Vehicle Type, Type of Unit, etc. In many states, Vehicle Configuration is recorded for all vehicles. However, in our data systems, only code Vehicle Configurations for the following commercial vehicles: 2010 265 V18 1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater than 10,000 lbs. 2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs. 3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver). 4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard. If Vehicle Configuration is coded “01-99,” Cargo Body Type should be coded “01-99.” Not Applicable is used for automobiles, motorcycles, passenger vans (with less than 9 seats, including driver) and single-unit light trucks or cargo vans (10,000 lbs. or less GVWR), not carrying hazardous cargo. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: If not known if the vehicle is over 10.000 lbs. use this attribute. A light truck carrying hazardous cargo is coded Vehicle 10,000 Pounds or Less Placarded for Hazardous Materials. When vehicles in this category are not displaying a hazardous materials placard, use Not Applicable. Single-Unit Truck (2-axle and GVWR more than 10,000 lbs) is a power unit that includes a permanently mounted cargo body (also called a straight truck) that has only two axles and a GVWR of over 10,000 lbs. Single-Unit Truck (3 or more axles) is a power unit that includes a permanently mounted cargo body (also called a straight truck) that has three or more axles. When counting axles on a single-unit truck, include raised axles. Truck Pulling Trailer(s) is used for single-unit trucks pulling a trailer. Truck Tractor (Bobtail) is a motor vehicle consisting of a single motorized transport device designed primarily for pulling semi-trailers. Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer is used for truck tractors with one trailer. This attribute should not be used for single-unit trucks pulling a trailer. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: NOTE: This attribute was used for truck tractors with any number of trailers before 2001 Truck Tractor/Double is used for tractor pulling two trailers. Truck Tractor/Triple is used for tractor pulling three trailers. 266 2010 V18 example is a vehicle with one trailer, but it is unknown whether it is a tractor-trailer or a single- unit truck pulling a trailer. Bus/Large Van (seats for 9-15 people, including driver) is used for smaller van-based buses (less than 16 seats, including driver). Examples include commuter vans and van-based school buses. Bus (seats for more than 15 occupants, including driver). A van-based bus qualifies for this attribute if it is configured to include enough seats. A CDL is required for the driver of this bus. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used if the investigating officer indicates that the vehicle configuration is unknown. 2010 267 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 268 2010 V19 CARGO BODY TYPE GES: V33 FARS:V19 Screen Heading: NGA Crash Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Cargo Body Type (640-E) Long Name: What is the cargo body type for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Carg_Typ Oracle Name: GES.NGA_Type.CargoBodyTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10217 00 00 Not Applicable (N/A) 3 10219 02 01 Van/Enclosed Box 4 10220 03 02 Cargo Tank 5 10221 04 03 Flatbed 6 10222 05 04 Dump 7 10223 06 05 Concrete Mixer 8 10224 07 06 Auto Transporter 9 10225 08 07 Garbage/Refuse 12 10228 09 08 Grain/Chips/Gravel 13 10229 10 09 Pole-Trailer 14 10230 11 10 Log 15 10231 12 11 Intermodal Container Chassis 16 10232 13 12 Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle 2 10218 01 22 Bus 97 10237 77 28 Not Reported 17 10233 96 96 No Cargo Body Type 18 10234 97 97 Other 19 10235 98 98 Unknown Cargo Body Type 20 10236 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This information should be available on the PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles. You should expect to find cargo body types for the following commercial vehicles: 2010 269 V19 1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater than 10,000 lbs. 2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs. 3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver). 4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard. Not Applicable is used for automobiles, motorcycles, passenger vans (with less than 9 seats, including driver) and single-unit small trucks or vans (10,000 lbs. or less GVWR), not displaying hazardous material placard. Van/Enclosed Box is used for all enclosed trailers and enclosed cargo vans. Flatbed is used when the available information refers to a cargo body without sides or roof, with or without readily removable stakes which may be tied together with chains/slats or panels. This includes “stake trucks.” Dump is used when the available information refers to a cargo body designed to be tilted to discharge its load by gravity. Auto Transporter is used when the available information refers to a cargo body capable of transporting multiple, fully assembled automobiles on an “auto transporter” trailer. Do not use this code for flatbeds transporting vehicles (e.g., flatbed tow truck, or flatbed semi-trailer carrying wrecked/salvaged automobiles). Garbage/Refuse is used when the available information refers to a cargo body that is specifically designed to collect and transport garbage and refuse. This includes both conventional rear-loading and over-the-top bucket loading garbage trucks. Also included are recycle trucks and roll-off style garbage trucks. Grain/Chips/Gravel is used when the available information refers to trucks that discharge their loads by gravity from the bottom (i.e., belly dump). Pole-Trailer is used when the available information refers to a cargo body type that consists of a trailer designed to be attached to a towing vehicle by a reach or pole or by being boomed and secured to the towing vehicle. These are ordinarily used to carry property of a long or irregular shape, such as telephone poles. The pole trailer extends or retracts to accommodate varying lengths of cargo. Log is used when the available information refers to a cargo body type with a fixed middle beam and side support posts specifically designed for carrying logs. This includes single-unit log trucks. Pole-Trailer and Log may be listed on a PAR as “Pole/Log”. If the trailer can telescope to carry different log lengths, then it should be considered a Pole-Trailer. 270 2010 V19 Intermodal Container Chassis is used when the available information refers to a cargo body type used for a trailer specifically designed to have a rail or ship container mounted directly on the chassis. These should not be confused with van/enclosed box cargo body types. Intermodal containers may also be mounted on a flatbed trailer, in which case Flatbed is the cargo body type. Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle is used when the available information refers to vehicles that have no cargo carrying capability but are in the act of towing another motor vehicle where the towed vehicle has at least two wheels on the ground. These are often called “drive-away, tow-aways” and will be applicable to tow trucks and specially rigged truck tractors. This includes “saddlemount” configurations. Does not apply to vehicles “towed” by being loaded on a flatbed or auto transporter. Bus is a motor vehicle with seating for transporting nine or more persons, including the driver. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). No Cargo Body Type is used for any medium heavy truck with no cargo carrying capability (bobtail); a truck chassis with a cab only (stripped chassis); and light trucks and passenger vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard. Other examples of No Cargo Body Type would be Sign Trucks, Fire Trucks, Tow Trucks, etc. Other is used when the cargo body type is other than the body types listed above. This includes 2-axle, 6 tire pickups greater than 10,000 lb without a trailer. This does not include a pickup pulling a trailer (truck/trailer). Use the Cargo Body Type of the attached trailer in these situations. This attribute previously included “log trucks” which are now recorded under the attribute Log. Unknown Cargo Body Type is used when the vehicle qualifies for this data element but the cargo body type is not known or when there is not enough information to distinguish one cargo body type from another. An example would be contradictory data on whether the truck is a van/enclosed box or a flatbed. Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates it was unknown as to cargo body type. NOTE: For truck/trailer vehicle configurations where the power unit and trailer have different cargo body types, code the cargo body type of the power unit. For example, a dump truck pulling a flatbed trailer should be coded as Dump. 2010 271 V19 For truck/trailer vehicle configurations where the power unit’s Cargo Body Type would be coded No Cargo Body Type or Other, code the cargo body of the trailer. For example: a dual-rear-wheel pickup truck pulling a flatbed trailer should be coded as Flatbed. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2007, Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle was recorded as code “96 – No Cargo Body”. 272 2010 V20 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INVOLVEMENT/PLACARD GES: V33A, V34, V35, V35A, V36 FARS:V20 Screen Heading: NGA Crash Heading Format: 1 set, 1 numeric; 1 set, 1 numeric; 1 set, 4 Screen Name: HM Involvement, Hazardous Materials (650-E), numeric; 1 set, 2 numeric; Placard Number (660-E), Class Number (680-E), Hazardous 1 set, 1 numeric Release (670-E) Long Name: Was this vehicle carrying hazardous materials?, Did this motor vehicle display a Hazardous Materials (HM) placard?, What is the hazardous material identification number?, What is the Hazardous Materials class number?, Was an hazardous cargo released from the vehicle cargo tank or compartment? SAS Name: HMINVOLV, Vehicle.Haz_Mat, Vehicle.Hazm_No, HMCLSNUM, Vehicle.Haz_Ma_R Oracle Name: GES.NGA_Type.HazardInvolve, GES.NGA_Type.HazardPlak, GES.NGA_Type.HazardPlakNum, GES.NGA_Type.HazardClassID, GES.NGA_Type.HazardRelease ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS HM1: Hazardous Materials Involvement 1 1 1 1 No 2 2 2 2 Yes HM2: Placard Did This Motor Vehicle Display a Hazardous Material (HM) Placard? 3 7 0 0 Not Applicable 1 5 1 1 No 2 6 2 2 Yes 4 9 8 8 Not Reported HM3: 4-digit Hazardous Material Identification Number 0000 0000 0000 0000 Not Applicable Actual 4-digit number except 8888 8888 8888 8888 Not Reported 2010 273 V20 HM4: 2-digit Hazardous Material Class Number 1 1 0 00 Not Applicable 2-10 2-10 1-9 01-09 Actual 1-digit number (with leading zero) 11 88 88 88 Not Reported HM5: Release of Hazardous Material from the Cargo Compartment 3 7 0 0 Not Applicable 1 5 1 1 No 2 6 2 2 Yes 4 8 8 8 Not Reported Remarks: This element must be coded for all vehicles. Placard and Hazardous Materials Released information should be available on your PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles. Hazardous Material is a substance or material which has been designated by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorizing entity, as capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property when transported in commerce. Any motor vehicle transporting hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorized entity is required to display a hazardous materials placard. Exclusions: • Fuel or oil carried by the vehicle for its own use. Hazardous Materials Placard: is a sign required to be affixed to any motor vehicle transporting hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorized entity. This placard identifies the 1-digit hazard class division number, 4-digit hazardous material identification number or name of the hazardous material being transported. Vehicle transporting hazardous materials should have a diamond-shaped placard affixed indicating the material carried. (See list of examples below.) HM1– Hazardous Materials Involvement No is used when there is no indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials. If HM1 is No, HM2-HM5 will be coded Not Applicable. Yes is used when hazardous materials were indicated for this vehicle in the case materials. 274 2010 V20 Examples for code Yes: 1. The officer records any information about a placard, whether or not he indicates that the vehicle was carrying hazardous materials. 2. The officer does not record any information about a placard, however, you know that hazardous material was involved. 3. Information identifying hazardous material is blank, but you know that hazardous material was released. HM2 – Hazardous Materials Placard Not Applicable is used when there is no indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials (HM1 equals No). No is used when hazardous materials are involved, but the officer indicates there was no placard. Yes is used when hazardous materials are involved, and the vehicle does have a placard. Not Reported is used when hazardous materials are involved, but the crash report does not record any information about the presence of a placard. HM3 – 4-Digit Hazardous Materials Identification Number Not Applicable – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials (HM1 equals No). Actual 4-digit Number – Record the 4-digit Hazardous Materials Identification Number reported in the case materials. Not Reported – Hazardous materials involved, but the 4-digit number was not recorded or this field is not available on your crash report. If you are provided the name of the hazardous material on your report but not the 4-digit number, use this attribute and be sure to record the 1-digit class number if it is provided. HM4 – 1-Digit Hazardous Materials Class Number Not Applicable – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials (HM1 equals No). Actual 2-digit Class Number (01-09) – Record the 1-digit Hazardous Materials Class Number recorded on your crash report with a leading zero (e.g., if the 1-digit class number is 5, enter “05”). If you were given a two-digit number with decimal point, record only the first digit with a leading zero (e.g., if the class number is “1.3” you should record “01”). See chart on nine classes of Hazardous Materials on following page. Not Reported – Hazardous Materials involved, but the 1-digit number was not recorded or this field is not available in the crash materials. 2010 275 V20 HM5 – Release of Hazardous Materials from Cargo Compartment Not Applicable – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials (HM1 equals No). No – Hazardous Materials involved, and the officer indicates there was no release of the material(s) from the cargo compartment. Yes – Hazardous Materials involved, and the officer indicates there was a release of the material(s) from the cargo compartment. Not Reported – Hazardous Materials involved, and you can’t determine from the crash materials whether or not hazardous material was released from the cargo compartment. Do not include fuel or oil carried by the vehicle for its own use which has been released. Examples of Hazardous Materials are: Any transport vehicle containing any quantity of the following classes of material must be placarded: Explosives (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) Poison Poison Gas Radioactive Materials Dangerous When Wet Any transport vehicle containing over 1,001 lbs. or more (gross weight) of the following classes of materials must be placarded: Explosives (1.4, 1.5, 1.6) Oxidizer/Organic Peroxide Flammable and Non Flammable Gas Poison Flammable/Combustible Liquid Radioactive (gasoline, fuel oil) Corrosive Flammable Solid/Spontaneously Other (A material which presents a hazard Combustible during transportation which is not included in any other hazard class) FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Beginning 2007, this element replaced the element “Hazardous Cargo”. 276 2010 V20 9 CLASSES OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010 277 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 278 2010 V21 BUS USE GES: V39 FARS:V21 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: Was this Vehicle being used as a bus at the time of the crash? SAS Name: Vehicle.Bus_Use Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Bususe ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 Not a Bus 1 1 1 01 School 5 5 5 04 Intercity 6 6 6 05 Charter/Tour 4 4 4 06 Transit/ Commuter 7 7 7 07 Shuttle 8 8 8 08 Modified for Personal/Private Use 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element describes the common type of bus service this vehicle was being used as at the time of the crash. Buses are any motor vehicle with seats to transport nine (9) or more people, including the driver’s seat. This element does not include vans that are owned and operated for personal use. Not a Bus is used for vehicles that do not have a bus body type AND are not being used as a bus in the crash. This should be used for vehicles with less than nine (9) seats (including the driver) and personal-use vans with nine (9) or more seats (including the driver). School is described as a motor vehicle that satisfies the following criteria: • externally identifiable to other traffic units as a school/pupil transport vehicle; • operated, leased, owned or contracted by a public or private school-type institution; • where the institution’s students may range from pre-school through high school; • whose occupants, if any, are associated with the institution; and, 2010 279 V21 • the vehicle is in operation at the time of the crash to and from the school or on a school- sponsored activity or trip. In addition, School includes vehicles that are not externally identifiable as a school/pupil transport vehicle, but do meet all of the other criteria above, are vehicles used as school buses. (For example, a transit bus, at the time of the crash, used exclusively [no other passengers except students] to transport students to/from the school or school-related activity.) In most cases, the decision to use this code will be based on a reference to the vehicle as a school bus in the case materials. In this situation, assume the criteria are met unless it is otherwise stated in the case materials. Intercity is used when a company is providing for-hire, long-distance passenger transportation between cities over fixed routes with regular schedules (for example; Greyhound bus service between major cities). Charter/Tour is used when a company is providing transportation on a for-hire basis and demand-response basis, usually round-trip service for a tour group or outing. Transit/Commuter is used for a government entity or private company providing passenger transportation over fixed, scheduled routes, within primarily urban geographical areas. (For example; inner-city mass transit bus/van service.) Shuttle is used when private companies provide transportation services for their own employees, non-governmental organizations (such as churches and non-profit groups), and non-educational units of government (such as departments of corrections). (Examples include buses/nine-passenger vans transporting people from airports, hotels, rental car companies, and business facility to facility.) Modified for Personal/Private Use is used when a bus body type has been modified for personal or private use. For example, a bus with seats removed and exterior altered to allow for personal/ private hauling of cargo (instead of passengers). Also includes musical groups in cross-country bus with interior remodeled with home-like conveniences. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used if the information about this vehicle is reported as Unknown (e.g., an unidentified hit-and-run vehicle). 280 2010 V21 Note: if the investigating officer indicates a bus was involved but not how it was being used, use Not Reported. 2010 281 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 282 2010 V22 SPECIAL USE GES: V08 FARS:V22 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Special Use (420 – E) Long Name: What special use category applies to this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Spec_Use Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.SpecialUse.ID ELEMENT VALUES SES SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26875 00 00 No Special Use 2 26876 01 01 Taxi 3 26877 02 02 Vehicle used as School Bus 4 26878 03 03 Vehicle used as Other Bus 5 26879 04 04 Military 6 26880 05 05 Police 7 26881 06 06 Ambulance 8 26882 07 07 Fire Truck 13 26890 08 08 Emergency Services Vehicle 17 26897 77 98 Not Reported 14 26891 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element refers to a motor vehicle that is being used for a function other than the primary function for that type vehicle. That is, this element is entered using the attributes listed above in those cases where Body Type does not reflect how the vehicle was being used. The special function served by this motor vehicle regardless of whether the function is marked on the vehicle. No Special Use is used when the available information does not indicate or imply that this vehicle was applicable to any of the special uses listed above. Taxi is used when this vehicle was being used during this trip (at the time of the crash) on a “fee-for-hire” basis to transport persons. Most of these vehicles will be marked and formally registered as taxis; however, vehicles which are used as taxis, even though they are not registered (e.g., Gypsy Cabs), are included here. Passengers do not have to be present at the time of the crash. Taxis and drivers which are off-duty at the time of the crash are coded as 2010 283 V22 No Special Use. If it is unknown whether or not the taxi is on-duty, code as Taxi. This attribute also applies for limousines on a “fee-for-hire” basis. Vehicle Used as School Bus can be any motor vehicle that satisfies the following criteria: • externally identifiable to other traffic units as a school/pupil transport vehicle; • operated, leased, owned or contracted by a public or private school-type institution; • where the institution’s students may range from pre-school through high school; • whose occupants, if any, are associated with the institution; and, • the vehicle is a school bus at the time of the crash to and from the school or on a school-sponsored activity or trip. In addition, this attribute includes vehicles which are not externally identifiable as a school/pupil transport vehicle, but do meet all of the other criteria above are vehicles used as school buses. (For example, a transit bus, at the time of the crash, used exclusively [no other passengers except students] to transport students to/from the school or school-related activity). In most cases, the decision to use this attribute will be based on a reference to the vehicle as a school bus in the available information. In this situation, assume the criteria are met unless it is otherwise stated in the available information. Vehicle Used as Other Bus is used when a motor vehicle is designed for transporting nine or more persons including the driver and does not satisfy the above “school bus” criteria. For example, BODY TYPE code “School Bus” transporting senior citizens to an activity. Military is used for any vehicle which is owned by any of the Armed Forces regardless of body type. This attribute includes: • military police vehicles; • military ambulances; • military hearses; and • military fire vehicles. Police is a vehicle equipped with police emergency devices (lights and siren) that is owned or subsidized by any local, county, State or Federal government entity. The police vehicle is presumed to be in special use at all times, although not necessarily in “emergency use.” Vehicles not owned by a government entity that are used by law enforcement officers (e.g., undercover) are excluded. Ambulance is used for any readily identifiable (lights or markings) vehicles designed to transport sick or injured persons. The ambulance is presumed to be in special use at all times, although not necessarily in “emergency use.” Fire Truck is used for any readily identifiable (lights or markings) vehicles specially designed and equipped to respond to fire, hazmat, medical and extrication incidents. This attribute 284 2010 V22 includes medium and heavy vehicles such as engines, pumpers, ladder, platform aerial apparatus, heavy rescue vehicles, water tenders or tankers, brush or wilderness firefighting vehicles, etc. Emergency Services Vehicle is used for any readily identifiable (lights or markings) vehicles that do not meet the criteria for Ambulance or Fire Truck and are specially designed and equipped to respond to fire, hazmat, medical and extrication incidents. This attribute includes light vehicles such as sedans, van, SUVs, pick-ups, trucks, motorcycles, etc. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported special use as unknown. 2010 285 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 286 2010 V23 EMERGENCY USE GES: V09 FARS:V23 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Emergency Use (430-E) Long Name: Was this vehicle on an emergency run at the time of the crash? SAS Name: Vehicle.Emcy_Use Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.EmergencyUse ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 0 0 No 2 2 1 1 Yes 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 3 3 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Emergency Use indicates operation of any motor vehicle that is legally authorized by a government authority to respond to emergencies with or without the use of emergency warning equipment, such as a police vehicle, fire truck or ambulance while actually engaged in such response. Emergency Use also refers to an official motor vehicle that is usually traveling with emergency signals in use; typically red light blinking, siren sounding, etc. If Special Use is Military, Police, Ambulance, Fire Truck or Emergency Service Vehicle then refer to the case materials to determine if the vehicle was on an emergency response (i.e., red lights flashing, siren sounding, on route to hospital, etc.) at the time of the crash. No is used when this motor vehicle is not on an emergency response. Yes is used when this motor vehicle was on an emergency response, regardless of whether the emergency warning equipment was in use. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. 2010 287 V23 Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Examples: • The case materials are not clear as to whether the vehicle was on an emergency response. • The case materials are not clear as to whether the vehicle is legally authorized by a government authority to respond to emergencies. Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported emergency use as unknown. 288 2010 V24 TRAVEL SPEED GES: V11 FARS:V24 Screen Heading: Vehicle Data Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Travel Speed (440-E) Long Name: What is this vehicle’s travel speed (MPH)? SAS Name: Vehicle.Speed Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.TravelSpeed ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 000 000 000 000 Stopped Motor Vehicle In-Transport 001- 001-151 001- 001- Reported Speed Up to 151 MPH 151 151 151 997 997 997 997 Greater than 151 MPH 998 998 998 998 Not Reported 999 999 Unknown Remarks: This element refers to the speed the vehicle was traveling prior to the occurrence of the crash. Code the Travel Speed as indicated by the investigating officer. Do not enter the Speed Limit. Do not use estimates by drivers or witnesses reported in the case materials. If the police calculated a speed, please be aware that this may represent impact speed and not travel speed. Code the nearest mph for this vehicle as reported on the case materials. Examples: Reported Speed Code 40.2mph 40 40.5mph 41 If the officer gives a range, code the median speed and, if necessary, round up to the next higher whole number. If the officer gives a minimum speed (e.g., “at least 55 mph” or “in excess of 60 mph”, then use that speed (e.g., code as “55” and “60” respectively). 2010 289 V24 Examples: Reported Speed Code 40-50mph 45 45-50mph 48 Stopped Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when this vehicle is stopped on the roadway. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Examples: 1. the officer did not mention Travel Speed, or 2. did not indicate Travel Speed within a field in the case materials. Unknown is used when the officer indicates that Travel Speed is unknown. 290 2010 V25 UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE GES: XXX FARS:V25 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 No Underride or Override X X X 1 Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion X X X 2 Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, No Compartment Intrusion X X X 3 Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion Unknown X X X 4 Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion X X X 5 Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, No Compartment Intrusion X X X 6 Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion Unknown X X X 7 Overriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport X X X 8 Overriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport X X X 9 Unknown if Underride or Override Remarks: Rationale: Needed to identify the magnitude of crashes in which an underride or override occurs to support NHTSA rulemaking activities and motor vehicle bumper compatibility research. NOTE: Prior to 2007, this element was limited to collisions involving a large vehicle (medium/heavy trucks) and a smaller body type (e.g., automobiles, utility vehicles, etc.). Beginning 2007, this element is open to all body types, excluding motorcycles, mopeds, ATVs and snowmobiles. 2010 291 V25 NOTE: Prior to 1994, coding of vehicle underrides and overrides was not captured as a separate element. It was included under Impact Points (clockpoint codes “15” and “16” (Underride and Override)). This change improved both the capture and detail relating to these events. For underrides and overrides, it is important to determine the vehicle performing the action. Two vehicles cannot be considered to underride and override simultaneously. In cases in which two vehicles collide “head-on” and one vehicle ends up under the other, you must determine whether an Underride or Override has occurred. An Underride refers to a vehicle sliding under another vehicle during a crash. The classic example is an automobile striking the rear end or the side of a tractor-trailer and coming to a stop under the trailer. In this example, the automobile is the underriding vehicle. We distinguish between those underriding vehicles with compartment intrusion versus those with no compartment intrusion. Compartment intrusion indicates a breach of the passenger compartment of this underriding (striking) vehicle. For example, damage to the windshield or glass area. No compartment intrusion means that the underridden vehicle (struck vehicle) did not directly enter the passenger compartment of this vehicle (for example, damage to the hood or front bumper). It is possible for an auto to completely underride the trailer without stopping. Underride is not applicable to motorcycles or snowmobiles. UNDERRIDES AND VEHICLES UNDER OTHER VEHICLES Codes “1-3” are used when this vehicle underrides a motor vehicle in-transport (includes those in motion outside the trafficway). Codes “4-6” are used when this vehicle underrides a motor vehicle that is Not In-Transport. This includes parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles, working motor vehicles (e.g., cherry picker, paint-striping truck). Compartment Intrusion Guidelines: To use Codes “1 or 4,” the PAR should indicate that the passenger compartment of the underriding (striking) vehicle has been damaged. Sources of this information can be the PAR narrative and/or the vehicle damage scale. If the top of the vehicle is damaged, as noted by the vehicle damage scale, Codes “1 or 4” would apply. Codes “2 and 5,” Underride, No Compartment Intrusion, are used when a portion of the vehicle is under another, and it is known that there is no passenger compartment intrusion. Codes “3 and 6” are used when it is unknown if there is passenger compartment intrusion. 292 2010 V25 OVERRIDES An Override refers to a vehicle riding up over another (including a parked vehicle). A vehicle straddling a guardrail, for example, is not coded as an override. Overriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when this vehicle overrides a motor vehicle in-transport (includes those in motion outside the trafficway). Overriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport is used when this vehicle overrides a motor vehicle not in-transport. This includes parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles, working motor vehicles (e.g. cherry picker, paint-striping truck). 2010 293 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 294 2010 V26 ROLLOVER GES: V30 FARS:V26 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle # 1 ___ Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Rollover (610-R) Long Name: What is the rollover type for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Rollover Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.RolloverTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26860 0 0 No Rollover 2 26861 1 1 Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle 3 26862 2 2 Rollover, Untripped 4 26863 9 9 Rollover, Unknown Type Remarks: Rollover is defined as any vehicle rotation of 90 degrees or more about any true longitudinal or lateral axis. Rollover can also be referred to as overturn, and can occur at any time during this vehicle’s critical crash envelope. Rollover does not apply to motorcycles for this element (use No Rollover). However, in the First Harmful Event, Most Harmful Event and Sequence of Events you may use Rollover/Overturn to record that this vehicle (motorcycle) overturned. A rollover can be used for 3- or 4-wheeled ATVs, snowmobiles and go-karts. No Rollover is used when there is no indication that a rollover occurred. Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle is used when the vehicle’s lateral motion is suddenly slowed or stopped by an opposing force, inducing a rollover. The opposing force may be produced by a curb, ditch, pot-hole, another vehicle, pavement or soil dug into by the vehicle’s wheels. This includes instances where a vehicle impacts a fixed object (i.e., tree, barrier, pole or post) then rolls over. Rollover, Untripped is used when a rollover occurs, but not as a result of a collision with an object or a vehicle or generated by any other opposing force as referred to in Rollover, Tripped 2010 295 V26 by Object/Vehicle. An untripped rollover is one for which there is no obvious cause other than normal surface friction. This is usually the result of vehicle instability and there is no evidence of furrowing or gouging on the pavement, gravel, grass or dirt surface. Rollover, Unknown Type is used when a rollover occurred, but there is not sufficient information to determine tripped versus untripped status. 296 2010 V27 LOCATION OF ROLLOVER GES: V30A FARS:V27 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle #1 _____ Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Location of Roll (?) Long Name: What is the location of the rollover for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.ROLINLOC Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.RolloverLocID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 0 0 No Rollover 2 2 1 1 On Roadway 3 3 2 2 On Shoulder 4 4 3 3 On Median/Separator 5 5 4 4 In Gore 6 6 5 5 On Roadside 7 7 6 6 Outside of Trafficway 8 9 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This element defines the location of the trip point or start of the vehicle's roll. Any rollover initiated by a fixed object (e.g., pole, tree, barrier, etc.) cannot be on a roadway or a shoulder. On Roadway is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll on the roadway. A Roadway is that part of a trafficway designed, improved and ordinarily used for motor vehicle travel. Where various classes of motor vehicles are segregated, that part of a trafficway used by a particular class is the roadway (i.e., travel lanes). Separate roadways may be provided for northbound and southbound traffic or for trucks and automobiles. This includes continuous left-turn lanes. On Shoulder is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll on the shoulder. A Shoulder is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for emergency use, for accommodation of stopped road vehicles and for lateral support of the roadway structure. 2010 297 V27 On Median/Separator is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll on the median/separator. A Median is an area of a trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in opposite directions. Continuous left-turn lanes are not considered painted medians. A Separator is the area of a trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in the same direction or separating a frontage road. In Gore is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll in the gore. The Gore is an area of land where two roadways diverge or converge. The area is bounded on two sides by the edges of the roadways, which join at the point of divergence or convergence. The direction of traffic must be the same on both of these roadways. The area includes shoulders or marked pavement, if any, between the roadways. On Roadside is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll on the roadside. Roadside is the outermost part of the trafficway from the property line or other boundary into the edge of the first road. Outside of Trafficway is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll outside the right-of-way. Unknown is used when the location of the trip point cannot be determined from available resources. 298 2010 V28 AREAS OF IMPACT – INITIAL DAMAGE AREA / MOST DAMAGED AREA GES: V37/V38 FARS:V28 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 2 numeric, 2 times Screen Name: Point of Impact - This Vehicle (102-R) /Point of Impact - Other Vehicle (120-R) Long Name: What is this vehicles initial area of impact? / What is this vehicles most damaged area? SAS Name: None / Vehicle.IMPACT2 Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.InitialpointID / GES.Vehicle.MostDamaged ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 20 00 Non-Collision 1-12 1-12 21-32 01-12 Clock Points 13 13 33 13 Top 14 14 34 14 Undercarriage 61 61 61 61 Left 62 62 62 62 Left-Front Half 63 63 63 63 Left-Back Half 81 81 81 81 Right 82 82 82 82 Right-Front Half 83 83 83 83 Right-Back Half 18 18 38 18 Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point) 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Area(s) of Impact / Initial Damage Area: This element identifies the area on this vehicle that produced the first instance of injury to a non-motorists or occupants of this vehicle, or that resulted from the first instance of damage to other property or to this vehicle. The event that produced the initial damage area for this vehicle may or may not be the first harmful event for the crash. This data will be derived from the Crash Events Table and will always be the first recorded Area(s) of Impact element value for each vehicle in the Crash Events Table. 2010 299 V28 Area(s) of Impact / Most Damaged Area: This element identifies the area on this vehicle that was most damaged during an event it underwent in the crash. The most damaged area may or may not be associated with the Most Harmful Event for this vehicle. Area(s) of Impact Element Values Diagram Attributes “01-12” refer to the points on a clock. Use the diagram at the end of the element for examples of how to superimpose the clock point on several vehicle types. If Areas of Impact Intial / Most Damaged are provided on the crash report in this exact format, use the values from the report unless there are clear errors (e.g. officer switches vehicles by mistake). If these elements are not provided on the crash report in this exact format, then similar report fields, narrative or diagram information may be used to code these elements. If the initial and most damaged areas are the same, both elements receive the same code. As procedure, start by looking for one of the “clock” values 01-12 or specific situation values 00, 13, 14, 18. If sufficient detail is not available to choose one of these values, move out to the next set of values to try to identify the appropriate codes (i.e., 62-63, 82-83, then 61, 81). Lastly, for missing information pertaining to known harmful events, a Not Reported attribute is available. 300 2010 V28 Codes, 61-63 and 81-83: Codes, 62-63 and 82-83 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case materials to identify a more specific area of impact , 01-05 and 07-11, but one of the quadrants can be identified (i.e., Left-Front , Left-Rear, Right-Front or Right-Rear). Also use these attributes if the case materials indicate that the damage area is “between” or overlapping two known clock points. (e.g., if the damage area is midway between or overlapping clock points 10 and 11, use Front-Left). Codes 61 and 81 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case materials to identify a more specific area of impact, 62-63 or 82-83, but one of the sides can be identified (i.e., Left or Right). Guideline for Resolving Ambiguous Information If the language in the narrative is ambiguous AND the diagram or other case information don’t provide resolution, use the area indicated first in the narrative wording to select the Area of Impact to code. See examples table below. Description Coding Front, left 12 Left, front 62 Front, corner 12 Right, rear 83 Back, right side 06 Wheel impacts are coded Undercarriage. It is important to note that area of impact refers mainly to the area of the vehicle that sustained the damage and does not depend upon the attitude of the vehicle (e.g., damage to a grille is still damage at 12 o-clock even if it was caused by sliding sideways past a utility pole). However, Top may raise questions. The front and rear windows of some vehicles may also be viewed from the top. It may also be difficult to code impacts to the hood and rear deck of a vehicle. With Top the direction of force sometimes has to be considered. The following are guidelines for using Top. 1. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received horizontally to an upright vehicle, use one of the codes “01 to 12, 61-63, 81-83.” 2. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received from a vertical direction above the upright vehicle, use Top. 3. If the impact was received or direction of force was at an angle of less than 15 degrees above the horizontal, it is considered horizontal. 4. With a vehicle in other than upright attitudes, remember, it is the area of the vehicle which was damaged that is important. 2010 301 V28 If the only event for a vehicle is a non-collision event, the Damage Areas are coded Non- Collision. If following a non-collision event, a vehicle has a collision event; Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area is still coded Non-Collision. Hitting the ground during a non-collision crash is not considered an “impact.” 1. If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT is coded as a non-collision and no impact to the vehicle occurs throughout the crash, then Initial Damage Area and Most Damaged Area are both recorded as Non-Collision. 2. If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT is coded as a non-collision (particularly Overturn/Rollover) and impacts to the vehicle do occur, then Initial Damage Area is still recorded as Non- Collision and the Most Damaged Area is coded as appropriate for the collision event(s). Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point) A vehicle that propels part of its load or has set something in motion; striking another vehicle, person or property causing injury or damage; may not have a normal impact point; only the load has made contact with the person or other property. However, a value must be coded. Use Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point) for these set-in-motion conditions. Example 1: Vehicle 1 (motorcycle) impacts the rear of Vehicle 2. The operator of Vehicle 1 is propelled forward impacting Vehicle 3 in the opposing travel lane. • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area would be coded as Clock Point 12. • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Most Damaged Area would be coded as Clock Point 12. Example 2: Vehicle 1 (log truck) swerves to avoid a braking vehicle (Vehicle 2). A log becomes dislodged from Vehicle 1 and lands on Vehicle 2’s top. • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area would be coded as Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point). • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Most Damaged Area would be coded as Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point). • Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area would be coded as Top. • Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Most Damaged Area would be coded as Top. Example 3: Vehicle 1 (log truck) swerves to avoid a braking vehicle (Vehicle 2). A log becomes dislodged from Vehicle 1 and lands on Vehicle 2’s top. Vehicle 1 then departs the roadway and has a severe frontal impact with a tree. • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area would be coded as Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point). • Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Most Damaged Area would be coded as Clock Point 12. • Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Initial Damage Area would be coded as Top. • Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Most Damaged Area would be coded as Top. 302 2010 V28 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Areas of Impact Examples of Not Reported: • The case materials lack the detail to identify a value at all (e.g., narrative only states the vehicle departed the roadway and impacted a tree). • The case materials lack the detail to identify a single Areas of Impact value among a number of possible choices (e.g., crash report field indicates front and right side damage from separate impacts and does not clarify which area is the most damaged). Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported that the Initial Damage Area or Most Damaged Area was unknown. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2010, FARS recorded the Impact Point-Initial and the Impact Point-Principal for each vehicle. If a vehicle had no impacts throughout a crash, the Initial and Principal Impact Points were both “00 - Non-Collision”. Non-Collision Events (including Rollovers) are not considered “impacts”. If the vehicle first had a Non-Collision Event but then experienced a Collision Event later in the accident, the clock point on the vehicle associated with that collision was recorded as the Impact Point-Initial. If this was the only Collision Event for the vehicle, then it was also the Impact Point-Principal for the vehicle. Otherwise, Impact Point, Principal was the clock point on the vehicle associated with the Collision Event that produced the most severe incidence of injury or property damage involving this vehicle. FARS now records INITIAL DAMAGED AREA and MOST DAMAGED AREA for this vehicle. If the initial damage to the vehicle is caused by a Non-Collision Event, the INITIAL DAMAGED AREA is coded “00 – Non-Collision”. The MOST DAMAGED AREA simply records the area of this vehicle sustaining the most damage in the crash. 2010 303 V28 Other Vehicle Examples   CLOCKPOINT DIAGRAM 12 11 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 12 11 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6   304 2010 V29 EXTENT OF DAMAGE GES: V18 FARS:V29 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Extent of Damage (490-E) Long Name: What is the damage severity for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.Veh_Sev Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.DamageSeverityID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26831 0 0 No Damage 2 26832 1 2 Minor Damage 3 26833 2 4 Functional Damage 4 26834 3 6 Disabling Damage 7 26837 7 8 Not Reported 5 26835 9 9 Unknown Remarks: No Damage is used when there is no damage indicated in the available information for this vehicle. Minor Damage is damage that does not disable or affect the operation of the motor vehicle. This attribute is used when the case materials indicate damage to the vehicle to be Minor or less than Functional and the vehicle is not towed due to damage. Examples of Minor Damage include: dented or bent fenders, bumpers, grills, body panels and destroyed hubcaps. Functional Damage is damage that is not disabling, but affects the operation of the motor vehicle or its parts. This attribute is used when the available information specifically indicates the damage is moderate or functional. Examples of Functional Damage include: • doors, windows, hood and trunk lids that will not operate properly; • broken glass that obscures vision; 2010 305 V29 • damage that would prevent the motor vehicle from passing an official motor vehicle inspection; • tire damage even though the tire may have been changed at the scene; • bumpers that are loose; • headlamp or taillight damage that would make night driving hazardous but would not affect daytime driving; and, • damage to turn signals, horn or windshield wipers, that makes them inoperative. Disabling Damage is damage that precludes departure of the motor vehicle from the crash scene in its usual daylight-operating manner after simple repairs. As a result, the motor vehicle had to be towed, or carried from the crash scene, or assisted by an emergency motor vehicle. This attribute should be used when the available information specifically indicates disabling or severe damage. This attribute is also used when the damage is indicated to be of greater magnitude than Functional (moderate), e.g., major, extensive, totaled and the vehicle was towed from the scene. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the available information specifically indicated the damage severity to be unknown. Note: There is a distinction between the cost to repair the damage and the degree to which the damage affects the vehicle’s operability (totaled, under/over monetary threshold). Operational damage is recorded here. For example, if the available information indicates that the vehicle was totaled and the vehicle was towed away, use Disabling Damage. However, if the available information indicates that the vehicle was totaled, but the vehicle was driven away, use Functional Damage. 306 2010 V30 VEHICLE REMOVAL GES: V19 FARS:V30 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Leave Scene (500-E) Long Name: What is the disposition of this vehicle at the crash scene? SAS Name: Vehicle.Towed Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.MannerLeftID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26836 1 1 Driven Away 2 26837 2 2 Towed Due to Disabling Damage 3 26838 3 3 Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage 4 26839 4 4 Abandoned/Left at Scene 7 26847 7 8 Not Reported 5 26840 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This data element describes the mode in which the vehicle left the scene of the crash. Towing includes vehicles carried from the scene on a flatbed tow truck. If the vehicle is a combination vehicle (power unit and at least one trailer), the power unit and/or trailer(s) are considered when determining tow status. If the available information indicates the power unit, or trailer of a combination unit, sustained enough damage to require towing, consider this vehicle as towed due to damage. Driven Away is used when the vehicle was driven from the scene of this crash. This attribute applies to a vehicle which is reported by the police as towed out of a ditch or snowbank and subsequently driven away. In addition, this attribute is used if a vehicle was driven from the scene and subsequently disabled. Towed Due to Disabling Damage is used for any towing which is due to disabling damage caused by this crash which prohibits vehicle movement under its own power. Towed due to disabling damage includes any towing when the reason for towing is unknown. In other words, if a vehicle is reported in the case materials as towed but it cannot be determined whether it was due to disabling damage or for other reasons, then the default assumption is that this 2010 307 V30 vehicle was towed due to disabling damage - the data element Extent of Damage can still be Unknown. If a vehicle was pushed by hand or by another vehicle after the crash because it was not drivable, then use Towed Due to Disabling Damage. If a vehicle was towed due to damage AND for other reasons such as driver arrest, then code this vehicle as Towed Due to Disabling Damage. Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage is used when the vehicle has been towed but the towing results from other than disabling damage (e.g., minor damage, functional damage, mired vehicles, driver arrested, injured driver, etc.). Abandoned/Left at Scene is used when it is specifically indicated in the available information or when the preponderance of the information available indicates that the vehicle remained at the scene. Do not use this attribute if the vehicle was left at the scene because this location was the vehicle’s destination at the time of the crash. NOTE: The PAR narrative may be used to supercede and/or clarify the above information. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates it was unknown as to how the vehicle was removed. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial, do not code Vehicle Removal as “towed” if only the trailer portion of the combination is towed. 308 2010 V31 SEQUENCE OF EVENTS GES: E04/A06 FARS: V31 Screen Heading: Vehicle/Other (115-R) Format: Read Only Screen Name: Long Name: What non-collision category or object (non-fixed or fixed) applies to this event? SAS Name: Event.Objcont, Accident.Event1 Oracle Name: GES.Events.ObjecthitID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Non-Harmful Events: 3 19461 161/na 61 Equipment Failure (blown tire, brake failure, etc.) 4 19462 162/na 62 Separation of Units 5 19463 163/na 63 Ran Off Roadway-Right 6 19464 164/na 64 Ran Off Roadway-Left 7 19465 165/na 65 Cross Median 8 19466 166/na 68 Cross Centerline 9 19467 167/na 66 Downhill Runaway 10 19468 168/na 67 Vehicle Went Airborne 11 19469 169/na 69 Re-entering Roadway 1 19451 151/na 70 Jackknife (non-harmful) 2 19460 160/na 60 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (non-harmful) Non-Collision Harmful Events: 1 10231 101/1 01 Rollover/Overturn 2 10232 102/2 02 Fire/Explosion 3 10233 103/3 03 Immersion 4 19433 104/4 04 Gas Inhalation 5 10234 105/5 51 Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) 6 19411 111/11 06 Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision) 7 19434 107/7 44 Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.) 9 10236 108/8 07 Other Non-Collision 10 19412 112/12 72 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) 10 10238 110/10 16 Thrown or Falling Object 2010 309 V31 11 19413 113/13 05 Fell/Jumped from Vehicle Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport: 5 10234 ? 6 12 Motor Vehicle In-Transport 1 19654 154/54 54 Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport 7 10236 ? 7 55 Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway 8 10297 ? 8 X Not Reported Collision with Object Not Fixed: 1 10239 121/21 08 Pedestrian 2 10240 122/22 09 Pedalcyclist 3 10241 123/23 10 Railway Vehicle 4 10242 124/24 11 Live Animal 5 19449 149/49 49 Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance 8 10246 128/28 18 Other Object (Not Fixed) 10 19436 127/27 15 Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance 6 19131 129/29 14 Parked Motor Vehicle 7 19130 130/30 45 Working Motor Vehicle Collision with Fixed Object: 16 10263 146/46 17 Boulder 2 10249 132/32 19 Building 1 10248 131/31 58 Ground 3 10250 133/33 20 Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion 18 10271 171/71 50 Bridge Overhead Structure 19 10272 172/72 21 Bridge Pier or Support 20 10273 173/73 23 Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) 4 10274 174/74 24 Guardrail Face 5 10275 175/75 52 Guardrail End 6 10253 136/36 25 Concrete Traffic Barrier 21 10276 176/76 57 Cable Barrier 22 10277 177/77 26 Other Traffic Barrier 23 10278 178/78 59 Traffic Sign Support 24 10279 179/79 46 Traffic Signal Support 7 10280 180/80 30 Utility Pole/Light Support 25 10281 181/81 31 Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports 26 10282 182/82 32 Culvert 9 10256 139/39 33 Curb 8 10283 183/83 34 Ditch 10 10257 140/40 35 Embankment 11 10258 141/41 38 Fence 12 10259 142/42 39 Wall 13 10260 143/43 40 Fire Hydrant 14 10261 144/44 41 Shrubbery 310 2010 V31 15 10262 145/45 42 Tree (Standing Only) 27 10284 184/84 48 Snow Bank 28 10285 185/85 53 Mail Box 17 10265 158/58 43 Other Fixed Object Not Reported and Unknown: 10297 197/97 98 Not Reported 19 10267 999/99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element is derived from the Crash Events Table. Recording of Crash Events ends at the last harmful event of the entire crash. Therefore, a non-harmful event (e.g., Crossing the Centerline) that occurs following the last harmful event of the crash will not be included. Correction to the Sequence Events order must be made by revision to the Crash Events Table. Definition: The events in sequence related to this motor vehicle, regardless of injury and/or property damage. Code each event for this vehicle in the order in which they occur, time wise, from the Police Accident Report (PAR) narrative and diagram. Non-Harmful Event: Equipment Failure (blown tire, brake failure, etc.) Examples of equipment failure include blown tires, brake failures, etc. Separation of Unit is used when a trailing unit separates from its power unit or another trailing unit(s). This applies to truck tractors with trailer(s), single-unit trucks with a trailer and other vehicles pulling a trailer (e.g., car pulling a boat or motor home). Ran Off Roadway-Right is used if the vehicle runs off the right side of the roadway. Identifi- cation of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. Ran Off Roadway-Left is used if the vehicle runs off the left side of the roadway. Identifi- cation of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. Coding Guideline for Running Off Road on Divided Highways On a divided highway, a vehicle can run off the roadway by leaving the roadway and entering the median. When this occurs, the proper “Ran Off Roadway” attribute is always Ran Off Roadway – Left. Ran Off Roadway – Left will also apply in situations where the vehicle traverses the median and continues across the opposing roadway. 2010 311 V31 Cross Median is used when a vehicle departs its roadway and traverses the median and enters the shoulder or travel lanes on the opposite side of a divided highway. Cross Centerline is used when a vehicle crosses over the centerline of a two-way, undivided highway. The centerline must be delineated with paint or raised markers. This also includes unstabilized situations involving vehicles completely crossing over a continuous left-turn lane. Downhill Runaway refers to any vehicle that cannot decelerate on a downhill grade. Vehicle Went Airborne must only be used if the officer indicates by narrative or diagram that the vehicle left the ground (excludes rollover). Examples: the vehicle drove off a cliff, the vehicle was launched into the air after striking another vehicle or after traversing a berm. Reentering Roadway is used when a vehicle that departed the roadway portion of the trafficway returns to the roadway (e.g., a motor vehicle in transport runs of the roadway right, strikes the guardrail face, then re-enters the roadway and collides with another motor vehicle in transport). Jackknife (non-harmful) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit. Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (non-harmful) refers specifically to the loss or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle or trailing unit, itself. This attribute should never be used: 1. to refer to a “collision” event (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) 2. to a harmful event related to the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants (see Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle)). Example: A load of logs on a tractor semi-trailer shifts as the truck rounds a curve resulting in an overturn.   Non-Collision: Rollover/Overturn is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter turn onto its side or end. For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient to code Rollover/Overturn as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even though data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. 312 2010 V31 FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial do not code a Rollover/Overturn if only the trailer portion of the combination overturns. Fire/Explosion is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash sequence or as a result of the crash. As it pertains to the occurrence of Fire/Explosion, the crash circumstances are not considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence. Immersion is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a body of water and results in injury or damage. Gas Inhalation includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport. Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit, causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants caused by the jackknife. Injured in Vehicle (non-collision) is used when an occupant is injured during an unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples: Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious. Pavement Surface Irregularity (ruts, potholes, grates, etc.) is used when the pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. If the impact is with a surface irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the attribute Ground. Other Non-Collision. Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes. 2010 313 V31 Example: Damage to the vehicle produced by its own dislodged vehicle parts (including hood flying up and contacting the windshield). Thrown or Falling Object is used when any object (1) is thrown (intentionally or unintentionally) and impacts an in-transport vehicle, or (2) falls onto, into, or in the path of an in-transport motor vehicle. If a tree limb falls from a tree and is contacted by a car, enter Thrown or Falling Object. If a person maliciously throws an object off an overpass into traffic below, enter Thrown or Falling Object. This excludes contacts made by loads or objects set in-motion by a motor vehicle (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport). Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) refers specifically to the loss or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle or trailing unit, itself. This attribute is only used when the injury- or damage-producing event in the crash is the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants. This attribute should never be used to refer to a “collision” event (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) . Example: A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup bed to smash through the rear window, causing the driver to lose control and run off the road, striking a tree. Fell/Jumped from Vehicle is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle in- transport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute. Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway. Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in- Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles should have this attribute in their Sequence of Events. In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a Motor Vehicle in-transport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered part of the vehicle. Examples: 1. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another motor vehicle in-transport, this is treated as a two-vehicle crash. Therefore, the proper code for both vehicles is Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set- in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport. 314 2010 V31 2. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another vehicle that is not in- transport, this is also treated as a two-vehicle crash; however in this example, the proper attribute is Parked Motor Vehicle or Working Motor Vehicle depending on which type of not in-transport vehicle was contacted by the load. 3. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes a pedestrian, the proper attribute would be Pedestrian. Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact outside the trafficway boundaries in a motor vehicle traffic crash. Example: A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling away from the pump in the station lot. Pedestrian is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a vehicle should be coded Pedestrian. A person being carried by another person should also be considered a Pedestrian. Pedalcyclist is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car. Railway Vehicle is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other than a railway. Inclusions: — Street car on private way Exclusions: — Street car operating on trafficway Live Animal is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device (see ANSI D16.1). Default to Live Animal if it cannot be determined if the struck animal is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device. Use Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance for ridden animals and animals drawing transport devices. See Other Object Not Fixed for an animal carcass lying in the roadway. Other Object (Not Fixed) refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines. Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance is used for pedestrians using personal conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a pedestrian for 2010 315 V31 personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling. Inclusions: 1) Rideable toys 2) Motorized rideable toys - Roller Skates, in- - Motorized skateboard line skates - Motorized toy car - Skateboards 3) Devices for personal mobility assistance - Skates - Segway-style devices - Baby carriage - Motorized and non-motorized wheelchair - Scooters - Handicapped scooters - Toy Wagons Exclusions: - Golf cart - Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs) - Go-carts - Minibike - “Pocket” motorcycles - Motor scooters - Moped Parked Motor Vehicle is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle in-transport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport. Working Motor Vehicle is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc. Examples: 1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or flattening dirt. 2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc. 3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway or maintaining a traffic signal. 4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new overpass. 5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway maintenance activity. 6. Street sweeper sweeping the street. 7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices warning motorists of the work activity. 316 2010 V31 8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence. NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash, mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle) to identify these vehicles. A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work activities. Boulder is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little and remains basically intact. It may be considered as a fixed object. Building is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the building. Ground is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion is a device for controlling the absorption of energy released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc. Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures. Bridge Overhead Structure is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling on a trafficway underneath it. Bridge Pier or Support is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or wood (includes the wing-walls). Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a 2010 317 V31 rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with parapet. • Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or even for a viaduct (water conduit). Guardrail Face is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from Concrete Traffic Barrier by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure. In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including concrete rails). Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as Bridge Rails. Guardrail End is coded if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face. Concrete Traffic Barrier refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete. This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see Wall. Cable Barrier refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles within the confines of the road. 318 2010 V31 Other Traffic Barrier is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and unknown barrier composition type. Traffic Sign Support is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the trafficway. Traffic Signal Support is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. Utility Pole/Light Support refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). Utility Pole/Light Support is used for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports. Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports is used for posts other than highway signs. (e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box posts, use Mail Box. Culvert is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc. Curb is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical. Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle strikes a curb. Ditch includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Embankment is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or concrete). An Embankment can usually be differentiated from a Wall by its incline whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a washout. In crashes involving a field approach or crossing, if in doubt about when to use Culvert, Ditch or Embankment use the following criteria: a. Use Ditch if the driver would not have been able to recover from the ditch even if there had been no field approach (crossing). b. Use Embankment if the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch, but struck the field approach (crossing) prior to doing so. c. Use Embankment if it is not known whether or not the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch and a field approach (crossing) is involved. Fence includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc 2010 319 V31 Wall is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included as a Wall are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion. This does not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as Bridge Pier or Support. Fire Hydrant refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire stand pipes in some areas. Shrubbery refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel. Tree (Standing Only) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes impacts from overhanging branches. If a vehicle strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use Other Object (Not Fixed). If a tree falls on a vehicle as it is passing by, use Thrown or Falling Object. Snow Bank is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments. Mail Box refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox, which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as Other Fixed Object. Other Fixed Object is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure) and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. Examples: • Bus shelters • Guy wires supporting utility poles • Pedestrian walkways • U. S. Mailbox for public use • Toll booths Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 320 2010 V32 MOST HARMFUL EVENT GES: V20/V20A FARS: V32 Screen Heading: Vehicle Crash Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Most Harmful Event (510-E) Long Name: What is the most harmful event for this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.V_Event, Vehicle.MHENum Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.MostHarmfulID, GES.Events.ObjectHitID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Non-Collision Most Harmful Events: 1 10231 101/1 01 Rollover/Overturn 2 10232 102/2 02 Fire/Explosion 3 10233 103/3 03 Immersion 4 19433 104/4 04 Gas Inhalation n/a 10234 5 51 Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) 6 19411 111/11 06 Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision) 7 19434 107/7 44 Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.) 9 10236 108/8 07 Other Non-Collision 10 10238 110/10 16 Thrown or Falling Object 10 19412 112/12 72 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) 11 19413 113/13 05 Fell/Jumped from Vehicle Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport: 5 10234 ? 6? 12 Motor Vehicle In-Transport 1 19654 154/54 54 Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport 7 10236 ? 7? 55 Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway Collision with Object Not Fixed: 1 10239 121/21 08 Pedestrian 2 10240 122/22 09 Pedalcyclist 3 10241 123/23 10 Railway Vehicle 2010 321 V32 4 10242 124/24 11 Live Animal 5 19449 149/49 49 Ridden Animal or Animal Drawn Conveyance 8 10246 128/28 18 Other Object (Not Fixed) 10 19436 127/27 15 Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance 6 19131 129/29 14 Parked Motor Vehicle 7 19130 130/30 45 Working Motor Vehicle Collision with Fixed Object: 16 10263 146/46 17 Boulder 2 10249 132/32 19 Building 1 10248 131/31 58 Ground 3 10250 133/33 20 Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion 18 10271 171/71 50 Bridge Overhead Structure 19 10272 172/72 21 Bridge Pier or Support 20 10273 173/73 23 Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) 4 10274 174/74 24 Guardrail Face 5 10275 175/75 52 Guardrail End 6 10253 136/36 25 Concrete Traffic Barrier 21 10276 176/76 57 Cable Barrier 22 10277 177/77 26 Other Traffic Barrier 23 10278 178/78 59 Traffic Sign Support 24 10279 179/79 46 Traffic Signal Support 7 10280 180/80 30 Utility Pole/Light Support 25 10281 181/81 31 Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports 26 10282 182/82 32 Culvert 9 10256 139/39 33 Curb 8 10283 183/83 34 Ditch 10 10257 140/40 35 Embankment 11 10258 141/41 38 Fence 12 10259 142/42 39 Wall 13 10260 143/43 40 Fire Hydrant n/a 10261 44 41 Shrubbery n/a 10262 45 42 Tree (Standing Only) 27 10284 184/84 48 Snow Bank 28 10285 185/85 53 Mail Box 17 10265 158/58 43 Other Fixed Object Not Reported and Unknown: XX 10297 197/97 98 Not Reported 19 10267 999/99 99 Unknown Remarks: This element identifies the event that resulted in the most severe injury or, if no injury, the greatest property damage involving this motor vehicle. Must be the major event FOR THIS VEHICLE, even if different from the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT. 322 2010 V32 Code for each vehicle. May be different for each vehicle. Code using the following hierarchy: (A) FATALITIES take precedence over INJURIES. 1. If this vehicle is involved in more than one event which causes fatality to its own occupants or to non-motorists, choose the event which causes the greatest number of fatalities to occupants of this vehicle or to non-motorists (not occupants of other vehicles). 2. If this vehicle is involved in more than one event that causes fatality to its own occupants or to non-motorists; and if there are an equal number of fatalities in each such event, choose the fatal event that is worst with respect to other injuries and property damage. 3. At last resort, choose the fatal event that occurred first, time-wise. (B) INJURIES take precedence over PROPERTY DAMAGE. 1. If the vehicle is not involved in events that cause fatality to its occupants or to non- motorist, choose the event that produces the worst injury. 2. If in doubt, choose the event with the greatest number of injuries. 3. If in doubt, choose the event that occurred first, time-wise. (C) If only PROPERTY DAMAGE results for this vehicle: 1. Choose the event causing the most damage. 2. If in doubt, choose the event that happened first, time-wise. Rollover/Overturn is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter turn onto its side or end. For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient to code Rollover/Overturn as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even though data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial do not code a Rollover/Overturn if only the trailer portion of the combination overturns. Fire/Explosion is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash sequence or as a result of the crash. 2010 323 V32 As it pertains to the occurrence of Fire/Explosion, the crash circumstances are not considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence. Immersion is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a body of water and results in injury or damage. Gas Inhalation includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport. Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit, causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants caused by the jackknife. Injured in Vehicle (non-collision) is used when an occupant is injured during an unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples: Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious. Pavement Surface Irregularity (ruts, potholes, grates, etc.) is used when the pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. If the impact is with a surface irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the attribute Ground. Other Non-Collision. Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes. Example: Damage to the vehicle produced by its own dislodged vehicle parts (including hood flying up and contacting the windshield). Thrown or Falling Object is used when any object (1) is thrown (intentionally or unintentionally) and impacts an in-transport vehicle, or (2) falls onto, into, or in the path of an in-transport motor vehicle. If a tree limb falls from a tree and is contacted by a car, enter Thrown or Falling Object. If a person maliciously throws an object off an overpass into traffic below, enter Thrown or Falling Object. This excludes contacts made by loads or objects set in-motion by a motor vehicle (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport). 324 2010 V32 Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle) refers specifically to the loss or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle or trailing unit, itself. This attribute is only used when the injury- or damage-producing event in the crash is the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants. This attribute should never be used to refer to a “collision” event (see Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport). Example: A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup bed to smash through the rear window, causing the driver to lose control and run off the road, striking a tree. Fell/Jumped from Vehicle is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle in- transport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute. Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway. Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in- Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles should have this attribute in their Sequence of Events. In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a Motor Vehicle in-transport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered part of the vehicle. Examples: 1. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another motor vehicle in-transport, this is treated as a two-vehicle crash. Therefore, the proper code for both vehicles is Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set- in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport. 2. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another vehicle that is not in- transport, this is also treated as a two-vehicle crash; however in this example, the proper attribute is Parked Motor Vehicle or Working Motor Vehicle depending on which type of not in-transport vehicle was contacted by the load. 3. If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes a pedestrian, the proper attribute would be Pedestrian. Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway is used when the injury- or damage- producing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact outside the trafficway boundaries in a motor vehicle traffic crash. Example: 2010 325 V32 A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling away from the pump in the station lot. Pedestrian is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a vehicle should be coded Pedestrian. A person being carried by another person should also be considered a Pedestrian. Pedalcyclist is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car. Railway Vehicle is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other than a railway. Inclusions: — Street car on private way Exclusions: — Street car operating on trafficway Live Animal is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device (see ANSI D16.1). Default to Live Animal if it cannot be determined if the struck animal is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device. Use Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance for ridden animals and animals drawing transport devices. See Other Object Not Fixed for an animal carcass lying in the roadway. Other Object (Not Fixed) refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines. Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance is used for pedestrians using personal conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling. Inclusions: 1) Rideable toys 2) Motorized rideable toys - Roller Skates, in-line skates - Motorized skateboard - Skateboards - Motorized toy car - Skates 3) Devices for personal mobility assistance - Baby carriage - Segway-style devices - Scooters - Motorized and non-motorized - Toy Wagons wheelchair - Handicapped scooters 326 2010 V32 Exclusions: - Golf cart - Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs) - Go-carts - Minibike - “Pocket” motorcycles - Motor scooters - Moped Parked Motor Vehicle is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle in-transport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport. Working Motor Vehicle is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc. Examples: 1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or flattening dirt. 2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc. 3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway or maintaining a traffic signal. 4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new overpass. 5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway maintenance activity. 6. Street sweeper sweeping the street. 7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices warning motorists of the work activity. 8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence. NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash, mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle) to identify these vehicles. 2010 327 V32 A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work activities. Boulder is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little and remains basically intact. It may be considered as a fixed object. Building is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the building. Ground is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway. Ground is not to be entered when the harmful event is Rollover/Overturn. Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion is a device for controlling the absorption of energy released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc. Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures. Bridge Overhead Structure is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling on a trafficway underneath it. Bridge Pier or Support is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or wood (includes the wing-walls). Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with parapet. • Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or even for a viaduct (water conduit). 328 2010 V32 Guardrail Face is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from Concrete Traffic Barrier by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure. In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including concrete rails). Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as Bridge Rails. Guardrail End is coded if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face. Concrete Traffic Barrier refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete. This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see Wall. Cable Barrier refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles within the confines of the road. Other Traffic Barrier is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and unknown barrier composition type. 2010 329 V32 Traffic Sign Support is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the trafficway. Traffic Signal Support is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. Utility Pole/Light Support refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). Utility Pole/Light Support is used for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports. Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports is used for posts other than highway signs. (e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box posts, use Mail Box. Culvert is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc. Curb is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical. Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle strikes a curb. Ditch includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Embankment is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or concrete). An Embankment can usually be differentiated from a Wall by its incline whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a washout. In crashes involving a field approach or crossing, if in doubt about when to use Culvert, Ditch or Embankment use the following criteria: a. Use Ditch if the driver would not have been able to recover from the ditch even if there had been no field approach (crossing). b. Use Embankment if the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch, but struck the field approach (crossing) prior to doing so. c. Use Embankment if it is not known whether or not the driver would have been able to recover from the ditch and a field approach (crossing) is involved. Fence includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc Wall is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included as a Wall are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion. This does 330 2010 V32 not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as Bridge Pier or Support. Fire Hydrant refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire stand pipes in some areas. Shrubbery refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel. Tree (Standing Only) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes impacts from overhanging branches. If a vehicle strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use Other Object (Not Fixed). If a tree falls on a vehicle as it is passing by, use Thrown or Falling Object. Snow Bank is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments. Mail Box refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox, which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as Other Fixed Object. Other Fixed Object is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure) and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. Examples: • Bus shelters • Pedestrian walkways • Toll booths • Guy wires supporting utility poles • U. S. Mailbox for public use Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 2010 331 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 332 2010 V33 RELATED FACTORS – VEHICLE LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:V33 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric occurring 2 times Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 32 Vehicle Registration for Handicapped X X X 33 Vehicle Being Pushed by Non-Motorist X X X 35 Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle X X X 36 Electric/Alternative Fuel Vehicle X X X 37 Transporting Children To/From Head Start/Day Care X X X 39 Highway Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In-Transport (Inside or Outside Work Zone) X X X 40 Highway Incident Response Vehicle X X X 41 Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities X X X 42 Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle) X X X 44 Adaptive Equipment X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Related Factors Examples 00 None Special Vehicle Flags: 32 Vehicle Registration for Vehicle registered and/or specially equipped for the Handicapped handicapped. This can be derived from vehicle registration. Excludes placards which can be moved from one vehicle to the other. 2010 333 V33 Related Factors Examples 33 Vehicle Being Pushed by Non- This code supports Related Factors-Crash Level Motorist code Vehicle Set-in-Motion by Non-Driver. 35 Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle Home-made vehicle from vehicle components A vehicle reconstructed/altered by the owner; example: a two-wheel motorcycle converted to a three-wheel motorcycle, additional of enhancement performance engine chips or accessories, significant altering of suspension system (i.e., “monster trucks,” “low riders”). May have standard VIN or the State may issue a number in place of the VIN for their registration. 36 Electric/Alternative Fuel Vehicle Vehicles fueled by rechargeable batteries, solar fuel, fuel cells, or any other fuel source (or combination of fuel sources) other than gasoline or diesel fuel. Includes vehicles fueled by alternative fuels in conjunction with gasoline or diesel fuel (e.g., Hybrid). 37 Transporting Children To/From Not intended for children transported to daycare by Head Start/Day Care family/friends in personal vehicles. Applies to children transported to Day Care/Head Start in vehicles arranged, operated or owned by Head Start or Day Care Program. 39 Highway Construction, Do not use this code when the vehicle is working. Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In- Only use while the vehicle is “in-transport.” For Transport (Inside or Outside Work example, while moving from job site to job site. Zone) Private construction excluded unless you know it is performing state or local contracted highway construction, maintenance or utility work. Refers to readily identifiable (lights, markings) vehicle in-transport at the time of the crash, which is owned by any local, county, state or federal agency. 40 Highway Incident Response State government-owned vehicles, whose function Vehicle is to drive the major highways to assist motorists with flat tires, provide gas, etc. Could be called: DOT Help, Good Samaritans, Courtesy Patrol, Motorist Assist Vehicle, etc. 334 2010 V33 Related Factors Examples 41 Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Police car, fire truck or ambulance at the scene of a Working at the Scene of an crash. Emergency or Performing Other Fire truck at the scene of a fire. Traffic Control Activities Police car leading or trailing a convoy or funeral. Police car blocking the entrance to a parade route. Police car at a check point. 42 Other Working Vehicle (Not Garbage truck picking up trash. Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Personal pickup with a snow blade plowing. Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle) UPS or postal vehicle stopped in the roadway while making a delivery. 44 Adaptive Equipment Special adaptive equipment for handicapped operator(s) of this vehicle. Examples of adaptive equipment are: Extended brake/gas pedals, special steering apparatus, hand brakes or accelerator, etc. 99 Unknown Remarks: Care must be used to distinguish vehicle conditions from Related Factors-Driver Level. Driver irresponsibility will be explicitly stated in police report for coding as a Related Factors-Driver Level. Vehicle conditions include manufacturer defects, driver’s changes that are defective, and maintenance conditions. Related Factors-Driver Level Operating Without Required Equipment can be coded in conjunction with vehicle level conditions. Factors 32-44 are flags used to identify this vehicle as one with special circumstances. They do not necessarily imply that this circumstance caused the crash. Use of None Use when no factors are noted; zero-fill all fields. None implies that the investigating officer indicated “no factors.” Also, use None to complete remaining fields when you will be recording less than two related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Use of Unknown Use when Unknown is reported for the vehicle condition in the Police Accident Report itself and none of the special circumstances exist. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. 2010 335 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 336 2010 V34 FIRE OCCURRENCE GES: V16 FARS:V34 Screen Heading: Vehicle Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Fire (480-E) Long Name: Does this vehicle sustain fire damage? SAS Name: Vehicle.Fire Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Fire ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 2 0 0 No or Not Reported 2 3 1 1 Yes Remarks: For the purposes of this element, “vehicle” is defined to mean the power unit plus any and all trailing units associated with the power unit. If it cannot be determined that a fire occurred in the vehicle during the crash, use No or Not Reported. Yes is used when the case materials indicate that this vehicle sustained fire damage. In a multi-vehicle crash where a fire occurs, only the vehicles sustaining fire damage should be coded as Yes. Fires that begin in a vehicle before the first impact may be counted. If fire damage is produced, Fire/Explosion would be the first harmful event. If the Most Harmful Event for this vehicle is Fire/Explosion, or a fire in the vehicle is produced by damage in the crash, use Yes. The involved vehicles may be at rest for a short period of time. If the vehicles are at rest long enough to raise a question about the fire’s relationship to the crash’s damage-producing events, use No or Not Reported. 2010 337 V34 Examples for Fire Occurrence: Examples: Code V#1 – Yes 1. Car (V#1) strikes tank truck (V#2) in rear, the car catches on fire with no V#2 – No or fire occurring for the tank truck. Not Reported 2. Vehicle #1 catches fire, causing driver to strike vehicle #2. V#1 – Yes V#2 – No or Not Reported 3. Vehicle #1 catches fire, causing driver to stop vehicle in roadway and all V#1 – No or occupants exit vehicle. Two minutes later, a second car (V#2) rear-ends Not Reported the stopped car and its driver is killed from collision. (codes reflect the V#2 – No or second crash.) Not Reported 338 2010 DRIVER LEVEL Element Page Element Page D3 Vehicle Number 339 D15 Previous Recorded Suspen- 377 D4 Driver Presence 341 sions and Revocations D5 Driver’s License State 343 D16 Previous DWI Convictions 377 D6 Driver’s Zip Code 347 D17 Previous Speeding 377 D7 Non-CDL License Type 349 Convictions Status D18 Previous Other Harmful MV 377 D8 Commercial Motor Vehicle 357 Convictions License Status D19 Date of FIRST Crash, 381 D9 Compliance with CDL 361 Suspension, Conviction Endorsements D20 Date of LAST Crash, 381 D10 License Compliance with 365 Suspension, Conviction Class of Vehicle D21 Violations Charged 383 D11 Compliance with License 369 D22 Speed Related 387 Restrictions D23 Condition (Impairment) 389 D12 Driver Height 371 at Time of Crash D13 Driver Weight 375 D24 Related Factors – Driver 393 D14 Previous Recorded Crashes 377 Level THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK D3 VEHICLE NUMBER – DRIVER LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:D3 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 000- 999 Remarks: Must be coded on an original submission System-Generated (MDE System Only) See Vehicle Number-Vehicle Level for assignments numbers. FOR DRIVERLESS, PARKED/STOPPED OFF ROADWAY/WORKING MOTOR VEHICLES AND MOTOR VEHICLES IN MOTION OUTSIDE THE TRAFFICWAY, ONLY CODE DRIVER PRESENCE (D4) AND RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL (D24) 2010 339 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 340 2010 D4 DRIVER PRESENCE GES: D01 FARS:D4 Screen Heading: Vehicle Occupants Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Driver Presence (680-R) Long Name: Was a Driver Present in the vehicle at the Time of the Crash? SAS Name: Vehicle.Dr_Pres Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.DriverPresenceID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26871 0 0 No Driver Present/Not Applicable 2 26872 1 1 Yes 4 26874 9 9 Unknown Remarks: No Driver Present/Not Applicable is used when there is no person who was controlling this vehicle at the time of the crash. Yes is used when there is a person who is physically controlling the vehicle at the onset of the unstabilized situation for this crash. Do not use this attribute for a child sitting in the driver’s seat unless the case materials indicate the child was in control of the vehicle. Hit-and-run drivers are included in this attribute. A driver under medical distress would be included. Unknown is used when it is unknown if there was a driver present in the vehicle at the time of the crash. This attribute includes when a person was in the vehicle, but it is unknown if the person was the driver. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Also use attribute 0 – No Driver Present/Not Applicable when Unit Type for this vehicle is not a motor vehicle in-transport (Unit Type codes “2, 3, 4”). Use this code regardless of the presence of an occupant in the driver’s seat. If coded No Driver Present/Not Applicable or Unknown, all other elements on the Driver Level must be left blank except Related Factors-Driver Level that are coded “00”. A Person 2010 341 D4 Level - Occupant of a Motor Vehicle form with Person Type equal to Driver of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport must not be submitted for that vehicle. 342 2010 D5 DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE GES: D10 FARS:D5 Screen Heading: Driver Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Driver License State (822-E) Long Name: What is the driver license State? SAS Name: :Vehicle.DLState Oracle Name: GES.Driver.LicState ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 61 98 98 00 No Driver Present 2 AL 01 01 Alabama 1 AK 02 02 Alaska 4 AS 03 03 American Samoa 5 AZ 04 04 Arizona 3 AR 05 05 Arkansas 6 CA 06 06 California 7 CO 08 08 Colorado 8 CT 09 09 Connecticut 10 DE 10 10 Delaware 9 DC 11 11 District of Columbia 11 FL 12 12 Florida 12 GA 13 13 Georgia 13 GU 14 14 Guam 14 HI 15 15 Hawaii 16 ID 16 16 Idaho 17 IL 17 17 Illinois 18 IN 18 18 Indiana 15 IA 19 19 Iowa 19 KS 20 20 Kansas 20 KY 21 21 Kentucky 21 LA 22 22 Louisiana 24 ME 23 23 Maine 23 MD 24 24 Maryland 22 MA 25 25 Massachusetts 25 MI 26 26 Michigan 26 MN 27 27 Minnesota 28 MS 28 28 Mississippi 2010 343 D5 27 MO 29 29 Missouri 29 MT 30 30 Montana 32 NE 31 31 Nebraska 36 NV 32 32 Nevada 33 NH 33 33 New Hampshire 34 NJ 34 34 New Jersey 35 NM 35 35 New Mexico 37 NY 36 36 New York 30 NC 37 37 North Carolina 31 ND 38 38 North Dakota 38 OH 39 39 Ohio 39 OK 40 40 Oklahoma 40 OR 41 41 Oregon 41 PA 42 42 Pennsylvania 42 PR 43 43 Puerto Rico 43 RI 44 44 Rhode Island 44 SC 45 45 South Carolina 45 SD 46 46 South Dakota 46 TN 47 47 Tennessee 47 TX 48 48 Texas 48 UT 49 49 Utah 51 VT 50 50 Vermont 49 VA 51 51 Virginia 50 VI 52 52 Virgin Islands 52 WA 53 53 Washington 54 WV 54 54 West Virginia 53 WI 55 55 Wisconsin 55 WY 56 56 Wyoming 56 93 93 93 Indian Nation 57 94 94 94 U.S. Government 58 95 95 95 Canada 59 96 96 96 Mexico 60 97 97 97 Other Foreign Country 77 77 77 98 Not Reported 62 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: If no license is required or driver is not licensed, use the resident State of the driver. U.S. Government is used to indicate the license was issued by the U.S. Government, such as military or State Department Foreign Service. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. 344 2010 D5 Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 345 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 346 2010 D6 DRIVER’S ZIP CODE GES: D08 FARS:D6 Screen Heading: Driver Data Format: 5 numeric Screen Name: Zip Code (730-E) Long Name: What is the driver’s zip code? SAS Name: Vehicle.DZipCode Oracle Name: GES.Driver.Zipcode ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 00000 00000 00000 00000 Not a resident of U.S. or Territories xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx nnnnn Actual Value 99998 99998 99998 99998 No Driver Present * 99999 99999 99999 Unknown Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Code only the first five digits of nine-digit zip codes. Use the following guidelines to resolve discrepancies between the Police Accident Report (PAR) and Driver License File: • If the street address is the same on both sources but the zip codes differ, use the zip code from the License File. If you have access to a Zip Code Directory, confirm the address with that. • If the street addresses on the two sources differ, then use the zip code for the address reported on the PAR. • If you have both a residence address and a different mailing address (e.g., a P.O. Box) use the zip code for the residence address. If the PAR indicates an address in-state and a driver’s license from another state is recorded (with a different residence address), attempt to determine the most current address for the driver. If the most current address cannot be determined, use the zip code that corresponds to the address from the DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE. 2010 347 D6 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: For the purposes of this variable, a driver is considered to reside at the address listed on the police accident report. This address was most likely taken from the driver's license given to the police officer and/or from the licensing state's driver license file. If the driver's address is present and the ZIP code is missing or not available, then determine the correct ZIP code by using the two volume National Five Digit Zip Code & Post Office Directory. Not Resident of US or Territories is used when the address found on the PAR indicates that the driver resides at an address which has not been assigned a ZIP code by the US Post Office. No Driver Present is used when there is no driver in this vehicle. Unknown is used whenever the ZIP cannot be determined. For example, use this attribute when no information is provided on the PAR about the driver (e.g., hit-and-run). In addition, use this code if the driver, licensed or not, has no permanent address. For example, the driver could be living out of his/her vehicle (camper, motor home, etc.) or the driver could be “homeless.” If a ZIP CODE is listed on the PAR but it is not a valid number use Unknown. 348 2010 D7 NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE/STATUS GES: XXX FARS: D7 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric occurring 2 times. Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Type: X X X 0 Not Licensed X X X 1 Full Driver License X X X 2 Intermediate Driver License X X X 7 Learner’s Permit X X X 8 Temporary License X X X 9 Unknown License Type Status: X X X 0 Not Licensed X X X 1 Suspended X X X 2 Revoked X X X 3 Expired X X X 4 Canceled or Denied X X X 6 Valid X X X 9 Unknown License Status Source: Official driver record and police report. Official driver records take precedence over police- reported information. Remarks: Prior to 1993, this element was Driver License Status and included codes “5 – Valid-Single Class” and “6 – Valid-Multiple Class.” 2010 349 D7 Starting in 2004, this element was modified to capture both non-CDL license type and status to accommodate graduated driver license (GDL) programs. This element is used to establish the driver’s license type and status for all license classes except the commercial driver’s license (CDL). It also captures the type and status of the NON-CDL driving privilege for drivers with CDLs. The NON-CDL License Type/Status is coded for all drivers, including drivers with a CDL. Use the “Type” field to record whether the driver has a full driver’s license, intermediate driver’s license, learner’s permit, temporary license, or is not licensed. Use the “Status” field to record if the license is valid, suspended, revoked, expired, canceled or denied. When involved drivers are in the military, the analyst should be cautious because some States automatically (without driver application) renew drivers’ licenses or extend the license until the individual is discharged. Each state analyst should be familiar with their state’s policy on military personnel and code these license variables accordingly. In addition, when out-of-state driver requests are made the analyst requesting the data should note that the driver is in the military. Not Licensed (for both Type and Status). Not Licensed should be used only when it has been reasonably established that the driver is not licensed (anywhere). Takes precedence over all other NON-CDL License Type/Status attributes. Drivers who have a license but fail to have their license with them at the time of the crash should be coded according to the type (class) of license they possess and the validity of the license. If the police report indicates that the driver has “no license,” the analyst should first determine whether this means that the person was not in possession of his/her license at the time of the crash, or that the driver is not a registered motor vehicle operator. A review of the violations cited section of the police report may yield some clues in this matter. If the person is cited for not possessing his/her license or for not having one, then code this information in variables D21 and D24, Violations Charged and Related Factors-Driver Level. If the analyst is uncertain as to whether or not the person possesses a license, then code Unknown should be used. NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE REMARKS: Full Driver License is used for unlimited driving privileges (with no GDL restrictions). This is based on your state’s eligibility guidelines. Learner’s Permit and Intermediate Driver License are the first two stages of a tiered licensing process that allows young drivers to obtain full driver license privileges through safe driving practices. Typical restrictions include minimum age requirements, passing vision/ knowledge tests, and supervision by adult driver over the age of 21. Other requirements may include limiting the number of passenger in the vehicle, occupants must wear seatbelts, zero alcohol tolerance and no at-fault crashes or convictions for a period of time. 350 2010 D7 NOTE: Beginning in 2004, if Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License has expired, code Type as Intermediate Driver License or Learner’s Permit and Status as Expired. (Prior to 2004, an expired Learner’s Permit was coded as Not Licensed). NOTE: It is important that you know your state’s Graduated Driver License restrictions. GDL program restrictions vary from state-to-state. Intermediate Driver License is the second stage of obtaining a full license privilege. It is typically for drivers between the ages of 16 and 17, and does not require total supervision during daylight hours (e.g., adult supervision during the hours of midnight to 5 am). An Intermediate Driver License may be suspended or revoked under certain violations. Other conditions may include conviction-free performance, seat-belt use for occupants, and some age restrictions for passengers. If any restriction is violated, this GDL restriction period can be extended. NOTE: Intermediate Driver License does not apply for states that do not have a GDL program. However, your state may have a Learner’s Permit. Also, your state may not use the name “Intermediate Driver License” and may call it something else. NOTE: Learner’s Permit is the first stage of obtaining a full license privilege. It is typically for drivers between 14 and 16 years of age, and typically requires total adult supervision, seat-belt use for occupants, and conviction-free performance. If any restriction is violated, this GDL restriction period can be extended. Temporary License includes any type of non-permanent license issued for a period of time less than that for a permanent license (e.g., temporary license to drive within a resort area; temporary license issued to foreign nationals). Short-term permanent licenses are not temporary (e.g., license issued to elderly drivers requiring frequent re-testing). Learner’s Permit and Intermediate Driver License held by young drivers awaiting a Full Driver’s License are not to be coded Temporary License. Unknown License Type should be used when the type of the license is unknown. Unknown License Type is also used when it is unknown whether the driver had a license or not (e.g., hit- and-run). NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS REMARKS: Not Licensed should be used only when it has been reasonably established that the driver is not registered (anywhere). Not Licensed takes precedence over all other Non-CDL License Status Codes. Drivers who have a license but fail to have their license with them at the time of the crash should be coded according to the type (class) of license they possess and the validity of the license. If the police report indicates that the driver has “no license,” the analyst should first determine whether this means that the person was not in possession of his/her license at the time of the crash, or that the driver is not a registered motor vehicle operator. A review of the violations cited section of the police report may yield some clues in this matter. If the person is cited for not 2010 351 D7 possessing his/her license or for not having one, then code this information in variables D21 and D24, Violations Charged and Related Factors-Driver Level. If the analyst is uncertain as to whether or not the person possesses a license, then code Unknown should be used. Suspended, Revoked or Expired are used if a Full Driver’s License* is suspended, revoked, or expired. An Intermediate Driver License may be Suspended or Revoked under certain violations. If Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License has expired, the attribute Expired. Examples: If a Full Driver License is revoked or suspended but limited driving is permitted (e.g., to and from work), use the following criteria: a. If the crash occurs during permitted times of driving, code Non-CDL License Type as Full Driver License and Status as Valid, code Compliance With License Restrictions as Restrictions Complied With, and code Related Factors-Driver Level as Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License. b. If the crash occurs during invalid times for driving, code Non-CDL License Type as Full Driver License and Status as Suspended or Revoked, code Compliance With License Restrictions as Restriction Not Complied With, and do not use Related Factors-Driver Level as Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License. Suspended takes precedence over all other License Status codes, except Not Licensed. Canceled or Denied is used whenever the driver’s official driver record indicates the driver’s license* (1) was canceled; or (2) the driver’s request for license, or an extension of one, was denied. Valid refers to any license held by the driver that is valid for a class of vehicle*. If the driver is in violation of some aspect of his/her license (e.g., one of the restrictions) do not consider the license as being not valid. Record the restriction on element Compliance with License Restrictions if applicable. If the police cite the driver for the violation, then the information would be recorded under elements D21 and D24 (Violations Charged and/or Related Factors-Driver Level). Unknown License Status should be used when the status of the license is unknown. Unknown License Status is also used when it is unknown whether the driver had a license or not (e.g., hit-and-run). See reference table for coding elements D7 and D10, following the remarks section of element (D10) License Compliance With Class Of Vehicle. IMPORTANT NOTE: In distinguishing license requirements from restrictions focus upon whether or not all drivers possessing the type of license are mandated to obey the requirement. If they are, then the 352 2010 D7 requirement is not a restriction, but rather part of the definition of the license. Restrictions, on the other hand, are requirements specific to individual drivers. See the following tables for additional guidance for coding Non-CDL License Type/Status for young drivers with GDL License (Learner’s Permit and Intermediate Driver Licenses) and CDL Drivers: 2010 353 D7 D7 D7 D8 D10 D11 Coding Scenarios for CDL Licenses Non-CDL Non- CMV Comp Comp. w/ Type CDL Status w/ Restriction Status Class 1. CDL w/no endorsement valid, driving a CDL vehicle 1 6 6 3 0 (no endorsement required). Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 2. CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid driving 1 6 6 3 1 CDL vehicle w/hazardous cargo. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 3. CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid driving 1 6 6 3 0 non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 4. CDL w/ no endorsements suspended, driving a CDL 1 6 1 2 2 (double bottom) vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 5. CDL w/tanker endorsement, disqualified, driving a 1 1 5 2 1 tanker. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 6. CDL w/tanker endorsement suspended, driving a non- 1 6 1 3 0 CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 7. Non-CDL license driving CDL 24 passenger bus. 1 6 0 2 2 Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 8. Non-CDL license driving 24 passenger bus. Non-CDL 1 1 0 2 2 License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 9. *CDL w/no endorsements valid, driving CDL vehicle 1 1 6 8 9 (endorsement requirement unknown). Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 10. *CDL w/no endorsements *CDL w/tanker 1 1 6 2 0 endorsements valid, driving non-CDL vehicle. Non- CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 11. *CDL w/tanker endorsements valid, driving non-CDL 1 1 6 2 0 vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. * possible, but unlikely situation 354 2010 D7 CODING SCENARIOS FOR NON- NON- COMPLIANCE RELATED GRADUATED DRIVER’S CDL CDL WITH LICENSE FACTORS- LICENSING PROGRAM TYPE STATUS RESTRICTIONS DRIVER LEVEL 1. A 16-year-old driver with a valid 2 6 2 73, 74 Intermediate License driving a vehicle during prohibited driving hours without corrective lenses. 2. A 15-year-old with a valid Learner’s 7 6 2 73 Permit driving alone (adult supervision required). 3. A 16-year-old with a valid Intermediate 2 6 2 73 License not complying with seat-belt requirement during permitted daytime driving hours. 4. A 17-year-old driver with a valid 2 6 2 73 Intermediate License. The officer reported there was a 19-year-old non-family passenger, in violation of the state’s GDL requirements. 5. An 18-year-old driver with an expired 7 3 1 00 Learner’s Permit driving with no violations of GDL restrictions. 6. A 15-year-old with a suspended Learner’s 7 1 2 74 Permit is driving without required prescription lenses, and is complying with all GDL restrictions. 7. A driver with a suspended Intermediate 2 3 1 00 Driver’s License complying with all GDL restrictions. 8. A 19-year-old with a valid Intermediate 2 6 2 73 License which was extended due to prior GDL violations is driving a truck greater than 26,000 lbs. requiring a CDL during prohibited hours. 9. A driver with a valid Full Driver’s License 1 6 2 74 driving without required corrective lenses. 2010 355 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 356 2010 D8 COMMERICIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS GES: XXX FARS:D8 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 No (CDL) X X X 01 Suspended X X X 02 Revoked X X X 03 Expired X X X 04 Canceled or Denied X X X 05 Disqualified X X X 06 Valid X X X 07 Learner’s Permit X X X 08 Other - Not Valid X X X 98 Not Reported X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: This element indicates the status for a driver’s Commercial Driver’s License (CDL). As of April 1, 1992, all states require a driver to have a CDL for driving a commercial motor vehicle in excess of 26,000 pounds; or for transporting hazardous materials in sufficient amounts to be placarded; or for transporting 16 or more passengers, including the driver. See the table on the following page for guidance on coding this element and related driver status elements. Disqualified is used for commercial drivers who have their CDL privilege taken away for violations against the federal regulations. Although similar to suspension, the reasons for “disqualification” of a CDL may differ from state suspension reasons. 2010 357 D8 Other - Not Valid should be used when a CDL is surrendered or not valid due to the lack of medical clearance. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 358 2010 D8 D7 D7 D8 D10 D11 Coding Scenarios for CDL Licenses Non- Non- CMV Comp Comp. CDL CDL Status w/ w/ Type Status Class Restrict ion 1. CDL w/no endorsement valid, driving a CDL vehicle 1 6 6 3 0 (no endorsement required). Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 2. CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid 1 6 6 3 1 driving CDL vehicle w/hazardous cargo. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 3. CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid 1 6 6 3 0 driving non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 4. CDL w/ no endorsements suspended, driving a CDL 1 6 1 2 2 (double bottom) vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 5. CDL w/tanker endorsement, disqualified, driving a 1 1 5 2 1 tanker. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 6. CDL w/tanker endorsement suspended, driving a 1 6 1 3 0 non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 7. Non-CDL license driving CDL 24 passenger bus. 1 6 0 2 2 Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid. 8. Non-CDL license driving 24 passenger bus. Non- 1 1 0 2 2 CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 9. *CDL w/no endorsements valid, driving CDL vehicle 1 1 6 8 9 (endorsement requirement unknown). Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 10. *CDL w/no endorsements *CDL w/tanker 1 1 6 2 0 endorsements valid, driving non-CDL vehicle. Non- CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 11. *CDL w/tanker endorsements valid, driving non-CDL 1 1 6 2 0 vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended. 2010 359 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 360 2010 D9 COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS GES: XXX FARS:D9 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 No Endorsements Required for the vehicle X X X 1 Endorsement(s) Required, complied with X X X 2 Endorsement(s) Required, not complied with X X X 3 Endorsement(s) Required, compliance unknown X X X 8 Not Reported X X X 9 Unknown, if required Remarks: This element indicates whether the vehicle driven at the time of the crash requires endorsement(s) on a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) and whether this driver is complying with the CDL endorsements. These endorsements include: double/triple bottoms, passenger vehicles with 16 passengers, tank, hazardous materials, combined tank/hazardous materials, and others. This element is to be coded independently from CDL Status. The driver is not automatically failing to comply with a CDL endorsement by not having a valid CDL. No Endorsements Required for the vehicle is used when this vehicle requires no special endorsement on a CDL or requires no CDL to operate. Endorsement(s) Required, complied with is used when this vehicle requires a CDL and requires a particular endorsement or set of endorsements, and the driver has a CDL and is in compliance with the specific endorsements. (Note: The status of the CDL is not used in determining if the driver has complied with the endorsement.) Endorsement(s) Required, not complied with is used when this vehicle requires a CDL and particular endorsement(s) on the CDL, but the driver does not have a CDL or does not have the particular endorsement(s) required for the vehicle driven. The driver may have some other endorsement(s). (Note: The status of the CDL is not used in determining if the driver has complied with the endorsement.) 2010 361 D9 Endorsement(s) Required, compliance unknown is used when this vehicle requires a CDL and particular endorsement(s) on the CDL, but it is not known whether the driver was in compliance with the particular endorsement(s) or it is not known whether the driver had a CDL. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown, if required is used when it is unknown whether a driver is required to have an endorsement on a CDL to operate the crash vehicle. The driver may or may not have a CDL. The table on the following page provides guidance for coding this element for the type of license and vehicle driven in the crash: 362 2010 D9 DRIVER LICENSE VEHICLE DRIVEN IN THE CRASH D9 NON-CDL AUTOMOBILE 0 NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT 2 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 CDL W/NO AUTOMOBILE 0 ENDORSEMENT NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT 2 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 CDL W/ AUTOMOBILE 0 ENDORSEMENT NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, MATCHING ENDORSEMENT 1 CDL, W/DIFFERENT ENDORSEMENT 2 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 CDL, ENDORSEMENT AUTOMOBILE 0 UNKNOWN NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT 3 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 CDL UNKNOWN AUTOMOBILE 0 NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT 3 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 NOT LICENSED AUTOMOBILE 0 NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS 0 CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT 0 CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT 2 CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED 9 2010 363 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 364 2010 D10 LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE GES: XXX FARS: D10 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not licensed X X X 1 No license required for this class vehicle X X X 2 No valid license for this class vehicle X X X 3 Valid license for this class vehicle X X X 7 Not Reported X X X 8 Unknown if CDL and/or CDL endorsement required for this vehicle. X X X 9 Unknown Source: Official driver record and police report. Official driver records take precedence over police reported information. Remarks: This element refers to the type of license possessed or not possessed by the driver for the class of vehicle being driven at the time of the crash. This element is coded according to the driver’s Non-CDL License Status when driving a vehicle not requiring a CDL and to the driver’s Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status when driving a vehicle requiring a CDL. Also see Remarks for D7 on military personnel. Not licensed should be used only when it has been reasonably established that the driver is not licensed (anywhere) and where D7 equals Not licensed. Drivers who have a license but fail to have their license with them at the time of the crash should be coded according to the type of license they possess and the class of vehicle they were driving. Not licensed should 2010 365 D10 not be used in this instance. If the police report indicates that the driver has “no license,” the analyst must first determine whether this means the person was not in possession of his/her license at the time of the crash or that the driver is not a licensed motor vehicle operator. A review of the violations cited section of the police report might yield some clues in this matter. If the person is cited for not possessing his/her license or for not having one, then code this information in variables D21 and D24 (Violations Charged and Related Factors-Driver Level). If the analyst is uncertain as to whether or not the person possesses a license, then attribute Unknown should be used. No license required for this class vehicle means that a license was not required for the vehicle being driven (e.g., mopeds in some states). No valid license for this class vehicle may be used for suspended, revoked, canceled or expired driving privileges. It also refers to drivers with a valid license but not for the class of vehicle driven at the time of the crash. As an example, the driver has an “operator’s license” when a “public passenger” type license is required. For this driver, No valid license for this class vehicle should be coded. Another common situation occurs when a separate license is required for a motorcycle. If the driver possesses a valid license for a passenger car but not for the motorcycle, then No valid license for this class vehicle should be used if the driver was involved in this crash while driving a motorcycle. A license (or a portion of the license applicable to the class vehicle driven) that is not in effect because of some action taken by the State, such as suspended, revoked, etc., is not to be coded as valid. Similarly, learner’s permits that are not used under the proper conditions (for example, a required licensed driver for the class of vehicle driven is not present to accompany the driver involved) are not to be coded as valid either. No valid license for this class vehicle should be used for suspended, revoked, disqualified, canceled or expired CDL licenses when the vehicle requires a CDL (see table for Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Valid license for this class vehicle refers to the class of vehicle being driven. As an example, the driver has a “motorcycle” driver’s license only and was driving a motorcycle at the time of the crash; Valid license for this class vehicle should be used. On the other hand, a driver might possess a multiple-class license allowing him or her to drive a passenger car as well as a motorcycle. If the vehicle being driven at the time of the crash is a passenger car, 366 2010 D10 also code this element Valid license for this class vehicle. If the vehicle driver requires a CDL and the CDL status is valid, use code Valid license for this class vehicle. Unknown if CDL and/or CDL endorsement required for the vehicle should be used if it cannot be determined if the vehicle driven requires a CDL or CDL endorsement. There should be sufficient cause to suspect the need for a CDL or CDL endorsement to use this code, such as the vehicle’s size (26,001 lbs. or more), configuration (tractor/trailer, combinations, tankers, etc.), or possibly hauling hazardous cargo. Unknown should be used when the driver has a license but the type or validity are uncertain or if it is unknown whether the driver had a license or not (e.g., hit-and-run). A cross-reference table for coding variables D7 and D10 follows. Consult this table only when the driver is operating a vehicle that does not require a CDL. Cross Reference Table for D7 and D10 D7 (Status) D10 0 1 2 3 8 9 0 Y Y N N N N 1 N Y Y N N N 2 N Y Y N N N 3 N Y Y N N N 4 N Y Y N N N 6 N Y Y Y N Y 9 N Y N N N Y Y = Valid Combination N = Invalid Combination REMINDER: D7 = Applies to any license entry in the driver’s record (except CDL) D10 = Applies to this vehicle only 2010 367 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 368 2010 D11 COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS GES: XXX FARS:D11 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 No Restrictions or Not Applicable X X X 1 Restrictions Complied With X X X 2 Restrictions Not Complied With X X X 3 Restrictions, Compliance Unknown X X X 8 Not Reported X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Refers to both physical restrictions (corrective lenses, automatic transmission, etc.) and imposed restrictions (limited driving). Starting in 2004, it also refers to any limitations imposed on Learner’s Permits and Intermediate Licenses in states with Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) programs. (e.g., driving during prohibited periods [midnight to 5 AM]; driving without adult supervision, etc.). (See “Coding Scenarios for GDL Licensing Program” table on next page.) Code all applicable restrictions regardless of license status. Examples: If a Full Driver License is revoked or suspended but limited driving is permitted (e.g., to and from work), use the following criteria: a. If the crash occurs during permitted times of driving, code Non-CDL License Type as Full Driver License and Status as Valid, code Compliance With License Restrictions as Restrictions Complied With, and code Related Factors-Driver Level as Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License. 2010 369 D11 b. If the crash occurs during invalid times for driving, code Non-CDL License Type as Full Driver License and Status as Suspended or Revoked, code Compliance With License Restrictions as Restriction Not Complied With, and do not use Related Factors-Driver Level as Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License. If due to a CDL, a driver has more than one license restriction, code compliance for the most appropriate restrictions for the vehicle being driven. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 370 2010 D11 CODING SCENARIOS FOR NON- NON-CDL COMP.W/ RELATED GRADUATED DRIVER’S CDL STATUS LIC. RES. FACTORS- LICENSING PROGRAM TYPE DRIVER LEVEL 1. A 16-year-old driver with a valid Intermediate 2 6 2 73, 74 License driving a vehicle during prohibited driving hours without corrective lenses. 2. A 15-year-old with a valid Learner’s Permit 7 6 2 73 driving alone (adult supervision required). 3. A 16-year-old with a valid Intermediate License 2 6 2 73 not complying with seat-belt requirement during permitted daytime driving hours. 4. A 17-year-old driver with a valid Intermediate 2 6 2 73 License. The officer reported there was a 19- year-old non-family passenger, in violation of the state’s GDL requirements. 5. An 18-year-old driver with an expired Learner’s 7 3 1 00 Permit driving with no violations of GDL restrictions. 6. A 15-year-old with a suspended Learner’s 7 1 2 74 Permit is driving without required prescription lenses, and is complying with all GDL restrictions. 7. A driver with a suspended Intermediate Driver’s 2 3 1 00 License complying with all GDL restrictions. 8. A 19-year-old with a valid Intermediate License 2 6 2 73 which was extended due to prior GDL violations is driving a truck greater than 26,000 lbs. Requiring a CDL during prohibited hours. 9. A driver with a valid Full Driver’s License driving 1 6 2 74 without required corrective lenses. 2010 371 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 372 2010 D12 DRIVER HEIGHT GES: XXX FARS: D12 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 set 1 numeric, 1 set 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Feet: X X X 0 See Inches X X X 2-8 Actual Feet X X X 9 Unknown Inches: X X X 00-11 Actual Inches 24-96 X X X 98 Other X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Use the driver licensing files to code this element. The Coroner’s Report may be used and may contain more current/accurate information. Code the driver’s height in feet and inches, if available. Inches less than 10 must be right- justified with a leading “0” (e.g., nine inches is coded “09”). If Height is only available in total inches, then code INCHES and code FEET as “0.” The tallest Height that can be recorded in total INCHES is 96 inches (8 ft). The tallest Height that can be recorded in FEET and INCHES is 8 ft. – 11 inches. If the driver is taller than 96 inches, then you must code Height as feet and inches. If the driver is taller than 8 ft. – 11 inches, then you must code the DRIVER HEIGHT as “Other” (0 FEET, 98 INCHES). DRIVER HEIGHT less than “3 Feet” or greater than “7 Feet – 0 Inches” or less than “36 Inches” or greater than “0 Feet – 84 Inches” will raise an error flag. 2010 373 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 374 2010 D13 DRIVER WEIGHT GES: XXX FARS:D13 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 040- Actual weight in pounds 700 X X X 998 Other X X X 999 Unknown Remarks: Use the driver licensing files to code this element. The Coroner’s Report may be used and may contain more current/accurate information. Code the driver’s weight in pounds, if available. Weight should be right justified. Weights less than 100 lbs. must be coded with a leading “0” in the left-most position (e.g., 98 lbs. is coded “098”). DRIVER WEIGHT less than 50 lbs. or greater than 399 lbs. will raise an error flag. 2010 375 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 376 2010 D14, D15, D16 D17, D18 DRIVER LEVEL COUNTERS PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES* PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS* PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS* PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS* PREVIOUS OTHER HARMFUL MV CONVICTIONS * GES: XXX FARS: D14, D15 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element D16, D17 Screen Name: D18 Format: 2 numeric each Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 01-97 Actual Value, but any value greater than 05 will be questioned (except for “Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations” when any value greater than 10 will be questioned). X X X 98 Crashes not reported on Driving Record (valid only for Previous Recorded Crashes) X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Count only events occurring within three years from the crash date. If a driver has been DISQUALIFIED for a CDL, record this event in PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS. DO NOT include the current crash in any of the counters. Remember there is a difference between a violation and a conviction. The violation is not counted in Previous DWI, Previous Speeding and Previous Other Harmful Moving Violation Convictions. These elements refer ONLY TO CONVICTIONS. Both convictions and violations appear on driver records in many states. Be careful that you code the conviction dates and NOT the violation dates. DWI refers to both alcohol and drug convictions. When you are responding to another state’s request for driver data, do the following: 2010 377 D14, D15, D16, D17, D18 1. In the counters, record both in-state and out-of-state convictions, crashes, suspensions and revocations that appear on your state’s record. 2. List out-of-state activity that is included in the counters in the area provided on the OUT- OF-STATE DRIVER DATA RESPONSE (see example below). The Out-of-State Driver Data Response is provided through the message system. Drivers can have a driving record or driver’s license from more than one state. When you are coding the driver level counter elements (Crashes, Suspensions, Revocations, DWI, Speeding and Other Harmful MV Conviction), be sure to combine distinct events from all of the records you have. Be careful not to double-count the same event. Also use Related Factors – Driver Level Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License From More Than One State when this situation occurs. 378 2010 D14, D15, D16 D17, D18 OUT-OF-STATE DRIVER DATA RESPONSE DEST. STATE: VEHICLE NO.: STATE CASE #: DATE OF CRASH: / / FARS CODE #: DRIVER NAME: NON-CDL DATE OF BIRTH: / STATUS: / LICENSE CDL STATUS: DRIVER HEIGHT: STATE: LICENSE TYPE COMPLIANCE: DRIVER ZIP DRIVER WEIGHT: CODE: RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN: NON-CDL NON-CDL CDL CDL RESTRICTIONS ENDORSEMENTS RESTRICTIONS ENDORSEMENTS (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) (2) (2) (2) (3) (3) (3) (3) PREVIOUS RECORD (Number Of) CRASHES ____ SUSP/REVO ____ DWI _____ SPEED _____ OTHER CONV. _____ LAST CRASH, SUSP., DWI, ETC. / / FIRST CRASH, SUSP., DWI, ETC / / OUT-OF-STATE VIOLATIONS INCLUDED* ABOVE: *(INCLUDE KNOWN OUT-OF-STATE CRASHES, SUSP/REV., DWI, SPEED, ETC. IN PREVIOUS RECORD COUNTS ABOVE AND LIST BELOW) VIOLATION CONVICT VIOLATION STATE ACC,SUSP/REV,DWI, DATE DATE (TRANSLATION) SPEED OR OTHER? COMMENTS: NOTES TO SENDING ANALYST: Please be careful not to include PREVIOUS RECORD information for events which occur after the DATE OF CRASH Please fill all appropriate fields. Don’t leave blanks 2010 379 D14, D15, D16, D17, D18 PREVIOUS OTHER HARMFUL MV CONVICTIONS includes all other motor vehicle convictions. Some examples of convictions include: • running a red light, • reckless driving, • improper lane changing, • failure to yield, etc. * For Element _____, Values greater than ____ are unlikely and will raise an error flag: Element Value PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES 5 PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS 10 PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS 5 PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS 5 PREVIOUS OTHER HARMFUL MV CONVICTION 5 Make sure you know what constitutes a MOVING VIOLATION in your state. The DMV should be able to help you determine these. 380 2010 D19, D20 DATE OF FIRST AND LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION GES: XXX FARS: D19, D20 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 set 2 numeric, 1 set 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Month: X X X 00 No Record X X X 01-12 Actual Month X X X 99 Unknown Year: X X X 0000 No Record X X X All 4 Digits of Actual Year X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: Code only dates of events occurring within three years from the crash date. Code the month and year in that order. This element, although it contains two pieces of information, should be treated as one element. That is never leave month blank without leaving the year blank, and vice versa. 2010 381 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 382 2010 D21 VIOLATIONS CHARGED GES: D02 FARS:D21 Screen Heading: :Driver violations Format: 2 numeric. Select all the apply. Screen Name: Driver Violations (690-E) Long Name: What driver violations are charged by the police? SAS Name: Vehicle.Violatn Oracle Name: GES.DriverViolation.ViolationID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26710 0 00 None Reckless/Careless/Hit-and-Run Type Offenses 2 26711 01 01 Manslaughter or homicide 3 26712 02 02 Willful reckless driving; driving to endanger; negligent driving 4 26713 03 03 Unsafe reckless (not willful, wanton reckless) driving 5 26714 04 04 Inattentive, careless, improper driving 6 26715 05 05 Fleeing or eluding police 7 26716 06 06 Fail to obey police, fireman, authorized person directing traffic 8 26717 07 07 Hit-and-run, fail to stop after crash 9 26718 08 08 Fail to give aid, information, wait for police after crash 10 26719 09 09 Serious violation resulting in death Impairment Offenses 11 26720 11 11 Driving while intoxicated (alcohol or drugs) or BAC above limit (any detectable BAC for CDLs) 12 26721 12 12 Driving while impaired 13 26722 13 13 Driving under influence of substance not intended to intoxicate 14 26723 14 14 Drinking while operating 15 26724 15 15 Illegal possession of alcohol or drugs 16 26725 16 16 Driving with detectable alcohol 17 26726 18 18 Refusal to submit to chemical test 18 26727 19 19 Alcohol, drug or impairment violations generally Speed-Related Offenses 19 26728 21 21 Racing 20 26729 22 22 Speeding (above the speed limit) 2010 383 D21 21 26730 23 23 Speed greater than reasonable & prudent (not necessarily over the limit) 22 26731 24 24 Exceeding special limit (e.g.: for trucks, buses, cycles, or on bridge, in school zone, etc.) 23 26732 25 25 Energy speed (exceeding 55 mph, non-pointable) 24 26733 26 26 Driving too slowly 25 26734 29 29 Speed related violations, generally Rules of the Road – Traffic Sign & Signals 26 26735 31 31 Fail to stop for red signal 27 26736 32 32 Fail to stop for flashing red 28 26737 33 33 Violation of turn on red (fail to stop & yield, yield to pedestrians before turning) 29 26738 34 34 Fail to obey flashing signal (yellow or red) 30 26739 35 35 Fail to obey signal, generally 31 26740 36 36 Violate RR grade crossing device/regulations 32 26741 37 37 Fail to obey stop sign 33 26742 38 38 Fail to obey yield sign 34 26743 39 39 Fail to obey traffic control device Rules of the Road – Turning, Yielding, Signaling 35 26744 41 41 Turn in violation of traffic control (disobey signs, turn arrow or pavement markings; this is not a right-on-red violation) 36 26745 42 42 Improper method & position of turn (too wide, wrong lane) 37 26746 43 43 Fail to signal for turn or stop 38 26747 45 45 Fail to yield to emergency vehicle 39 26748 46 46 Fail to yield, generally 40 26749 48 48 Enter intersection when space insufficient 41 26750 49 49 Turn, yield, signaling violations, generally Rules of the Road – Wrong Side, Passing & Following 3 26751 51 51 Driving wrong way on one-way road 4 26752 52 52 Driving on left, wrong side of road, generally 5 26753 53 53 Improper, unsafe passing 6 26754 54 54 Pass on right (drive off pavement to pass) 7 26755 55 55 Pass stopped school bus 8 26756 56 56 Fail to give way when overtaken 9 26757 58 58 Following too closely 10 26758 59 59 Wrong side, passing, following violations, generally Rules of the Road – Lane Usage 11 26759 61 61 Unsafe or prohibited lane change 12 26760 62 62 Improper use of lane (enter of 3-lane road, HOV designated lane) 13 26761 63 63 Certain traffic to use right lane (trucks, slow-moving, etc.) 384 2010 D21 14 26762 66 66 Motorcycle lane violations (more than two per lane, riding between lanes, etc.) 15 26763 67 67 Motorcyclist attached to another vehicle 16 26764 69 69 Lane violations, generally Non-Moving – License and Registration Violations 17 26765 71 71 Driving while license withdrawn (including violation of provisions of work permit) 18 26766 72 72 Other driver license violations 19 26767 73 73 Commercial driver violations (log book, hours, permits carried) 20 26768 74 74 Vehicle registration violations 21 26769 75 75 Fail to carry insurance card 22 26770 76 76 Driving uninsured vehicle 23 26771 79 79 Non-moving violations, generally Equipment 24 26772 81 81 Lamp violations 25 26773 82 82 Brake violations 26 26774 83 83 Failure to require restraint use (by self or passengers) 27 26775 84 84 Motorcycle equipment violations (helmet, special equipment) 28 26776 85 85 Violation of hazardous cargo regulations 29 26777 86 86 Size, weight, load violations 30 26778 89 89 Equipment violations, generally License, Registration & Violations 31 26779 91 91 Parking 32 26780 92 92 Theft, unauthorized use of motor vehicle 33 26781 93 93 Driving where prohibited (sidewalk, limited access, off truck route) 77 26787 97 97 Not Reported 34 26785 98 98 Other moving violation (coasting, backing, opening door) 35 26786 99 99 Unknown VIOLATION Remarks: This refers to those violations to the Vehicle Code charged as noted on the police accident report. Select all that apply. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 385 D21 FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Coding Hierarchy When more than three violations are cited, the three most serious violations should be coded; choosing the lowest number first. The hierarchy is as follows: Codes “01-09” (Serious Violations), “11-19,” (Impairment Offenses), Racing, Pass Stopped School Bus, and Driving While License Withdrawn. Beyond this hierarchy, choose violations which are not reflected in other elements, such as Related Factors. If you are unable to distinguish between the violations within a specific category, use the General Code (i.e., “09, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89”) for that category. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Code all the violations listed on the PAR for this driver. 386 2010 D22 SPEED RELATED GES: D09 FARS:D22 Screen Heading: Driver Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Speed Related (725-E) Long Name: Is the driver’s speed a factor in the crash? SAS Name: Vehicle.Speedrel Oracle Name: GES.Driver.SpeedRelated ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 0 0 No 2 2 1 1 Yes 3 3 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Speed can be indicated in the case materials by the police issuing a citation for a speed offense, by their indicating a related or contributing factor, or through a description in the narrative. No is used if the case materials do not indicate any speed related charges (violations, citations) and do not indicate any speed related factors. Yes is used if the case materials indicate a speed related factor or charge (violation, citation) for this driver. This includes information found in the PAR narrative. Do not use this value if the violation is “too slow” or equivalent. Factors, charges and descriptions may include the following: • Speed greater than reasonable or prudent (not necessarily over the limit) • Driving too fast for conditions • Speeding (above the speed limit) • Exceeding special limit (e.g., for trucks, buses, cycles, on bridge, at night, in school zone, etc.) • Racing Do not compare an estimated travel speed to the posted speed limit for determining the correct attribute for this data element. 2010 387 D22 Unknown is used if the police state that the circumstances of the crash are unknown (i.e., it is unknown what factors, if any, may have been present at the time of the crash). 388 2010 D23/NM14 CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH GES: P18 FARS:D23/NM14 Screen Heading: Physical Impairments Format: 2 numeric. Select all that apply Screen Name: Condition (970-E) Long Name: Did the police identify any contributory conditions for this person? SAS Name: P18-Person.Impairmt, M_P18-Impair.MImpair Oracle Name: GES.Impairment.ImpairID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26791 0 00 None/Apparently Normal 2 26792 1 01 Ill, Blackout 3 26793 2 02 Asleep or Fatigued 4 26794 3 03 Walking with a Cane or Crutches 5 26795 4 04 Paraplegic Or Restricted To Wheelchair 6 26796 5 05 Impaired Due To Previous Injury 7 26797 6 06 Deaf 8 26798 7 07 Blind 9 26802 8 08 Emotional (depressed, angry, disturbed, etc) 10 26803 9 09 Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication 9 26799 97 10 Physical Impairment – No Details 98 26800 98 96 Other Physical Impairment 97 26827 97 98 Not Reported 99 26801 99 99 Unknown If Physically Impaired Remarks: Select all that apply. This element attempts to identify physical impairments to this driver or non-motorist which may have contributed to the cause of the crash. These impairments can appear anywhere in the case materials--in the narrative section, in the violations section, in a column entitled “Contributing Factors” or “Driver Action”, etc. Do not consider pedestrian, non-motorist or witness statements unless verified by the investigating police officer by being reported in the narrative section of the crash report. 2010 389 D23/NM14 None/Apparently Normal is used when: • When the case materials make a positive statement that the individual was apparently normal or “none” was indicated on the PAR. • When the case materials do not indicate an impairment in an available field and not reporting an impairment in that field indicates None/Apparently Normal. • When the investigating officer o is limited in the number of factors that can be displayed o and cannot select an impairment in addition to another factor relevant to the crash o and some other factor is selected o and no other indication of impairment exists in the case materials. • For omission of information see Not Reported guidance below. Ill, Blackout is used when indicated in the case materials. Enter this attribute even if the source of the illness or loss of consciousness is alcohol or drug related. Use this attribute if the driver or non-motorist had fainted and/or seizures were identified. Fell Asleep or Fatigued is used when indicated in the case materials. Also, use this attribute when the investigating officer indicates the person was drowsy or sleepy. Alcohol or other drugs may be the source of this impairment. Walking with a Cane or Crutches is used when non-motorist is walking with a cane or crutches when indicated in the case materials. Paraplegic or Restricted to Wheelchair is used if this person has to use a wheelchair or is paraplegic (may or may not have used a wheelchair). Impaired Due to Previous Injury is used if the case materials specifically indicates this condition (e.g., if a person is involved in this crash subsequent to his/her involvement in a previous crash in which the person was injured). This attribute should be extremely rare. Deaf is used when this condition is attributed to this person in the case materials. Blind is used when this condition is attributed to this person in the case materials. Emotional (depressed, angry, disturbed, etc.) is used when the person is arguing with someone, is having a disagreement, is depressed and/or is emotionally upset. Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication is used when the investigating officer determines that the individual was under the influence of alcohol, drugs or medication, or there was a positive test result. Physical Impairment-No Details is used when the case materials indicate a physical impairment existed but provides no further details about the impairment. 390 2010 D23/NM14 Other Physical Impairment is used when the case materials indicate that a physical impairment was involved but it isn’t a listed attribute. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Physically Impaired is used if the investigating officer states that the physical impairment of this person is unknown. Hit-and-Run drivers are included in this attribute. 2010 391 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 392 2010 D24 RELATED FACTORS – DRIVER LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:D24 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric occurring 4 times Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 08 Aggressive Driving / Road Rage X X X 13 Mentally Challenged X X X 04 Reaction to or Failure to Take Drugs/Medication X X X 12 Mother of Dead Fetus X X X 15 Seat Back Not In Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined X X X 18 Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways X X X 19 Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License X X X 20 Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running Leaving Vehicle Unattended in Roadway X X X 21 Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo X X X 22 Towing or Pushing Improperly X X X 23 Failure to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required X X X 24 Operating Without Required Equipment X X X 26 Following Improperly X X X 27 Improper or Erratic Lane Changing X X X 28 Failure to Keep in Proper Lane X X X 29 Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median X X X 30 Making Improper Entry To or Exit From Trafficway X X X 31 Starting or Backing Improperly X X X 32 Opening Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion 2010 393 D24 X X X 33 Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass Line X X X 34 Passing on Wrong Side X X X 35 Passing With Insufficient Distance, or Inadequate Visibility, or Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle X X X 36 Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless or Negligent Manner Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds X X X 16 Police or Law Enforcement Officer X X X 37 Police Pursuing This Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit X X X 38 Failure to Yield Right-of-Way X X X 39 Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws X X X 40 Passing Through or Around Barrier X X X 41 Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them X X X 42 Failure to Signal Intentions X X X 45 Driving Less Than Posted Minimum X X X 47 Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn from Right-Turn Lane X X X 48 Making Other Improper Turn X X X 50 Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Traffic X X X 51 Driving on Wrong Side of Road (Intentional or Unintentional) X X X 52 Operator Inexperience X X X 53 Unfamiliar with Roadway X X X 54 Stopped in Roadway (Vehicle Not Abandoned) X X X 57 Locked Wheel X X X 58 Overcorrecting X X X 59 Getting Off/Out of or On/In to a Vehicle X X X 73 Driver Has Not Complied With Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License Restrictions (GDL Restrictions) X X X 74 Driver Has Not Complied With Physical or Other Imposed Restrictions (not including GDL Restrictions) X X X 77 Severe Crosswind X X X 78 Wind From Passing Truck X X X 79 Slippery or Loose Surface X X X 80 Tire Blowout or Flat X X X 81 Debris or Objects in Road X X X 82 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road X X X 83 Live Animals in Road X X X 84 Vehicle in Road X X X 85 Phantom Vehicle 394 2010 D24 X X X 86 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non-Motorist X X X 87 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road X X X 88 Trailer Fishtailing or Swaying X X X 89 Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License from More Than One State X X X 91 Non-Traffic Violation Charged (manslaughter, homicide, or other assault offense committed without malice) X X X 92 Other Non-Moving Traffic Violations X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police Blanks 00 None Physical/Mental Condition 08 Aggressive Driving / Aggressive Driving Officer must use the term Road Rage “Aggressive” in describing this driver’s behavior. Can be indicated in the report under related/contributing factors, violations charged or in the narrative. You may encounter the term “Road Rage” used to describe aggressive driving behavior. Be cautious with this term as the two terms are not technically interchangeable. 13 Mentally Challenged Mental illness/retardation may be included. 04 Reaction to or Failure to Allergic reaction to medication/drugs. Take Drugs/Medication Reaction to drug interaction (over the counter and/or prescribed). Failure to take required medication. 2010 395 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 12 Mother of Dead Fetus Fetus dies in or as a result of this crash. Miscellaneous Factors: 15 Seat Back Not In Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined 18 Traveling on Prohibited Driving on prohibited Trafficways trafficway/roadway (example: mopeds on interstate). Trucks prohibited on this trafficway. 19 Legally Driving on Individual with suspended/revoked Suspended or Revoked license allowed to drive only to License and from work. License restricted/occupational license issued. Modification of conditions/restrictions. 20 Leaving Vehicle Parked double. “Unattended” signifies “driverless.” Unattended with Engine Parked on bridge, Running. tunnel. Leaving Vehicle Parking within Unattended in intersection. Roadway. 21 Overloading or Improper Unsecured or Having more than 3 passengers in Loading of Vehicle With uncovered load the front seat. Passengers or Cargo violation. Trunk open with extra large cargo protruding. Sitting/standing on rails, tailgate of pickup or improperly sitting in bed of pickup. Overweight/over length/oversize. 22 Towing or Pushing Push vehicle in Towing with improper connection Improperly dangerous manner. (e.g., only a cable, etc.) Using vehicle to push another vehicle. 396 2010 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 23 Failure to Dim Lights or Fail to use proper Headlamps adjusted improperly, to Have Lights on When headlight beam. causing glare. Required Fail to dim headlights Failing to have headlights on in for, approaching tunnels. vehicle, when Motorcycle not using lights as following another. required. Using fog lights when prohibited. 24 Operating Without Defective or no lamps, Only to be used for failure to use Required Equipment brakes, mirrors, restraints, child restraints or muffler, flares, motorcycle helmets if officer wipers, horn, snow makes an issue that it is a factor in tires, chains, etc. this case. Not for PAR box marked “not used.” 26 Following Improperly Following fire truck too Following too closely for weather closely. conditions. Failure to maintain safe NOTE: Improper Lane Change passing distance signifies “in the process,” while between trucks. Following Improperly denotes Following vehicles in “after or before the process of lane caravan too change.” closely to allow entry. Following too close, generally. 27 Improper or Erratic Lane Unsafe lane change. Weaving in and out of traffic. Changing Failure to obey “no lane change” sign. 28 Failure to Keep in Trucks and buses, Vehicle going straight in turn lane. Proper Lane slower vehicles to Vehicle using more than one lane on keep right. its side of a multi-lane highway. Does not apply to vehicles that run off the roadway or that cross the median. See Driving on Wrong Side of Road (Intentional or Unintentional) for Driving on Wrong Side of Road. 2010 397 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 29 Illegal Driving on Road Driving off pavement or roadway. Shoulder, in Ditch, on Physically driving on shoulder, etc. Sidewalk or on Median 30 Making Improper Entry Driving onto or from Entering highway from adjacent To or Exit From controlled access pasture, field. Trafficway highway where Entering highway on exit ramp, or prohibited. exiting on entrance ramp, going the wrong way. NOTE: Don’t confuse with Driving on the Wrong Side of Road. 31 Starting or Backing Unsafe start from Backing up on one-way. Improperly parked position. Starting onto highway from parked position on shoulder. 32 Opening Closure into Opening door into Opening trunk while vehicle is in Moving Traffic or While moving traffic. motion. Vehicle is in Motion 33 Passing Where Overtaking streetcar on Passing stopped school bus. Prohibited by Posted left or right. Crossing over solid line to pass. Signs, Pavement Overtaking vehicle Passing uphill; mainly violations as Markings, Hill or Curve, stopped to allow designated by traffic controls. or School Bus pedestrian Displaying Warning Not movement. to Pass Line 34 Passing on Wrong Side Passing on right Passing on right. prohibited. Passing on right shoulder, emergency lane, or roadside. 35 Passing With Passing with Mainly passing violations based on Insufficient Distance, or insufficient sight faulty judgment. Inadequate Visibility, or distance. Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle 398 2010 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 36 Operating the Vehicle in Driving to endanger, Must be explicitly stated on police an Erratic, Reckless or willful or wanton record. Acceleration followed by Negligent Manner disregard. sudden braking. Operating at Erratic or Reckless driving Suddenly Changing reduced from DUI. Speeds 16 Police or Law Federal, state or local law Enforcement Officer enforcement officer working at the time of the crash. Includes military and park police, border patrol and all other sworn law enforcement officers. 37 Police Pursuing This Fleeing or attempting to “Hot pursuit.” Driver or Police Officer elude police officer. This officer in pursuit of motorists or in Pursuit this motorist being pursued by police. 38 Failure to Yield Right-of- Failure to yield to Primarily intersection-related. Way pedestrian. Care should be used to distinguish Failure to yield to yield violations from lane emergency violations. vehicles. Failure to yield to streetcar already in intersection. 2010 399 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 39 Failure to Obey Actual Failure to obey flashing Often times incorrectly coded in Traffic Signs, Traffic signal. conjunction with Failure to Yield Control Devices or Violation of turn on red. Right-of-Way. Care must be used Traffic Officers. Failure to obey lane to distinguish from Failure to Failure to Obey Safety use control signal. Yield Right-of-Way. Zone Traffic Laws. Failure to obey stop When vehicle does not stop when signs. required by traffic control. Failure to obey yield When vehicle stops, but fails to yield, sign. code Failure to Yield Right-of- Way (4-way stops). Violating yield sign, code as Failure to Yield Right-of-Way and Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers. Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws. Passing around railroad gates. 40 Passing Through or Driving in prohibited Denotes “demarcated” area. Around Barrier area (play street, construction, etc.). 41 Failure to Observe Failure to follow construction Warnings or Instructions instructions (e.g., arrows directing on Vehicles Displaying traffic mounted on vehicle), Them instructions on emergency vehicles (ambulances, fire trucks, police cars). Failure to observe right-turn warning on trucks, buses. Failure to heed hazard lights on disabled vehicle, school bus arm. 42 Failure to Signal Failure to sound horn at Failure to signal by either lamp turn Intentions curve on mountain signal or hand. road. Failure to signal upon stopping to turn. 400 2010 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 45 Driving Less Than Driving too slowly, so as to impede Posted Minimum traffic. 47 Making Right Turn From To distinguish from Improper or Left-Turn Lane, Left Erratic Lane Changing police Turn from Right-Turn officer must have knowledge of Lane driver’s intention. 48 Making Other Improper Too wide right or left To distinguish from Failure to Obey Turn turn. Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Unsafe U-turn (from Control Devices or Traffic shoulder, etc.). Officers. Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws, Making Other Improper Turn implies judgment-oriented actions, not those explicitly stated by the law. (Too wide at right or left turn unsafe U-turn.) 50 Driving Wrong Way on To distinguish from Driving on One-Way Traffic Wrong Side of Road. On a divided highway, although each side is “one-way,” driving against traffic should be coded as Driving on Wrong Side of Road not Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Traffic. 51 Driving on Wrong Side Driving on wrong side Driving wrong way on Rotary of Road (Intentional or of highway. Intersection. Unintentional) Driving on left half of approaching bridge, tunnel. 52 Operator Inexperience New drivers, new truck/bus driver; based on the judgment of the police officer. Unfamiliar with vehicle. 2010 401 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 53 Unfamiliar with Roadway Possibly out-of-state licenses. New stretch of road, based on the judgment of the police officer. 54 Stopped in Roadway This attribute signifies both in the (Vehicle Not process of stopping and “stopped” Abandoned) vehicles. Usually implies unusual condition. Excludes stopping in traffic or stopping for traffic control. 57 Locked Wheel Occurs when braking too suddenly as noted by police officer. Can’t be inferred just from skid marks. 58 Overcorrecting Based on the judgment of the police officer, with knowledge of driver’s intention. Oversteering 59 Getting Off/Out of or Applies for either moving or non- On/In to a Vehicle moving vehicles. To distinguish from Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic. This attribute takes precedence, not to be coded in conjunction with Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic. Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To: 77 Severe Crosswind 78 Wind From Passing Truck 79 Slippery or Loose Refers to actual condition of roadway Surface surface, e.g., loose gravel roadway. Slippery or old worn blacktop. Newly paved surface. 402 2010 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police 80 Tire Blowout or Flat 81 Debris or Objects in Nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, Road trash, dead animals, pile of sand, barricades, etc. 82 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road 83 Live Animals in Road 84 Vehicle in Road Includes both contact and non- contact vehicles that remain at the scene. 85 Phantom Vehicle Non-contact vehicle that leaves the scene as described by the police officer. 86 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non- Motorist 87 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, This is for the substances on roadway Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet that causes roadway to be slick, Leaves on Road which may interfere with traction. These are not part of the roadway design (see Slippery or Loose Surface). 88 Trailer Fishtailing or Describes where a trailer fishtails or Swaying sways causing vehicle to weave in traffic or swerve. Includes trucks & cars pulling a trailer. This may or may not result in a jackknife. 2010 403 D24 Related Factors Driver Violations Examples/Notes Cited or Noted by Police Special Circumstances 73 Driver Has Not Learner’s/Intermediate nighttime Complied With Learner’s restrictions (e.g., midnight – 6 Permit or Intermediate AM). Driver License Learner’s/Intermediate unsupervised Restrictions (GDL driving restrictions. Restrictions) Learner’s/Intermediate passenger restriction. Mandatory Seat Belt Use Restriction. 74 Driver Has Not Driving without corrective lenses Complied With Physical when required. or Other Imposed Driving without required equipment Restrictions (not (e.g., automatic transmission, including GDL adaptive controls, etc.). Restrictions) Driving on a suspended/revoked license for other than permitted activities (e.g., driving permitted only to and from work). Driving vehicle without “Interlock System” when required. 89 Driver has a Driving Any combination of a state license or Record or Driver’s record. License from More Than Regardless of the status of the One State license or the driving privilege. 91 Non-Traffic Violation Driver charged with intoxicated Charged (manslaughter, assault. homicide, or other Driver charged with vehicular assault offense manslaughter. committed without malice) 92 Other Non-Moving Traffic Violations 99 Unknown 404 2010 D24 Remarks: Code information provided in the narrative by the investigating officer. It is the officer’s assessment. This is a nominal list only and does NOT imply a hierarchy. NOTE: RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL SHOULD BE CODED ONLY FOR “IN-TRANSPORT VEHICLES” (UNIT TYPE “1”). RELATED FACTORS FOR PARKED/STOPPED OFF ROADWAY/WORKING MOTOR VEHICLES AND MOTOR VEHICLES IN MOTION OFF THE TRAFFICWAY SHOULD BE CODED UNDER RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (UNIT TYPES “2, 3 AND 4”.) Use of None Use when no factors are noted; zero-fill all fields. None implies that the investigating officer indicated “no factors.” Also, use None to complete remaining fields when you will be recording less than four related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Use of Unknown Use when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. In a case involving Police Pursuit, Police Pursuing This Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit should be used when pursuit has been initiated by police and is active at the time of the crash (also see Related Factors-Crash Level, for use of Police Pursuit Involved). It can be used for either the pursued driver or the pursuing police officer. Definition of Police Pursuit: A pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement officer, operating an authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use of visual or audible emergency signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist who the officer is attempting to apprehend, and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by either maintaining his/her speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the officer’s continued attempts to stop the motorist. A pursuit is terminated when the motorist stops, or when the attempt to apprehend is discontinued by the officer or at the direction of a competent authority. Driver Has Not Complied With Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License Restrictions(GDL Restrictions) is used to indicate that a young driver was not in compliance with a Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License restriction under a state’s Graduated Driver’s License (GDL) program. (See table for examples.) This should not be used for restrictions for eyeglasses, lenses, equipment or other physical restrictions (see Driver Has Not Complied With Other Imposed Restrictions [not including GDL Restrictions]). Call Coding Assistance Program for coding guidance and see FARShelf for examples. 2010 405 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 406 2010 PRECRASH DATA OVERVIEW Precrash data elements are completed for each of the in-transport vehicles in the case. This means that the entire crash is first completed from the perspective of one vehicle, then from the perspective of a second vehicle, if any, and so forth. The precrash data elements are: Driver Distracted By, Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of Critical Event), Critical Precrash Category, Critical Precrash Event, Attempted Avoidance Maneuver, Pre-Impact Stability, Pre-Impact Location, Crash Type The precrash data elements are designed to identify the following: what was this vehicle doing just prior to the critical precrash event, what made this vehicle's situation critical, what was the avoidance response, if any, to this critical situation, and what was the movement of the vehicle just prior to impact? The most important determination that must be made for each in-transport vehicle is: what was this vehicle's Critical Precrash Event, (i.e., what action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person, animal, or non-fixed object was critical to this vehicle's crash?). Once the critical event is determined, the remaining precrash data elements are coded relative to this selected Critical Precrash Event. Do not consider culpability as a factor for determining precrash data. Many crash scenarios will suggest fault, but this is considered coincidental rather than by design. Critical Crash Envelope The critical crash envelope begins at the point where: (1) the driver recognizes an impending danger (e.g., deer runs into the roadway), or (2) the vehicle is in an imminent path of collision with another vehicle, pedestrian, pedalcyclist, other non-motorist, object, or animal. 2010 407 The critical crash envelope ends when: (1) (a) the driver has made a successful avoidance maneuver, and (b) has full steering control, and (c) the vehicle is tracking; or (2) the driver's vehicle impacts another vehicle, pedestrian, pedalcyclist, other non-motorist, object or animal. Simple Single Critical Crash Envelope Most crashes involve only a single critical crash envelope in which the object contacted is captured under the Critical Precrash Event, (e.g., a vehicle is traveling straight on a roadway and a deer runs into the roadway and is struck by the vehicle). This scenario, and similar ones, are very straightforward and will not present many problems. Complex Single Critical Crash Envelope However, some single critical crash envelopes are more complex. Example A: A driver avoids one obstacle and immediately impacts another vehicle, person, object, or animal. Because immediate is defined as not having an opportunity, or sufficient time, to take any additional avoidance actions, the Critical Precrash Event is related to the vehicle, person, object, or animal which the driver successfully avoided instead of the vehicle's first harmful event (i.e., its impact); see examples 3 and 5 below. Example B: The driver avoids an obstacle only to (a) lose steering control and/or (b) have the vehicle stop tracking, and the vehicle subsequently impacts another vehicle, person, object, or animal. Regardless of whether the driver: 1) attempted to regain steering control 2) caused the vehicle to resume a tracking posture or 3) avoided the impacted vehicle, person, object, or animal, the Critical Precrash Event is similarly related to the vehicle, person, object or animal which the driver successfully avoided because the driver's critical crash envelope was never stabilized. In both examples above, the Attempted Avoidance Maneuver records the successful action taken to avoid the Critical Precrash Event. Vehicles that are not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, object, or animal in the sequence of crash events (that define this crash) are not included. The coding order for a single critical crash envelope is illustrated below. 408 2010 Multiple Critical Crash Envelopes When a case involves multiple critical crash envelopes, select only the final critical crash envelope. In this situation, encode the element Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of Critical Event) as: Successful avoidance maneuver to a previous critical event. The final critical crash envelope is the one that resulted in this vehicle's first harmful event (i.e., its impact) as shown in the following illustration. Typical Order of a Single Critical Crash Envelope Driver's Pre-event Critical Attempted Pre-Impact Pre-Impact Object Distraction/ Movement Precrash Avoidance Stability Location Contacted Inattention Category/Event Maneuver (Impact) To Driving Typical Order of Multiple Critical Crash Envelopes End of First Envelope Beginning of Second Envelope • Prior Critical Crash Envelope Final Critical Crash Envelope Successful Stability Driver's Pre-event Critical Precrash Attempted Pre- Pre- Driver's Pre-event Critical Attempted Pre- Pre- Object Distraction/ Movement Precrash Event Avoidance Impact Impact Distraction/ Movement Precrash Avoidance Impact Impact Contacted Inattention To Category Maneuver Stability Location Inattention To Event Category/ Stability Location Driving Driving Event (Impact) Do Not Code Using this Envelope Code Using this Envelope When there is doubt as to whether this vehicle had experienced a complex single, or multiple critical crash envelopes, choose the Critical Precrash Category/Event, to the vehicle, person, object, or animal which the driver successfully avoided (i.e., default to Complex Single). See Complex Single Critical Crash Envelope examples A and B above. The following pages have: a method protocol, a flowchart illustrating the proper method and protocol for determining the precrash data elements, and seven examples of various crash event sequences which contain one or more critical crash envelopes. 2010 409 Method Protocol Consider the information obtained from the Police Report, and any supplemental documents as inputs to your decision making process. 1. Determine Critical Precrash Category / Critical Precrash Event. What action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person, animal, or object was critical to this driver becoming involved in the crash (i.e., use the "BUT FOR"* test)? ASK yourself questions (a) through (f) below. Proceed through each question that applies to the crash you are researching. Stop when the answer to the questions is "Yes". This is the Critical Precrash Category. (a) Did the vehicle exhibit a control loss? (b) Does the evidence suggest that the vehicle was in an environmentally dangerous position? (c) Was another vehicle "in" this vehicle's lane? (d) Was another vehicle entering into this vehicle's lane? (e) Was a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other nonmotorist in or approaching this vehicle's path? (f) Was an animal in or approaching this vehicle's path or was an object in this vehicle's path? 2. Determine Driver Distracted By 3. Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of Critical Event). 4. Determine Attempted Avoidance Maneuver. What does your information indicate that the driver tried to do to avoid the crash? 5. Determine Pre-Impact Stability 6. Determine Pre-Impact Location * FOR EXAMPLE: "But for" Vehicle # going left-of-center, this vehicle would not have been involved in this crash. "But for" having entered into the intersection, this vehicle would not have been involved in this crash. 410 2010 Precrash Methodology Flowchart * FOR EXAMPLE : "But for" Vehicle # going left-of-center, this vehicle would not have been involved in this crash. Police Vehicle Scene Interviewee Report Inspection Inspection Determine the Critical Precrash Event What action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person, animal, or object was critical to this vehicle's crash - - Use the "BUT FOR TEST" Was vehicle loss of control critical? If so, code under subcategory "This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To:" Was the vehicle's position in the environment critical? If so, code under subcategory "This Vehicle Traveling" Was another vehicle "in" this vehicle's lane? If so, code under subcategory "Other Motor Vehicle In Lane" Was another vehicle encroaching into this vehicle's lane? If so, code under subcategory "Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane" Did a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other nonmotorist precipitate the critical event? If so, code under subcategory "Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Other Nonmotorist" Did an animal or object precipitate the critical event? If so, code under subcategory "Animal or Object" Was the critical event something other than listed, or unknown? If so, select "Other Critical Precrash Event" and Specify the event or select Unknown Once the Critical Precrash Event is determined, all other precrash variables are related to this event Determine if there was a Driver's Distraction or Inattention to Driving (Immediately Prior to Critical Event) Determine the vehicle's Pre-Event Movement (Immediately Prior to Critical Event) Determine the driver's Attempted Avoidance Maneuver (In response to the Critical Event) Determine the Pre-Impact Stability of the vehicle (After any Avoidance Maneuvers were taken) Determine the Pre-Impact Location of the vehicle (After the "stability" has been determined and immediately prior to impact) 2010 411 Precrash General Rules 1. Attempted Avoidance Maneuver assesses what the driver’s action(s) were during the critical crash envelope in response to his/her realization of impending danger. 2. A traffic control signal/sign can never make the situation critical when determining Critical Precrash Event. 3. When you know the Critical Precrash Category, but are unable to select a specific Critical Precrash Event, use the following guideline: Default to one of the “Other” or unknown attributes within each Critical Precrash Event category, rather than coding the entire Critical Precrash Category as “Other critical precrash event”. 4. If control is loss due to driver illness such as heart attacks, diabetic comas, etc., then CriticalPrecrash Event should be coded as “Other cause of control loss.” 5. When coding Critical Precrash Category as “This vehicle loss of control”, the loss of control must have occurred prior to the driver doing any avoidance maneuver. If the driver attempts a maneuver (i.e., brakes, steers, etc.) as a result of the driver's perception of a vehicle, object, pedestrian, or nonmotorist, then select the vehicle, object, pedestrian, or nonmotorist as the critical event because that is what made the situation critical. If the vehicle is in a yaw prior to the driver taking an avoidance action, then loss-of-control is what made it critical (e.g., critical curve scuff, hydroplaning, etc.). 6. When determining Critical Precrash Category/Event if you do not know from available sources which driver had the right-of-way at a controlled or uncontrolled intersection, then use the following as a guideline: a. If the junction is controlled by a 3-way / 4-way stop sign, or is uncontrolled, then use the common rule that the vehicle on the right has the right-of- way for determining encroachment. b. If the junction is controlled by an on-colors traffic control device, and both drivers claim a green light, then both vehicles are in an environmentally dangerous position, and Critical Precrash Event for both vehicles should be This Vehicle Traveling (Critical Precrash category) Crossing over (passing through) intersection (Critical Precrash Event). 412 2010 7. When two vehicles are initially traveling on the same trafficway and one executes a left turn with the right-of-way (i.e. green arrow), use Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane - From opposite direction-over right lane line for the turning vehicle’s critical event. This applies to Crash Types 68-69. If the vehicles were initially on different trafficways (Crash types 76-77 and 82- 83) the critical event for the vehicle turning left with the right-of-way should be Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching – From crossing street across path. 8. “Fixed” objects (e.g., trees, poles, fire hydrants, etc.,) cannot be in the roadway. 9. A motor vehicle is stopped in a travel lane and is impacted by another motor vehicle ricocheting off a vehicle. The Critical Precrash Event for the vehicle stuck by the ricocheting vehicle is in the category of either: Other Motor Vehicle In Lane or Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane. 10. Pre-Impact stability should be indicated as “Tracking” if the following are met: a. no skid marks are present on the diagram or mentioned in the narrative. b. the case materials do not indicate skidding AND c. the vehicle did not rotate 30 degrees or more (either clockwise or counterclockwise). Trafficway and its component definitions (i.e., roadway, road, shoulder and median) can be found in the ANSI D16.1 Manual on the Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents. 2010 413 Example 1 Vehicle 2 is northbound and passing through an intersection on a roadway without a traffic control. The driver of vehicle 1 is dialing on a cellular phone. Vehicle 1 is eastbound on a crossing roadway with a stop sign but did not see it. Driver of Vehicle 2 was attentive but did not see Vehicle 1 approaching. Vehicle 1 crashes into the side of vehicle 2. Vehicle 1 braked (leaving skid marks) just prior to impact, without any steering. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By (Distracted) while dialing Looked but did not see cellular phone Pre-Event Movement Going straight Going straight Critical Pre-Crash This Vehicle Traveling Other motor vehicle encroaching into Category lane Critical Pre-Crash Crossing over (passing From crossing street across path Event through) intersection Attempted Avoidance Braking (lockup) No avoidance maneuver Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Skidding longitudinally - Tracking rotation less than 30 degrees Pre-Impact Location Stayed in original travel lane Stayed in original travel lane Crash Type 88 89 In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins at the point where driver 1 recognizes that vehicle 1 is in an imminent collision path with vehicle 2. Vehicle 1's critical crash envelope ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE). Although the driver of vehicle 2 did not recognize the danger, vehicle 2's critical crash envelope begins at the point where vehicle 2 is in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 1. Vehicle 2's critical crash envelope ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. 414 2010 Example 1 (Diagram) 2010 415 Example 2 Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. The driver of vehicle 1 was texting on cell phone and crosses over the center line into the travel lane of vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid vehicle 1 by steering right onto the shoulder and accelerating. Vehicle 1 impacted vehicle 2 in the side. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By Dialing a cellular phone Not distracted Pre-Event Movement Going straight Going straight Critical Pre-Crash This vehicle traveling Other motor vehicle encroaching Category into lane Critical Pre-Crash Event Over the lane line on left side of From opposite direction over left travel lane lane line Attempted Avoidance No avoidance maneuver Accelerating and steering right Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Tracking Pre-Impact Location Stayed on roadway, but left Departed roadway original travel lane Crash Type 64 65 In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins at the point where vehicle 1 crosses over the lane line and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2 recognizes vehicle 1 encroaching into his/her travel lane. Vehicle 2's critical crash envelope ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. 416 2010 Example 3 Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. The driver of vehicle 1 brakes (without lockup) and steers left to avoid a pedestrian who darted into his/her travel lane. Vehicle 1 crosses over the center line into the travel path of vehicle 2. The driver of vehicle 2 was talking with a passenger and not paying close attention to driving and at the last second attempted to avoid vehicle 1 by braking and steering right off the road. Vehicle 2 skids and rotates clockwise about 45 degrees before it is impacted in the front by vehicle 1. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By Not distracted (Distracted) by other occupant Pre-Event Movement Going straight Going straight Critical Pre-Crash Category Pedestrian, Pedacyclist, or Other Motor Vehicle other nonmotorist encroaching into lane Critical Pre-Crash Event Pedestrian in roadway From opposite direction over left lane line Attempted Avoidance Braking and steering left Braking and steering right Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Skidding laterally - clockwise rotation Pre-Impact Location Stayed on roadway but left Departed Roadway original travel lane Crash Type 60 61 In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE). Vehicle 1's critical crash envelope involved a successful avoidance of a pedestrian [i.e., Critical Precrash Event equals Pedestrian in roadway"] which resulted in an immediate impact to vehicle 2. Therefore, the pedestrian is coded as the critical precrash event for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1's avoidance maneuver is for this example, the action taken to avoid the pedestrian. Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2 recognized and reacted to vehicle 1 in his/her travel lane and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. 2010 417 Example 4 Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in the same direction in adjacent lanes on a divided highway (with a painted median). While the driver of vehicle 1 was using an electric razor, the vehicle has a blow out, driver 1 loses control, crosses the left lane line and impacts the right rear of vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 is redirected across the painted median, skidding and rotating clockwise, and subsequently impacts vehicle 3. Vehicle 3 attempted to avoid vehicle 2 by steering right and accelerating. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By [Distracted] while using or reaching for Not Reported device/object brought into in vehicle Pre-Event Movement Going straight Going straight Critical Pre-Crash This vehicle loss control due to Other motor vehicle encroaching Category into lane Critical Pre-Crash Blow out or flat tire From adjacent lane (same Event direction) - over right lane line Attempted Avoidance No avoidance maneuver No avoidance maneuver Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Tracking Pre-Impact Location Stayed on roadway, but left original Stayed in original travel lane travel lane Crash Type 45 44 Vehicle 3 Driver Distracted By Not distracted Pre-Event Movement Going straight Critical Pre-Crash Other motor vehicle encroaching into Category lane Critical Pre-Crash From opposite direction - over left lane Event line Attempted Avoidance Accelerating and steering right Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Pre-Impact Location Stayed in original travel lane Crash Type 98 418 2010 Example 4 (cont'd) In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins with control loss due to the blow out and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2. The blow out is the critical precrash event. Vehicle 2 has two critical crash envelopes (V2CCE1 and V2CCE2). Vehicle 2's first critical crash envelope (V2CCE1) begins when vehicle 1 enters vehicle 2's travel lane and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. Vehicle 2's second critical crash envelope (V2CCE2) begins immediately after the first impact and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 3. Use the critical crash envelope which resulted in vehicle 2's first impact (V2CCE1), because NHTSA is only interested in coding the critical crash envelope which leads to a vehicle's first harmful event. For this example, Vehicle 3 has one critical crash envelope (V3CCE) which begins when driver 3 recognizes and reacts to vehicle 2 which is in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 3 and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2. 2010 419 Example 5 Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. A noncontact vehicle is parked in front of a noncontact truck-tractor (with a trailer) on the road shoulder and suddenly enters the roadway into vehicle 1's travel lane. The driver of vehicle 1 instantly brakes (with lockup) and steers left (with counterclockwise rotation) to avoid the noncontact vehicle. Vehicle 1 crosses over the center line and immediately impacts vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 had no avoidance maneuvers. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By Not distracted Not Reported Pre-Event Movement Going Straight Going Straight Critical Pre-Crash Other motor vehicle encroaching into Other motor vehicle Category lane encroaching into lane Critical Pre-Crash Event From parking lane, median, shoulder From opposite direction over or roadside left lane line Attempted Avoidance Braking and steering left No avoidance actions Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Skidding laterally - counterclockwise Tracking rotation Pre-Impact Location Stayed on roadway but left original Stayed in original travel lane travel lane Crash Type 58 59 In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE). Vehicle 1's critical crash envelope involved a successful avoidance of a noncontact vehicle and resulted in an immediate impact to vehicle 2. Vehicle 1's critical crash envelope was initiated by the noncontact vehicle; afterwards there was no opportunity for subsequent avoidance actions. Therefore, the encroachment of the noncontact vehicle into vehicle 1's travel lane is coded as the critical precrash event for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1's avoidance maneuver is coded as the action taken to avoid the noncontact vehicle. Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where vehicle 1 is in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 2 and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. The noncontact vehicle and the noncontact truck were not involved in an impact in the sequence of crash events and are therefore not coded. 420 2010 Example 5 (Diagram) 2010 421 Example 6 Vehicle 1 is traveling eastbound. A noncontact vehicle (NCV) is westbound and attempts to turn left in front of Vehicle 1 into an intersecting private driveway. Vehicle 1 braked (without lockup) and steered left to avoid the noncontact vehicle. The driver of Vehicle 1 successfully avoided the noncontact vehicle and maintained full control, but crossed into the westbound lane. Now traveling the wrong way in the westbound lane, Vehicle 1 attempted to steer right and return to the eastbound lane but struck Vehicle 2 head on. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid the crash by braking and steering right. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By Not distracted Not distracted Successful avoidance maneuver to Pre-Event Movement a previous critical event Going straight Critical Pre-Crash Other motor vehicle in lane Other motor vehicle in lane Category Critical Pre-Crash Event Traveling in opposite direction Traveling in opposite direction Attempted Avoidance Steering right Braking and steering right Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Tracking Pre-Impact Location Stayed in original travel lane Stayed in original travel lane Crash Type 52 52 In this example, Vehicle 1 has two critical crash envelopes, (V1CCE1, and V1CCE2). Vehicle 1’s first critical crash envelope (V1CCE1) ends at the point where the driver of Vehicle 1 made a successful avoidance maneuver and maintained full control of the vehicle. Vehicle 1’s second critical crash envelope (V1CCE2) begins immediately following the successful avoidance maneuver and ends at the point of impact with Vehicle 2. Use the critical crash envelope which resulted in Vehicle 1’s first impact (V1CCE2). Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE1) which begins at the point where the driver of Vehicle 2 recognizes Vehicle 1 in his/her lane and ends at the point of impact with Vehicle 1. The noncontact vehicle was not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, animal, or object in the sequence of crash events and is therefore not included. 422 2010 Example 6 (cont'd) Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2 recognizes vehicle 1 in his/her travel lane and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. The noncontact vehicle was not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, animal, or object. 2010 423 Example 7 Vehicle 1 and Vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. A police car (with lights activated) is making a traffic stop on the side of the road. The driver of Vehicle 1 is looking at the activity on his left. Before he can react, Vehicle 1 crosses the centerline and the front of vehicle 1 strikes the front of Vehicle 2. The driver of Vehicle 2 also noticed the police activity, but he was attentive to the slowing traffic ahead. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid the crash by braking and steering right. Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Driver Distracted By Distracted by outside person, object, Not distracted or event Pre-Event Movement Going straight Going straight Critical Pre-Crash This vehicle traveling Other motor vehicle encroaching Category into lane Critical Pre-Crash Over the lane line on left side of travel From opposite direction over Event lane left lane line. Attempted Avoidance No avoidance maneuver Braking and steering right Maneuver Pre-Impact Stability Tracking Skidding longitudinally rotation less than 30 degrees Pre-Impact Location Stayed on roadway but left original Stayed in original travel lane travel lane Crash Type 50 51 424 2010 PRECRASH LEVEL Element Page Element Page PC3 Vehicle Number 425 PC15 Driver Maneuvered to 461 PC4 Contributing Circumstance, 427 Avoid Motor Vehicle PC16 Driver Distracted By 465 PC5 Trafficway Description 431 PC17 Pre-Event Movement 469 PC6 Total Lanes in Roadway 435 (Prior to Recognition PC7 Speed Limit 437 of Critical Event) PC8 Roadway Alignment 441 PC18 Critical Event – Precrash 473 PC9 Roadway Grade 443 (Category) PC10 Roadway Surface Type 445 PC19 Critical Event – Precrash 475 PC11 Roadway Surface Conditions 447 (Event) PC12 Traffic Control Device 449 PC20 Attempted Avoidance 485 PC13 Device Functioning 455 Maneuver PC14 Driver’s Vision Obscured 457 PC21 Pre-Impact Stability 487 By PC22 Pre-Impact Location 489 PC23 Crash Type 491 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK PC3 VEHICLE NUMBER – PRECRASH LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:PC3 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 001- 999 Remarks: Each motor vehicle in a crash must be assigned a unique number by the Analyst. Order is not important. Numbers assigned to vehicles must be consecutive, starting with ‘001’ with no missing numbers. 2010 425 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 426 2010 PC4 CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE GES: V12 FARS:PC4 Screen Heading: Contributing Circumstances, Motor Vehicle Format: 2 numeric. Enter all the apply. Screen Name: Vehicle Contributing Factors (450-E) Long Name: Enter all contributing factors for this vehicle. SAS Name: Vehicle.Factor Oracle Name: GES.Contributors.ContributorID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26802 00 00 None 2 26803 01 01 Tires 3 26804 02 02 Brake System 4 26805 03 03 Steering 5 26806 04 04 Suspension 6 26807 05 05 Power Train 7 26808 06 06 Exhaust System 8 26809 07 07 Head Lights 9 26810 08 08 Signal Lights 10 26811 09 09 Other Lights 11 26812 10 10 Wipers 12 26813 11 11 Wheels 13 26814 12 12 Mirrors 17 26822 17 13 Windows/Windshield 15 26816 14 14 Body, Doors 16 26817 15 15 Truck Coupling / Trailer Hitch / Safety Chains 14 26823 16 16 Safety Systems 18 26819 97 17 Vehicle Contributing Factors - No Details 19 26820 98 97 Other 97 26824 77 98 Not Reported 19 26820 98 99 Unknown Remarks: Rationale: Important for determining the significance of pre-existing problems, including equipment and operation, in motor vehicles involved in crashes that could be useful in 2010 427 PC4 determining the need for improvements in manufacturing and consumer alerts. This element describes the possible pre-existing motor vehicle defects or maintenance conditions that may have contributed to the crash. None is used: • when the case materials make a positive statement that the vehicle had no defects or “none” was indicated on the PAR. • when the case materials do not indicate a defect in an available field and not reporting a defect in that field indicates None. • when the investigating officer is limited in selection and cannot select a defect in addition to another factor relevant to crash and no other indication of a defect exists in the case materials. • For omission of information see Not Reported guidance below. Tires include any defect of a tire. If the contributing factor is of the wheel (e.g., a lug nut comes off), then use the attribute Wheels. Brake System includes parking brakes. Steering is used when the case materials indicate the following may have contributed to the crash: tie rod ends, kingpins, power steering components and ball joints. Suspension is used when the case materials indicate that the vehicle’s suspension components may have contributed to the crash. These include, springs, shock absorbers, struts and control arms. Power Train is used when the case materials indicate that the vehicles power train components may have contributed to the crash. Examples are: universal joints, drive shaft and transmission. This also includes engine, differential and stuck throttles. Exhaust System includes exhaust manifold(s), headers, muffler, catalytic converter, tailpipe, etc. Other Lights is used for an indication of the tail lights contributing to the crash. It also used when the case materials indicated the “lights” of the vehicle contributed to the crash and when the case materials are coded as “other.” Wheels include loss of lug nuts. Windows/Windshield is used when there is a pre-existing defect to the windows or windshied such as improper tinting or cracks. Body, Doors includes trunk, hood, tailgate, rear doors of cargo vans, etc. Truck Coupling/Trailer Hitch/Safety Chains applies to a defective trailer hitch or an improper trailer hitch. If the case material cites this attribute. 428 2010 PC4 Safety Systems is used when the case materials indicate that the air bags failed to deploy or the air bag deployed inappropriately. Also, use this when a seat belt failure is described, such as webbing excessively worn or came unlatched. Excludes: improper use. Other includes any other component described in the case materials that is not listed in the above attribute list, such as, horns. Vehicle Contributing Factors - No Details is used if a vehicle “factor” or “defect” is indicated the case materials but no information is given concerning the nature of the “factor.” Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used only if the case material specifically indicates an “unknown defect” or “unknown contributing factor.” 2010 429 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 430 2010 TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION GES: V41 FARS:PC5 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Traffic Flow (170-E) Long Name: Describe this vehicle’s trafficway. SAS Name: Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.TrafficFlowID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 8 8 0 Non-Trafficway Area 1 1 1 1 Two-Way, Not Divided 5 0 0 5 Two-Way, Not Divided With a Continuous Left-Turn Lane 4 3 4 2 Two-Way, Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4 Feet) Median 2 2 2 3 Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier 3 4 3 4 One-Way Trafficway 6 6 6 6 Entrance/Exit Ramp 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 4 5 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated in the case materials which best describes the trafficway flow just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The trafficway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the trafficway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the trafficway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. A trafficway may include several roadways if it is a physically divided highway. Trafficways are not physically divided unless the divider is a median, barrier, or other constructed device. Pavement markings do qualify when they meet the definition of a median. Refer to the definition of On Median under Relation To Trafficway. 2010 431 PC5 A channelized lane should be considered a turn lane of the roadway it is part of, not a separate one-way roadway. Therefore, crashes occurring in a channelized lane should not be coded as a separate trafficway. Two-Way, Not Divided is used whenever there is no median. Generally, medians are not designed to legally carry traffic. NOTE: Although gores are separate roadways, and traffic islands (associated with channels) separate travel lanes, neither is involved in the determination of trafficway division. Two-Way, Not Divided, With a Continuous Left Turn Lane is used whenever the trafficway has a two-way left turn lane positioned between opposing straight-through travel lanes. It is designed to allow left turns to driveways, shopping centers, businesses, etc., while at the same time providing a separation of opposing straight-through travel lanes. Two-Way, Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4 Feet) Median is used whenever the trafficway is physically divided, however, the division is unprotected [e.g., vegetation, gravel, paved medians, trees, water, embankments and ravines that separate a trafficway (i.e., all non- manufactured barriers)]. NOTE: Raised curbed median DO NOT constitute a positive barrier in and by themselves. The unprotected medians can be of any width, however, painted paved flush areas, must be at least 4 feet in width to constitute a median strip. Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier is used whenever the traffic is physically divided and the division is protected by any concrete, metal, or other type of longitudinal barrier (i.e., all manufactured barriers). For underpass support structures and bridge rails acting as a barrier, use this attribute. Traffic Barrier refers to a physical structure such as a guardrail, a concrete safety barrier or a rock wall which has the primary function of preventing cross-median travel by deflecting and redirecting vehicles along the roadway on which they were traveling. Therefore, trees, curbing, rumble strips and drain depressions are not barriers. All traffic barriers are constructed on a median strip; therefore, if a traffic barrier exists on a divided highway, Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier must be used. If it is not known whether or not a barrier exists, assume one does and use Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier (that is, if a median is known to exist). One Way Trafficway is used whenever the trafficway is undivided and traffic flows in but one direction (e.g., one-way streets). Entrance/Exit Ramp is an auxiliary or connecting roadway used for entering or exiting through-traffic lanes of a limited access roadway. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. 432 2010 Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 2010 433 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 434 2010 PC6 TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY GES: A12/V_A12 FARS:PC6 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Number Travel Lanes (180-E) Long Name: What is the number of travel lanes for this vehicle’s roadway? SAS Name: Accident.Num_Lan, Vehicle.VNum_Lan Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.NumLanes ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 0 Non-Trafficway Area 1 1 1 1 One lane 2 2 2 2 Two lanes 3 3 3 3 Three lanes 4 4 4 4 Four lanes 5 5 5 5 Five lanes 6 6 6 6 Six lanes 7 7 7 7 Seven or more lanes 9 9 8 8 Not Reported 8 8 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated in the case materials which best represents the number of travel lanes just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. A roadway (through lanes only) is one part of a divided trafficway or, if undivided, the same as the through lanes of the trafficway. A lane that can be used for through or turning traffic (dual purpose) will be considered a through lane. 2010 435 PC6 Only lanes open for travel should be counted. Turn lanes are therefore excluded. This also excludes continuous left-turn lanes (which are considered “turn lanes”). If traffic flows in both directions and is undivided, code the total number of lanes in both directions. If the trafficway is divided into two or more roadways, code only the number of lanes for the roadway on which this vehicle was traveling. Be aware that the case materials may indicate the total number of lanes on the divided trafficway. The number of lanes counted does not include any that are rendered unusable by restriction of the right-of-way (e.g., closed due to construction). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 436 2010 PC7 SPEED LIMIT GES: A18/V_A18 FARS:PC7 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Speed Limit (250-E) Long Name: What is the legal speed limit for this vehicle’s roadway? SAS Name: Accident.Spd_Lim, Vehicle.VSpd_Lim Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.SpeedLimit ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway Area 5-75 5-75 5-75 01-97 Actual Speed Limit 97 -9997 97 98 Not Reported * 9999 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated in the case materials that best represents the speed limit just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. Furthermore, do not confuse advisory signs on entrance/exit ramps or near intersections with the actual legal maximum speed limit. If a state has a statute that uniformly reduces the maximum allowable speed within or near a construction zone, then code the indicated reduced limit. Refers to the highway speed limit that is operational at the time and place of the crash whether physically displayed or not. Disregard advisory or other speed signs since they do not indicate the legal speed limit. Acceptable speed limits are in 5 mph increments. No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway Area is used when there is no posted speed limit and no law that governs the maximum speed you can drive (dirt roads, private roads open to the 2010 437 PC7 public). Also in cases when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. When coding Speed Limit for roadways with two different speed limits (for north and south- bound lanes), use the speed limit for the direction of travel where the critical precrash event begins. When a roadway has a different speed limit for different types of vehicles, code the speed limit that is applicable to passenger cars. Example: A rural Interstate highway has a speed limit of 65 MPH for passenger cars, but the same road has a 55 MPH speed limit for heavy trucks/buses. Circumstance 1: A single-vehicle (passenger car) crash. Speed Limit = 65 MPH Circumstance 2: A single-vehicle (heavy truck/bus) crash. Speed Limit = 65 MPH Circumstance 3: A two-vehicle crash, (passenger car and heavy truck/bus) crash. Speed Limit = 65 MPH Logic: Our statisticians feel that it would be more representative to code the Speed Limit of the majority of the traffic, namely the passenger car. In addition, they feel that by identifying the car speed limit of 65 MPH, they can then determine the truck speed limit by reviewing the state’s speed limit law. (The reverse is not necessarily true.) Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Accurate coding of Speed Limit is extremely important. Do not rely solely on the PAR. Check with the State Highway Department as well. When coding Speed Limit on On-Off Ramps (i.e., when the critical precrash event occurs on the ramp), consider the following: A. When a ramp has a posted Speed Limit - a regulatory (black on white) sign, not an advisory (black on yellow) one - the posted speed should be coded. 438 2010 PC7 B. When there is an advisory speed limit or no sign at all, you should: 1. Check with your State Highway Department to see if there is an implicit speed limit for all unmarked ramps. If there is, code speed limit. 2. If there is not; code the speed limit of the controlled access highway. Values less than 15 mph are unlikely occurrences and will raise an error flag. 2010 439 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 440 2010 PC8 ROADWAY ALIGNMENT GES: A13 / V_A13 FARS:PC8 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Alignment (190-E) Long Name: What is the roadway alignment for this vehicle’s roadway? SAS Name: Accident.Align, Vehicle.VAlign Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.AlignmentID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 0 Non-Trafficway Area 1 1 1 1 Straight 2 5 5 2 Curve Right 3 6 6 3 Curve Left 4 4 4 4 Curve - Unknown Direction 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 9 3 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated on the PAR which best represents the roadway alignment just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. The PAR information is prioritized as follows: 1) Narrative 2) If a curved roadway section is shown in the diagram, code Curve. 3) If the roadway section shown in the diagram is straight, but only a small roadway section is depicted, use check-box if it is filled out. If the check box is not filled out or does not exist, code Straight. 4) If the roadway section on the diagram is straight and a large roadway section is depicted, code Straight. 5) If the roadway is not described in the narrative or shown in the diagram, use the checkbox information. Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. 2010 441 PC8 Straight is selected if the case materials indicate this vehicle’s roadway is straight. Curve Right or Curve Left is selected if the case materials indicate this vehicle’s roadway is curved or there is any curvature discernable on the diagram. Curve - Unknown Direction is selected if the case materials indicate a curve, but no curve direction (left/right) is indicated. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 442 2010 PC9 ROADWAY GRADE GES: A14 / V_A14 FARS:PC9 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Profile (200-E) Long Name: What is the roadway profile for this vehicle’s roadway? SAS Name: Accident.Profile, Vehicle.VProfile Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.ProfileID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 0 Non-Trafficway Area 1 1 1 1 Level 3 4 4 3 Hillcrest 5 5 5 5 Uphill 6 6 6 6 Downhill 7 4 4 2 Grade, Unknown Slope 4 8 8 4 Sag (Bottom) 8 7 7 8 Not Reported 9 9 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated on the PAR which best represents the roadway grade just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. Hillcrest refers to the area of transition between an uphill and a downhill grade as in the illustration on the following page. Grade, Unknown Slope is used if the case materials indicate a grade, but uphill/downhill is not indicated. 2010 443 PC9 Sag (Bottom) is a designed transition feature between a change of grade at the bottom of a hill. It is not a dip, which is a flaw. A dip on the road is not the same as a sag . A sag is a design feature whereas a dip is a flaw. The minimum length of a sag is 100 feet. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 444 2010 PC10 ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE GES: XXX FARS:PC10 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Non-Trafficway Area X X X 1 Concrete X X X 2 Blacktop, Bituminous, or Asphalt X X X 3 Brick or Block X X X 4 Slag, Gravel or Stone X X X 5 Dirt X X X 7 Other X X X 8 Not Reported X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated on the case materials which best represents the roadway surface type just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. Should be obtained from the crash report or the State Highway Department. If the Police Accident Report (PAR) lists more than one type, choose the type with the lowest number. For example, if the PAR indicates Dirt/Gravel, then use Slag, Gravel or Stone. Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. 2010 445 PC10 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 446 2010 PC11 ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS GES: A15/V_A15 FARS:PC11 Screen Heading: Environmental Conditions Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Condition (210-E) Long Name: What is the roadway surface condition for this vehicle’s roadway? SAS Name: Accident.Sur_Cond, Vehicle.VSurCond Oracle Name: GES.Roadway.SurfaceID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 Non-Trafficway Area 1 1 1 01 Dry 2 2 2 02 Wet 3 8 3 03 Snow 5 10 10 10 Slush 4 9 4 04 Ice/Frost 6 11 6 06 Water (Standing, Moving) 7 12 5 05 Sand 8 13 11 11 Mud, Dirt, Gravel 9 14 7 07 Oil 6 6 8 08 Other 97 15 97 98 Not Reported 7 7 9 99 Unknown Remarks: Enter the value indicated on the case materials which best represents the roadway surface condition just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. The roadway selected for classification is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction. These conditions may have been present but did not necessarily contribute to the crash. If more than one surface condition is indicated for this vehicle select the condition that would have most affected the vehicle’s traction. 2010 447 PC11 Non-Trafficway Area is used when this vehicle was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event. A road made of sand or dirt would be coded Dry under normal conditions, not Sand, Dirt, Oil. Wet describes a roadway surface that is covered with water from rain or melted snow. Snow describes a roadway surface that is covered with snow. Slush describes a roadway surface that is covered with melting snow. Ice/Frost includes a roadway covered with ice from freezing rain or water runoff that has pooled on the roadway and turned to ice. Sand includes sand on the roadway as a result of sand blown by wind or sand discharged on the roadway by highway trucks. Mud, Dirt, Gravel indicates these substances present on the surface of the roadway at the crash location, not the surface type of the roadway by design. Water (Standing, Moving) describes a roadway surface that is covered with water and typically localized. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: See Related Factors-Crash Level attribute Surface Under Water to see if it applies. Oil includes fuel spilled on the roadway. Other is used for roadway surface conditions not described above. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when police indicate unknown. 448 2010 PC12 TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE GES: A16/V_A16 FARS:PC12 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle # ___ Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Traffic Control Devices (245-E) Long Name: What traffic control devices are applicable to this vehicle? SAS Name: A16-Accident.Traf_Con, V_A16-Vehicle.VtrafCon Oracle Name: GES.TrafficDevices.DeviceID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS n/a 26623 00 00 No Controls Traffic Signals 2 26650 1 01 Traffic Control Signal (on colors) without Pedestrian Signal 3 26651 2 02 Traffic Control Signal (on colors) with Pedestrian Signal 4 26652 3 03 Traffic Control Signal (on colors) not known whether or not Pedestrian Signal 6 26626 8 08 Other Highway Traffic Signal 7 26627 9 09 Unknown Highway Traffic Signal 2 26625 4 04 Flashing Traffic Control Signal Regulatory Signs 1 26628 21 20 Stop Sign 2 26629 22 21 Yield Sign 11 26631 28 28 Other Regulatory Sign 12 26632 29 29 Unknown Regulatory Sign 13 26630 23 32 School Zone Sign/Device 8 26653 5 07 Lane Use Control Signal 14 26654 44 40 Warning Sign 15 26655 63 65 Railway Crossing Device 1 26638 51 50 Person 2 26642 98 98 Other 97 26656 97 97 Not Reported 3 26643 99 99 Unknown 2010 449 PC12 Remarks: Enter the attribute indicated in the case materials which best describes the traffic controls in the vehicle's environment just prior to this vehicle's critical precrash event. The roadway used for coding this element is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, this element is coded based on the roadway this vehicle was on before entering the junction. Code the attribute indicated in the case materials if it directly matches. Code this element whether the device was functioning or not. If more than one device is present, code the highest device (lowest number on list) most related to the crash. There are two exceptions: 1. One exception is Person which includes a law enforcement officer, crossing guard, flagman, etc. Person takes precedence over the entire list. 2. The other exception is an Other Regulatory Sign which includes a Regulatory Speed Limit Sign. No Controls is used if, at the time of the crash, there was no intent to control (regulate or warn) vehicle traffic. Use this attribute if statutory controls apply (e.g., state law requires that when two vehicles meet at an uncontrolled intersection, the one on the right has the right-of- way). When a traffic control is deactivated (e.g., traffic signal that emits no signals) during certain times of the day and was deactivated at the time of the crash, code No Controls. A traffic control that has just been installed and not yet activated is also coded No Controls. However, a traffic control that is out (e.g., due to a power failure) and was reported as such in the case materials is coded, unless a temporary control (e.g., stop sign, police officer, etc.) has been inserted, in which case the temporary control should be coded. Traffic Control Signal (on colors) without Pedestrian Signal refers to any highway traffic signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed, utilizing the colors of red, yellow and green. This traffic control signal does not have a pedestrian control signal. The source of actuation is of no concern. Traffic Control Signal (on colors) with Pedestrian Signal refers to any highway traffic signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed, utilizing the colors of red, yellow and green. This traffic control signal does have a pedestrian control signal. The source of actuation is of no concern. Traffic Control Signal (on colors) not known whether or not Pedestrian Signal any highway traffic signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed, utilizing the colors of red, yellow and green. It is unknown if this traffic control signal has a pedestrian control signal. The source of actuation is of no concern. 450 2010 PC12 Other Highway Traffic Signal should be coded for traffic signals that are not covered in the preceding attributes. Use this attribute when a School Bus uses flashing lights to control traffic around the bus, regardless of any additional signs the school bus uses. For example, a school bus uses flashing lights and a stop sign on an arm to stop traffic around the school bus. This should only be used if the crash occurred during the time the sign was in effect. Unknown Highway Traffic Signal is used with the investigating officer reported that the highway traffic signal was unknown at the time of crash. Flashing Traffic Control Signal usually has a single colored head and flashes. Use this attribute if it is a Highway Traffic Signal that is flashing. This includes a flashing beacon. If a flashing red beacon appears with a stop sign, use this attribute. Guide signs do not constitute traffic controls. You may have a Regulatory Speed Limit Sign along with another Traffic Control Device (for example, a Warning Sign for a dangerous condition in which the Warning Sign is more relevant in the crash). In this case, the Warning Sign is more appropriate to code. Another set of questions arises from the issue of proximity of the device to the crash. Judgment must be applied in these situations. Typical signs which create such problems are: • Speed limit signs where a party to the crash may be speeding • “Do Not Pass” signs where a no passing zone extends for miles but is only marked at the beginning of the zone • Pedestrians Prohibited signs at entrances to freeways but a pedestrian crash occurs on the freeway between interchanges • And other such signs which may pertain to a significant length of road. In these instances, if the crash occurs within reasonably close proximity of the sign and the sign type is relevant to the crash then it may be appropriate to code the sign. If there is a question as to which type a sign is, consult the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). Generally, the appropriate code should be used if a party to the crash failed to heed the sign, was in a position to be controlled by the sign, or the sign has some relationship to the crash. For example, for a crash at a four-legged, two-way stop intersection where a driver fails to stop at the stop sign and collides with another vehicle, use the attribute Stop Sign. Conversely, at the same intersection, a driver on an approach not controlled by a stop sign loses control and strikes a utility pole. In this case, Stop Sign would not be appropriate. Pavement markings are not considered as traffic control devices. Stop Sign is a traffic sign used to control vehicular traffic, usually erected at road junctions, that instructs drivers to stop and then to proceed only if the way ahead is clear. 2010 451 PC12 Yield Sign indicates that a vehicle driver must slow down and prepare to stop if necessary usually while merging into traffic on another road but needn't stop if the way is clear. Other Regulatory Sign Regulatory signs inform highway users of traffic laws or regulations and indicate the applicability of legal requirements that would not otherwise be apparent. Examples of Regulatory Signs other than Stop Sign or Yield Sign are: • Speed Limit signs • Turn Prohibition signs • Do Not Pass • Do Not Enter signs • Wrong-way • One-way signs • Road Closed signs • Hazardous Cargo signs. Unknown Regulatory Sign is used with the investigating officer reported that the regulatory sign was unknown at the time of crash. School Zone Sign/Device is used when the first harmful event occurred during the time the sign was in effect. If the sign was in effect, it does not matter whether or not children were present. Some School Zone Signs/Devices can be flashing, if this is the case, use this attribute before using Flashing Traffic Control Signal. Lane Use Control Signal is for permanent lane control electronic devices (i.e., overhead lights or “X” indicating lane open or closed for rush hour lanes, bridges or at tollbooths). Warning Signs is used when it is deemed necessary to warn traffic of existing or potentially hazardous conditions on or adjacent to a highway or street. Examples of Warning Signs are: Changes in Horizontal Alignment signs (Hill, Curve, etc.), Road Narrows, Divided Road/Divided Road Ends, Low Clearance, Road Surface Condition signs (Bump, Slippery When Wet, etc.), Traffic Flow signs (Merge, Two-way Traffic, No Passing Zone etc.). This includes electronic warning signs such as portable signs, (i.e., attached to a vehicle), or stationary devices. Also use Warning Signs for the flashing lights on an approaching train. Railway Crossing Device is used to control or warn vehicular traffic at a railway crossing. Examples: • Flashing Lights • Wigwags • Bells • Cross Bucks 452 2010 PC12 Person is someone, (e.g., police officer, crossing guard, flagman or officially designated person), that is in the act of controlling both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Other includes: any other device, which (a) functions as a traffic control device which is not listed as an attribute of this data element and (b) is not excluded by the manual and (c) is related to the crash. Some examples are: barricades, cones, drums and object markers. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported that the traffic control device at the time of crash was not known. 2010 453 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 454 2010 PC13 DEVICE FUNCTIONING GES: A17/V_A17 FARS:PC13 Screen Heading: Traffic Control Device Functioning Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Traffic Control Devices (245-E) Long Name: Was the traffic control device functioning properly? SAS Name: Accident.Traf_Fun,Vehicle.T_Cont_F Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.Trafficdevicefunct ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 1 0 No Controls 2 2 2 1 Device Not Functioning 3 3 3 2 Device Functioning - Functioning Improperly 4 4 4 3 Device Functioning Properly 7 7 7 8 Not Reported 9 9 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This data element is coded with respect to the control selected in the element Traffic Control Device. Device Not Functioning is used when the device is not functioning at all (e.g., signal out, sign knocked down). Device Functioning - Functioning Improperly is used when the device was functioning to an extent but not as intended (e.g., red signal lamp burned out, sign twisted or obscured by vegetation). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 455 PC13 Unknown is used if the investigating officer reported that it was unknown if the traffic control device was functioning at the time of crash. 456 2010 PC14 DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY GES: D04 FARS:PC14 Screen Heading: Visual Obstructions Format: 2 numeric. Enter all the apply. Screen Name: Visual Obstructions (700-E) Long Name: What visual obstructions may contribute to the crash? SAS Name: D04-Vehicle.Vis_Obsc, M_D04-Vision.MVisObsc Oracle Name: GES.DriverVision.VisionID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 00 00 No Obstruction Noted 2 2 01 01 Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust 3 3 02 02 Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights 4 4 03 03 Curve, Hill or Other Roadway Design Feature 5 5 04 04 Building, Billboard, Other Structure 6 6 05 05 Trees, Crops, Vegetation 7 7 06 06 In-Transport Motor Vehicle (including load) 8 8 07 07 Not In-Transport Motor Vehicle (parked, working) 9 9 08 08 Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle 10 10 09 09 Inadequate Defrost or Defog System 11 11 10 10 Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System 12 12 11 11 Obstruction Interior to the Vehicle 13 13 12 12 External Mirrors 17 17 13 13 Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield 18 18 14 14 Obstructing Angles on Vehicle 24 26671 95 95 No Driver Present 19 26460 97 97 Vision Obscured – No Details 20 26669 98 98 Other Visual Obstruction 21 26670 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element records impediments to a driver’s visual field that were noted in the case materials. These “visual obstructions” can appear anywhere in the case materials. Examples include a field on the PAR (e.g., “Contributing Factors”), in the narrative section, in the violations section, or in witness statements. 2010 457 PC14 No Obstruction Noted is used when the case materials give no indication of a visual obstruction for this driver. Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust is used when one or more of these conditions exist AND are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. Do not use this code when only the vehicle windshield is described as “fogged”. (See Inadequate Defrost or Defog System or Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield.) Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights is used when one or more of these conditions are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. Curve, Hill or Other Roadway Design Feature is used when any of these roadway features or design elements is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver (including embankment, sag, etc.). Building, Billboard or Other Structure is used when any of these man-made structures are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver (including traffic signs, poles, signals, etc.). Trees, Crops, Vegetation is used when any of these natural features are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. In-Transport Motor Vehicle (including load) is used when a vehicle that is in motion or stopped on the roadway is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The vehicle may be but does not have to be a contact vehicle in the case. Not In-Transport Motor Vehicle (parked, working) is used when a vehicle that is parked in a designated parking area or space, stopped in an area off the roadway or is a working motor vehicle is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The vehicle may be but does not have to be a contact vehicle in the case. Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle is used when this condition is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The splash or spray can come from water or mud, however the use of this attribute does not require it to be raining at the time of the crash. Inadequate Defrost or Defog System is used when the presence of frost or fog on the windshield was noted as being due to an inadequate system. The case materials must state specifically that the system was not operating properly. If the case material states the presence of frost or fog alone on the windshield you should use Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield. Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System is used when the case materials indicate this driver’s vision was impaired because the exterior lighting system (including head-lights, fog-lights, etc., of the driver's vehicle was deficient in some way. This would include being turned off or not operating properly. This response should not be used to describe inadequate lighting systems of other vehicles (e.g., oncoming motor vehicles) or for inadequate highway lighting. 458 2010 PC14 Obstruction Interior to the Vehicle is used when the case materials indicate this driver’s vision was impaired because of a feature in the interior of their vehicle (including head restraint, rear-view mirror, window stickers, sun shades, ornaments, windshield tinting). External Mirrors is used when the case materials indicate that an exterior mirror on this driver’s vehicle created a visual obstruction. Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield is used when this condition is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The presence of frost or fog on the windshield would apply. For a “fogged” or “frosted” windshield due to an inadequate or inoperable system see Inadequate Defrost or Defog System. Obstructing Angles on Vehicle is used when the case materials indicate that the size or shape of a driver’s own vehicle created a visual obstruction (including trailer, vehicle height, blind spot). Not to be confused with visual obstructions from other vehicles or a vehicle’s interior components such as head restraints, sun shades, etc. Vision Obscured - No Details is used when the case materials indicate that a vision impediment exists but does not clearly indicate the nature of the impediment. Other Visual Obstruction is used when the case materials indicate the nature of a vision impediment that cannot be attributed to one of the other attributes above. For example, an unattached trailer left on the road shoulder. 2010 459 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 460 2010 PC15 DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID GES: D06 FARS: PC15 Screen Heading: What the Driver Maneuvered to Avoid Format: 2 numeric Enter all that apply Screen Name: What the Driver Maneuvered to Avoid (710-E) Long Name: Encode the attribute(s) which indicate what the driver attempted to avoid. SAS Name: Vehicle.Drman_Av Oracle Name: GES.DriverManveuver.ManeuverID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26240 00 00 Driver Did Not Maneuver To Avoid 2 26241 01 01 Object 3 26242 02 02 Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Ice, Pothole, etc.) 4 26405 03 03 Live Animal 5 26685 04 04 Motor Vehicle 6 26686 05 05 Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist 14 26693 92 92 Phantom/Non-Contact Motor Vehicle 11 26690 95 95 No Driver Present 12 26701 93 98 Not Reported 10 26689 99 99 Unknown Remarks: This data element identifies the thing(s) the driver attempted to avoid while the vehicle was on the road portion of the trafficway, just prior to the first harmful event for this vehicle. The “road” by definition includes the roadway and shoulder/parking lane portions, when a shoulder/ parking lane is present. The source for this data is the crash report narrative or related crash report form fields as completed by the investigating officer. It is the officer’s assessment. Consequently, do not consider items noted only in driver or witness statement documentation unless verified by being reported in the crash report narrative. Code the thing(s) the driver tried to avoid whether the maneuver was successful or not (i.e., whether or not the driver was able to avoid the object, poor road condition, animal, vehicle or non-motorist). 2010 461 PC15 Driver Did Not Maneuver to Avoid is used when: • The crash report indicates that no avoidance maneuvers were taken by the driver. • The avoidance maneuver(s) occurred after the first harmful event for the vehicle. • The avoidance maneuver occurred when the vehicle was not on a roadway, shoulder or parking lane. Object is used when the driver attempted to avoid a non-fixed object such as; an animal carcass, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider, downed tree limbs or power lines, debris from a previous crash, rocks that fall from an adjacent hillside, a load that fell from another vehicle, debris left from a tire blowout, etc. Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Ice, Pothole, etc.) is used when the driver maneuvered to avoid the location of a road condition. Treat the condition as if it were an object. Do not use this attribute if the driver lost control while traveling on/over the road condition but made no maneuver to avoid it. Live Animal is used when the driver attempted to avoid a live animal that is stationary or moving. A dead animal carcass is considered debris and coded as Object. Motor Vehicle is used when the driver attempted to avoid another contact motor vehicle in the crash. This includes in-transport, parked or working motor vehicles. A trailer not connected to a motor vehicle would be considered an Object. Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist is used when the driver attempts to avoid a pedestrian, pedalcyclist or other non-motorist. Other Non-motorist would include persons riding on an animal, or in an animal drawn conveyance or on a personal conveyance. A person killed in a previous crash or an unoccupied pedalcycle or personal conveyance would be considered an Object. Phantom/Non-contact Motor Vehicle is used when the driver attempted to avoid another motor vehicle in the crash that was reported as a non-contact or phantom vehicle. This includes in-transport, parked or working motor vehicles. A trailer not connected to a motor vehicle would be considered an Object. No Driver Present is used when there is no driver for this vehicle. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 462 2010 PC15 Unknown is used when the information about a particular vehicle’s circumstances are reported as “unknown”. Examples include a hit-and-run driver that is not apprehended, or a fatal crash discovered weeks after the crash occurred. 2010 463 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 464 2010 PC16 DRIVER DISTRACTED BY GES: D07 FARS:PC16 Screen Heading: Driver Distractions Format: 2 numeric. Enter all the apply. Screen Name: Driver Distractions (720-E) Long Name: Encode the driver distraction(s). SAS Name: Vehicle.Dr_Dstrd Oracle Name: GES.DriverDistraction.DistractionID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26268 0 00 Not Distracted 2 17133 1 01 Looked But Did Not See 3 26270 3 03 By Other Occupant(s) 4 26271 4 04 By Moving Object in Vehicle 5 26398 5 05 While Talking or Listening to Cellular Phone 6 26690 6 06 While Dialing Cellular Phone 8 26703 16 07 Adjusting Audio And/Or Climate Controls 9 26693 9 09 While Using Other Device/Controls Integral to Vehicle 10 26694 10 10 While Using or Reaching For Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle 12 16912 12 12 Distracted by Outside Person, Object or Event 13 16913 13 13 Eating or Drinking 14 16914 14 14 Smoking Related 23 26700 15 15 Other Cellular Phone Related 19 26696 95 16 No Driver Present 22 26699 92 92 Distraction/Inattention, Details Unknown 97 26702 77 96 Not Reported 16 16910 97 97 Inattentive or Lost in Thought 17 16915 98 98 Other Distraction 18 26695 99 99 Unknown if Distracted Remarks: Record the attribute(s) which best describe this driver’s attention to driving prior to the driver’s realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if realization of an impending critical event does not occur. If this driver’s vehicle has two critical crash envelopes, record the attribute(s) which best describe the driver’s attention prior to the first Critical Precrash Event 2010 465 PC16 (i.e., prior to realization of the impending danger which the driver successfully avoided). Intoxication, Ill, Blackout, Asleep or Fatigued are not considered distractions. This information is captured under the data element Driver Condition. Not Distracted • When the case materials indicate that the individual was completely attentive to driving • When the case materials do not indicate a distraction in an available field and not reporting a distraction in that field indicates Not Distracted. • When the investigating officer is limited in selection and cannot select a distraction in addition to another factor relevant to crash and no other indication of distraction exists in the case materials. • For omission of information see Not Reported guidance below. Note: If it is unknown if the device or object was brought into the vehicle or was original equipment on this vehicle, default to Object Brought Into Vehicle. Intoxication, asleep, fatigue, illness and other physical impairments are not considered distractions. These conditions are captured in the Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash variable. Looked But Did Not See is used when the driver is paying attention to driving, but does not see the relevant vehicle, object, etc. This attribute should be used when a driver has an opportunity to take some action prior to impact, but the driver takes no action and no other distractions apply. This situation frequently occurs when an overtaking vehicle is in the driver’s “blind spot” or at intersections when a crossing vehicle is not noticed. If the driver sees the vehicle, object, etc., but does not consider it a danger, and no other distractions apply then the attribute Not Distracted would be used. By Other Occupant(s) is used when the driver was distracted by another occupant in this driver’s vehicle prior to realization of impending danger. Examples of other occupant distraction include conversing with or looking at another occupant. By Moving Object in Vehicle is used when the driver was distracted by a moving object in this driver’s vehicle prior to realization of impending danger. Examples include a dropped object, a moving pet, insect or cargo. While Talking or Listening to Cellular Phone is used when the driver is talking or listening on a cellular phone. While Dialing Cellular Phone is used when the driver is dialing or text messaging (texting) on a cellular phone. This includes dialing or text messaging on any wireless e-mail device. Adjusting Audio or Climate Controls is used when someone is distracted from the driving task while adjusting the air conditioner, heater, radio, cassette, using the radio, using the cassette or CD that are mounted in the vehicle. 466 2010 PC16 While Using Other Device/Controls Integral to Vehicle is used when the driver is distracted while using a device in the vehicle including adjusting windows (power or manual) adjusting door locks (power or manual), adjusting side view mirrors (power or manual), adjusting rear view mirror, adjusting seat (power or manual), adjusting steering wheel and adjusting seat belt, on-board navigational devices, etc. (OEM equipment). While Using or Reaching For Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle is used when the driver is distracted while using or reaching for a device in the vehicle including a radar detector, CDs, razors, portable CD player, headphones, a navigational device, cigarette lighter, etc. The use of another device to light a cigarette other than the vehicle’s cigarette lighter should be coded Smoking Related. This attribute is also used when it can not be determined if the involved device was OEM, brought into the vehicle, or a function of a cell phone (i.e. GPS). If it is unknown if the device or object was brought into the vehicle or was original equipment on this vehicle default to brought into vehicle. Distracted By Outside Person, Object or Event is used when the driver was distracted by an outside person, object or event prior to realization of impending danger. Examples include animals on the roadside or a previous crash. Do not use this attribute for a person, object or event that the driver has recognized and for which the driver has taken some action (e.g., avoiding a pedestrian on the roadway). Eating or Drinking is used when the driver is eating or drinking or involved in an activity related to these actions (e.g., picking food from carton placed on passenger seat, reaching to throw out used food wrapper, etc.) Smoking Related is used when the driver is smoking or involved in an activity related to smoking, such as lighting his cigarette, putting his ashes in the ash tray, etc. Any method of lighting the cigarette would be coded Smoking Related. Other Cellular Phone Related is used when the case material indicates the driver is distracted from the driving task due to cellular phone involvement, but none of the specified codes are applicable (e.g., reaching for cellular phone, etc.). This attribute is also applied when specific details regarding cellular phone distraction / usage are not provided. No Driver Present is used when there is no driver in this vehicle. Distraction/Inattention, Details Unknown is used when distraction and/or inattention are noted in the case materials, but the specifics are unknown. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or 2010 467 PC16 • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Inattentive or Lost in Thought is used when the driver is thinking about items other than the driving task (daydreaming). Other Distraction is used when details regarding this driver’s distraction are known but none of the specified codes are applicable. Unknown if Distracted is used when the case materials specifically indicates unknown. Also use this response when hit-and-run drivers are involved, unless the case material provides information about driver distraction/inattention. 468 2010 PC17 PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) GES: V21 FARS:PC17 Screen Heading: Vehicle Crash Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Pre Movement (520-E) Long Name: What is this vehicle’s movement prior to the critical event? SAS Name: Vehicle.P_Crash1 Oracle Name: GES.Precrash.PriorMovementID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 0 0 00 No Driver Present 2 1 1 01 Going Straight 3 2 2 02 Decelerating in traffic lane 4 3 3 03 Accelerating in traffic lane 5 4 4 04 Starting in traffic lane 6 5 5 05 Stopped in traffic lane 7 6 6 06 Passing or overtaking another vehicle 8 7 7 07 Disabled or parked in travel lane 9 8 8 08 Leaving a parking position 10 9 9 09 Entering a parking position 11 10 10 10 Turning right 12 11 11 11 Turning left 13 12 12 12 Making a U-turn 14 13 13 13 Backing up (other than for parking position) 15 14 14 14 Negotiating a curve 16 15 15 15 Changing lanes 17 16 16 16 Merging 18 17 17 17 Successful avoidance maneuver to a previous critical event 19 18 18 98 Other (specify:) 20 19 19 99 Unknown 2010 469 PC17 Remarks: Record the attribute that best describes this vehicle's activity prior to the driver's realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if the driver took no action or had no time to attempt any evasive maneuvers. Actions taken by the driver, of this vehicle, after realization of an impending danger are captured in Attempted Avoidance Maneuver. No Driver Present is pre-coded for in-transport motor vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as No Driver Present/Not Applicable. Going straight is used when this vehicle's path of travel was straight ahead on the roadway without any attempted or intended changes. Decelerating in traffic lane is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead within the traffic lane and was decelerating. Accelerating in traffic lane is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead within the traffic lane and was accelerating. Starting in traffic lane is used when this vehicle was in the process of starting forward from a stopped position within the traffic lane (e.g., start up from traffic signal). Stopped in traffic lane is used when this vehicle was stopped momentarily, with the motor running within the traffic lane (e.g., stopped for traffic signal). Passing or overtaking another vehicle is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead and was in the process of passing or overtaking another vehicle on the left or right. Disabled or parked in travel lane is used when this vehicle was parked in a travel lane (e.g., double parked, disabled) with a driver present in the vehicle. Leaving a parking position is used this vehicle was entering the travel lane from a parking area adjacent to the traffic lanes. Entering a parking position is used when this vehicle was leaving the travel lane to a parking area adjacent to the traffic lanes (i.e., in the process of parking). Turning right is used when this vehicle was moving forward and turned right, changing lanes from one roadway to a different roadway (e.g., from or to a driveway, parking lot or intersection). Turning left is used when this vehicle was moving forward and turned left, changing lanes from one roadway to a different roadway (e.g., from or to a driveway, parking lot or intersection). 470 2010 PC17 Making a U-turn is used when this vehicle was making a U-turn on the trafficway. Backing up (other than for parking position) is used when this vehicle was traveling backwards within the trafficway. Do not use this attribute if the vehicle was backing into a parking space (See Entering Parking Position) Negotiating a curve is used when this vehicle was continuing along a roadway that curved to the right or left. Changing lanes is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead and changed travel lanes to the right or left while on the same roadway. Merging is used when this vehicle was moving forward and merging from the left or right into a traffic lane (e.g., roadway narrows, exit/entrance ramps). Successful avoidance maneuver to a previous critical event is used when this vehicle responded to a previous critical event and successfully avoided an impact. However, this maneuver precipitated a subsequent critical crash envelope, which resulted in this vehicle’s first impact. Other (specify:) is used when this vehicle's pre-event movement is known but none of the specified attributes are applicable. For example, vehicles traveling on off-roadway locations would be coded as “Other”. The movement must be specified in the “specify box”. Unknown is used when the vehicle’s movement prior to the driver’s realization of an impending critical event is unknown. 2010 471 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 472 2010 PC18 CRITCAL EVENT – PRECRASH (CATEGORY) FARS:PC18 GES: V26 Format: 1 numeric Screen Heading: Precrash Events Screen Name: Critical Category (570-E) Long Name: What is the critical event category for this vehicle’s first impact? SAS Name: None Oracle Name: GES.Precrash.CrashCatEventID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 N/A 1 This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To: 2 2 N/A 2 This Vehicle Traveling 3 3 N/A 3 Other Motor Vehicle in Lane 4 4 N/A 4 Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching into Lane 5 5 N/A 5 Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist 6 6 N/A 6 Object or Animal 7 7 N/A 7 Other (specify:) 8 8 N/A 9 Unknown Remarks: When more than one condition applies and it cannot be determined which one had a greater effect, choose the higher listed attribute (e.g., This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To: takes precedence over This Vehicle Traveling). This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To: is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved control loss of this vehicle. Control loss can be related to either mechanical failure or environmentally induced vehicle instability. This Vehicle Traveling is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involves the travel path of this vehicle. Other Motor Vehicle In Lane is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the travel of the other vehicle in the same lane as this vehicle. 2010 473 PC18 Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involves the other vehicle’s movement into or across this vehicle’s travel lane from another lane, intersection, driveway or ramp. Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle involved a pedestrian, pedalcyclist or other non-motorist. A pedalcyclist is defined as a person riding a pedal power conveyance (e.g., bicycle, tricycle, etc.). A non-motorist is defined as a person riding on or in a conveyance which is not motorized or propelled by pedaling (e.g., baby carriage, skate board, roller blades, etc.). Object or Animal is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle involved an object or animal. Other (Specify:) is used when a critical factor not previously listed resulted in the collision for this vehicle. Previous impacts in the crash are not considered as other critical precrash events. For example, use this attribute if the critical event developed from this vehicle's departure from a driveway. Unknown is used when the critical precrash event which resulted in the collision is unknown. Missing interviews do not automatically result in the use of the “Unknown” attribute. 474 2010 PC19 CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) GES: V26 FARS:PC19 Screen Heading: Precrash Events Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Critical Event (575-E) Long Name: Enter the critical event for this vehicle’s first impact. SAS Name: Vehicle.P_Crash2 Oracle Name: GES.Precrash.CriticalEventID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS THIS VEHICLE LOSS OF CONTROL DUE TO: 1 10390 1 01 Blow out/flat tire 2 10391 2 02 Stalled engine 3 10392 3 03 Disabling vehicle failure (e.g., wheel fell off) (specify:) 4 10393 4 04 Non-disabling vehicle problem (e.g., hood flew up) (specify:) 5 10394 5 05 Poor road conditions (puddle, pothole, ice, etc.) (specify:) 6 10395 6 06 Traveling too fast for conditions 7 10396 8 08 Other cause of control loss (specify:) 8 17547 9 09 Unknown cause of control loss THIS VEHICLE TRAVELING 1 10397 10 10 Over the lane line on left side of travel lane 2 10398 11 11 Over the lane line on right side of travel lane 3 10399 12 12 Off the edge of the road on the left side 4 10400 13 13 Off the edge of the road on the right side 5 10425 14 14 End departure 6 10426 15 15 Turning left at intersection 7 10427 16 16 Turning right at intersection 8 10428 17 17 Crossing over (passing through) intersection 9 10429 18 18 This vehicle decelerating 10 10430 19 19 Unknown travel direction 2010 475 PC19 OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE IN LANE 1 10401 50 50 Other vehicle stopped 2 10402 51 51 Traveling in same direction with lower or steady speed 3 10403 52 52 Traveling in same direction while decelerating 4 10404 53 53 Traveling in same direction with higher speed 5 10405 54 54 Traveling in opposite direction 6 10406 55 55 In crossover 7 10422 56 56 Backing 8 10423 59 59 Unknown travel direction of the other motor vehicle in lane OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE ENCROACHING INTO LANE 1 10407 60 60 From adjacent lane (same direction) over left lane line 2 10408 61 61 From adjacent lane (same direction) over right lane line 3 10409 62 62 From opposite direction over left lane line 4 10410 63 63 From opposite direction over right lane line 5 10411 64 64 From parking lane, median, shoulder, roadside 6 10412 65 65 From crossing street, turning into same direction 7 10413 66 66 From crossing street, across path 8 10414 67 67 From crossing street, turning into opposite direction 9 10415 68 68 From crossing street, intended path not known 10 10416 70 70 From driveway, turning into same direction 11 10417 71 71 From driveway, across path 12 10418 72 72 From driveway, turning into opposite direction 13 10419 73 73 From driveway, intended path not known 14 10420 74 74 From entrance to limited access highway 15 10421 78 78 Encroachment by other vehicle - details unknown PEDESTRIAN OR PEDALCYCLIST OR OTHER NON-MOTORIST 1 10447 80 80 Pedestrian in roadway 2 10448 81 81 Pedestrian approaching roadway 3 10438 82 82 Pedestrian unknown location 4 10449 83 83 Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist in roadway (specify:) 5 10450 84 84 Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist approaching roadway (specify:) 6 10451 85 85 Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist unknown location (specify:) OBJECT OR ANIMAL 1 10452 87 87 Animal in roadway 2 10453 88 88 Animal approaching roadway 3 10454 89 89 Animal - unknown location 476 2010 PC19 4 10455 90 90 Object in roadway 5 10456 91 91 Object approaching roadway 6 10457 92 92 Object unknown location OTHER (SPECIFY:) 7 10445/58 98 98 Other critical precrash event (specify:) 8 10446 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The selection of the Critical Precrash Category will determine what Critical Precrash Events are available to select. When more than one condition applies and it cannot be determined which one had a greater effect, choose the higher listed element. This variable identifies the critical event which made the crash imminent (i.e., something occurred which made the collision possible). Responsive actions to this situation, if any, are coded under Attempted Avoidance Maneuver. A Critical Precrash Event is coded for each vehicle and identifies the circumstances leading to this vehicle's first impact in the crash. Do not refer to culpability. Many crash scenarios will suggest fault, but this should be coincidental rather than by design. As an example, vehicle 1 was speeding when vehicle 2 crossed vehicle 1’s path from a driveway. The situation which made the precrash event critical for vehicle 1 (since it did not lose control) was vehicle 2’s movement across vehicle 1’s path and not vehicle 1’s speed. This Vehicle Loss Of Control Due To: Blow out or flat tire is used when a vehicle in motion loses control as the result of an immediate tire disruption. Examples include blow out, rapid air loss, tread separation, etc. Stalled engine refers to a vehicle which is in motion and loses engine power. A stalled engine situation must precipitate a collision to be coded in this variable. A vehicle that is stopped as the result of an engine malfunction does not take this attribute. Disabling vehicle failure (e.g., wheel fell off) (specify:) is selected when a mechanical malfunction, such as a component of the vehicle suspension or steering system, leads to the critical reason for the collision. 2010 477 PC19 Non-disabling vehicle problem (e.g., hood flew up) (specify:) is selected when some mechanical abnormality occurred to this vehicle which leads to the critical reason for the collision. The abnormality must not be disabling damage. Poor road conditions (puddle, pot hole, ice, etc.) (specify:) captures control loss due to environmental conditions of the roadway. These conditions must have initiated the precrash event which resulted in the collision. Traveling too fast for conditions identifies this vehicle’s movement relative to its surroundings in which the subsequent loss of control lead to the collision. An example is a roadway departure on a curve where the driver failed to negotiate and departed the roadway resulting in an impact. If the driver merely steered straight while in a curve and departed the roadway, then the category This Vehicle Traveling may apply. Other cause of control loss (specify:) is selected when it was determined that this vehicle's loss of control was the primary reason which made the event critical and the above attributes do not adequately identify the control loss condition. Unknown cause of control loss is selected when it is known control loss made the situation critical, but it is unknown whether the vehicle or the environment caused the control loss. This Vehicle Traveling These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the travel path of this vehicle. Over the lane line on left side of travel lane is selected when this vehicle departs its lane to the left and is entering or had entered the adjoining lane or shoulder. The change of travel path by this vehicle must precipitate the critical event for the collision. As an example, this vehicle attempts to pass another vehicle on the other vehicle's left and is struck by a vehicle traveling within its travel lane in the opposite direction. However, by modifying the scenario slightly, the lane change may not always be the factor leading to the precrash event. Consider the same situation where this vehicle is passing to the left of the lead vehicle. If an animal runs into the roadway and is struck by this vehicle, then the correct choice would be Animal in Roadway. Over the lane line on right side of travel lane is selected when this vehicle departs its lane to the right and is entering or had entered the adjoining lane or shoulder. To use this attribute, change of travel path by this vehicle must precipitate the critical event for the collision. As an example, this vehicle attempts to pass another vehicle on the other vehicle's right and is struck in the rear by a vehicle traveling within its travel lane in the same direction. The correct choice for this vehicle would be Over the lane line on right side of travel lane. 478 2010 PC19 However, by modifying the scenario slightly the lane change may not always be the factor leading to the precrash event. Consider the same situation where this vehicle is passing to the right of the lead vehicle. If an animal runs into the roadway and is struck by this vehicle, then the correct choice would be Animal in roadway. Off the edge of the road on the left side identifies a situation where the initial precrash event occurred beyond the left side shoulder area. This also includes departure into a median. Off the edge of the road on the right side identifies a situation where the initial precrash event occurred beyond the right side shoulder area. End departure is used when the vehicle departs the end of the roadway (e.g., “T” intersection). Turning left at intersection is used when this vehicle attempts a left turn from its roadway to another roadway or driveway. Turning right at intersection is used when this vehicle attempts a right turn from its roadway to another roadway or driveway. Crossing over (passing through) intersection identifies this vehicle’s travel as proceeding through the intersection without any planned turning. This vehicle decelerating is used when the vehicle is decelerating, or has just stopped and was immediately struck. Unknown travel direction is used for those occasions where this vehicle’s travel made the situation critical, but it is unknown which travel direction this vehicle was moving. Other Motor Vehicle In Lane These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the travel of the other vehicle in the same lane as this vehicle. Other vehicle stopped identifies a situation where the other vehicle is not in motion (i.e., stopped, parked, disabled) and in this vehicle's travel lane. This attribute should not be used if the other vehicle just stopped and was immediately struck. Traveling in same direction with lower steady speed is used when the other vehicle was the lead vehicle in the same travel lane, traveling in the same direction, and was traveling slower than this vehicle Traveling in same direction while decelerating is used when the other vehicle was the lead vehicle in the same travel lane, traveling in the same direction, and was decelerating. 2010 479 PC19 Traveling in same direction with higher speed is used when the speed of the other vehicle was higher than this vehicle or accelerating. The other vehicle must be overtaking this vehicle. Traveling in opposite direction is used when the other vehicle was in this vehicle’s travel lane and traveling head-on in the opposite direction of this vehicle. In crossover is used when the other vehicle enters a crossover already occupied by this vehicle. A crossover is defined as a designated opening within a median used primarily for “u-turns”. Backing identifies a situation where the other vehicle was in the process of backing up while in this vehicle's travel lane. Unknown travel direction of other motor vehicle in lane is used for situations where the other vehicle's activity (while in the same lane as this vehicle) precipitated the precrash event, but the travel direction and/or speed could not be determined. Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the other vehicle’s movement into or across this vehicle’s travel lane from another lane, intersection, driveway or ramp. From adjacent lane (same direction) over left lane line is used when the other vehicle was traveling in the same direction as this vehicle and crosses the left lane line with respect to this vehicle's travel lane (i.e., other vehicle crosses its right lane line). From adjacent lane (same direction) over right lane line is used when the other vehicle was traveling in the same direction as this vehicle and crosses the right lane line with respect to this vehicle's travel lane (i.e., other vehicle crosses its left lane line). From opposite direction over left lane line identifies a situation where the other vehicle crosses the left lane line while traveling in the opposite direction from this vehicle. From opposite direction over right lane line identifies a situation where the other vehicle crosses the right lane line while traveling in the opposite direction from this vehicle. From parking lane, median, shoulder, roadside is selected when the other vehicle was departing one of these trafficway components and entering the travel lane of this vehicle. From crossing street, turning into same direction is used when the other vehicle was turning from another roadway onto this vehicle's roadway and attempted to travel in the same 480 2010 PC19 direction as this vehicle. Use this attribute for entrance ramps leading onto limited access highways. From crossing street, across path is used when the other vehicle was continuing straight through the intersection and attempted to cross over this vehicle's roadway. From crossing street, turning into opposite direction is used when the other vehicle was entering an intersection from another roadway and was turning or attempting to turn onto this vehicle’s roadway in the opposite travel direction of this vehicle. From crossing street, intended path not known is used when the other vehicle’s entrance into the intersection was the critical factor which led to the collision, however, the other vehicle's travel direction could not be determined. From driveway, turning into same direction is used when the other vehicle was turning from a driveway onto this vehicle's roadway and attempted to travel in the same direction as this vehicle. From driveway, across path is used when the other vehicle was entering this vehicle’s roadway from a driveway and was continuing straight across to another driveway or roadway. From driveway, turning into opposite direction is used when the other vehicle was entering this vehicle’s roadway from a driveway and was attempting to turn into the opposite travel direction of this vehicle. From driveway, intended path not known is used to identify driveway-related precrash events where details surrounding the other vehicle's intended path are not known. From entrance to limited access highway is used for entrance ramp situations where the other vehicle was attempting to enter (merge) onto the limited access highway that was being traveled by this vehicle. Encroachment by other vehicle details unknown is used for situations where the other vehicle initiated the critical precrash event, but circumstances surrounding the other vehicle’s encroachment are unknown. Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle involved a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other non-motorist. A pedalcyclist is defined as a person riding a pedal powered conveyance (e.g., bicycle, tricycle, etc.). A non-motorist is defined as a person riding on or in a conveyance which is not motorized or propelled by pedaling (e.g., baby carriage, skate board, roller blades, etc.). 2010 481 PC19 Pedestrian in roadway is used when a pedestrian was present (e.g., sitting, standing, walking or running, etc.) in the roadway. Pedestrian approaching roadway identifies situations where a pedestrian was within the trafficway and moving toward the roadway or attempting to enter the roadway, but was not on the roadway. Pedestrian unknown location is used when it was determined the presence or action of a pedestrian was the critical factor which lead to this vehicle’s collision, but the location or action of the pedestrian was not known. Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist in roadway, (specify:) is selected when a pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was present in the roadway (irrespective of relative motion). Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist approaching roadway (specify:) identifies situations where the pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was within the trafficway and moving toward the roadway or attempting to enter the roadway, but was not on the roadway. Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist unknown location (specify:) is used when it was determined the presence or action of a pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was the critical factor which led to this vehicle's collision, but the action of the pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was not known. Object or Animal These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle involved an object or animal. Animal in roadway is used when an animal was present (i.e., stationary or moving) in the roadway. Animal approaching roadway identifies situations where an animal was within the trafficway and moving toward the roadway or attempting to enter the roadway, but not on the roadway. Animal - unknown location is used when it was determined the presence or action of an animal was the critical factor which led to this vehicle's collision, but the action of the animal was not known. Object in roadway is used when an object was present in the roadway. An object is defined as being either fixed or non-fixed (only non-fixed objects are captured in this attribute). Object approaching roadway identifies situations where an object was within the trafficway and moving toward the roadway, but not on the roadway. 482 2010 PC19 Object unknown location is selected when it was determined the presence or movement of an object was the critical factor which led to this vehicle's collision, but details surrounding the location of the object were not known. Other (specify:) These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle was not previously listed. Other Critical Precrash Event (specify:) is used when a critical factor not previously listed resulted in the collision for this vehicle. Previous impacts in the crash are not considered as “other critical precrash events”. For example, use this code if the critical event developed from this vehicle’s departure from a driveway. Unknown is used when the critical precrash event that resulted in the collision is not known. Precrash Event Scenarios for Different Rear-End Collision Situations Two Vehicle Collisions Trail Vehicle Lead Vehicle Pre-Event 1) Movement Going straight Going straight Both vehicles in motion. Leading Critical Precrash Other motor vehicle In vehicle, traveling at steady Category Other motor vehicle in Lane lane speed, is struck from behind by trailing vehicle. Critical Precrash Traveling in same direction Traveling in same direction Event with lower steady speed with higher speed Pre-Event 2) Both vehicles traveling at same Movement Going straight Going straight speed. Lead vehicle decelerates and trailing vehicle continues at Critical Precrash Category Other motor vehicle in lane This vehicle traveling initial speed. Trailing vehicle eventually applies brakes before striking the lead vehicle. Critical Precrash Traveling in same direction Event This vehicle decelerating while decelerating Pre-Event 3) Movement Going straight Going straight Both vehicles traveling at same Critical Precrash speed. Lead vehicle stops and Category Other motor vehicle in lane Other motor vehicle in lane is immediately struck by trailing vehicle. Critical Precrash Traveling in same direction Traveling in same direction Event while decelerating with higher speed Pre-Event 4) Movement Going straight Stopped in traffic Lead vehicle is stopped on Critical Precrash Category Other motor vehicle in lane Other motor vehicle in lane roadway and is struck by a trailing vehicle. Critical Precrash Traveling in same direction Event Other vehicle stopped with higher speed Pre-Event 5) Movement Stopped in traffic lane Stopped in traffic lane Lead and trailing vehicle Critical Precrash stopped on roadway. Lead Category Other motor vehicle in lane Other motor vehicle in lane vehicle backs into trailing vehicle. Critical Precrash Event Backing Other vehicle stopped 2010 483 PC19 Three Vehicle Collisions Trail Vehicle Middle Vehicle Lead Vehicle Pre-Event 6) Two vehicles stopped Movement Decelerating Stopped in traffic Stopped in traffic in traffic, struck by Critical decelerating trailing Other motor vehicle Other motor vehicle Other motor vehicle in Precrash vehicle Category in lane in lane lane Critical Traveling in same Traveling in same Other vehicle Precrash direction while direction with higher Event stopped decelerating speed Pre-Event 7) Lead vehicle stopped Movement Going straight Decelerating Stopped in traffic in traffic, middle vehicle decelerating, Critical Other motor vehicle Other motor vehicle Other motor vehicle in trailing vehicle strikes Precrash Category in lane in lane lane middle vehicle which strikes lead vehicle. Critical Traveling in same Traveling in same Traveling in same Precrash direction while direction with higher direction with higher Event decelerating speed speed 484 2010 PC20 ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER GES: V27 FARS:PC20 Screen Heading: Attempted Avoidance Maneuver Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Corrective Action (585-E) Long Name: What corrective action(s) are attempted by this driver? SAS Name: Vehicle.P_Crash3 Oracle Name: GES.CorrectiveAction.CorrectActionID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 17132 0 00 No Driver Present 2 26375 1 01 No Avoidance Maneuver 3 26376 2 02 Braking (no lockup) 4 26383 3 03 Braking (lockup) 5 17127 4 04 Braking (lockup unknown) 6 17128 5 05 Releasing brakes 7 26380 6 06 Steering left 8 26381 7 07 Steering right 9 26406 8 08 Braking and steering left 10 26620 9 09 Braking and steering right 11 26382 10 10 Accelerating 12 17130 11 11 Accelerating and steering left 13 17131 12 12 Accelerating and steering right 14 26621 98 98 Other actions (specify:) 15 26622 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Attempted avoidance maneuvers are movements/actions taken by the driver, within a critical crash envelope, in response to a Critical Precrash Event. See Precrash Data Overview for an expanded discussion on precrash definitions. Attempted avoidance maneuvers occur after the driver has realization of an impending danger. This element assesses what the driver's action(s) was in response to his/her realization. 2010 485 PC20 This variable may be used independently: (1) of any maneuvers associated with this driver's Crash Type, and (2) this vehicle's first associated crash event. Select the attribute which best describes the actions taken by the driver in response to the Critical Precrash Event, within the critical crash envelope that occurred just prior to this vehicle's impact. When there was a known action (e.g., braking), but you cannot determine whether there was more than one action (e.g., braking and steering left), default to the known action (e.g., braking). No Driver Present is pre-coded for in-transport motor vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as No Driver Present/Not Applicable. No Avoidance Maneuver is selected whenever the driver did not attempt any evasive (pre- impact) maneuvers. Braking (no lockup) is selected when there is no indication that the brakes locked up. This attribute can be used with vehicles equipped with anti-lock braking systems (ABS) that perform as designed. Braking (lockup) is selected when there is indication that the brakes locked up. This attribute is generally not a valid choice for vehicles with anti-lock braking systems (ABS) unless definite evidence of lockup exists. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Other Actions, (Specify:) is used when the Police Accident Report indicates the driver took certain avoidance actions, but none of the specified attributes apply. This value also applies when there are reported movements / actions taken by the driver with no information provided about the driver's specific actions. (e.g., “The driver of Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid the collision, but was unsuccessful”). Unknown is used when it cannot be determined from any section of the PAR if the driver attempted an avoidance maneuver. 486 2010 PC21 PRE-IMPACT STABILITY GES: V28 FARS:PC21 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle # ___ Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Vehicle Control (590-E) Long Name: What is the pre-impact stability of this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.PCrash4 Oracle Name: VEHILCEPRECRASH.PICKPREIMPACTSTABILITY ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10207 0 0 No Driver Present 2 10208 1 1 Tracking 3 10209 2 2 Skidding longitudinally rotation less than 30 degrees 4 10210 3 3 Skidding laterally clockwise rotation 5 10211 4 4 Skidding laterally counterclockwise rotation 6 10215 7 7 Other vehicle loss-of-control (specify:) 7 10216 9 9 Precrash stability unknown Remarks: The purpose of this variable is to assess the stability of the vehicle after the critical event, but before the impact. The stability of the vehicle prior to an avoidance action is not considered except in the following situation: A vehicle that is out of control (e.g., yawing clockwise) prior to an avoidance maneuver is indicated as Other vehicle loss-of-control (specify:) only if an avoidance action was taken in response to an impending danger. Thus, this variable focuses upon this vehicle's dynamics after the critical event. No Driver Present is pre-coded for in-transport motor vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as No Driver Present/Not Applicable. Tracking is used when there is no brake lockup and the vehicle continued along its intended path without rotation. Stopped, slowing, turning or accelerating to avoid a rear-end collision are examples. 2010 487 PC21 Skidding longitudinally rotation less than 30 degrees is selected when there is brake lockup or whenever tire marks are apparent without brake lockup (braking or non-braking) and rotation is less than 30 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise. If there is no information to support rotation greater than or equal to 30 degrees, then use this attribute. Skidding laterally clockwise rotation is selected when the vehicle rotates clockwise, relative to the driver's seating position. The vehicle must rotate 30 degrees or more. This attribute also applies when the driver attempts a steering input (i.e., steers right), but the vehicle rotates clockwise. Skidding laterally counterclockwise rotation is selected when the vehicle rotates counterclockwise, relative to the driver's seating position. The vehicle must rotate 30 degrees or more. This attribute also applies when the driver attempts a steering input (i.e., swerves left), but the vehicle rotates counterclockwise. Other vehicle loss-of-control (specify:) is selected when a driver loses control of a vehicle prior to the critical event. Precrash stability unknown is selected when the stability of the vehicle, after the Critical Event, cannot be determined. 488 2010 PC22 PRE-IMPACT LOCATION GES: V29 FARS:PC22 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle # ___ Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Vehicle Location (600-E) Long Name: What is the pre-impact location of this vehicle? SAS Name: Vehicle.PCrash5 Oracle Name: GES.Precrash.LocationID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 0 0 No Driver Present 2 2 1 1 Stayed in original travel lane 3 3 2 2 Stayed on roadway, but left original travel lane 4 4 3 3 Stayed on roadway, not known if left original travel lane 5 5 4 4 Departed roadway 6 6 5 5 Remained off roadway 7 7 6 6 Returned to roadway 8 8 7 7 Entered roadway 9 9 99 9 Unknown Remarks: The purpose of this variable is to assess the location of the vehicle after the critical event, but before the impact. Select the attribute which best describes the location of the vehicle (i.e., perimeter of the vehicle from the case diagram). No Driver Present is used when there is no driver in this vehicle. Stayed in original travel lane is selected when the vehicle remained within the boundaries of its initial travel lane. Stayed on roadway but left original travel lane is selected when the perimeter of the vehicle departed its initial travel lane; however, the vehicle remained within the boundaries of the roadway (travel lanes). 2010 489 PC22 Stayed on roadway, not known if left original travel lane is selected when it cannot be ascertained whether the vehicle remained within its initial travel lane. To use this attribute, the vehicle must have remained within the boundaries of the roadway. Departed roadway is selected when the vehicle departed the roadway as a result of a precrash motion. The roadway departure must not be related to the post-impact trajectory of a crash within the roadway. Remained off roadway the precrash motion occurred outside the boundaries of the roadway. This includes traveling on the shoulders, within the median, on the roadside, or off the trafficway. Returned to roadway is selected when the vehicle was on the roadway, went off the roadway and then returned to the roadway during precrash motion. Entered roadway is selected when the vehicle was not previously on the roadway and then the vehicle enters the roadway during precrash motion. Unknown the precrash motion of the vehicle cannot be determined. 490 2010 P23 CRASH TYPE GES: V23 FARS:PC23 Screen Heading: Vehicle Crash Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Category (540-E) Long Name: What is the crash type category for the first harmful event? SAS Name: None / None / Vehicle.Acc_Type Oracle Name: GES.Vehicle.CrashConfigID, GES.Vehicle.CrashCatID, GES.Vehicle.CrashTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS As assigned by the selection on the next screens 1 00 00 00 No Impact 01-93 3 98 98 98 Other Crash Type 4 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The Crash Type is a numeric value assigned by selecting the Crash Category and the Crash Configuration on the next screens/pages. The number can be directly entered or edited here, however, the two-step process of selecting the Crash Category And Crash Configuration is preferred to visualize the crash scenario. The first harmful event may include a collision between a vehicle and some object, accompanied by property damage or human injury. The object may be another vehicle, a person, an animal, a fixed object, the road surface or the ground. If the first collision is a rollover, the impact is with the ground or road surface. The collision may also involve plowing into soft ground, if severe vehicle deceleration results in damage or injury. A road departure without damage or injury is not defined as a harmful event. 2010 491 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 492 2010 P23 Cate- Config- CRASH TYPES (includes intent) gory uration 01 02 03 04 05 A Right DRIVE CONTROL/ AVOID COLLISION SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Roadside OFF ROAD TRACTION LOSS WITH VEH., PED., ANIM. OTHER UNKNOWN Departure Driver 09 10 B 06 07 08 I Left Single DRIVE CONTROL/ AVOID COLLISION SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Roadside OFF ROAD TRACTION LOSS WITH VEH., PED., ANIM. OTHER UNKNOWN Departure 11 12 13 14 16 C 15 SPECIFICS PEDESTRIAN/ END SPECIFICS Forward PARKED VEH. STA. OBJECT UNKNOWN ANIMAL DEPARTURE OTHER Impact 22 26 30 (EACH - 32) (EACH - 33) D 20 21 24 25 28 29 Rear STOPPED SPECIFICS SPECIFICS 23 SLOW ER 27 D E C E L. 31 Same Trafficway End OTHER UNKNOWN Same Direction 21, 22, 23 25, 26, 27 29, 30, 31 34 36 38 40 (EACH - 42) (EACH - 43) E 35 37 39 41 II CONTROL/ CONTROL/ SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Forward AVOID COLLISION AVOID COLLISION TRACTION LOSS TRACTION LOSS WITH VEH. WITH OBJECT OTHER UNKNOWN Impact 46 (E A C H - 4 8 ) (E A C H - 4 9 ) F 44 45 S P E C IF IC S S P E C IF IC S Angle, 45 47 OTHER UNKNOW N Sideswipe G 51 (EACH - 52) (EACH - 53) 50 SPECIFICS OTHER SPECIFICS UNKNOWN Head-On Opposite Direction Same Trafficway 54 56 58 60 (EACH - 62) (EACH - 63) H 55 57 59 61 III Forward CONTROL/ CONTROL/ AVOID COLLISION AVOID COLLISION SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Impact TRACTION LOSS TRACTION LOSS WITH VEH. WITH OBJECT OTHER UNKNOWN 65 (EACH - 66) (EACH - 67) 64 I Lateral Moves Angle, SPECIFICS OTHER SPECIFICS UNKNOWN Sideswipe I 2010 493 PC23 69 70 73 (EACH - 74) (EACH - 75) J 68 71 72 Change Trafficway Initial SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Vehicle Turning Turn OTHER UNKNOWN Across Opposite Directions Initial Same Directions Path IV (EACH - 84) (EACH - 85) 77 79 K 81 82 SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Turn Into 76 78 80 83 OTHER UNKNOWN Path Turn Into Same Direction T u rn In to O p p o site D ire ction 8 7 S tru c k Intersect L (EACH - 90) (EACH - 91) Paths o n th e R ig h t 88 V 8 9 S tru c k Straight 86 S trik in g o n th e le ft SPECIFICS SPECIFICS Paths S trik in g fro m fro m th e L e ft OTHER UNKNOWN th e R i g h t 92 93 98 Other Accident Type VI Misc. M Other Veh. 99 Unknown Accident Type Backing Veh. or Object 00 No Impact Backing, Etc. CRASH TYPES (includes intent) 494 2010 PC23 Category I. Single Driver Configuration A. Right Roadside Departure The vehicle departed the right side of the road with the first harmful event occurring off the road. 01 Right Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road Use Right Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road when the vehicle departed the road under a controlled situation (e.g., the driver was distracted, fell asleep, intentionally departed, etc.) 02 Right Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss Use Right Roadside Departure: Control/Traction when there is evidence that the vehicle lost traction or "got away" from the driver in some other way (e.g., the vehicle spun off the road as a result of surface conditions, oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions). If doubt exists, use Right Roadside Departure, Drive Off Road. 03 Right Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal Use Right Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal when the vehicle departed the road to avoid something on the road. Phantom vehicle situations, pedestrians, bicyclists, and other cyclists and non-motorists are included here. 2010 495 PC23 04 Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Other Use Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Other if the vehicle departed the road to avoid something on the road other than a vehicle, pedestrian or animal. Also use "Specifics Other" for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 05 Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown Use Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown if the vehicle departed the right side of the road for unknown reasons. Configuration B. Left Roadside Departure 06 Left Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road Use Left Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road when the vehicle departed the road under a controlled situation (e.g., the driver was distracted, fell asleep, intentionally departed, etc.) 07 Left Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss Use Left Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss if there is evidence that the vehicle lost traction or “got away” from the driver in some other way (e.g., the vehicle spun off the road 496 2010 PC23 as a result of surface conditions, oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions.) If doubt exists, use Left Roadside Departure, Drive Off Road. 08 Left Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal Use Left Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal when the vehicle departed the road to avoid something on the road. Phantom vehicle situations, pedestrians, bicyclists, and other cyclists and non-motorists are included here. 09 Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Other Use Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Other if the vehicle departed the road to avoid something on the road other than a vehicle, pedestrian or animal. Also, use “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 10 Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown Use Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown if the vehicle departed the left side of the road for unknown reasons. Configuration C. Forward Impact The vehicle struck an object on the road or off the end of a trafficway while moving forward. 2010 497 PC23 11 Forward Impact: Parked Vehicle Use Forward Impact: Parked Vehicle if the crash involves impact with a parked vehicle on either side of the road. 12 Forward Impact: Stationary Object Use Forward Impact: Stationary Object if the crash involves impact with a stationary object on either side of the road. 13 Forward Impact: Pedestrian/Animal Use Forward Impact: Pedestrian/Animal if the first harmful event involves impact with a pedestrian or animal on either side of the road. Pedestrians, bicyclists, and other cyclists and non-motorists are included here. Vehicle plane of contact is NOT a consideration. 14 Forward Impact: End Departure Use Forward Impact: End Departure when the vehicle ran off the end of the road and crashed into something. 498 2010 PC23 15 Forward Impact: Specifics Other Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other for impacted (striking or struck) trains and non- stationary objects on the road. Also use “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 16 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a single driver was involved in a forward impact collision, but no further classification is possible. Category II. Same Trafficway, Same Direction Configuration D. Rear-End The front of the overtaking vehicle impacted the rear of the other vehicle. Note, even if the rear-impacted vehicle had started to make a turn, code here (not in Category IV - Change in Trafficway, Vehicle Turning). 20 Rear-End: Stopped Use Rear-End: Stopped for a vehicle that impacts another vehicle from the rear when the impacted vehicle was stopped in the trafficway. 2010 499 PC23 21 Rear-End: Stopped, Straight Use Rear-End: Stopped, Straight for a rear-impacted vehicle that was stopped in the trafficway, and was intending to proceed straight ahead. 22 Rear-End: Stopped, Left Use Rear-End: Stopped, Left for a rear-impacted vehicle that was stopped in the trafficway, intending to make a left turn. 23 Rear-End: Stopped, Right Use Rear-End: Stopped, Right for a rear-impacted vehicle that was stopped in the trafficway, intending to make a right turn. 500 2010 PC23 24 Rear-End: Slower Use Rear-End: Slower for a vehicle that impacts another vehicle from the rear when the impacted vehicle was going slower than the striking vehicle. 25 Rear-End: Slower, Going Straight Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Straight for a rear-impacted vehicle that was going slower than the other vehicle while proceeding straight ahead. 26 Rear-End: Slower, Going Left Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Left for a rear-impacted vehicle that was going slower than the other vehicle while intending to turn left. 27 Rear-End: Slower, Going Right Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Right for a rear-impacted vehicle that was going slower than the other vehicle while intending to turn right. 2010 501 PC23 28 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing) Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing) for a vehicle which impacts another vehicle from the rear when the impacted vehicle was slowing down. 29 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Straight Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Straight for a rear-impacted vehicle that was slowing down while proceeding straight ahead. 30 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Left Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Left for a rear-impacted vehicle that was slowing down while intending to turn left. 31 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Right Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Right for a rear-impacted vehicle that was slowing down while intending to turn right. 502 2010 PC23 32 Rear-End: Specifics Other Use Rear-End: Specifics Other for rear-end collisions which cannot be described in “20-31.” Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 33 Rear-End: Specifics Unknown Use Rear-End: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a rear-end collision occurred, but no further classification is possible. Configuration E. Forward Impact The front of the overtaking vehicle impacted the rear of the other vehicle, following a steering maneuver around a noninvolved vehicle or object. 34 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that's frontal area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle) while both are traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction. 35 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision 2010 503 PC23 with a non-involved vehicle) while both are traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction. 36 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that's frontal area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while both are traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction. 37 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while both are traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction. 38 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that struck the rear of another vehicle with its front plane while maneuvering to avoid collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction. 504 2010 PC23 39 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that was impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle which was maneuvering to avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction. 40 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that struck the rear of another vehicle with its front plane while maneuvering to avoid collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction. 41 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that was impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle that was maneuvering to avoid a collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction. 2010 505 PC23 42 Forward Impact: Specifics Other Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other (for both vehicles) for a forward impact collision that occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction, and the striking vehicle was attempting to avoid a vehicle or an object that cannot be described by “34 - 40.” Also, use this code for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle that would otherwise qualify for this configuration. 43 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates that a forward impact collision occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway and in the same direction, but no further classification was possible. Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle The two vehicles are involved in an impact involving the side of one or both vehicles. The following four attributes, Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left, Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right, Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right and Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left identify relative vehicle positions (left versus right) and lane of travel intentions (straight ahead versus changing lanes). From these four codes, four combinations are permitted. They are: 1. Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left and Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right. 2. Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right and Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right. 3. Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right and Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left. 4. Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right and Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left. When used in combination, these codes refer to a sideswipe or angle collision that involved a vehicle to the left of a vehicle to the right where: 506 2010 PC23 1. neither vehicle (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left and Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) intended to change its lane; 2. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) was changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) was not intending to change its lane; 3. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) was not intending to change its lane, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left) was changing lanes to the left, and 4. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) was changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left) was changing lanes to the left. In addition, when: 1. the right sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the vehicle on the right, or 2. the left sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the vehicle on the left. Select the appropriate combination depending upon: 1. their positions (i.e., left versus right) and 2. the intended lane of travel (straight ahead versus changing lanes) of their drivers. 44 Sideswipe/Angle: Straight Ahead on Left See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an explanation of when this attribute applies. 45 Sideswipe/Angle: Straight Ahead on Left/Right See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an explanation of when this attribute applies. 2010 507 PC23 46 Sideswipe/Angle: Changing Lanes to the Right See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an explanation of when this attribute applies. 47 Sideswipe/Angle: Changing Lanes to the Left See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an explanation of when this attribute applies. 48 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other if one vehicle was behind the other prior to a sideswipe/angle collision occurring while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway and in the same direction. For example, use this code when two vehicles are on the same trafficway and going the same direction, and one loses control and is struck in the side by the front of the other vehicle. However, if one vehicle rotates such that the impact is front to front, then use code “98” (Other crash type). Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 508 2010 PC23 49 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown for sideswipe/angle collisions that occur while both vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway and in the same direction, when no further classification is possible. Category III. Same Trafficway, Opposite Direction Configuration G. Head-On The frontal area of one vehicle impacted the frontal area of another. 50 Head-On: Lateral Move (Left/Right) Use Head-On: Lateral Move (Left/Right) for a vehicle that LEAVES ITS LANE [moves laterally (sideways)] immediately before colliding head-on with another vehicle, when the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 51 Head-On: Lateral Move (Going Straight) Use Head-On: Lateral Move (Going Straight) for a vehicle that collides head-on with another vehicle which has IMMEDIATELY LEFT ITS LANE (moved laterally), when the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 2010 509 PC23 52 Head-On: Specifics Other Use Head-On: Specifics Other for a head-on collision that cannot be described by “50-51”, when the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. Clarification: Enter “52” for both vehicles involved in a head-on collision when one is traveling the wrong way on a one way roadway. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 53 Head-On: Specifics Unknown Use Head-On: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a head-on collision occurred between two vehicles traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions, when no further classification is possible. Configuration H. Forward Impact The frontal area of one vehicle impacted the frontal area of another following a steering maneuver around a noninvolved vehicle or an object. 54 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle whose frontal area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with a third vehicle) while the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 510 2010 PC23 55 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with a third vehicle) while the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 56 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle whose frontal area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 57 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions. 2010 511 PC23 58 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle whose frontal area impacts another vehicle while maneuvering to avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite directions. 59 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that was impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle which was maneuvering to avoid collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite directions. 60 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that struck the front of another vehicle with the frontal plane while maneuvering to avoid collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite directions. 512 2010 PC23 61 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that was impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle that was maneuvering to avoid collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite directions. 62 Forward Impact: Specifics Other Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other for forward impact collisions occurring while the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions that cannot be described by “54-61”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a "driverless in-transport vehicle." 63 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a forward impact collision occurred while the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions, but no further classification is possible. Configuration I. Sideswipe/Angle The two vehicles are involved in an impact involving the side of one or both vehicles. 64 Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Left/Right) 2010 513 PC23 Use Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Left/Right) identifies the vehicle which infringed upon the other vehicle (code “65”) in a Category III, Configuration I collision; i.e., enter “64” for the vehicle which left its lane (moved laterally) leading to the collision. 65 Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Going Straight) Use Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Going Straight) for the vehicle that was infringed upon by the other vehicle (code “64”) in a Category III, Configuration I collision. 66 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other for sideswipe/angle collisions occurring while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions that cannot be described by “64-65”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a "driverless in-transport vehicle." 67 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a sideswipe/angle collision occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions, but no further classification is possible. Category IV. Changing Trafficway, Vehicle Turning Configuration J. Turn Across Path The two vehicles were initially on the same trafficway when one vehicle tried to turn onto another trafficway and pulled in front of the other vehicle. Vehicles making a "U" turn are identified in Category VI. Miscellaneous. 514 2010 PC23 68 Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right) Use Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right) identifies the vehicle which turned across the path of another vehicle (Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight)) in a Category IV, Configuration J collision, in which the vehicles were initially traveling in opposite directions. 69 Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight) Use Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right)) across its Path, and in which the vehicles were initially traveling in opposite directions. 70 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right) Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right) for a vehicle that turned right, across the path of another vehicle (Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)), when both vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction. 71 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight) Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight) for a vehicle whose path was crossed by a vehicle turning right (Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right), when both vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction. 2010 515 PC23 72 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Left) Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Left) for a vehicle that turned left, across the path of another vehicle (Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)), when both vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction. 73 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight) Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)” for a vehicle whose path was crossed by a vehicle turning left (Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Left)), when both vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction. 74 Turn Across Path: Specifics Other Use Turn Across Path: Specifics Other for collisions in which one vehicle turned across another's path, which cannot be described by “68-72”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 75 Turn Across Path: Specifics Unknown Use Turn Across Path: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates one vehicle turned across another's path, causing a collision, but no further classification is possible. 516 2010 PC23 Configuration K. Turn Into Path The two vehicles were initially on different trafficways when one attempted to turn into the same trafficway as the other vehicle. Note, the focus of this configuration is on the turning maneuver from one trafficway to another and not on the vehicles' plane of contact. 76 Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left) Use Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left) for a vehicle that turned left, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)), so that both vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of the collision. 77 Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) Use Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) for a vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left)) turned left, into its path, so that both vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of the collision. 78 Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right) Use Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right) for a vehicle that turned right, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)), so that both vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of the collision. 2010 517 PC23 79 Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) Use Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) for a vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right)) turned right, into its path, so that both vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of the collision. 80 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right) Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right) for a vehicle that turned right, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)), so that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the collision. 81 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right)) turned right, into its path, so that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the collision. 82 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left) Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left) for a vehicle that turned left, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)), so that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the collision. Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left) is used when the driver's vehicle was in the act of making a left turn (e.g., from a driveway, parking lot or intersection). Do not confuse this 518 2010 PC23 situation with “Configuration L - Straight Paths.” The driver's intended path is the prime concern. 83 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left)) turned left, into its path, so that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the collision. 84 Turn Into Path: Specifics Other Use Turn Into Path: Specifics Other for collisions in which one vehicle turned across another's path, which cannot be described by “76-83”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 85 Turn Into Path: Specifics Unknown Use Turn Into Path: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates one vehicle turned into another's path, causing a collision, but no further classification is possible. Category V. Intersecting Paths (Vehicle Damage) Configuration L. Straight Paths The two vehicles were proceeding (or attempting to proceed) straight ahead. 2010 519 PC23 86 Straight Paths: Striking from the Right Use Straight Paths: Striking from the Right for a vehicle that strikes the right side of another vehicle (code “87”) from the right when both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., right side damage to 87, front damage to 86. 87 Straight Paths: Struck on the Right Use Straight Paths: Struck on the Right for a vehicle that is struck on the right side by another vehicle (Straight Paths: Striking from the Right) from the right when both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., right side damage to 87, front damage to 86. 88 Straight Paths: Striking from the Left Use Straight Paths: Striking from the Left for a vehicle that strikes another vehicle (Straight Paths: Struck on the Left) from the left when both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., left side damage to 89, front damage to 88. 520 2010 PC23 89 Straight Paths: Struck on the Left Use Straight Paths: Struck on the Left for a vehicle that is struck on the left side by another vehicle (Straight Paths: Striking from the Left) from the left when both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., left side damage to 89, front damage to 88. 90 Straight Paths: Specifics Other Use Straight Paths: Specifics Other for collisions in which two vehicles, both going straight, collide when their paths intersect, which cannot be described by “86-89”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle. 91 Straight Paths: Specifics Unknown Use Straight Paths: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates two vehicles, both going straight, collided when their paths intersected, but no further classification is possible. Category VI. Miscellaneous Configuration M. Backing, Etc. One of the two vehicles involved was a backing vehicle, regardless of its location on the trafficway or the damage location on the vehicles. Any crash configuration that cannot be described in Category I. through V. is included here. 2010 521 PC23 92 Backing, Etc.: Backing Vehicle Use Backing, Etc.: Backing Vehicle for a backing vehicle which was involved with another vehicle (code 93) or object. 93 Backing, Etc.: Other Vehicle or Object Use Backing, Etc.: Other Vehicle or Object for the vehicle that was involved with the backing vehicle (code 92). 98 Backing, Etc.: Other Crash Type 98 OTHERACCIDENT TYPE OTHER CRASH TYPE 99 UNKNOWN ACCIDENTTYPE UNKNOWN CRASH TYPE 00 NOIMPACT IMPACT Other Crash Type is used for those events and collisions that do not reasonably fit any of the specified types. This code includes (but is not limited to): rollovers on the road; U-turns; crashes initiated by objects set in motion by an in-transport motor vehicle; third or subsequent vehicles involved in a crash; or the second involved vehicle, when the first harmful event involves a vehicle-to-object collision or a non-collision. 522 2010 PC23 99 Backing, Etc.: Unknown Crash Type 98 OTHERACCIDENT TYPE OTHER CRASH TYPE 99 UNKNOWN ACCIDENTTYPE UNKNOWN CRASH TYPE 00 NOIMPACT IMPACT Use Unknown Crash Type when the crash category or configuration is unknown. 00 No Impact 98 OTHERACCIDENTTYPE OTHER CRASH TYPE 99 UNKNOWN ACCIDENT TYPE UNKNOWN CRASH TYPE 00 NOIMPACT IMPACT No Impact identifies the non-collision events fire, immersion, gas inhalation, jackknife, injured in vehicle, pavement surface irregularity, other non-collision, thrown or falling object, cargo equipment loss or shift, or fell/jumped from vehicle. Rollovers on the road should be coded Other Crash Type. 2010 523 PC23 The following crash types require clarification: No impact identifies non-collision events (i.e., fire, immersion, gas inhalation, jackknife, non- collision injury, other non-collision or non-collision - no details). Rollovers on the road should be coded as Other Crash Type. Right roadside departure, drive off road and Left roadside departure, drive off road are used when the vehicle departed the road under a controlled situation (e.g., the driver was distracted, fell asleep, intentionally departed, etc.). Right roadside departure, control/traction loss and Left roadside departure, control/traction loss are used if there is some evidence that the vehicle lost traction or in some other manner “got away” from the driver (i.e., the vehicle spun off the road as a result of surface conditions, oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions). If doubt exists, use Right roadside departure, drive off road or Left roadside departure, drive off road respectively. Right roadside departure; avoid collision with vehicle, pedestrian, animal and Left roadside departure; avoid collision with vehicle, pedestrian, animal are used when the vehicle departed the road as a result of avoiding something in the road. “Phantom” situations are included here. Right roadside departure, specifics other and Left roadside departure, specifics other are used for any other stationary or nonstationary objects if the avoidance characteristics of codes “03” or “08” are present. Forward impact, parked vehicle, Forward impact, stationary object, and Forward impact, pedestrian/animal involves an impact with an object that can be located on either side of the road. Forward impact, stationary object includes a hole in the road, an overhead object (e.g., overpass) or an object projecting over the road edge (e.g., support column of elevated railway). Forward impact, pedestrian/animal is used when a pedestrian, non-motorist or animal is involved with the first harmful event. Vehicle plane of contact is not a consideration. Forward impact, specifics other is used for impacted (striking or struck) trains and nonstationary objects on the road. Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left, Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right, Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right, and Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left identify relative vehicle positions (left versus right) and lane of travel intentions (straight ahead versus changing lanes). From these four codes, four combinations are permitted. They are: 524 2010 PC23 1. “44” and “45”, 2. “46” and “45”, 3. “45” and “47”, and 4. “46” and “47”. When used as a combination these codes refer to a sideswipe or angle collision which involved a vehicle to the left of a vehicle to the right where: 1. neither vehicle (codes “44” and “45”) intended to change its lane; 2. the vehicle on the left (code “46”) was changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (code “45”) was not intending to change its lane; 3. the vehicle on the left (code “45” ) was not intending to change its lane, and the vehicle on the right (code “47”) was changing lanes to the left; and 4. the vehicle on the left (code “46”) was changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (code “47”) was changing lanes to the left. In addition, when: 1. the right sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the vehicle on the right, or 2. the left sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the vehicle on the left; select the appropriate combination (“44-45”, “46-45”, “45-47” or “46-47”) depending upon: 3. their positions (i.e., left versus right), and 4. the intended lane of travel (straight ahead versus changing lanes) of their drivers. Sideswipe/Angle, specifics other is used if one vehicle was behind the other prior to their Category II, Configuration F collision. For example, use this code when two vehicles are on the same trafficway and going the same direction, and one loses control and is struck in the side by the front of the other vehicle. However, if one vehicle rotates such that the impact is front to front, then use code "98" (Other crash type). Sideswipe/Angle, lateral move-infringing vehicle identifies the vehicle that infringed upon the other (code 65) in a Category III, Configuration I collision. Codes 68 through 85 (Turn Across Path and Turn Into Path) are used in Configurations J and K where the vehicle's action is the controlling factor, and the plane of contact is irrelevant. 2010 525 PC23 Left Turn Into Opposite Direction is used when the driver's vehicle was in the act of making a left turn (e.g., from a driveway, parking lot or intersection). Do not confuse this situation with Configuration L. Straight Paths. The driver's intended path is the prime concern. Codes 86 through 89 (Straight Paths) must not be confused with crash types in Configuration K. Turn Into Path. For these codes the vehicles are proceeding (or attempting to proceed) straight ahead, usually at a junction. Other Crash Type is used for those events and collisions that do not reasonably fit any of the specified types. This code includes (but is not limited to): rollovers on the road; U-turns; crashes initiated by objects set in motion by an in-transport motor vehicle; third or subsequent vehicles involved in a crash; or the second involved vehicle when the first harmful event involved a vehicle-to-object collision. 526 2010 PERSON (MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL Element Page Element Page P3 Vehicle Number 527 P17 Method of Alcohol 563 P4 Person Number 529 Determination By Police P5 Age 531 P18 Alcohol Test 567 P6 Sex 533 P19 Police Reported Drug 573 P7 Person Type 535 Involvement P8 Injury Severity 537 P20 Method of Drug Deter- 577 P9 Seating Position 541 mination By Police P10 Restraint System/Helmet 545 P21 Drug Test 579 Use P22 Transported to Medical 595 P11 Any Indication of Mis-Use 549 Facility By Restraint System/Helmet P23 Died at Scene/En Route 597 Use P24 Death Date 599 P12 Air Bag Deployed 551 P25 Death Time 601 P13 Ejection 553 P26 Related Factors – Person 603 P14 Ejection Path 555 (MV Occupant) Level P15 Extrication 557 P16 Police Reported Alcohol 559 SP1 Death Certificate Number 669 Involvement SP2 Fatal Injury at Work 671 SP3 Race/Hispanic Origin 673 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK P3 VEHICLE NUMBER – PERSON LEVEL (MV OCCUPANT) GES: P01 FARS:P3 Screen Heading: Regarding Vehicle # __ Occupant # __ Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: None (N) Long Name: None SAS Name: Person.Vehno Oracle Name: GES.Person.VehicleID, GES.Vehicle.VehicleNumber ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1-30 001-999 Remarks: FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: 001-999 is used for motor vehicle occupants (In-Transport, Parked/Stopped Off Roadway/ Working Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicles in Motion Outside the Trafficway). This is the number assigned to the vehicle this person occupied. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: The in-transport motor vehicles within a crash are numbered sequentially by the computer beginning with 1; no numbers are skipped. Numbers are assigned in accordance with the PAR's assignment unless a number is skipped. 2010 527 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 528 2010 P4/NM3 PERSON NUMBER GES: XXX FARS: P4/NM3 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 001- Assigned Number 999 Remarks: Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) must be numbered consecutively beginning with “001” for each motor vehicle occupant. Drivers do not have to be “001.” Numbers must not be skipped. Person Level (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) must be numbered consecutively beginning with “001” for persons not in motor vehicles. Numbers must not be skipped. 2010 529 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 530 2010 P5/NM5 AGE GES: P07 FARS: P5/NM5 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics and Non-Motorist Format: 3 numeric Data Screen Name: Age (790-E) and Age (900-E) Long Name: Enter the person’s age. SAS Name: Person.Age Oracle Name: GES.Person.Age ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Blank 0 0 0 000 Less than One Year 000- 000-120 000- 001- Actual Age* 120 120 120 997 997 997 998 Not Reported 999 -9999 999 999 Unknown Remarks: The person’s age at the time of the crash is recorded with respect to the person’s last birthday. Age is recorded in years. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations:  No coded data block exists on the report, and/or  A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or  No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: * Values greater than “094” are unlikely occurrences, and they will raise an error flag. * Values greater than “120” are not permitted. 2010 531 For drivers, verify age with data on Licensing File. Licensing data takes precedence over crash report data. 532 2010 P6/NM6 SEX GES: P08 FARS:P6/NM6 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Sex (800-E)/ Sex (910-E) Long Name: What is the person’s sex? SAS Name: Person.Sex Oracle Name: GES.Person.SexID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26712 1 1 Male 2 26713 2 2 Female 7 26717 7 8 Not Reported 3 26714 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Self-Explanatory. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations:  No coded data block exists on the report, and/or  A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or  No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). 2010 533 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 534 2010 P7 PERSON TYPE GES: P03 FARS: P7 Screen Heading: Vehicle Occupants Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Person Type (760-R) Long Name: What is the person type of this occupant? SAS Name: Person.Per_type Oracle Name: GES.Person.PersonTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26704 1 01 Driver of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport 2 26705 2 02 Passenger of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport 1 26800 3 03 Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport 7 26707 7 88 Not Reported 9 26711 9 09 Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport Remarks: An involved person in a crash must maintain Person Type during the crash. Once the unstabilized situation begins, a driver, passenger or non-motorist/non-occupant cannot change Person Type until the accident stabilizes. If a person is entering or exiting a vehicle before the unstabilized situation begins, try to determine if the person has successfully changed type before control is lost. (e.g., a pedestrian getting into an automobile that begins to move, a passenger stepping off of a bus as it begins to pull away, etc.). Codes 01, 02 and 09 are used for occupants of a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes occupants of motor vehicles that are in motion outside the trafficway. Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport is used when it cannot be determined if the person was the driver or passenger, but it is known that the person was an occupant of a motor vehicle in-transport. 2010 535 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations:  No coded data block exists on the report, and/or  A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or  No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Hit-and-run vehicles are assumed to have only one occupant (unless reliable evidence to the contrary exists), and that person is assumed to be the driver. All other persons riding in or on the vehicle are considered to be passengers. Enter Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport when it is unknown whether this occupant was a driver or passenger. 536 2010 P8/NM8 INJURY SEVERITY GES: P09 FARS:P8/NM8 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Format: 2 numeric Chacteristics Screen Name: Injury Severity (810-E)/Injury Severity (920-E) Long Name: What is the police reported injury severity for this occupant? / What is the police reported injury severity for this person? SAS Name: Person.Inj_Sev Oracle Name: GES.Person.InjurySeverityID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26746 0 0 No Injury (O) 2 26747 1 1 Possible Injury (C) 3 26748 2 2 Non-incapacitating Evident Injury (B) 4 26749 3 3 Incapacitating Injury (A) 5 26750 4 4 Fatal Injury (K) 6 26751 5 5 Injured, Severity Unknown 7 26752 6 6 Died Prior to Crash* 0 26777 7 8 Not Reported 8 26753 9 9 Unknown Remarks: Each case must have at least one Person Level form with Injury Severity attribute Fatal injury. Possible Injury is any injury reported or claimed that is not a fatal injury, incapacitating injury or non-incapacitating evident injury. This includes: momentary unconsciousness, claim of injuries not evident, limping, complaint of pain, nausea and hysteria. Non-incapacitating Evident Injury is any injury, other than a fatal injury or an incapacitating injury, which is evident to observers at the scene of the crash in which the injury occurred. This includes: lump on head, abrasions, bruises and minor lacerations. This does not include limping (the injury cannot be seen). (See Possible Injury). 2010 537 P8/NM8 Incapacitating Injury is any injury, other than a fatal injury, which prevents the injured person from walking, driving or normally continuing the activities the person was capable of performing before the injury occurred. This includes: severe lacerations, broken or distorted limbs, skull or chest injuries, abdominal injuries, unconsciousness at or when taken from the crash scene, and unable to leave the crash scene without assistance. This does not include momentary unconsciousness. (See Possible Injury). Fatal Injury must only be used if the death occurred within thirty consecutive 24-hour time periods from the time of the crash. Every effort should be made to determine that the Death Date was within thirty consecutive 24-hour time periods from the Crash Time. Died Prior To Crash refers to non-motor vehicle fatalities that are involved in an crash resulting in a motor vehicle fatality; e.g., a heart attack victim, a homicide victim, a suicide or person involved in a legal intervention that is involved in an crash in which another person dies (innocent victim). In suicide incidents, use the following criteria: 1. If the only fatality is the suicide victim and it can be ascertained that the crash was a suicide, do not code the case. 2. If other fatalities occur, code the case as appropriate. The suicide victim’s Injury Severity should be coded Died Prior to Crash if the death occurred at the time of the crash (or prior) or No Injury if the death occurred after the crash. * This value is an unlikely occurrence and will raise an edit flag Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations:  No coded data block exists on the report, and/or  A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or  No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Definition: ANSI D16.1; 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Enter the police reported injury severity for this person (i.e., occupant, pedestrian or non- motorist). Most jurisdictions use the KABCO injury coding scheme. K = Killed A = Incapacitating Injury 538 2010 P8/NM8 B = Non-incapacitating Injury C = Possible Injury O = No Injury If the police report contains a detailed description of the injuries but does not translate the injuries into the KABCO codes, use the police method for doing so. For example, injuries that are considered to be of an incapacitating nature are classified as “A”, Non-incapacitating- evident injuries are classified as “B”, and possible injuries are “C”. Property damage only (i.e., no injury) is classified as “O”. Enter Injured, Severity Unknown if the police report indicates a “U” or in any other way communicates the idea that the person was injured but the severity is unknown. Enter Died Prior to Crash only if the police explicitly states the person died prior to the crash. This attribute is also used if the police report indicates the person died as a result of natural causes (e.g., heart attack), disease, drug overdose or alcohol poisoning. This attribute does not apply if the police report specifically states that the cause of death is a result of crash- related injury or that on-set occurred after the crash. Further clarification: this attribute applies if the police report indicates that the person died as a result of natural causes (e.g., heart attack), disease, drug overdose or alcohol poisoning, but is silent about the time of on-set and if on-set is the result of injuries sustained in the crash. As a general rule, if the PAR is “blank” where the injury severity is assessed and the person was at the scene during the police investigation, enter No Injury (O). If the PAR is “blank” and the person was not present during the police investigation, enter Unknown. 2010 539 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 540 2010 P9 SEATING POSITION GES: P04 FARS: P9 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Seat Position (770-R) Long Name: What Is This Occupant’s Seating Position? SAS Name: Person.Seat_Pos Oracle Name: GES.Person.SeatID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS n/a null 00 XX Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant* 1 26726 11 11 Front Seat, Left Side 2 26727 12 12 Front Seat, Middle 3 26728 13 13 Front Seat, Right Side 4 26729 18 18 Front Seat, Other 5 26730 19 19 Front Seat, Unknown 6 26731 21 21 Second Seat, Left Side 7 26732 22 22 Second Seat, Middle 8 26733 23 23 Second Seat, Right Side 9 26734 28 28 Second Seat, Other 10 26735 29 29 Second Seat, Unknown 11 26736 31 31 Third Seat, Left Side 12 26737 32 32 Third Seat, Middle 13 26738 33 33 Third Seat, Right Side 14 26739 38 38 Third Seat, Other 15 26740 39 39 Third Seat, Unknown 16 26746 41 41 Fourth Seat, Left Side 17 26747 42 42 Fourth Seat, Middle 18 26748 43 43 Fourth Seat, Right Side 18 26749 48 48 Fourth Seat, Other 20 26750 49 49 Fourth Seat, Unknown 21 26741 50 50 Sleeper Section of Cab (Truck) 22 26742 51 51 Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area 25 26751 52 52 Other Passenger in unenclosed passenger or cargo area 26 26753 53 53 Other Passenger in passenger or cargo area, unknown whether or not enclosed 23 26754 54 54 Trailing Unit 2010 541 P9 24 26755 55 55 Riding on Exterior of Vehicle 97 26757 97 98 Not Reported 29 26745 99 99 Unknown PICKUP/SINGLE TRUCK (ENCLOSED OR CAR VAN SUV UNENCLOSED BED) * For van-based buses, use the actual seating position if known, or use code “51” for the 2nd, 3rd & 4th rows, if actual seating position is not known. 542 2010 P9 Remarks: Seating Position is determined by the location of the occupant in relation to the seat row and the forward longitudinal axis of the vehicle. More than one person may be assigned the same seating position; however, this is allowed only when a person is sitting on someone’s lap (e.g., child on mother’s lap). If the PAR does not specifically state that one person was on the lap of another, then see the discussion below under attributes Front Seat, Other; Second Seat Other; Third Seat, Other; and Fourth Seat, Other. In seating rows designated for only two passengers, use Front Seat, Left Side; Front Seat, Right Side; Second Seat, Left Side; Second Seat, Right Side; Third Seat, Left Side; Third Seat, Right Side; Fourth Seat, Left Side; Fourth Seat, Right Side or Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area. Front Seat, Left Side is used if there is an assumed driver of a hit-and-run vehicle unless evidence indicates a different position for the person or persons. Front Seat, Other; Second Seat, Other; Third Seat, Other and Fourth Seat, Other are used to record the position of someone sitting on the floor or lying across the seat. In addition, enter these attributes when two or more persons are sitting abreast of one another in the same seating location (as opposed to on or in someone’s lap), since only one occupant can be assigned the seat’s position. If the PAR provides enough specific information, then assign the seat position to the person using the restraint; if no restraint was used, then assign the seat position to the older person. Front Seat, Other is used if the only seat in the front seating area is a driver’s seat (e.g., bucket, pedestal, etc.), and the occupant was in the area but not in the seat. This situation could occur because of vehicle design or seat removal. The same logic applies to other seat areas. Sleeper Section of Cab (Truck) is used if the occupant’s vehicle is a medium or heavy truck and has a cab sleeper, and this occupant is in the sleeper section at the time of the crash. Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area is used when an occupant is in the fifth or higher numbered seat row, in an enclosed area where no defined seating exists or using a fold-down type seat in its folded-down position. This attribute is also used for bus passengers in undetermined seating (not driver). Enter Other Passenger in unenclosed passenger or cargo area when an occupant is in the fifth or higher numbered seat area, in an unenclosed area where no defined seating exists or using a fold-down type seat in its folded-down position. Examples include passenger riding in an open pickup bed, top of open double-decker bus, etc. 2010 543 P9 If seating in the vehicle is longitudinal rather than lateral, use the basic idea of a vehicle interior being divided laterally into roughly equal thirds and visualize lateral rows of seats to determine what seat position is the best descriptor. For rearward facing seats, use the basic idea described in the previous paragraph to describe the occupant’s seat position. If a seat row has more than three designated seat positions, the occupants should have their positions assigned as usual for the left and right positions, while the two center positions would be entered as Other (i.e., Front Seat, Other; Second Seat, Other; Third Seat, Other; Fourth Seat, Other or Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area) depending upon the seat row. For motorcycles, enter the driver Front Seat, Left; sidecar passenger Front Seat, Right; passenger behind the driver Second Seat, Left and passenger on the lap of the driver (in front of) Front Seat, Left. Trailing Unit is used when an occupant is in or on a trailing unit (i.e., Vehicle Trailing, for this occupant’s vehicle must be coded ≥ 1, one or more trailing units). Riding on Vehicle Exterior of Vehicle is used when an occupant is riding on a fender, the boot of a convertible, etc. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used if the investigating officer indicates that this occupant’s seating position is unknown. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Persons appended to the vehicle for motion are not considered to be occupants of the vehicle. For example, a bicyclist holding onto a motor vehicle for motion. *Not A Motor Vehicle Occupant is used for any person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle. 544 2010 P10 RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE GES: P15 FARS:P10 Screen Heading: Restraints Used Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Restraints Used (845-E) Long Name: What restraints are being used by this occupant immediately prior to the crash? SAS Name: Person.Rest_Sys Oracle Name: GES.Restraint.RestraintID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10330 30 00 Not Applicable* 2 10331 31 07 None Used – Motor Vehicle Occupant 3 10316 01 03 Shoulder and Lap Belt Used 4 10318 03 01 Shoulder Belt Only Used 5 10317 02 02 Lap Belt Only Used 6 10324 08 08 Restraint Used - Type Unknown 7 10337 37 10 Child Restraint System - Forward Facing 8 10338 38 11 Child Restraint System - Rear Facing 9 10339 39 12 Booster Seat 10 10440 40 04 Child Restraint Type Unknown 12 10442 42 05 DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet 13 10443 43 16 Other Helmet 11 10441 41 17 No Helmet 98 10498 98 97 Other 97 10497 97 98 Not Reported 99 10499 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The restraint equipment in use by the occupant, or the helmet in use by a motorcyclist, at the time of the crash. Not Applicable is used when the case material indicates that no restraint was available in the seat position of this occupant. Use this attribute for persons who are riding in the sleeper section of the cab of a truck and persons who are riding on the exterior of the vehicle, such as a bed of a pick up truck. 2010 545 P10 None Used – Motor Vehicle Occupant is used when the case materials indicate that the occupant did not use a restraint. In order to code this value, the case materials first have to indicate that there was a restraint available and that the occupant of that seat position did not use the available restraint. In the case of a motorcycle occupant without a helmet, use No Helmet. Shoulder and Lap Belt Used is used when the occupant restraint system consists of both the shoulder belt and lap belt portions and is connected to a buckle. Shoulder Belt Only Used is used for a two-part occupant restraint system and only the shoulder belt portion is connected to a buckle. Example: You are coding a driver in the vehicle that is indicated by the PAR to have an automatic shoulder harness and a manual belt. The police state that the shoulder harness was used at the time of the crash, but the lap belt was not. Code as Shoulder Belt Only Used. Lap Belt Only Used is used when the occupant is using a lap safety belt either because the motor vehicle is equipped only with a lap belt or because the shoulder belt is not in use. Note: The presence of an air bag system does not mean that there are no active belts present. In fact, most air bag equipped vehicles also have some belt restraint system installed in the seat positions protected by the air bags. Restraint Used – Type Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates that some type of restraint was in use but the type of restraint is not clear. The attribute scheme on some PARs may offer a choice, such as “seatbelt/harness” or “lap/shoulder” but does not distinguish between “lap belt only,” “shoulder belt only,” or “combination lap and shoulder belt.” If your PAR has such a coding scheme and the officer checks. e.g.; “seat belt/harness,” then the attribute should be Restraint Used - Type Unknown unless the narrative clarifies which type of restraint was used. Child Restraint System - Forward Facing is used when a child passenger is seated in a forward facing child safety seat. This does not imply correct use or placement of the seat. Child Restraint System - Rear Facing is used when a child passenger is seated in a rearward facing child safety seat. This does not imply correct use or placement of the seat. Booster Seat is used when a child passenger is seated in a “belt-positioning seat” that positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of the child in a lap and shoulder seat belt system. Child Restraint Type Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates that some type of child restraint was in use, but the type of restraint is not clear. 546 2010 P10 DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet is a motorcycle helmet that is compliant with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. Indication of a DOT sticker alone is not sufficient to code this attribute. It must be specifically indicated to be “DOT-Compliant” in the case materials to code this attribute, otherwise use Other Helmet. Other Helmet is used when the case materials indicate that a motorcycle helmet was used but it could not be determined if it was a DOT-Compliant Helmet or wearing a helmet not designed for motorcyclists (e.g., a bicycle helmet). No Helmet is used when the investigating officer indicates that the occupant of a motorcycle was not wearing a helmet or wearing a helmet not designed for motorcyclists (e.g. bicycle helmet). Other is used when the case materials indicated that some other type of restraint not listed was being used at the time of the crash. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates that the restraint system or helmet use was unknown at the time of the crash. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2007, this data element was called “Restraint” System Use before being changed to “Protection System Use.” In 2010, this element was changed to Restraint System/Helmet Use to align with MMUCC. Code this element regardless of whether the vehicle is equipped with manual systems, automatic belts or harnesses, air bags, or any combination of these. Whether the restraint was manual or automatic will be determined via the VIN. Even if the VIN is unknown, use this rule. Guidelines When Police and EMS/M.E. Differ: Occasionally, information from EMS personnel or medical examiners (M.E.) includes statements about protection/restraint use or presence. If these people were in a position to have information when the investigating officer(s) could not (e.g., EMS arrived and removed victims from vehicles before police arrived or the medical examiner reports definite indications of belt usage), then the EMS/M.E. assessment may override the PAR assessment of Restraint 2010 547 P10 System/Helmet Use. Make sure to note the arrival times of Police and EMS before making a decision. Rules of thumb are as follows, unless you have information to the contrary: If the M.E./EMS report that a restraint was used but the PAR/Police report “NOT USED” or “UNKNOWN,” then accept the EMS/M.E. assessment. On the other hand, if the M.E./EMS report “NOT USED” but the PAR/Police report that a restraint was used, then try to verify the police assessment that a restraint was used. If the PAR/Police report that a restraint was used or was not used but the M.E./EMS report “UNKNOWN,” then accept the Police assessment. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: *Not Applicable is used for any person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle. 548 2010 P11 ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF RESTRAINTS/HELMET USE GES: P24 FARS:P11 Screen Heading: Indication of Restraints/Helmet Mis-Use Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: Were there any indications of Restraint/Helmet mis-use? SAS Name: Person.Rest_Mis Oracle Name: GES.Restraint.Misuse ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 1 0 No 2 2 2 1 Yes Remarks: No is used when the case materials indicate that the restraints or helmet use were not mis- used. Also, included in No is Unknown. If the investigating officer states that the restraints were being used but it couldn’t be determined if they were mis-used use this attribute Yes is used when the case materials indicate that the restraints or helmet use were mis-used at the time of the crash. Examples:  The investigating officer states in the crash report that the driver of Vehicle 1 had the shoulder belt portion of the seatbelt behind his back.  The investigating officer states the operator of the motorcycle had the helmet on backwards.  The investigating officer states in the crash report that two persons were secured in one restraint. An indication of Yes requires a positive response in the case materials, if not default to No. 2010 549 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 550 2010 P12 AIR BAG DEPLOYED GES: P21 FARS:P12 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Bag Available (870-E) Long Name: Did the air bag deploy for this occupant’s seat position? SAS Name: Person.Airbag Oracle Name: GES.AirBag.AirbagavailID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 10 0 00 Not Applicable* 2 11 1 01 Deployed-Front 3 12 2 02 Deployed-Side (door, seatback) 4 13 3 03 Deployed-Curtain (roof) 5 14 4 07 Deployed-Other (knee, air belt, etc.) 6 15 5 08 Deployed-Combination 7 16 6 09 Deployment-Unknown Location 8 17 7 20 Not Deployed 9 18 8 28 Switched Off 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 10 19 9 99 Deployment Unknown Remarks: This element is used to record air bag availability and deployment for this person as reported in the case materials. Code this element regardless of the motor vehicle’s Body Type or the age of the motor vehicle. Not Applicable is used when the case materials indicate there was no air bag available for this person. Examples include any of the following terms.  Not Applicable, No Air bag, Not Equipped, Not Present, None, Not available/Unavailable, Not Installed GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: *Not Applicable is used for any person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle. 2010 551 Not Deployed is used only if the available information indicates the vehicle is equipped with an air bag (air bags) for this occupant’s position, but it (they) did not deploy in this crash. Deployed-Front, Deployed-Side, Deployed-Curtain, Deployed-Other, Deployed- Combination, and Deployment-Unknown Location are used only if you have indication in the available information that an air bag deployed for this occupant’s seat position (not for others in the vehicle.) There may be multiple air bags available for this occupant’s seat position. Deployed-Front, Deployed-Side and Deployed-Curtain are used if case materials indicate that at least one air bag deployed for this person from only one of these directions. Deployed-Combination is used if case materials indicate that air bags deployed from more than one direction (e.g., SIDE and FRONT) for this seat position. Deployment-Unknown Location is used if an air bag did deploy for this person, but the origin of the air bag is not known. Switched Off is used when the case materials indicate that any air bag for this occupant’s position was manually switched off and did not deploy. This attribute takes precedence over all other codes for this seating position. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Deployment Unknown is used if the investigating officer indicates that deployment of an air bag was unknown. 552 2010 P13 EJECTION GES: P06 FARS:P13 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Ejection (780-E) Long Name: Was the occupant totally or partially thrown from the vehicle as a result of the crash? SAS Name: Person.Eject Oracle Name: GES.Person.EjectionID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26754 0 0 Not Ejected 2 26755 1 1 Totally Ejected 3 26756 2 2 Partially Ejected 6 26762 3 3 Ejected - Unknown Degree 8 26763 7 7 Not Reported 7 26759 8 8 Not Applicable 4 26758 9 9 Unknown if Ejected Remarks: Ejection refers to occupants being totally or partially thrown from the vehicle (including the bed of pickup trucks) during the course of the crash. This includes occupants of jeeps, go carts, snowmobiles, three- or four-wheel ATVs. Note: This variable excludes occupants of motorcycles. Partial ejection refers to those instances where some part but not all of an occupant’s body is, at some time during the crash sequence, outside the occupant compartment. Not Ejected is used if the case materials specifically so state for a given occupant. Use this attribute for occupants of a hit-and-run vehicle, unless the case materials specifically indicate that an ejection occurred. If the case materials do not show the ejection status of uninjured drivers or passengers and there is no other information about ejection, e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use Not Reported. 2010 553 P13 Totally Ejected is used when the occupant's body is entirely outside the vehicle but may be in contact with the vehicle. This includes occupants who are not initially in the seating compartment of the vehicle (e.g., pickup beds, boot of a convertible and persons riding on open tailgates). Partially Ejected refers to those instances where some part but not all of an occupant's body is, at some time during the crash sequence, outside the occupant compartment. This does not apply to occupants who are not initially in the seating compartment of the vehicle (e.g., pickup beds, boot of a convertible and persons riding on open tailgates), since any ejection for them is coded as Totally Ejected. Ejected - Unknown Degree is used when the case materials indicate that an occupant is ejected but fails to discriminate between total and partial ejection. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Not Applicable is used for persons who are riding on the exterior of a vehicle, motorcycle occupants or non-motorists. Exterior of the vehicle includes running boards, roof, fenders and bumpers, but not the bed of pickup trucks, open tail gate or boot of a convertible. Enter Unknown if Ejected when the case materials specifically indicate unknown. 554 2010 P14 EJECTION PATH GES: XXX FARS: P14 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Ejected/Not Applicable X X X 1 Through Side Door Opening X X X 2 Through Side Window X X X 3 Through Windshield X X X 4 Through Back Window X X X 5 Through Back Door/Tailgate Opening X X X 6 Through Roof Opening (sun-roof, convertible top down) X X X 7 Through Roof (convertible top up) X X X 8 Other Path (e.g., back of pick-up truck) X X X 9 Unknown/Unknown Path Remarks: If no information is provided in the crash reports, assume that EJECTION is not applicable. Use the following table as a guideline: Ejection Path Guidelines Path Guideline 1. Through side door opening all side doors 2. Through side window all side windows, bus side windows 3. Through windshield front windshield only 4. Through back window standard rear window, back window of bronco, van 5. Through back door/tailgate station wagon tailgate, back door of truck, back door of opening bronco, van 6. Through roof opening (sun-roof, convertible top down) t-top, targa top 7. Through roof (convertible top up) 8. Other path (back of pick-up truck) torn-off roof, car cut in half 9. Unknown/Unknown Path driver’s side, unspecified; passenger’s side unspecified. 2010 555 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 556 2010 P15 EXTRICATION GES: XXX FARS: P15 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Extricated or Not Applicable X X X 1 Extricated X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: If no information is provided in the crash reports, assume that EXTRICATION is not applicable. Extrication refers to the use of equipment or other force to remove persons from the vehicles; i.e., more than just lifting or carrying person out of wreckage. If the police officer uses the word “extricated” to indicate occupant removal, then this is sufficient information to use Extricated even if no mention of equipment is made. The only exception to this is if the analyst knows the officer used the term “extrication” incorrectly. However, if the officer uses the term “pinned” or “wedged” or something similar, then the officer must indicate that equipment was used to remove the occupant. Unknown is to be used when the officer states that the occupant is “pinned” or “wedged,” etc., and suggests that the occupant may have been removed with force, but does not make it clear whether equipment was used or not. This field is not applicable to motorcycle riders or to non-motorists. 2010 557 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 558 2010 P16/NM15 POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT GES: P11 FARS:P16/NM15 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Alcohol (830-E)/Alcohol (940-E) Long Name: Did the police report alcohol presence or involvement for this person? SAS Name: Person.Per_Alch Oracle Name: GES.Person.Police_AlcoholID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26730 0 0 No (Alcohol Not Involved) 2 26731 1 1 Yes (Alcohol Involved) 3 26732 8 8 Not Reported 4 26733 9 9 Unknown (Police Reported) Remarks: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether alcohol was involved or not for this person. The phrase “alcohol involved” means that alcohol is present in the person or presumed to be present by the police. Consequently, this data element may not agree with the alcohol test results for this person. Involvement is not an indication that alcohol was in any way a cause of the crash. If the case materials indicate that open or unopened alcoholic beverages were found in the vehicle, then this information does not by itself constitute involvement unless the police indicate that this was the basis for a determination of involvement. If the case materials indicate that a preliminary breath test (PBT) was given and the officer’s judgment contradicts the preliminary test, the officer’s judgment will be the determining factor. No (Alcohol Not Involved) applies if the judgment of law enforcement is that alcohol is not present. In some circumstances it is possible for the police to give sufficient information in the report fields (such as contributing circumstances, driver/pedestrian condition, alcohol presence or 2010 559 P16/NM15 use, alcohol test, etc.) or narrative to indicate that they believe alcohol is not involved without specifically mentioning “no” alcohol. In such cases, use No (Alcohol Not Involved). However, if there is any question that the officer’s position on alcohol involvement is “no alcohol” because of lack of information, then use Not Reported. Yes (Alcohol Involved) applies only if the judgment of the law enforcement is that alcohol was present. For example, the police indicate alcohol involvement via: a specific data element on the police report form such as Driver Condition, the police charge the driver with an alcohol-related offense, the police mention in the narrative section of the report that the person had been drinking, the police report has a positive BAC test result (BAC>.00). Some PARs have a block labeled “Alcohol/Drugs.” If use is indicated, and it cannot be determined which was used (e.g., narrative, arrest/charged section, etc.), then assume alcohol is present. If the police report indicates that a driver was charged with DWI/DUI (driving while intoxicated, driving while impaired or driving under the influence), and no clarification is offered to indicate if the DWI/DUI was alcohol related or other drug related (e.g., a specific data element; mentioned in the narrative section; BAC results), then assume alcohol presence. Not Reported applies when law enforcement makes no mention of alcohol involvement in either narrative or data fields. For example, there is a specific location on the police report for assessment of alcohol but the investigating officer fails to make either a positive or negative assessment by leaving the field blank. Also use Not Reported if no block exists on the PAR for reporting alcohol presence and no other information is available. There are instances when the police do not indicate in the PAR whether alcohol was involved or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered. For example, the police may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver without indicating that they suspected alcohol or providing a result. The use of passive alcohol sensors (PAS) may also be mentioned as used by the police, without mention of the result. Use Not Reported for these instances. Unknown (Police Reported) applies when law enforcement indicates in either narrative or data fields that alcohol involvement is “unknown” for this person. In general, crash reports have blocks to indicate either positive or negative alcohol involvement. However if a crash report has a provision for the investigating officer to respond “unknown involvement,” then enter this attribute. Also enter this attribute for hit-and-run drivers or passengers unless clear evidence to the contrary exists. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Important Guidelines: Do not change the coding of this element because a positive alcohol test is obtained form the coroner, medical examiner or state toxicology lab. A positive or negative 560 2010 P16/NM15 BAC test submitted from the toxicology lab or coroner directly to the FARS analyst is not evidence of the officer’s judgment. The police accident report, including any supplemental reports or direct contact with the police are the only valid sources. When Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement Not Reported or Unknown (Police Reported), Method of Alcohol by Police Determination attributes “1-8” are allowed. However, this should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not mentioned at all or stated as unknown. 2010 561 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 562 2010 P17/NM16 METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE GES: XXX FARS:P17/NM16 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Evidential Test (breath, blood, urine) X X X 2 Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) X X X 3 Behavioral X X X 4 Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS) X X X 5 Observed X X X 8 Other (e.g., Saliva test) X X X 9 Not Reported Remarks: This variable is coded for each person involved in the crash. The Police Accident Report (PAR) and supplements are the source of information. The purpose of this variable is to record the method by which the police made the determination as to whether alcohol was involved or not. It is used primarily when the Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement variable is coded as No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved). Whenever Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved), try to find out how the police knew this. When Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is Yes (Alcohol Involved), try to determine how the police knew this. If Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is Not Reported or Unknown (Police Reported), then Method of Alcohol Determination by Police is Not Reported. If more than one method is used by the police to determine alcohol involvement choose the method the police refer to when they record their assessment. If more than one method is used and they do not state which 2010 563 P17/NM16 method was the basis for their alcohol determination, code the highest-ranking method used from the hierarchy (the highest ranking is “1”; the lowest is “5”). Evidential Test (breath, blood, urine) This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that they ordered an evidential test and their determination of alcohol involvement was based on the results of that test. An evidential test can be a breath test on a state-approved breath test device, a blood test, or a urine test. No other tests are considered evidential. The key in coding evidential test as the basis for the police alcohol assessment is the ordering of the test by the police. A routine test performed by a coroner or medical examiner that was not ordered by the police is not considered as evidential for the purposes of the variable. Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that alcohol involvement was based upon the results of a preliminary breath test, or PBT. Preliminary breath testing devices are not yet considered evidential tests, but merely as tools for the police to help them determine whether alcohol is present or not. Many PBTs only indicate whether alcohol is present in the breath by pass (green) or fail (red) lights. Other PBTs indicate the approximate BAC in numbers. Some PBTs are of evidential quality in some States. But if the device was used only as a preliminary test and not the evidential test, then this value should be coded. The key to coding this is the definite indication by the police that a PBT was used and was the basis (or the clinching evidence) that a driver had been drinking or not. Behavioral This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that the basis for that alcohol assessment was the behavior by the driver during a field sobriety test. Examples of field sobriety tests include the gaze nystagmus test, walking in a straight line, one leg stand, etc. Do not confuse Behavioral with Observed. Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS) This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that alcohol involvement was based upon the results of a passive alcohol sensor, or “sniffer.” 564 2010 P17/NM16 The PAS devices available and in use by police are devices that look like flashlights and when held within 6 inches of the driver’s mouth will detect alcohol in the breath while the driver is talking. The PAS is not considered an evidential test nor a PBT. It is not really a test, but a detector or an extension of the police officer’s senses. The PAS devices are usually PASS/FAIL indicators with a red light indicating alcohol on the breath. The key to coding this attribute is the indication by the police that a PAS was used and was the basis for coding No or Yes for Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement. Observed This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that the basis for their alcohol assessment was some observation of the driver. Do Not Confuse Observed with Behavioral. Examples of observations would be: - smelling alcohol on the driver’s breath - staggering, slurring of speech - the driver admitting he had been drinking - other observations described by the police that would not be considered field sobriety tests Be careful not to simply assume that this is the appropriate code when some other method may have been used (e.g., breath test, PBT, PAS). Other (e.g., Saliva test) This attribute is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and the police indicate that the basis for alcohol determination was something other than the codes “1, 2, 3, 4 and 5” described above. Examples of Other methods include: 1. results of a saliva test 2. results of other tissue tests The key to coding this data element is the description by the police of some other method of alcohol determination that does not fall into codes “1-5.” See the paragraph below on Witness Statements. Not Reported This is coded if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is Not Reported or Unknown (Police Reported). It is also coded if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is No (Alcohol Not 2010 565 P17/NM16 Involved) or Yes (Alcohol Involved) and there is no indication in the police report or any documents as to how the police made the alcohol assessment. See the paragraph below on Witness Statements. Witness Statements: Witness Statements may or may not be used by the police to make a determination of alcohol involvement. If the police did use witness statements alone to make a determination of alcohol involvement, use Other. If the police mention, but did not use witness statements and there is no other indication of how a determination was made, use Not Reported. There are instances when the police do not indicate in the PAR whether alcohol was involved or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered. FOR EXAMPLE: The police may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver without indicating that they suspected alcohol or what the result was. The use of passive alcohol sensors (PAS) may also be mentioned as used by the police, without mention of the result. Attributes 1-8 may be used for Method Of Alcohol Determination by Police when Police- Reported Alcohol Involvement is coded as Not Reported or Unknown (Police Reported), if this fits the case. This should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not mentioned at all or stated as unknown. 566 2010 P18/NM17 ALCOHOL TEST GES: P11 A/B/C FARS:P18/NM17 Screen Heading: Occupant Characterists/Non-Motorist Data Format: 3 sets, 1 set, 1 numeric, 2 sets, 2 numeric Screen Name: Alcohol Test Status (832-E)/ Alcohol Test Status (942-E) Alcohol Test Type (834-E) Alcohol Test Result (836- E) Long Name: Did the police report indicate an alcohol test was given to this person? Did the police report indicate the type of test given to this person? What is the BAC for this person? SAS Name: Person.AlchTest/Person.Altstype/Person.Altrsult Oracle Name: GES.Person.AlcTestGiven / GES.Person.AlcTestType / GES.Person.AlcTestResult ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Subfield 1 – Test Status 1 10 0 0 Test Not Given 2 11 1 1 Test Refused 3 12 2 2 Test Given 7 97 7 8 Not Reported 4 19 9 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 2 – Test Type 1 0 00 00 Test Not Given 2 1 01 01 Blood 3 2 02 02 Breathalyzer “BAC” 6 10 10 10 Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) 4 3 03 03 Urine X X XX 04 Vitreous X X XX 05 Blood Plasma/Serum X X XX 06 Blood Clot X X XX 07 Liver 5 8 08 08 Other Test Type 7 98 98 98 Unknown Test Type 9 97 97 95 Not Reported 8 99 99 99 Unknown if Tested 2010 567 P18/NM17 Subfield 3 – Test Result 00-93 00-93 00-93 00-93 Actual Value 94 94 94 94 .94 or Greater 96 96 96 96 Test Not Given 97 97 97 97 AC Test Performed, Results Unknown 98 98 98 98 Positive Reading With No Actual Value 95 95 95 95 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown if Tested Remarks: Subfield 1 – Test Status indicates whether or not a test was performed on this person to detect the presence of alcohol. Test Not Given is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was not given. Test Refused is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was refused. Test Given is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was given. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” Subfield 2 – Test Type identifies the type of test that was administered to this person as indicated in the case materials. If more than one type of test is performed on the same person, a Blood Test is preferred over other tests. The exception is if you have information that casts clear doubt on the validity or reliability of the Blood Test when you have results from a test of another type. For example, the blood test was spoiled or contaminated. In such a case, record the Test Type for the test with the valid result. Other situations where this may occur include information that: • the test was performed on a live victim unreasonably long after the crash; or • the lab, coroner, or medical examiner expresses doubt in their result from a blood test. Blood is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a BAC. 568 2010 P18/NM17 Note that there are test types for Blood (01), Blood Plasma or Serum (05) and Blood Clot (06). If the Coroner, Medical Examiner, or State Lab reports that the test was a “blood” test (whole blood), this most likely does not refer to Blood Plasma or Blood Clot, but you should try to verify this. If the test was performed on blood, or if you know the results are already converted to a BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (BAC), then code TEST TYPE as Blood. Breath is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a BAC. Breath is used if you have a result from an evidential breath test (a breath test performed on a State-approved breath test device). Usually, results from a Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) device are not considered evidential. Some PBTs are of evidential quality in some States; but if the device was used only as a preliminary test and not an evidential test, then do not use code “02.” Urine is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a BAC. Other Test Type is used when the case materials indicate a type of test used to obtain a BAC was recorded as “Other” or is indicated to be of a type other than the available attributes. Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a BAC and no other test is available. Update Test Type and corresponding Result if a PBT is followed by an evidential test, other than a PBT. A breath, blood or urine test will take precedence over a PBT result unless you have information that casts clear doubt on the validity or reliability of the Evidential Test AND you have a valid PBT result to record. Example 1: You only receive a PBT with an actual value – Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result “the actual value received” Example 2: You only receive a PBT with a “negative” result returned – Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result “00” Example 3: You only receive a PBT with “positive” result, but no actual value – Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result code “98 – Positive Reading with no Actual Value” Example 4: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% and a blood test (whole blood) from the lab of .08% – Code Test Type “01 – Blood” and Test Result .08 Example 5: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% and a breathalyzer test both from the police of .08% – Code Test Type “02 – Breathalyzer (BAC)” and Test Result .08 2010 569 P18/NM17 Example 6: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% from the police and a blood test (whole blood) from the state lab indicating a “contaminated” sample. – Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result .01 Unknown Test Type is used when the case materials indicate a test was given but do not specify the type of test. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” Subfield 3 – Test Result records the actual value reported from a test performed on this person to detect the presence of alcohol. A TEST RESULT of .01 is a low probability and will raise an error flag. Any BAC test result reported in 3 decimal places should be truncated, not rounded. For example, a reported BAC of .099 becomes .09. The reason for truncating is that the accuracy of most testing devices is only reliable to two decimal places, so the third decimal place is meaningless. AC Test Performed, Results Unknown refers to alcohol content tests that were performed but the results are reported as unknown or are unobtainable (including a “Contaminated Sample” or “Insufficient Sample”). AC Test Performed, Results Unknown can be used for any Test Type. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2009, the Alcohol Test Result code “95” represented an alcohol test result that was not provided because the test was refused. This situation was identified using the 570 2010 P18/NM17 element value “95 – Test Refused”. This element value was dropped in 2009 and the code “95” was reintroduced in 2010 as the element value “95 – Not Reported”. Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: As a general coding guideline, do not prematurely use Test Result “AC Test Performed, Results Unknown.” It is recommended that you leave the information blank for drivers and non-motorists until the test results are received from the state lab, coroner or police. You need to be reasonably certain that you will never receive the test results to use attribute “97” at the time of the initial coding and case entry. Positive Reading with No Actual Value can be used for any Test Type code where the result is indicated to be positive without a numeric value to record. This should only be used when a final test result is returned as “positive” with no actual result to record. This can occur when a screening test is used and it is the only test result available. Some PBTs only indicate whether alcohol is present in the breath by positive (green) or negative (red) lights. Other PBTs indicate the approximate BAC in numbers. Positive Reading with No Actual Value should be used when a PBT result only indicates “positive” for alcohol, with no actual BAC value. A negative PBT result should be interpreted as .00. Before recording this value make sure that this is the final test result and no actual value was available from a follow-up confirmatory test. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2006, this attribute read “PBT Positive Reading with No Actual Value” and was used strictly for recording test results for Preliminary Breath Test devices. State Law versus Practice: You may be aware that your State laws require testing of certain classes of crash victims. However, you may also know that the practice in your State is that the law is not observed. In such cases, you are not bound only by what the law says. You may consider State practices in your coding decisions. Example 1: Your state law may require all fatalities to be tested for BAC, but you know that this does not happen in your State and you are unable to locate alcohol test information for this person: • In such a case, you cannot rely on the law for your coding decisions. Therefore, you should use attribute Unknown If Tested rather than AC Test Performed, Results Unknown, or Test Not Given. (Test Status equals “9” and Test Type equals “99”). Example 2: Most states’ practice is that “live” non-drivers are not routinely tested for alcohol. Consequently, for live non-drivers when there is no mention of a test ordered by the police in the Police Accident Report (PAR): 2010 571 P18/NM17 • Code Test Status as Test Not Given and MDE will auto-fill Test Type as Test Not Given and Test Result as Test Not Given. However, if you happen to obtain an alcohol test result later, you may enter the appropriate test type and results. Computed Estimates of BACs: An expert may calculate an estimate of what the BAC would have been at the time of the crash (i.e., toxicologist uses the lapse time from crash and the victim’s weight to calculate the BAC). You may accept these results if the following are all true: • Results were reported by someone with the authority in your state to make this determination; and • the result is considered official in your state; and • you can support the result with official documentation or it is reported on the PAR (may vary from state-to-state). 572 2010 P19/NM18 POLICE REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT GES: P17 FARS:P19/NM18 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Drugs (835-E)/Drugs (945-E) Long Name: Did the police report drug presence or involvement for this person? SAS Name: Person.Per_Drug Oracle Name: GES.Person.Police_DrugID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26730 0 0 No (drugs not involved) 2 26731 1 1 Yes (drugs involved) 3 26732 8 8 Not Reported 4 26733 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether drugs were involved or not for this person. The phrase “drug involvement” means that drugs are present in the person or presumed to be present by the police. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as illicit substances (e.g., marijuana, cocaine, heroin, etc.). It is not an indication that the drug usage was in any way a cause of the crash. If case materials indicate that drugs were found in the vehicle, then this information does not by itself constitute involvement unless the police indicate that this was the basis for a determination of involvement. Some PARs have a block labeled “Alcohol/Drugs.” If use is indicated, and it cannot be determined which was used (e.g., narrative, arrest/charged section, etc.), then assume alcohol, not drugs. If the police report indicates that a driver was charged with DWI (driving while intoxicated or driving while impaired) and no clarification is offered to indicate if the DWI was alcohol related or drug related (e.g., a specific data element, mentioned in the narrative section, BAC results), then interpret as alcohol presence . 2010 573 P19/NM18 No (drugs not involved) applies if the judgment of law enforcement is that drugs are not present. In some circumstances it is possible for the police to give sufficient information in the report fields (such as contributing circumstances, driver/pedestrian condition, substance use, drug test, etc.) or narrative to indicate that they believe drugs are not involved without specifically mentioning no drugs. In such cases, you may use No. However, if there is any question that the officer’s position on drug involvement is No because of a lack of information, then it is best to use Not Reported. Yes (drugs involved) applies only if the police assessment is that drugs were present. For example the police indicate drug involvement via: • a specific data element on the police report form such as Driver Condition, • the police charge the driver with an drug related offense, • the police mention in the narrative section of the report that the person had been under the influence of a drug • the police report has a positive test result reported for drugs Not Reported applies when law enforcement makes no mention of drug involvement in either narrative or data fields. For example, there is a specific location on the police report for assessment of drugs but the investigating officer fails to make either a positive or negative assessment by leaving the field blank. Also use Not Reported if no block exists on the PAR for reporting drug presence and no other information is available. There are instances when law enforcement do not indicate in the PAR whether drugs were involved or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered. For example, the police may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver without indicating that they suspected drugs or providing a result. Use Not Reported for these instances. Unknown (Police Reported) applies when law enforcement indicate in either narrative or data fields that drug involvement is “unknown” for this person. In general, police reports have blocks to indicate either positive or negative drug involvement. However, if a crash report has a provision for the investigating officer to respond “unknown involvement,” then enter this attribute. Also enter this attribute for hit-and-run drivers unless clear evidence to the contrary exists. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Important Guidelines: • Do not change the coding of this element because a positive drug test is obtained from the coroner, medical examiner or state toxicology lab. A positive or negative test result submitted from the toxicology lab or coroner directly to the FARS analyst is not evidence of the officer’s judgment. • The crash report, including any supplemental reports or direct contact with law enforcement, are the only valid sources. 574 2010 P19/NM18 When Police Reported Drug Involvement is Not Reported or Unknown (Police Reported), all Method of Drug Determination attributes are allowed. However, this should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not mentioned at all or stated as unknown. 2010 575 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 576 2010 P20/NM19 METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE GES: XXX FARS:P20/NM19 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Evidential Test (Blood, Urine) X X X 2 Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) determination X X X 3 Behavioral X X X 7 Other X X X 8 Not Reported Remarks: None. 2010 577 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 578 2010 P21/NM20 DRUG TEST GES: P17A/B/C FARS:P21/NM20 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 3 sets: 2 sets, 1 numeric; 1 set, 3 numeric Screen Name: Drug Test Given (837-E)/ Drug Test Given (947-E) Drug Test Type (839-E) Drug Test Result (840-E) Long Name: Did the police report indicate a drug test was given to this driver person? / Did the police report indicate the type of test given to this person? / Did the police report indicate the result of the drug test? SAS Name: Person.DrugTest / Person.Drtstype / Person.Drtsrest Oracle Name: GES.Person.DrugTestGiven / GES.Person.DrugTestType / GES.Person.DrugTestResult ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Subfield 1 – Test Status 1 10 0 0 Test Not Given 2 11 1 1 Test Refused 3 12 2 2 Test Given 7 97 7 8 Not Reported 4 19 9 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 2 – Test Type 1 0 00 0 Test Not Given 2 1 01 1 Blood 3 2 02 2 Urine 4 3 03 3 Both: Blood and Urine Tests 6 98 98 7 Unknown Test Type 5 8 08 8 Other Test Type 8 97 97 6 Not Reported 7 99 99 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 3 – Test Result 1 0 0 000 Test Not Given X X X 001 No Drugs Reported/Negative X X X 100- Narcotic* 295 X X X 300- Depressant* 2010 579 P21/NM20 395 X X X 400- Stimulant* 495 X X X 500- Hallucinogen* 595 X X X 600- Cannabinoid* 695 X X X 700- Phencyclidine (PCP)* 795 X X X 800- Anabolic Steroid* 895 X X X 900- Inhalant* 995 X X X 996 Other Drug X X X 997 Test for Drug, Results Unknown X X X 998 Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive 6 5 5 095 Not Reported 5 9 9 999 Unknown If Tested *See Specific Drug Listings Remarks: Subfield 1 – Test Status indicates whether or not a test was performed on this person to detect the presence of drugs. Test Not Given is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was not given. If Test Status is Test Not Given then Test Type and Test Result will also be Test Not Given. Test Refused is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was refused. If Test Status is Test Refused then Test Type and Test Result will be Test Not Given. Test Given is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was given. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” 580 2010 P21/NM20 Subfield 2 – Test Type identifies the type of test that was administered to this person as indicated in the case materials. You may record up to 3 separate drug test types and their corresponding result. Blood is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to detect the presence of drugs. Urine is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to detect the presence of drugs. Both: Blood and Urine Tests is used when the case materials indicate this testing combination was used to detect the presence of drugs. Typically this would be found on a toxicology report. Other Test Type is used when the case materials indicate a type of test used to detect the presence of drugs was recorded as “Other” or is indicated to be of a type other than the available attributes. Unknown Test Type is used when the case materials indicate a test was given but do not specify the type of test. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” Subfield 3 – Test Result records the specific drug or its category identified by a test performed on this person to detect the presence of drugs. This element excludes Nicotine, Aspirin, and Alcohol. In addition, exclude drugs explicitly indicated to have been administered after the crash. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: You may record up to 3 separate drug test results and their corresponding test type. Use the translation table to assign the three-digit code. If the drug is not on the list, use Other Drug, except for drug confirmed as “post crash” administered. Caffeine and mild analgesics are coded Other Drug When four or more drugs are present, use the categories as a hierarchy (ex. narcotics (100-295) over depressants (300-395) over stimulants (400-495), etc.) 2010 581 P21/NM20 Test Not Given is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was not given. If Test Status is Test Not Given then Test Type and Test Result will also be Test Not Given. Negative is used when the case materials indicate that a test for the presence of drugs was “negative” or that no drugs were found. Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown refers to drug tests that were performed but the results are reported as unknown or are unobtainable. Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown can be used for any Test Type. As a general coding guideline, do not prematurely use Test Result Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown. It is recommended that you leave the information blank until the test results are received from the state lab, coroner or police. You need to be reasonably certain that you will never receive the test results to use attribute “97” at the time of the initial coding and case entry. Examples of this situation would be if the test results are returned indicating a “Contaminated Sample” or “Insufficient Sample.” Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive can be used for any Test Type code where the result is indicated to be positive without an actual drug identified to record. This should only be used when a final test result is returned as “positive” with no actual result to record. This can occur when a screening test is used and it is the only test result available. Before recording this value make sure that this is the final test result and no actual value was available from a follow-up confirmatory test. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown if Tested is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if Tested.” 582 2010 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Acetominophen + Codeine 100 APC + Codeine 113 Acetorphine 101 Aprobarbital 379 Acetyl-alph-methlfentanyl 102 Aspirin + Codeine 114 Acetyldihydrocodeine 103 Acetylmethadol 104 Barbitol 302 Aerosols (hydrocarbon) 940 Barbiturates 303 Alfentanil 105 Barbituric Acid Derivative 380 Allylprodine 106 Benzethidine 115 Alpha, Beta-dihydroxy-alpha- Benzitramide 116 androstane 828 Benzodiazepines 304 Alphacetylmethandol 220 Benzoylecgonine 402 Alpha-Ethyltryptamine 523 Benzphetamine 403 Alpha-methyl-alpha-beta-dihy- Benzylfentanyl 305 droxy-alpha-androstane 829 Benzylmorphine 117 Alpha-methyl-beta-beta-dihy- Beta, beta-dihydroxy-alpha- droxy-alpha-androstane 830 androstane 837 Alpha-methyl-beta-beta- Beta-Hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl 221 dihydroxy-androstene 831 Beta-hydroxyfentanyl 118 Alpha-methyl-delta 1- Betacetylmethadol 119 dihydrotestosterone 832 Betameprodine 120 Alpha-methylfentanyl 107 Betamethadol 121 Alpha-methyl- Betaprodine 122 hydroxynandrolone 833 Bezitramide 123 Alpha-methythiofentanyl 108 Bolasterone 838 Alpha-methyltryptamine 534 Boldenone 800 Alphameprodine 109 Bromo-dimethoxyamphetamine 524 Alphamethadol 110 Bromo-dimethoxyphenethylamine 525 Alphaprodine 111 Bromazepam 306 Alprazolam 300 Bufotenine 501 Aminorex 428 Buprenorphine 124 Amobarbital 301 Butobarbital 307 Amobarbital & non-controlled Butalbitol 308 active ingred. 378 Butobarbital (butethal) 389 Amobarbital suppository Butorphanol 218 dosage form 388 Butly Nitrite 923 Amphetamine 401 Amphetamine Sulfate 400 Calusterone 839 Amphetamine Variants 500 Camazepam 309 Amyl Nitrite 921 “Cannabinoid, Type Unknown” 695 Anabolic Steroid, Type Unknown 895 Carbamate 310 Androstanedione 834 Carfentanil 125 Androstenediol 835 Carisoprodol 376 Androstenedione 836 Cathine (Norpseudoephedrine) 404 Anesthetic Gases 920 Cathinone 429 Anileridine 112 Chloral betaine 311 2010 583 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Chloralhydrate 312 Difenenoxin 225 Chlordiazepoxide 313 Difenoxin 135 Chlorhexadol 314 Difenoxin 1 mg/25ug AtSO4/du 242 Chloroform 926 Difenoxion preparations – Chlorotestosterone 801 0.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4/du 243 Chlorphentermine 405 Dihydrocodeine 136 Chlostebol 802 Dihydrocodeine combination Clobazam 315 product 90 mg/du 244 Clonazepam 316 Dihydrocodeine preparations Clonitazene 126 10 mg/100 ml or 100 gm 245 Clorazepate 382 Dihydromorphine 137 Clorazepate Dipotassium 317 Dihydrotesterone 804 Clortermine 406 Dihyroetrophine 226 Clostebol 827 Dimenoxadol 138 Clotiazepam 318 Dimepheptanol 139 Cloxazolam 319 Dimethoxyamphetamine(DOM) 504 Coca Leaves 430 Dimethoxyethylamphetamine 535 Cocaine 407 Dimethoxy-(n)-propyl- Codeine 128 thiophenethylamine 536 Codeine combiniation product Dimethylamphetamine 532 90 mg/du 240 Dimethylthiambutene 140 Codeine preparations – 200 mg/ Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 505 100 ml or 100 gm 241 Dioxaphetyl Butyrate 141 Codeine & isoquinoline 222 Diphenoxylate 142 Diphenoxylate preparations Codeine methylbromide 127 2.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4 246 Codeine-N-oxide 223 Dipipanone 143 Cyprenorphine 129 Diprenorphine 227 Diprenorphine Hydroclhoride 145 DMA 506 Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone 803 Dronabinol 507 Delorazepam 320 Drostanolone 805 Delta 1-dihydrotestosterone 840 Drotebanol 144 Delta 9 600 “Depressants, Type Unknown” 395 Ecgonine 410 Desomorphine 130 Embutramide 390 Dexfenfluramine 383 Estazolam 322 Dextroamphetamine 408 Ethchlorvynol 323 Dextromoramide 131 Ether 925 Dextropropoxyphene 224 Ethinamate 324 Diacetylmorphine 132 Ethyl Ioflazepate 325 Diampromide 133 Ethylmorphine combination Diazepam 321 product 15 mg/du 247 Dichloralphenazone 431 Ethylmorphine preparations 100 Diethylpropion 409 mg/100 ml or 100 gm 248 Diethylthiambutene 134 Diethyltryptamine (DET) 503 584 2010 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Ethyl-phenylcyclohexylamine 533 Hydromorphinol 156 Ethyl-pipirdylbenzilate 508 Hydromorphone 157 Ethylamine 700 Hydroxy-Nortestosterone 842 Ethylestrenol 806 Hydroxypethidine 158 Ethylmethylthiambutene 146 Hydroxytestosterone 843 Ethylmorphine 147 Hydroxzine 334 Etonitazene 148 Ibogaine 509 Etorphine 149 “Inhalants, Type Unknown” 995 Etoxerdine 150 Insecticides 942 Isomethadone 159 Fencamfamin 411 Fenethylline 412 Ketamine 522 Fenfluramine 413 Ketazolam 335 Fenproporex 414 Ketobemidone 160 Fentanyl 151 Fiorinal + Codeine 152 Lacquer Thinners 904 Fiorinol 326 Levo-alphacetylmethado 228 Fludiazepam 327 Levomoramide 161 Flunitrazepam 328 Levophenacylmorphan 162 Fluoxymesterone 807 Levomethorphan 163 Flurazepam 384 Levorphanol 229 Flurazepam Hydrochloride 329 Levorphanol Tartrate 164 Formebulone (Formebolone) 808 Lisdexamfetamine 436 Frying Pan Lubricants 944 Loprazolam 336 Furazabol 841 Lorazepam 337 Furethidine 153 Lormetazepam 338 LSD 510 Gamma Hydroxybutyric (GHB) 377 Lysergic Acid 511 Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid Lysergic Acid Amide 527 preparations 391 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide 528 Glass Chillers 943 Glutethimide 330 Marijuana/Marihuana 603 Marinol 604 Hair spray 941 Mazindol 415 Halazepam 331 Mebutamate 339 “Hallucinogens, Type Unknown” 595 Mecloqualone 340 Haloxazolam 332 Medazepam 341 Hashish 602 Mefenorex 416 Hashish Oil 601 Meperidine (Pethidine) 165 Heroin 154 Meperidine intermediate-A 251 Hexobarbital 333 Meperidine intermediate-B 252 Hydrocodone 155 Meperidine intermediate-C 253 Hydrocodone & isoquinoline Mephobarbital alkaloid<15 mg/du 249 (Methylphenobarbital) 342 Hydrocodone combination Meprobamate 343 product<15 mg/du 250 Mescaline 512 Mestanolone 844 2010 585 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Mesterolone 809 Morphine combination product/ Metazocine 166 50 mg/100 ml or gm 255 Methadone 167 Morphine methylbromide 176 Methadone intermediate 254 Morphine methylsulfonate 175 Methamphetamine 417 Morphine-N-oxide 231 Methandienone 810 Myrophine 178 Methandranone 811 Methandriol 812 Nabilone 516 Methandrostenolone 813 Nethylamphetamine 419 Methaqualone 344 Nalorphine 179 Metharbital 345 Nandrolone 817 Methcathinone 432 “Narcotics, Type Unknown” 295 Methenolone 814 N-Benzylpiperazine 439 Methohexital 346 N-Hydroxymethylenedioxy- Methoxyamphetamine (PMA) 514 amphetamine 538 Methoxy-Methylenedioxy- Nicocodeine 180 amphetamine 437 Nicomorphine 181 Methoxy-NN- Nimetazepam 349 diisopropyltryptamine 537 Nitrazepam 350 Methylaminorex 529 Nitrous Oxide 924 Methyldesorphine 168 N-Methylpiperidyl benzilate 539 Methyldienolone 845 N, N-Dimethylamphetamine 438 Methyldihydromorphine 169 Noracymethadol 182 Methyl-dimethoxyamphetamine 530 Norandrostenediol 847 Methylenedioxy-N- Norandrostenedione 848 ethylamphetamine 531 Norbolethone 849 Methylenedioxyamphetamine Norclostebol 850 (MDA) 515 Nordiazepam 351 Methylenedioxymetham- Norethandrolone 818 phetamine (MDMA) 513 Norlevorphanol 183 Methylfentanyl 170 Normethadone 184 Methylone 435 Normethandrolone 851 Methlphenidate 418 Normorphine 185 Methylphenylpropionoxypiperid 171 Norpipanone 186 ine (MPPP) Methyltestosterone 815 Opium 187 Methylthiofentanyl 230 Opium combination product Methyltrienolone 846 25 mg/du 256 Methyprylon 347 Opium extract 232 Metopon 172 Opium fluid extract 233 Mibolerone 816 Opium, granulated 258 Midazolam 348 Opium Poppy 234 Modafinil 433 Opium, powdered 259 Moramide 173 Opium preparations – 100 mg/ Morpheridine 174 100 ml or 100 gm 257 Morphine 177 Opium Tincture 235 586 2010 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Oripavine 260 Phenylacetyloxypiperidine “Other” 996 (PEPAP) 201 Oxandrolone 819 Phenylcyclohexylamine 704 Oxazepam 352 Pholcodine 202 Oxazolam 353 Piminodine 203 Oxmorphone 188 Pinazepam 359 Oxycodone 189 Piperidinocyclohexane- Oxymesterone 820 carbonitrile (PCC) 705 Oxymetholone 821 Pipradrol 424 Piritramide 204 Paint and Paint Removers 902 Plastic Cement (airplane glue) 901 Parafluorofentanyl 190 Poppy Straw 237 Parahexyl (Synhexyl) 701 Poppy Straw Concentrate 238 Paraldehyde 354 Prazepam 360 Paregoric 191 Pregabalin 396 Parepectolin 192 Proheptazine 205 “PCP, Type Unknown” 795 Properidine 206 Pemoline 420 Propiram 207 Pentazocine 193 Propoxyphene 208 Pentobarbital 355 Propylhexedrine 425 Pentobarbital & noncontrolled Psilocybin 519 active ingred. 393 Psilocyn 520 Pentobarbital suppository Pyrovalerone 426 dosage form 394 “Pyrrolidine (PCPy, PHP, TCPy)” 706 Pethidine (Meperidne) 194 Petrichloral 356 Quazepam 361 “Petroleum Products (gasoline, kerosene)” 903 Racemethorphan 209 Peyote 517 Racemoramide 210 Phenadoxone 195 Racemorphan 211 Phenampromide 196 Remifentanil 239 Phenanthrine 197 Phenazocine 198 Secobarbital 362 Phencyclidine 702 Secobarbital & noncontrolled Phencyclidine Analogs 703 active ingred. 397 Phenylcyclohexyl-Pyrrolidine 709 Secobarbital suppository Phenylethyl-phenyl- dosage form 398 acetoxypiperidine 236 Sibutramine 385 Phencyclohexylamine 357 SPA 427 Phendimetrazine 421 Stanolone 822 Phenmetrazine 422 Stanozolol 823 Phenobarbital 358 Stenbolone 852 Phenomorphan 199 Stimulant compounds Phenoperidine 200 previously excepted 440 Phentermine 423 “Stimulants, Type Unknown” 495 Phenylacetone (P2P) 518 Sulfentanil 212 Sulfondiethylmethane 363 2010 587 P21/NM20 Alphabetical Drug Index Sulfonethylmethane 364 Thiopental(Pentothal) 371 Sulfonmethane 365 Thiophen 707 Tiletamine 372 Talbutal 366 Tilidine 216 Temazepam 367 Triazolam 373 Tested; Drugs Found; type 998 Trenbolone 826 Tested; Results unknown 997 Trimeperidine 217 Testolactone 824 Trimethoxy amphetamine 521 Testosterone 825 Tybamate 374 Tetrahydrocannabinols 605 Tetrahydrogestrinone 853 Unknown If Tested For Drugs 999 Tetrazepam 368 THC 606 Vinbarbital 434 Thebacon 213 Volatile Solvents (toluene) 900 Thebaine 214 Thenylfentanyl 369 Zaleplon 386 Thiamylal 370 Zolazepam (Telazol) 375 Thienylcyclohexyl]piperidine 708 Zolpidem 387 Thienyl Cyclohexyl Pyrrolidine 710 Zopiclone 399 Thiofentanyl 215 588 2010 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 100-295 NARCOTICS 143 Dipipanone 144 Diprenorphine Hydroclhoride 100 Acetominophen + Codeine 145 Drotebanol 101 Acetorphine 146 Ethylmethylthiambutene 102 Acetyl-alpha-methlfentanyl 147 Ethylmorphine 103 Acetyldihydrocodeine 148 Etonitazene 104 Acetylmethadol 149 Etorphine 105 Alfentanil 150 Etoxerdine 106 Allylprodine 151 Fentanyl 107 Alpha-methylfentanyl 152 Fiorinal + Codeine 108 Alpha-methythiofentanyl 153 Furethidine 109 Alphameprodine 154 Heroin 110 Alphamethadol 155 Hydrocodone 111 Alphaprodine 156 Hydromorphinol 112 Anileridine 157 Hydromorphone 113 APC + Codeine 158 Hydroxypethidine 114 Asprin + Codeine 159 Isomethadone 115 Benzethidine 160 Ketobemidone 116 Benzitramide 161 Levomoramide 117 Benzylmorphine 162 Levophenacylmorphan 118 Beta-hydroxyfentanyl 163 Levormethorphan 119 Betacetylmethadol 164 Levorphanol Tartrate 120 Betameprodine 165 Meperidine (Pethidine) 121 Betamethadol 166 Metazocine 122 Betaprodine 167 Methadone 123 Bexitramide 168 Methyldesorphine 124 Buprenorphine 169 Methyldihydromorphine 125 Carfentanil 170 Methylfentanyl 126 Clonitazene 171 Methylphenylpropionoxypiperidine 127 Codeine methylbromide (MPPP ) 128 Codeine 172 Metopon 129 Cyprenorphine 173 Moramide 130 Desomorphine 174 Morpheridine 131 Dextromoramide 175 Morphine methylsulfonate 132 Diacetylmorphine 176 Morphine methylbromide 133 Diampromide 177 Morphine 134 Diethylthiambutene 178 Myrophine 135 Difenoxin 179 Nalorphine 136 Dihydrocodeine 180 Nicocodeine 137 Dihydromorphine 181 Nicomorphine 138 Dimenoxadol 182 Noracymethadol 139 Dimepheptanol 183 Norlevorphanol 140 Dimethylthiambutene 184 Normethadone 141 Dioxaphetyl Butyrate 185 Normorphine 142 Diphenoxylate 186 Norpipanone 2010 589 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 187 Opium 233 Opium Fluid Extract 188 Oxmorphone 234 Opium Poppy 189 Oxycodone 235 Opium Tincture 190 Parafluorofentanyl 236 Phenylethyl-phenyl- 191 Paregoric acetoxypiperidine 192 Parepectolin 237 Poppy Straw 193 Pentazocine 238 Poppy Straw Concentrate 194 Pethidine (Meperidne) 239 Remifentanil 195 Phenadoxone 240 Codeine combination product 196 Phenampromide 90 mg/du 197 Phenanthrine 241 Codeine preparations – 198 Phenazocine 200 mg/100 ml or 100 gm 199 Phenomorphan 242 Difenoxin 1 mg/25ug AtSO4/du 200 Phenoperidine 243 Difenoxin preparations – 201 Phenylacetyloxypiperidine (PEPAP) 0.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4/du 202 Pholcodine 244 Dihydrocodeine combination 203 Piminodine product 90 mg/du 204 Piritramide 245 Dihydrocodeine preparations 205 Proheptazine 10 mg/100 ml or 100 gm 206 Properidine 246 Diphenoxylate preparations 207 Propiram 2.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4 208 Propoxyphene 247 Ethylmorphine combination 209 Racemethorphan product 15 mg/du 210 Racemoramide 248 Ethylmorphine preparations 211 Racemorphan 100 mg/100 ml or 100 gm 212 Sulfentanil 249 Hydrocodone & isoquinoline 213 Thebacon alkaloid<15 mg/du 214 Thebaine 250 Hydrocodone combination 215 Thiofentanyl product<15 mg/du 216 Tilidine 251 Meperidine intermediate-A 217 Trimeperidine 252 Meperidine intermediate-B 218 Butorphanol 253 Meperidine intermediate-C 220 Alphacetylmethandol 254 Methadone intermediate 221 Beta-Hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl 255 Morphine combination product/ 222 Codeine & Isooquinoline 50 mg/100 ml or gm 223 Codeine-N-oxide 256 Opium combination product 224 Dextropropoxyphene 25 mg/du 225 Difenenoxin 257 Opium preparations – 100 mg/ 226 Dihyroetrophine 100 ml or/100 gm 227 Diprenorphine 258 Opium, granulated 228 Levo-alphacetylmethado 259 Opium, powdered 229 Levorphanol 260 Oripavine 230 Methylthiofentanyl 295 “Narcotics, Type Unknown” 231 Morphine-N-oxide 232 Opium extract 590 2010 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 300-399 DEPRESSANTS 342 Mephobarbital (Methylphenobarbital) 300 Alprazolam 343 Meprobamate 301 Amobarbital 344 Methaqualone 302 Barbitol 345 Metharbital 303 Barbiturates 346 Methohexital 304 Benzodiazepines 347 Methyprylon 305 Benzylfentanyl 348 Midazolam 306 Bromazepam 349 Nimetazepam 307 Butabarbital 350 Nitrazepam 308 Butalbitol 351 Nordiazepam 309 Camazepam 352 Oxazepam 310 Carbamate 353 Oxazolam 311 Chloral betaine 354 Paraldehyde 312 Chloralhydrate 355 Pentobarbital 313 Chlordiazeproxide 356 Petrichloral 314 Clorhexadol 357 Phencyclohexylamine 315 Clobazam 358 Phenobarbital 316 Clonazepam 359 Pinazepam 317 Clorazepate Dipotassium 360 Prazepam 318 Clotiazepam 361 Quazepam 319 Cloxazolam 362 Secobarbital 320 Delorazepam 363 Sulfondiethylmethane 321 Diazepam 364 Sulfonethylmethane 322 Estazolam 365 Sulfonmethane 323 Ethchlorvynol 366 Talbutal 324 Ethinamate 367 Temazepam 325 Ethyl Ioflazepate 368 Tetrazepam 326 Fiorinol 369 Thenylfentanyl 327 Fludiazepam 370 Thiamylal 328 Flunitrazepam 371 Thiopental (Pentothal) 329 Flurazepam Hydrochloride 372 Tiletamine 330 Glutethimide 373 Traizolam 331 Halazepam 374 Tybamate 332 Haloxazolam 375 Zolazepam (Telazol) 333 Hexobarbital 376 Carisoprodol 334 Hydroxzine 377 Gamma Hydroxybutryate (GHB) 335 Ketazolam 378 Amobarbital & non-controlled active 336 Loprazolam ingred. 337 Lorazepam 379 Aprobarbital 338 Lormetazepam 380 Barbituric Acid Derivative 339 Mebutamate 382 Clorazepate 340 Mecloqualone 383 Dexfenfluramine 341 Medazepam 384 Flurazepam 385 Sibutramine 2010 591 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 386 Zaleplon 423 Phentermine 387 Zolpidem 424 Pipradrol 388 Amobarbital suppository dosage 425 Propylhexedrine form 426 Pyrovalerone 389 Butobarbital (butethal) 427 SPA 390 Embutramide 428 Aminorex 391 Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid 429 Cathinone preparations 430 Coca Leaves 393 Pentobarbital & noncontrolled 431 Dichloralphenazone active ingred. 432 Methcathinone 394 Pentobarbital suppository dosage 433 Modafinil form 434 Vinabarbital 395 “Depressants, Type Unknown” 435 Methylone 396 Pregabalin 436 Lisdexamfetamine 397 Secobarbital & noncontrolled 437 Methoxy-Methylenedioxyamphetamine active ingred. 438 N, N-Dimethylamphetamine 398 Secobarbital suppository dosage 439 N-Benzylpiperazine form 440 Stimulant compounds previously 399 Zopiclone excepted 495 “Stimulants, Type Unknown” 400-495 STIMULANTS 500-595 HALLUCINOGENS 400 Amphetamine Sulfate 401 Amphetamine 500 Amphetamine Variants 402 Benzoylecgonine 501 Bufotenine 403 Benzphetamine 503 Diethyltryptamine (DET) 404 Cathine (Norpseudoephedrine) 504 Dimethoxyamphetamine(DOM) 405 Chlorphentermine 505 Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 406 Clortermine 506 DMA 407 Cocaine 507 Dronabinol 408 Dextroamphetamine 508 Ethyl-pipirdylbenzilate 409 Diethylpropion 509 Ibogaine 410 Ecgonine 510 LSD 411 Fencamfamin 511 Lysergic Acid 412 Fenethylline 512 Mescaline 413 Fenfluramine 513 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine 414 Fenproporex (MDMA) 415 Mazindol 514 Methoxyamphetamine (PMA) 416 Menfenorex 515 Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) 417 Methamphetamine 516 Nabilone 418 Methylphenidate 517 Peyote 419 Ne-thylamphetamine 518 Phenylacetone (P2P) 420 Pemoline 519 Psilocybin 421 Phendimetrazine 520 Psilocyn 422 Phenmetrazine 521 Trimethoxy amphetamine 592 2010 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 522 Ketamine 708 Thienylcyclohexyl/piperidine 523 Alpha-Ethyltryptamine 709 Phenylcyclohexyl-Pyrrolidine 524 Bromo-dimethoxyamphetamine 710 Thienyl Cyclohexyl Pyrrolidine 525 Bromo-dimethoxyphenethylamine 795 “PCP, Type Unknown” 527 Lysergic Acid Amide 528 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide 800-895 ANABOLIC STEROIDS 529 Methylaminorex 530 Meth-dimethoxyamphetamine 800 Boldenone 531 Methylenedioxy-N- 801 Chlorotestosterone ethylamphetamine 802 Chlostebol 532 Dimethylamphetamine 803 Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone 533 Ethyl-phenylcyclohexylamine 804 Dihydrotesterone 534 Alpha-methyltryptamine 805 Drostanolone 535 Dimethoxyethylamphetamine 806 Ethylestrenol 536 Dimethoxy-(n)- 807 Fluoxymesterone propylthiophenethylamine 808 Formebulone (Formebolone) 537 Methoxy-NN- 809 Mesterolone diisopropyltryptamine 810 Methandienone 538 N-Hydroxymethylenedioxy- 811 Methandranone amphetamine 812 Methandriol 539 N-Methylpiperidyl benzilate 813 Methandrostenolone 595 “Hallucinogens, Type Unknown” 814 Methenolone 815 Methyltestosterone 600-695 CANNABINOID 816 Mibolerone 817 Nandrolone 600 Delta 9 818 Norethandrolone 601 Hashish Oil 819 Oxandrolone 602 Hashish 820 Oxymesterone 603 Marijuana 821 Oxymetholone 604 Marinol 822 Stanolone 605 Tetrahydrocannabinoid 823 Stanozolol 606 THC 824 Testolactone 695 “Cannabinoid, Type Unknown” 825 Testosterone 826 Trenbolone 700-795 PCP 827 Clostebol 828 Alpha, Beta-dihydroxy-alpha- 700 Ethylamine androstane 701 Parahexyl (Synhexyl) 829 Alpha-methyl-alpha-beta- 702 Phencyclidine dihydroxy-alpha-androstane 703 Phencyclidine Analogs 830 Alpha-methyl-beta-beta- 704 Phenylcyclohexylamine dihydroxy-alpha-androstane 705 Piperidinocyclohexane-carbonitrile 831 Alpha-methyl-beta-beta- (PCC) dihydroxy-androstene 706 “Pyrrolidine (PCPy, PHP,TCPy) ” 832 Alpha-methyl-delta 1- 707 Thiophene dihydrotestosterone 2010 593 P21/NM20 Drugs by Category Type 833 Alpha-methyl-hydroxynandrolone 834 Androstanedione 996 OTHER, 835 Androstenediol 836 Androstenedione 997 TESTED; RESULTS UNKNOWN 837 Beta, beta-dihydroxy-alpha- androstane 998 TESTED; DRUGS FOUND; TYPE 838 Bolasterone UNKNOWN 839 Calusterone 840 Delta 1-dihydrotestosterone 999 UNKNOWN IF TESTED FOR DRUG 841 Furazabol 842 Hydroxy-Nortestosterone 843 Hydroxytestosterone 844 Mestanolone 845 Methyldienolone 846 Methyltrienolone 847 Norandrostenediol 848 Norandrostenedione 849 Norbolethone 850 Norclostebol 851 Normethandrolone 852 Stenbolone 853 Tetrahydrogestrinone 895 “Anabolic Steroid, Type Unknown” 900-995 INHALANT 900 Volatile Solvents (toluene) 901 Plastic Cement (airplane glue) 902 Paint and Paint Removers 903 “Petroleum Products (gasoline, kerosene)” 904 Lacquer Thinners 920 Anesthetic Gases 921 Amyl Nitrite 923 Butly Nitrite 924 Nitrous Oxide 925 Ether 926 Chloroform 940 Aerosols (hydrocarbon gases) 941 Hair spray 942 Insecticides 943 Glass Chillers 944 Frying Pan Lubricants 995 “Inhalants, Type Unknown” 594 2010 P22/NM21 TRANSPORTED TO MEDICAL FACILITY BY GES: P10 FARS:P22/NM21 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/ Non-Motorist Format: 1 numeric Characteristics Screen Name: Transported (820-E) Long Name: What is the mode of transportation used to transport this person to a hospital or other treatment facility? SAS Name: Person.Hospital Oracle Name: GES.Person.Treatment ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 4 4 0 Not Transported 3 6 6 1 EMS Air 2 5 5 5 EMS Ground 4 7 7 3 EMS Unknown Mode 5 8 8 2 Law Enforcement 6 9 9 4 Transported Unknown Source 98 98 98 6 Other 97 97 97 8 Not Reported 99 99 99 9 Unknown Remarks: Medical Facility refers to an injury treatment facility. The treatment facility is the first medical facility to which the person is taken. Use appropriate attribute, even if the person dies en route to the treatment facility. A morgue is not an injury treatment facility. Use attributes EMS Air, EMS Ground, Law Enforcement, EMS Unknown Mode or Other if the person did not go to a treatment facility directly from the scene, but was transported at a later time for injuries sustained in this crash. If there is an indication that both air and ground transportation were used, code EMS Air. Not Transported is used for victims who are dead on the scene and for those who are not taken (or do not go) to a treatment facility or hospital for treatment. For example, an uninjured occupant rides along with an injured person to a treatment facility. 2010 595 P22/NM21 EMS Ground includes transport by private and county/city-owned ambulance or rescue squad vehicles. EMS Unknown Mode is used when a person who is transported to a treatment facility by EMS, but the mode of transportation is not known. Law Enforcement includes transport by state, county or local law enforcement agency vehicles. Transported Unknown Source is used if you know the person was transported to a treatment facility, but you do not know the source. Other includes transport by private citizens or individuals who drive themselves to the hospital or treatment facility. May be indicated on your crash report as “POV” (Privately/Personally Owned Vehicle). Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when it is reported as “unknown” whether or not this victim was taken (or went) to a hospital/treatment facility for treatment. FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: Prior to 2007, this element was called “Taken to Hospital or Treatment Facility” and only recorded whether or not the person was transported for treatment. After 2007, this element’s name was changed to “Transported for Treatment By”. Beginning in 2010, this element's name is changed to "Transported to Medical Facility By” and indicates if the person was transported for treatment, and if transported, the source of transport. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: This data element is not related to GES sampling. 596 2010 P23/NM22 DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE GES: XXX FARS:P23/NM22 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Applicable X X X 7 Died at Scene X X X 8 Died En Route X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: Not Applicable is used for non-fatalities and victims dying at locations other than the scene or en route (e.g., hospital, at home, etc.). Died at Scene is used for victims who are dead on the scene of the crash. Died En Route is used for victims who die en route to a hospital or treatment facility by EMS or other transport. Unknown is used when you know the victim is a fatality, but you don’t know if they died at the scene, en route, or at another location (e.g., home). 2010 597 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 598 2010 P24/NM23 DEATH DATE GES: XXX FARS:P24/NM23 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 sets of 2 numeric, 1 set of 4 Screen Name: numeric Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Month: X X X 88 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 01-12 X X X 99 Unknown Day: X X X 88 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 01-31 X X X 99 Unknown Year: X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X Actual Year of Death X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: The death must occur within thirty 24-hour time periods from time of the crash in order to be an applicable FARS death. This element, although it contains three (3) pieces of information should, be treated as one element. Therefore, never leave any one portion blank when another is not. Normally, the medical examiner or coroner is source of data for death date. If there are not data inconsistencies or errors, use the official death time as recorded on the Death Certificate. Do not change the official death date without good cause. 2010 599 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 600 2010 P25/NM24 DEATH TIME GES: XXX FARS:P25/NM24 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 0000- Valid Military Time 2359 X X X 0099- Known Hour but Unknown Minutes 2399 X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: If minutes are unknown, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. One minute after midnight is coded 0001.” Normally, the medical examiner or coroner is source of data for death time. If there are no data inconsistencies or errors, use the official death time as recorded on the Death Certificate. Do not change the official death time without good cause. If it is known that the person died at the scene and the official death time or “pronounced death time” (on the Death Certificate) is known to be in error, CRASH TIME is the appropriate DEATH TIME to be used. How to Code Midnight: In general, code midnight as 0000. However, there may be confusion over which day midnight falls into. Crash Time is recorded between 00:00-23:59. Midnight is coded as 00:00 to represent the beginning of a new day. This may not be the practice followed in your sources. Therefore, you have to determine which part of the day is being considered in your sources. 2010 601 P25/NM24 End of Day If your data sources give you a Crash Date and are consistent in talking about the end of that day, when they give the time of the crash as “midnight,” “12:00-midnight,” “24:00” or “00:00,” then you should code Crash Time as 2359. Beginning of Day If your sources give a Crash Date and are consistent in referring to the beginning or early moments of that day when they give a crash time, code midnight as 0000. 602 2010 P26 RELATED FACTORS – PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:P26 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric occurring 3 times Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 05 Interfering With Driver X X X 08 Mentally Challenged X X X 09 Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker X X X 18 Mother of Dead Fetus X X X 21 Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo X X X 26 Following Improperly X X X 28 Failure to Keep in Proper Lane X X X 29 Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median X X X 32 Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion X X X 33 Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass Line X X X 37 *Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways X X X 40 Passing Through or Around Barrier X X X 41 *Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them X X X 42 Failure to Signal Intentions X X X 44 Driving Too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Maximum X X X 45 Driving Less Than Posted Minimum X X X 47 Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn From Right-Turn Lane X X X 51 Operator Inexperience X X X 52 Unfamiliar with Roadway X X X 56 Non-Driver Flees Scene 2010 603 P26 X X X 57 Improper Tire Pressure X X X 58 Locked Wheel X X X 59 Overcorrecting X X X 60 Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust X X X 61 Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights X X X 62 Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (including traffic signs, embankment) X X X 63 Building, Billboard, Other Structures X X X 64 Trees, Crops, Vegetation X X X 65 Motor Vehicle (including load) X X X 66 Parked Vehicle X X X 67 Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle X X X 68 Inadequate Lighting System X X X 69 Obstructing Angles on Vehicle X X X 70 Mirrors X X X 72 Other Visual Obstruction X X X 73 Severe Crosswind X X X 74 Wind From Passing Truck X X X 75 Slippery or Loose Surface X X X 76 Tire Blowout or Flat X X X 77 Debris or Objects in Road X X X 78 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road X X X 80 Vehicle in Road X X X 81 Phantom Vehicle X X X 82 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Persons on Personal Conveyances. X X X 83 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road X X X 86 Emergency Services Personnel X X X 87 Police or Law Enforcement Officer X X X 88 Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined X X X 91 Portable Electronic Devices X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Related Factors Examples/Notes 00 Not Applicable – Driver/None – All Other Persons 604 2010 P26 Related Factors Examples/Notes 05 Interfering With Driver Obstructing driver’s view. Striking driver with body or object. Rambunctious individuals who make driver inattentive, even without touching driver or controls. Motorcycle passenger (or other cyclist) shifting weight or affecting driver control. 08 Mentally Challenged Mental illness/retardation may be included. 09 Construction/Maintenance/Utility Highway department, contractor, utility company Worker personnel, etc. Occupant of a working motor vehicle. 18 Mother of Dead Fetus Fetus dies in or as a result of this crash. 21 Overloading or Improper Loading Overloading bicycle, passenger or handlebars. of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo 26 Following Improperly Bicyclist following too closely or attempting to grab on to vehicle. Also applies to skateboard riders, roller bladders, etc. 28 Failure to Keep in Proper Lane Bicyclist fails to keep in bicycle lane. Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport and working motor vehicles fail to stay in proper lane. Going straight in a turn lane. 29 Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport driving off in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median pavement or roadway, physically driving on shoulder, etc. 32 Opening Vehicle Closure into Opening trunk while vehicle is moving. Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is Opening door into moving traffic. in Motion 33 Passing Where Prohibited by Passing stopped school bus. Posted Signs, Pavement Crossing over solid line to pass. Markings, Hill or Curve, or School Passing uphill; mainly violations as designated by Bus Displaying Warning Not to traffic controls. Pass Line 2010 605 P26 Related Factors Examples/Notes 37 *Traveling on Prohibited Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport on areas Trafficways prohibited by law, such as interstates. Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport on prohibited trafficways, e.g., bicyclist on interstate. 40 Passing Through or Around Barrier Denotes “demarcated” area. 41 *Failure to Observe Warnings or Failure to follow construction instructions (e.g., Instructions on Vehicles Displaying arrows directing traffic mounted on vehicle), Them instructions on emergency vehicles (ambulances, fire trucks, police cars). Failure to observe right-turn warning on trucks, buses. Failure to heed hazard lights on disabled vehicle, school bus arm. 42 Failure to Signal Intentions Failure to signal by either lamp turn signal or hand. 44 Driving Too Fast for Conditions or Conditions denote: weather, sharp curves, bridges, in Excess of Posted Maximum tunnels, school zone, traffic, person or road. Speed greater than reasonable or prudent. 45 Driving Less Than Posted Driving too slowly, so as to impede traffic. Minimum 47 Making Right Turn From Left-Turn To distinguish from Improper Lane Change; police Lane, Left Turn From Right-Turn officer must have knowledge of driver’s intention. Lane 51 Operator Inexperience Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport unfamiliar with transport device. 52 Unfamiliar with Roadway Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport unfamiliar with roadway, based on the judgment of the police officer. 606 2010 P26 Related Factors Examples/Notes 56 Non-Driver Flees Scene Flags the non-driver who left the scene of a Hit- and-Run crash. Examples: passenger of motor vehicle in- transport fled scene on foot. Occupant of an involved parked vehicle leaves by driving their vehicle from the scene. A bicyclist clipped by a vehicle that runs off the road and overturns, leaves the scene on their bike. An involved motor vehicle in-transport is driven away by a passenger in that vehicle. 57 Improper Tire Pressure Signifies that improper tire pressure is not a defect, but rather the irresponsibility of the persons not in motor vehicles in-transport. 58 Locked Wheel Occurs when braking too suddenly as noted by police officer. Can’t be inferred just from skid marks. 59 Overcorrecting Based on the judgment of the police officer, with knowledge of the intention of the person not in a motor vehicle in-transport. Over steering. Vision Obscured by: 60 Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust 61 Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights 62 Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (including traffic signs, embankment) 63 Building, Billboard, Other Structures 64 Trees, Crops, Vegetation 2010 607 P26 Related Factors Examples/Notes 65 Motor Vehicle (including load) Vision Obscured by: • Car stopped on roadway. • Tractor-trailer moving on road. • School bus stopped, loading or unloading children. 66 Parked Vehicle Vision obscured by: • Vehicle stopped on shoulder, in parking lane. 67 Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle 68 Inadequate Lighting System 69 Obstructing Angles on Vehicle Vision Obscured by: • Obstructing angles on this person’s vehicle. Not to be confused with visual obstructions from other vehicles. (See Motor Vehicle (including load) and Parked Vehicle.) 70 Mirrors Vision Obscured by: • Rear view • Side mirrors • Others 72 Other Visual Obstruction Trailer (only) left parked. Skidding Swerving, Sliding Due To: 73 Severe Crosswind 74 Wind From Passing Truck 75 Slippery or Loose Surface Refers to actual condition of roadway surface, i.e., loose gravel roadway. Slippery or old worn blacktop. Newly paved surface. 76 Tire Blowout or Flat 77 Debris or Objects in Road Nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, trash, dead animals, pile of sand, etc. 608 2010 P26 Related Factors Examples/Notes 78 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road 80 Vehicle in Road Includes both contact and non-contact vehicles that remain at the scene. 81 Phantom Vehicle Non-contact vehicle that leaves the scene as described by the police officer. 82 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Persons on Personal Conveyances 83 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, This is for the substances on roadway that causes Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road roadway to be slick, which may interfere with traction. These are not part of the roadway design (see Slippery or Loose Surface). Other Non-Motorist Factors 86 Emergency Services Personnel Includes fire, EMS, wrecker service personnel. 87 Police or Law Enforcement Officer Federal, State or local law enforcement officer working at the time of the crash. Includes: Military and Park Police, Border Patrol and all other sworn law enforcement officers. 88 Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined 91 Portable Electronic Devices Cell phone, MP3 Player, PDA, etc. 99 Unknown Remarks: For forms with Person Type Driver, zero-fill all three fields. The related factors for drivers are captured in the Related Factors-Driver Level. Code information provided in the narrative by the investigating officer. Use of None Use when no factors are noted; zero-fill all fields. None implies that the investigating officer indicated “no factors.” Also, use None to complete remaining fields when you will be recording less than three related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. 2010 609 P26 Use of Unknown Use when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. The following lists those related factors that may be used for each person type (P7): Person Valid Related Factors Type 01 00 02 00, 05, 08-09,18, 32, 56, 86-88, 99 03 00, 05, 08-09,18, 21, 26, 28-29, 32-33, 37, 40-42, 44-45, 47, 51-52, 56-70, 72-78,80-83, 86-88, 91, 99 09 00, 05, 08-09,18, 32, 57-59, 86-88, 99 610 2010 PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL Element Page Element Page NM3 Person Number 611 NM15 Police Reported Alcohol 641 NM4 Number of Motor Vehicles 613 Involvement Striking Non-Occupant NM16 Method of Alcohol Deter- 643 NM5 Age 615 mination By Police NM6 Sex 617 NM17 Alcohol Test 645 NM7 Person Type 619 NM18 Police Reported Drug 647 NM8 Injury Severity 621 Involvement NM9 Pedestrian/Bike Typing 625 NM19 Method of Drug Deter- 649 NM10 Non-Motorist Location at 627 mination By Police Time of Crash NM20 Drug Test 651 NM11 Non-Motorist Action/ 631 NM21 Transported to Medical 653 Circumstances Prior to Facility By Crash NM22 Died at Scene/En Route 655 NM12 Non-Motorist Action/ 635 NM23 Death Date 657 Circumstances at Time of NM24 Death Time 659 Crash NM25 Related Factors – Person 661 NM13 Non-Motorist Safety 637 (Not a MV Occupant) Equipment Level NM14 Condition (Impairment) 639 at Time of Crash SP1 Death Certificate Number 669 SP2 Fatal Injury at Work 671 SP3 Race/Hispanic Origin 673 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK P4/NM3 PERSON NUMBER GES: XXX FARS: P4/NM3 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 001- Assigned Number 999 Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P4. Please see page 529 for remarks. 2010 611 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 612 2010 NM4 NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES STRIKING NON-MOTORIST GES: P22 FARS:NM4 Screen Heading: Non-Motorist Data Format: 3 numeric Screen Name: Harming Vehicle # (1000-E?) Long Name: Enter the non-motorist’s striking vehicle number. SAS Name: Person.Str_Veh Oracle Name: GES.NonMotorist.StrikeVehicleID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS n/a n/a 00 XXX Not Applicable-Occupant of a Motor Vehicle* 1-30 * 1-30 001- Assigned Vehicle Number 998 ? ? 99 999 Unknown Remarks: This data element captures the vehicle that made contact with the non-motorist being coded. This only applies to those non-motorists who are not occupants of a motor vehicle. In cases where more than one vehicle makes contact with a non-occupant, code the number of the vehicle that caused the most significant injury. If uncertain, code the number of the vehicle that made contact first. Unknown is used when the investigating officer indicates that it is unknown which vehicle struck the non-motorist. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: *Not Applicable is used for vehicle occupants (Person Types 01, 02, 03, 09). 2010 613 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 614 2010 P5/NM5 AGE GES: P07 FARS: P5/NM5 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics and Non-Motorist Format: 3 numeric Data Screen Name: Age (790-E) and Age (900-E) Long Name: Enter the person’s age. SAS Name: Person.Age Oracle Name: GES.Person.Age ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Blank 0 0 0 000 Less than One Year 000- 000-120 000- 001- Actual Age* 120 120 120 997 997 997 998 Not Reported 999 -9999 999 999 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P5. Please see page 531 for remarks. 2010 615 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 616 2010 P6/NM6 SEX GES: P08 FARS:P6/NM6 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Sex (800-E)/ Sex (910-E) Long Name: What is the person’s sex? SAS Name: Person.Sex Oracle Name: GES.Person.SexID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26712 1 1 Male 2 26713 2 2 Female 7 26717 7 8 Not Reported 3 26714 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P6. Please see page 533 for remarks. 2010 617 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 618 2010 NM7 PERSON TYPE GES: P03 FARS:NM7 Screen Heading: Non-Motorist Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Person Type (890-R) Long Name: What is the person type of this non-motorist? SAS Name: Person.Per_Type Oracle Name: GES.Person.PersonTypeID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 2 26801 04 04 Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device 3 26802 05 05 Pedestrian 4 26803 06 06 Bicyclist 5 26804 07 07 Other Cyclist 6 26805 08 08 Person on Personal Conveyances 7 26806 10 10 Persons In/On Buildings 0 26777 77 88 Not Reported 8 26807 19 19 Unknown Remarks: Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device refers to persons riding in an animal- drawn conveyance, on an animal, or injured occupants of railway trains, etc. Pedestrian is used for all pedestrians except for those in/on personal conveyances (See Persons on Personal Conveyances below) and in buildings. A pedestrian pushing a vehicle should be coded Pedestrian. Bicyclist is used for a two-wheel, non-motorized cycle. Includes all persons (operator and passengers) on a bicycle. Other Cyclist is used for unicycles and tricycles. Person on Personal Conveyances: This attribute should be used for pedestrians using personal conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling. 2010 619 NM7 Inclusions: 1) Rideable toys — Roller Skates, In-Line skates — Skateboards — Skates — Baby carriage — Scooters — Toy Wagons 2) Motorized rideable toys — Motorized skateboard — Motorized toy car 3) Devices for personal mobility assistance — Segway-style devices — Motorized and non-motorized wheelchairs — Handicapped scooters Exclusions: — Golf cart — Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs) — Go-carts — Minibike — “Pocket” motorcycles — Motor scooters — Moped Wheelchair: use the term, “wheelchair” as follows: “Wheelchair - A mobility aid, usable indoors, and designed for and used by individuals with mobility impairments, whether operated manually or powered.” Therefore all wheelchair users, motorized or not, are Persons on Personal Conveyances. RATIONALE: Some states have passed legislation to classify operators of motorized wheelchairs as “pedestrians” and others as “motor vehicles.” Also, there seems to be an increase in the variety of forms these devices take (if not in the actual number in use). Some resemble 3- wheeled scooters; others small four-wheel carts; still others look like the typical human- powered wheelchair. They are in use by individuals who are unable to walk, who have limited walking ability, or who need to avoid walking for reasons of health or stamina. Since these devices simply supply a form of assisted “walking” for such persons, their legitimate users may be seen as “other persons on personal conveyances” just as other non-motorists moving along a sidewalk, walking with or against traffic on the edge of a road, crossing the roadway, or turning into a driveway. Persons In/On Buildings is used for a person inside of or on a building who is struck by a motor vehicle. Persons In/On Buildings takes precedence over attributes “05-08.” 620 2010 NM7 Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown Type of Non-Motorist is used only when it cannot be determined which attribute is applicable for persons not in motor vehicles. 2010 621 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 622 2010 P8/NM8 INJURY SEVERITY GES: P09 FARS:P8/NM8 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/ Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Injury Severity (810-E)/Injury Severity (920-E) Long Name: What is the police reported injury severity for this occupant? / What is the police reported injury severity for this person? SAS Name: Person.Inj_Sev Oracle Name: GES.Person.InjurySeverityID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26746 0 0 No Injury (O) 2 26747 1 1 Possible Injury (C) 3 26748 2 2 Non-incapacitating Evident Injury (B) 4 26749 3 3 Incapacitating Injury (A) 5 26750 4 4 Fatal Injury (K) 6 26751 5 5 Injured, Severity Unknown 7 26752 6 6 Died Prior to Crash* 0 26777 7 8 Not Reported 8 26753 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P8. Please see page 537 for remarks. 2010 623 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 624 2010 NM9 PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING GES: A30/A31/A32 FARS:NM9 Screen Heading: Marked Crosswalk Present / Sidewalk Format: Elements Present / School Zone Completed in MDE Screen Name: Long Name: Was a marked crosswalk present at the crash site? / Was a sidewalk present at the crash site? / Did the crash occur in a school zone? SAS Name: Accident.Cwk_Pre / Accident.Swk_Pre / Accident.Sch_Zon Oracle Name: GES.Nonmotorist.Crosswalkpresent / GES.Nonmotorist.Sidewalkpresent / GES.Nonmotorist.Schoolzone Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Type describes the pre-crash actions of the involved parties to better define the sequence of events and precipitating actions leading to crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists. During the 1970s, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration developed methodologies for typing pedestrian and bicycle crashes. In the 1990s, the methodologies were applied to more than 8,000 pedestrian and bicycle crashes in six States. The results provided a representative summary of the distribution of crash types experienced by pedestrians and bicyclists and, over time, this method has evolved and was refined. Ped/Bike typing is offered as a tool to help overcome hindrances to the development of effective countermeasures to prevent bicyclist and pedestrian crashes In FARS and GES, Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Typing is accomplished through a software application so that by simply following on-screen prompts and clicking on choices, the analyst/coder successfully enters data into the file without actually doing any coding. Since data input is software driven, elements, attributes and remarks are not presented here in the printed manual. The data entry system automatically presents the application at the appropriate time when a non-motorist with an appropriate person type is entered. 2010 625 The Pedestrian/Bike Typing application is presented for the following person types: • Pedestrian, • Persons on Personal Conveyances, • Bicyclist, • Other Cyclist. Additional detail on PED/BIKE TYPING is available in the electronic version of the 2010 FARS/GES Coding and Validation Manual. 626 2010 NM10 NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH GES: P13 FARS: NM10 Screen Heading: Non-motorist Data Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Location (950-E) Long Name: What is the person’s location at the time of the impact? SAS Name: Person.Locatn Oracle Name: GES.NonMotorist.LocusID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 21 21 01 Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk 2 22 22 02 Intersection-Unmarked Crosswalk 3 23 23 03 Intersection-Not In Crosswalk 4 24 24 09 Intersection-Unknown Location 5 25 25 10 Non-Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk 6 26 26 11 Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked Crosswalk 7 27 27 13 Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown 15 35 35 14 Parking Lane/Zone 8 28 28 16 Bicycle Lane 9 29 29 20 Shoulder/Roadside 10 30 30 21 Sidewalk 11 31 31 22 Median/Crossing Island 12 32 32 23 Driveway Access 13 33 33 24 Shared-Use Path/Trail 14 34 34 25 Non-Trafficway Area 98 38 38 28 Other 97 37 37 98 Not Reported 99 39 39 99 Unknown Location Remarks: The location of the non-motorist with respect to the roadway at the time of the crash. 2010 627 NM10 Crosswalk is (1) that part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs or, in the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway, and in the absence of a sidewalk on one side of the highway, that part of the highway included within the extension of the lateral line of the existing sidewalk to the side of the highway without the sidewalk, with such extension forming a right angle to the centerline of the highway; or (2) Any portion of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface of the roadway placed in accordance with the provisions in the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Intersection is an area that (1) contains a crossing or connection of two or more roadways not classified as driveway access (2) is embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways Intersection - In Marked Crosswalk is that portion of a roadway at an intersection that is distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface of the roadway. This does not include crosswalks located in mid-blocks. Intersection - In Unmarked Crosswalk is that portion of the roadway at an intersection outside of the lateral lines that connect the curbs. Intersection - Not In Crosswalk refers to a person in a travel lane that is not using an available crosswalk or there is not a crosswalk at this location. Intersection - Unknown Location is used when a person is known to be at an intersection, but the case materials do not give sufficient details to establish the location. Non-Intersection – In Marked Crosswalk is used when a person is in the portion of the roadway, not at an intersection, that is distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface of the roadway. Non-Intersection - On Roadway, Not in Crosswalk refers to a person in a travel lane that is not using an available crosswalk or there is not a crosswalk at this location. . Non-Intersection - On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown is used when it cannot be determined if a crosswalk was available. Parking Lane/Zone refers to a person in an area on the roadway, or next to the roadway, on which parking is permitted in marked or unmarked spaces. This includes curbside and edge of roadway parking (for example, legal residential parking, city-street parking, etc.). Sometimes a strip of roadway can be designated for parking at certain hours of the day (parking lane) and for regular travel at other hours (travel lane). This code should NOT be used during hours when parking is NOT permitted (see Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Crosswalk). 628 2010 NM10 Bicycle Lane is any road, path or way that is specifically designated as being open to bicycle travel regardless of whether such facilities are designated for the exclusive use of bicycles (Dedicated Bike Lane). Shoulder/Roadside - Shoulder is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for emergency use, for accommodation of stopped motor vehicles, and lateral support of the roadway structure. Roadside is the outermost part of the trafficway from the property line or other boundary in to the edge of the first road. Sidewalk is any improved surface primarily constructed for use by pedestrians. Median/Crossing Island - Median is an area of trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in opposite directions. A median should be four or more feet wide. Crossing Island is a cement or grassy area in the middle of a trafficway. Driveway Access is a portion of the trafficway at the end of a driveway providing access to property adjacent to a trafficway. Shared-Use Path/Trail is a bikeway physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and either within the highway right-of-way or an independent right-of- way. Shared-Use Paths will also be used by pedestrians, skaters, wheelchairs, joggers and other non-motorized users. Non-Trafficway Area is not physically located on any land way open to the public as a matter of right or custom for moving persons or property from one place to another. For Example: a person in a parking lot, a yard, or in a house. Other is used when the location stated in the case materials does not reflect the listed attributes for this data element. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown Location is used when the case materials state that the location of the non-motorist was unknown at the time of the crash. 2010 629 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 630 2010 NM11 NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES PRIOR TO CRASH GES: P25 FARS:NM11 Screen Heading: Non Motorist Action/Circumstances Prior to Format: 2 numeric. Select Crash all the apply. Screen Name: Non Motorist Action/Circumstances Prior to Crash Long Name: What were the the actions/circumstances of the non-motorist immediately prior to the critical precrash event? SAS Name: Nmac.nmprior Oracle Name: GES.Nmactionprior.Actionid ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 1 1 01 Going To or From School (K-12) 2 2 2 02 Waiting to Cross Roadway 3 3 3 03 Crossing Roadway 4 4 4 04 Jogging/Running 5 5 5 05 Movement Along Roadway with Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane) 6 6 6 06 Movement Along Roadway Against Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane) 7 7 7 07 Movement on Sidewalk 8 8 8 08 In Roadway – Other (Working, Playing, etc.) 9 9 9 09 Adjacent to Roadway (e.g., Shoulder, Median) 10 10 10 10 Working in Trafficway (Incident Response) 11 11 11 11 Entering/Exiting a Vehicle 12 12 12 12 Disabled Vehicle Related (Working on, Pushing, Leaving/Approaching) 14 14 14 14 Other 0 0 0 15 None 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: Select all that apply. 2010 631 NM11 The action of the non-motorist immediately prior to their involvement in the crash and an indication of whether the non-motorist was walking/cycling to/from school. Going To or From School (K-12) includes person age 5-18 or an adult supervising persons age 5 - 18 going to or from a school for any reason. Examples are going to a school dance, sports practice or extracurricular activities. Waiting to Cross Roadway is used when the non-motorist is near the curb or the roadway edge waiting to cross a roadway anywhere along the roadway. Crossing Roadway is used when the non-motorist was moving across the travel lanes with the goal of crossing the roadway. Jogging/Running is used when the pedestrian was running or jogging. Movement Along Roadway with Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane) is used when the non-motorist was not on a sidewalk and was moving in the same direction of traffic, either in the travel lane or adjacent to it. Movement Along Roadway Against Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane) is used when the non-motorist was not on a sidewalk and was moving in the opposite direction of traffic (facing oncoming vehicles), either in the travel lane or adjacent to it. Movement on Sidewalk is used when the non-motorist was moving (not standing) on the sidewalk. In Roadway - Other (Working, Playing, Etc.) is used when the non-motorist was in the roadway but not crossing it. Examples include conducting maintenance, playing in the roadway, or lying in the roadway. Adjacent to Roadway (e.g., Shoulder, Median) is used when the non-motorist was in an area immediately adjacent to the roadway, such as a median or a shoulder, but not a sidewalk. Working in Trafficway (Incident Response) is used when the non-motorist was in the roadway as part of an official response to an incident, such as a firefighter moving between an emergency vehicle and a crash involved vehicle. Entering/Exiting a Vehicle is used when a pedestrian was in the act of entering or had just exited a motor vehicle. Disabled Vehicle Related (Working on, Pushing, Leaving/Approaching) is used when the pedestrian was outside of a disabled vehicle for any of a number of reasons, including working on it, pushing it, leaving it, or approaching it. Other is used when the actions or circumstances stated in the case materials do not reflect the listed attributes for this data element. 632 2010 NM11 None is used when the case materials specifically states that the non-motorist did not have any actions or circumstances prior to the crash. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the case materials state that the action or circumstances of the non- motorist prior to the crash was unknown. 2010 633 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 634 2010 NM12 NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES AT TIME OF CRASH GES: P26 FARS:NM12 Screen Heading: Non Motorist Action/Circumstances at time of Format: 2 numeric. Select Crash all the apply. Screen Name: Non Motorist Action/Circumstances at time of Crash Long Name: What were the the actions/circumstances of the non-motorist that may have contributed to the crash? SAS Name: GES.Nonmotoristaction.timeofcrash Oracle Name: GES.Nonmotoristaction.timeofcrash ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 0 0 0 00 No Improper Action 1 1 1 01 Dart/Dash 2 2 2 02 Failure to Yield Right-Of-Way 3 3 3 03 Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals or Officer 4 4 4 04 In Roadway Improperly (Standing, Lying, Working, Playing) 5 5 5 05 Entering/Exiting Parked/Standing Vehicle 6 6 6 06 Inattentive (Talking, Eating, etc.) 7 7 7 07 Improper Turn/Merge 8 8 8 08 Improper Passing 9 9 9 09 Wrong-Way Riding or Walking 10 10 10 10 Driving on Wrong Side of Road 12 12 12 12 Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection (Jaywalking) 13 13 13 13 Failing to Have Lights on When Required 14 14 14 14 Operating Without Required Equipment 15 15 15 15 Improper or Erratic Lane Changing 16 16 16 16 Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running Off Road 17 17 17 17 Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway 18 18 18 18 Operating the Vehicle in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner 2010 635 NM12 19 Not Visible (Dark Clothing, No Lighting, etc.) 20 20 20 20 Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle 98 98 98 21 Other 97 97 97 98 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown Remarks: The actions/circumstances of the non-motorist that may have contributed to the crash. This data element is based on the judgment of the law enforcement officer investigating the crash. No Improper Action is used when the investigating officer states that no improper action was taken by the non-motorist. Dart/Dash is used when a non-motorist either ran, rode, etc., into the roadway in front of a motorist whose view of the non-motorist was not obstructed or the non-motorist walked, ran, rode, etc., into the road and was struck by a motorist whose view of the pedestrian was blocked until an instant before impact. For example: 1. A pedestrian runs into the roadway in front a motorist whose view of the pedestrian was blocked until an instant before impact. 2. A bicyclist enters the roadway in front of a motorist whose view of the bicyclist was not obstructed. Not Visible (Dark Clothing, No Lighting, etc.) is used when the non-motorist was not visible to the motorist because of blocked views, insufficient lighting or other reasons. Other is used when the case materials state that an action(s)/circumstances(s) by the non- motorist may have contributed to the crash, but are not listed in these attributes. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown is used when the case materials state that the action(s)/circumstance(s) of the non- motorist was unknown at the time of the crash. 636 2010 NM13 NON-MOTORIST SAFETY EQUIPMENT GES: P20 FARS:NM13 Screen Heading: Non-Motorist Safety Equipment Format: numeric. Select all the apply. Screen Name: Non-Motorist Safety Equipment (990-E) Long Name: What safety equipment did this non-motorist use? SAS Name: Person.Saf_Eqmt Oracle Name: GES.NonMotoristSafety.SafetyID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26759 0 0 Not Applicable* 2 19430 1 1 None Used 3 26760 2 2 Helmet 4 26765 4 4 Protective Pads Used (elbows, knees, shins, etc.) 4 26761 3 3 Reflective Equipment/Clothing (jacket, backpack, etc.) 6 26766 6 5 Lighting 5 26763 8 7 Other Safety Equipment 7 26767 7 8 Not Reported 6 26764 9 9 Unknown if Used Remarks: Select all that apply. Not Applicable is used for vehicle occupants, to include unknown person type. None Used is used when the case materials specifically states that the non-motorist was not wearing or carrying any type of safety equipment. Helmet is used when the case materials indicate that the non-motorist was wearing a safety helmet. The non-motorist does not have to be riding a bicycle at the time of the crash to use this attribute. Protective Pads Used is used when the case materials indicate the non-motorist was wearing padded, shaped attachments to protect specific areas of the body (elbows, knees, shins, etc.) from injury. 2010 637 NM13 Reflective Equipment/Clothing is used when the case materials indicate that the non- motorist was wearing or carrying some type of reflective equipment. The emphasis is on the reflective property of the equipment and does not include devices which give off light under their own power (e.g. flashlights). The equipment can be reflective tape affixed to regular clothing, special reflective clothing, a reflective device that is worn or a reflective device that is carried. It can be made by the non-motorist and does not have to be specially designed as a safety device. Lighting is used when a non-motorist uses a light on his/her person or on a pedalcycle or personal conveyance for safety purposes, to include flashlights. Other Safety Equipment is used when the case materials indicate that the non-motorist was using safety equipment but it does not fit into the listed attributes. Any clothing that is non- reflective but considered to be safety equipment (hi-glo orange clothing) should be coded using this attribute. Not Reported If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”. Code Not Reported in these situations: • No coded data block exists on the report, and/or • A coded data block exists and it is left blank, and/or • No other information is available (e.g., narrative, diagram or case materials). Unknown If Used if the investigating officer indicates that it is unknown if safety equipment was used. GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION: *Not Applicable is used when Person Type (GES-P03) = 1, 2, 3 or 9. 638 2010 D23/NM14 CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH GES: P18 FARS:D23/NM14 Screen Heading: Physical Impairments Format: 2 numeric. Select all the apply. Screen Name: Condition (970-E) Long Name: Did the police identify any contributory conditions for this person? SAS Name: P18-Person.Impairmt, M_P18-Impair.MImpair Oracle Name: GES.Impairment.ImpairID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26791 0 00 None/Apparently Normal 2 26792 1 01 Ill, Blackout 3 26793 2 02 Asleep or Fatigued 4 26794 3 03 Walking with a Cane or Crutches 5 26795 4 04 Paraplegic Or Restricted To Wheelchair 6 26796 5 05 Impaired Due To Previous Injury 7 26797 6 06 Deaf 8 26798 7 07 Blind 9 26802 8 08 Emotional (depressed, angry, disturbed, etc) 10 26803 9 09 Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication 9 26799 97 10 Physical Impairment – No Details 98 26800 98 96 Other Physical Impairment 97 26827 97 98 Not Reported 99 26801 99 99 Unknown If Physically Impaired Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Driver Level element D23. Please see page 389 for remarks. 2010 639 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 640 2010 P16/NM15 POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT GES: P11 FARS:P16/NM15 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Alcohol (830-E)/Alcohol (940-E) Long Name: Did the police report alcohol presence or involvement for this person? SAS Name: Person.Per_Alch Oracle Name: GES.Person.Police_AlcoholID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26730 0 0 No (Alcohol Not Involved) 2 26731 1 1 Yes (Alcohol Involved) 3 26732 8 8 Not Reported 4 26733 9 9 Unknown (Police Reported) Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P16. Please see page 559 for remarks. 2010 641 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 642 2010 P17/NM16 METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE GES: XXX FARS:P17/NM16 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Evidential Test (breath, blood, urine) X X X 2 Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) X X X 3 Behavioral X X X 4 Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS) X X X 5 Observed X X X 8 Other (e.g., Saliva test) X X X 9 Not Reported Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P17. Please see page 563 for remarks. 2010 643 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 644 2010 P18/NM17 ALCOHOL TEST GES: P11 A/B/C FARS:P18/NM17 Screen Heading: Occupant Characterists/Non-Motorist Data Format: 3 sets, 1 set, 1 numeric, 2 sets, 2 numeric Screen Name: Alcohol Test Status (832-E)/ Alcohol Test Status (942-E) Alcohol Test Type (834-E) Alcohol Test Result (836- E) Long Name: Did the police report indicate an alcohol test was given to this person? Did the police report indicate the type of test given to this person? What is the BAC for this person? SAS Name: Person.AlchTest/Person.Altstype/Person.Altrsult Oracle Name: GES.Person.AlcTestGiven / GES.Person.AlcTestType / GES.Person.AlcTestResult ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Subfield 1 – Test Status 1 10 0 0 Test Not Given 2 11 1 1 Test Refused 3 12 2 2 Test Given 7 97 7 8 Not Reported 4 19 9 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 2 – Test Type 1 0 00 00 Test Not Given 2 1 01 01 Blood 3 2 02 02 Breathalyzer “BAC” 6 10 10 10 Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) 4 3 03 03 Urine X X XX 04 Vitreous X X XX 05 Blood Plasma/Serum X X XX 06 Blood Clot X X XX 07 Liver 5 8 08 08 Other Test Type 7 98 98 98 Unknown Test Type 9 97 97 95 Not Reported 8 99 99 99 Unknown if Tested 2010 645 P18/NM17 Subfield 3 – Test Result 00-93 00-93 00-93 00-93 Actual Value 94 94 94 94 .94 or Greater 96 96 96 96 Test Not Given 97 97 97 97 AC Test Performed, Results Unknown 98 98 98 98 Positive Reading With No Actual Value 95 95 95 95 Not Reported 99 99 99 99 Unknown if Tested Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P18. Please see page 567 for remarks. 646 2010 P19/NM18 POLICE REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT GES: P17 FARS:P19/NM18 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Drugs (835-E)/Drugs (945-E) Long Name: Did the police report drug presence or involvement for this person? SAS Name: Person.Per_Drug Oracle Name: GES.Person.Police_DrugID ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 26730 0 0 No (drugs not involved) 2 26731 1 1 Yes (drugs involved) 3 26732 8 8 Not Reported 4 26733 9 9 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P19. Please see page 573 for remarks. 2010 647 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 648 2010 P20/NM19 METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE GES: XXX FARS:P20/NM19 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 1 Evidential Test (Blood, Urine) X X X 2 Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) determination X X X 3 Behavioral X X X 7 Other X X X 8 Not Reported Remarks: None. 2010 649 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 650 2010 P21/NM20 DRUG TEST GES: P17A/B/C FARS:P21/NM20 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics/Non-Motorist Data Format: 3 sets: 2 sets, 1 numeric; 1 set, 3 numeric Screen Name: Drug Test Given (837-E)/ Drug Test Given (947-E) Drug Test Type (839-E) Drug Test Result (840-E) Long Name: Did the police report indicate a drug test was given to this driver person? / Did the police report indicate the type of test given to this person? / Did the police report indicate the result of the drug test? SAS Name: Person.DrugTest / Person.Drtstype / Person.Drtsrest Oracle Name: GES.Person.DrugTestGiven / GES.Person.DrugTestType / GES.Person.DrugTestResult ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Subfield 1 – Test Status 1 10 0 0 Test Not Given 2 11 1 1 Test Refused 3 12 2 2 Test Given 7 97 7 8 Not Reported 4 19 9 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 2 – Test Type 1 0 00 0 Test Not Given 2 1 01 1 Blood 3 2 02 2 Urine 4 3 03 3 Both: Blood and Urine Tests 6 98 98 7 Unknown Test Type 5 8 08 8 Other Test Type 8 97 97 6 Not Reported 7 99 99 9 Unknown if Tested Subfield 3 – Test Result 1 0 0 000 Test Not Given X X X 001 No Drugs Reported/Negative X X X 100- Narcotic* 295 2010 651 P21/NM20 X X X 300- Depressant* 395 X X X 400- Stimulant* 495 X X X 500- Hallucinogen* 595 X X X 600- Cannabinoid* 695 X X X 700- Phencyclidine (PCP)* 795 X X X 800- Anabolic Steroid* 895 X X X 900- Inhalant* 995 X X X 996 Other Drug X X X 997 Test for Drug, Results Unknown X X X 998 Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive 6 5 5 095 Not Reported 5 9 9 999 Unknown If Tested *See Specific Drug Listings Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P21. Please see page 579 for remarks. 652 2010 P22/NM21 TRANSPORTED TO MEDICAL FACILITY BY GES: P10 FARS:P22/NM21 Screen Heading: Occupant Characteristics Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Transported (820-E) Long Name: What is the mode of transportation used to transport this person to a hospital or other treatment facility? SAS Name: Person.Hospital Oracle Name: GES.Person.Treatment ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS 1 4 4 0 Not Transported 3 6 6 1 EMS Air 2 5 5 5 EMS Ground 4 7 7 3 EMS Unknown Mode 5 8 8 2 Law Enforcement 6 9 9 4 Transported Unknown Source 98 98 98 6 Other 97 97 97 8 Not Reported 99 99 99 9 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P22. Please see page 595 for remarks. 2010 653 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 654 2010 P23/NM22 DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE GES: XXX FARS:P23/NM22 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 Not Applicable X X X 7 Died at Scene X X X 8 Died En Route X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P23. Please see page 597 for remarks. 2010 655 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 656 2010 P24/NM23 DEATH DATE GES: XXX FARS:P24/NM23 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 sets of 2 numeric, 1 set of 4 Screen Name: numeric Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Month: X X X 88 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 01-12 X X X 99 Unknown Day: X X X 88 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 01-31 X X X 99 Unknown Year: X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X Actual Year of Death X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P24. Please see page 599 for remarks. 2010 657 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 658 2010 P25/NM24 DEATH TIME GES: XXX FARS:P25/NM24 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 4 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 8888 Not Applicable (Non-fatal) X X X 0000- Valid Military Time 2359 X X X 0099- Known Hour but Unknown Minutes 2399 X X X 9999 Unknown Remarks: This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element P25. Please see page 601 for remarks. 2010 659 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 660 2010 NM25 RELATED FACTORS – PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL GES: XXX FARS:NM25 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric occurring 3 times Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 00 None X X X 08 Mentally Challenged X X X 09 Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker X X X 13 Motorized Wheelchair Rider X X X 18 Mother of Dead Fetus X X X 21 Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo X X X 26 Following Improperly X X X 37 *Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways X X X 40 Passing Through or Around Barrier X X X 41 *Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them X X X 42 Failure to Signal Intentions X X X 51 Operator Inexperience X X X 52 Unfamiliar with Roadway X X X 56 Non-Driver Flees Scene X X X 57 Improper Tire Pressure X X X 60 Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust X X X 61 Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights X X X 62 Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (including traffic signs, embankment) X X X 63 Building, Billboard, Other Structures X X X 64 Trees, Crops, Vegetation X X X 65 Motor Vehicle (including load) X X X 66 Parked Vehicle X X X 67 Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle 2010 661 NM25 X X X 68 Inadequate Lighting System X X X 69 Obstructing Angles on Vehicle X X X 70 Mirrors X X X 72 Other Visual Obstruction X X X 73 Severe Crosswind X X X 74 Wind From Passing Truck X X X 75 Slippery or Loose Surface X X X 76 Tire Blowout or Flat X X X 77 Debris or Objects in Road X X X 78 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road X X X 80 Vehicle in Road X X X 81 Phantom Vehicle X X X 82 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Persons on Personal Conveyances. X X X 83 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road X X X 86 Emergency Services Personnel X X X 87 Police or Law Enforcement Officer X X X 90 Non-Motorist Pushing a Vehicle X X X 91 Portable Electronic Devices X X X 99 Unknown Element Values: Related Factors Examples/Notes Blanks 00 None 08 Mentally Challenged Mental illness/retardation may be included. 09 Construction/Maintenance/Utility Highway department, contractor, utility company Worker personnel, etc. 13 Motorized Wheelchair Rider Pedestrian riding in a motorized wheelchair. 18 Mother of Dead Fetus Fetus dies in or as a result of this crash. 21 Overloading or Improper Loading Overloading bicycle, passenger or handlebars. of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo 662 2010 NM25 Related Factors Examples/Notes 26 Following Improperly Bicyclist following too closely or attempting to grab on to vehicle. Also applies to skateboard riders, roller bladders, etc. 37 *Traveling on Prohibited Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport on areas Trafficways prohibited by law, such as interstates. Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport on prohibited trafficways, e.g., bicyclist on interstate. 40 Passing Through or Around Barrier Denotes “demarcated” area. 41 *Failure to Observe Warnings or Failure to follow construction instructions (i.e., Instructions on Vehicles Displaying arrows directing traffic mounted on vehicle), Them instructions on emergency vehicles (ambulances, fire trucks, police cars). Failure to observe right-turn warning on trucks, buses. Failure to heed hazard lights on disabled vehicle, school bus arm. 42 Failure to Signal Intentions Failure to signal by either lamp turn signal or hand. 51 Operator Inexperience Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport unfamiliar with transport device. 52 Unfamiliar with Roadway Persons not in motor vehicles in-transport unfamiliar with roadway, based on the judgment of the police officer. 56 Non-Driver Flees Scene Flags the non-driver who left the scene of a Hit- and-Run crash. Examples: passenger of motor vehicle in- transport fled scene on foot. Occupant of an involved parked vehicle leaves by driving their vehicle from the scene. A bicyclist clipped by a vehicle that runs off the road and overturns, leaves the scene on their bike. An involved motor vehicle in-transport is driven away by a passenger in that vehicle. 2010 663 NM25 Related Factors Examples/Notes 57 Improper Tire Pressure Signifies that improper tire pressure is not a defect, but rather the irresponsibility of the persons not in motor vehicles in-transport. Vision Obscured by: 60 Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust 61 Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights 62 Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (including traffic signs, embankment) 63 Building, Billboard, Other Structures 64 Trees, Crops, Vegetation 65 Motor Vehicle (including load) Vision Obscured by: • Car stopped on roadway. • Tractor-trailer moving on road. • School bus stopped, loading or unloading children. 66 Parked Vehicle Vision obscured by: Vehicle stopped on shoulder, in parking lane. 67 Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle 68 Inadequate Lighting System 69 Obstructing Angles on Vehicle Vision Obscured by: • Obstructing angles on this person’s vehicle. Not to be confused with visual obstructions from other vehicles. (See Motor Vehicle (including load) and Parked Vehicle.) 664 2010 NM25 Related Factors Examples/Notes 70 Mirrors Vision Obscured by: • Rear view • Side mirrors • Others 72 Other Visual Obstruction Trailer (only) left parked. Skidding Swerving, Sliding Due To: 73 Severe Crosswind 74 Wind From Passing Truck 75 Slippery or Loose Surface Refers to actual condition of roadway surface, e.g., loose gravel roadway. Slippery or old worn blacktop. Newly paved surface. 76 Tire Blowout or Flat 77 Debris or Objects in Road Nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, trash, dead animals, pile of sand, etc. 78 Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road 80 Vehicle in Road Includes both contact and non-contact vehicles that remain at the scene. 81 Phantom Vehicle Non-contact vehicle that leaves the scene as described by the police officer. 82 Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Persons on Personal Conveyances. 83 Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, This is for the substances on roadway that causes Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road roadway to be slick, which may interfere with traction. These are not part of the roadway design (see Slippery or Loose Surface). 2010 665 NM25 Related Factors Examples/Notes Other Non-Motorist Factors: 86 Emergency Services Personnel Includes fire, EMS, wrecker service personnel. 87 Police or Law Enforcement Officer Federal, State or local law enforcement officer working at the time of the crash. Includes: Military and Park Police, Border Patrol and all other sworn law enforcement officers. 90 Non-Motorist Pushing a Vehicle . 91 Portable Electronic Devices Cell phone, MP3 Player, PDA, etc. 99 Unknown Remarks: Code information provided in the narrative by the investigating officer. Use of None Use when no factors are noted; zero-fill all fields. None implies that the investigating officer indicated “no factors.” Also, use None to complete remaining fields when you will be recording less than three related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Use of Unknown Use when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank. The following lists those related factors that may be used for each person type (NM7): Person Valid Related Factors Type 04 00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51-52, 56-57, 60-70, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91, 99 05 00, 08-09, 18, 37, 41, 56, 60-67, 72, 86-87, 90-91, 99 06 00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51-52, 56-57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91, 99 07 00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51,52, 56-57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91, 99 08 00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-41, 51-52, 56-57, 60-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91, 99 10 00, 08, 13, 18, 86-87, 99 19 00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51-52, 56-57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 86-87, 90-91, 99 666 2010 SUPPLEMENTAL THESE ELEMENTS DO NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS They are presented on-screen by the M.D.E. System. PERSON LEVEL ELEMENTS Including Coding Instructions SP1 – Death Certificate Number SP2 – Fatal Injury At Work SP3 – Race/Hispanic Origin 2010 667 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 668 2010 SP1 DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER GES: XXX FARS:SP1 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: Element Completed in MDE Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0s Not Applicable (not a fatality) X X X Any Numeric Characters X X X 9s Unknown Remarks: Code the sequence number from the death certificate as assigned by your State Vital Statistics Department. The sequence number is six digits in length and is part of the State File Number. The format for coding the numbers is as follows: First four digits _ _ _ _ City (where death occurred) Next two digits _ _ State (where death occurred) Last six digits _ _ _ _ _ _ Sequence Number (as assigned by State Vital Statistics Department) If this person is not a fatality, zero-fill this element. Use GSA codes for the City and State where the death occurred according to the death certificate. These are the same GSA codes you use for the City variables in the Crash Level Form: 0000 Not a fatality or death not within city limits and no location code is available 0001-9996 GSA Geographical Location Codes 9997 Other (Death within city limits, but no GSA code available for this city) 9999 Unknown (City where death occurred cannot be found on death certificate). 2010 669 SP1 The State codes are the same those you use for variables C1, V1, D1, PC1, P1 and NM1: 00 Not a fatality 30 Montana 01 Alabama - 02 Alaska - - - - - - - - - - - 29 Missouri 56 Wyoming If the fatal crash occurred in your State, but the death occurred in a hospital of another State, please attempt to obtain the death certificate from that State and code the City and State where the death occurred. If a person dies at the crash scene, code the appropriate city code or location code for the crash location. Code “0000” if the location is not within a city, and no geographical location code is available. If the location is not within a city, but a geographical location code is available, use the location code. If a person is transported by EMS and dies en-route or at the hospital, use the city code for the hospital’s location. Code the exact sequence number as indicated on the death certificate. If the sequence number is less than six-digits long (e.g., it is 12345 (five digits)) right-justify your coded number and zero-fill the first (and/or second digit) (e.g., _0_ _1_ _2_ _3_ _4_ _5_). Note that if you receive a copy of the death certificate from the Medical Examiner or Coroner, it may not contain the sequence number. The sequence number needed is the one assigned by your State Vital Statistics or Vital Records Department, which is subsequently sent to the National Center for Health Statistics. In those instances, leave the sequence number blank until you are able to obtain it in a follow-up effort with your Vital Statistics Department. If the sequence number contains a letter in it (e.g., N12345), simply ignore the letter and code the numbers only (right-justified), (e.g., _0_ _1_ _2_ _3_ _4_ _5_). If the death certificate number cannot be obtained, “9-fill” this element. If the death certificate number can be obtained, but is not yet received, leave this element blank until the number is available. 670 2010 SP2 FATAL INJURY AT WORK GES: XXX FARS: SP2 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 1 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS X X X 0 No X X X 1 Yes X X X 8 Not Applicable (not a fatality) X X X 9 Unknown Remarks: THIS ELEMENT DOES NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS. It is presented on-screen by the M.D.E. System. THE DEATH CERTIFICATE ALSO INDICATES WHETHER THE VICTIM WAS ON-THE-JOB AT THE TIME OF FATAL INJURY. Use No if the injury was not at work. Use Yes if the injury was on the job. Use Not Applicable (not a fatality) if the victim was not a fatality use. Use Unknown if the death certificate does not indicate whether the injury was at work or if you do not have access to death certificate information FATAL INJURY AT WORK SHOULD ONLY BE DETERMINED FROM THE DEATH CERTIFICATE, NOT FROM ANY OTHER SOURCE. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO HAVE A COPY OF THE DEATH CERTIFICATE. 2010 671 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 672 2010 SP3 RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN GES: XXX FARS: SP3 Screen Heading: Not a GES Element Format: 2 numeric Screen Name: Long Name: SAS Name: Oracle Name: ELEMENT VALUES SAS SCN ORACLE GES FARS Detail Race: X X X 00 Not a Fatality (not applicable) X X X 01 White X X X 02 Black X X X 03 American Indian (includes Aleuts and Eskimos) X X X 04 Chinese X X X 05 Japanese X X X 06 Hawaiian (includes part-Hawaiian) X X X 07 Filipino X X X 18 Asian Indian X X X 19 Other Indian (includes South and Central America, any others, except American or Asian Indians) X X X 28 Korean X X X 38 Samoan X X X 48 Vietnamese X X X 58 Guamanian X X X 68 Other Asian or Pacific Islander X X X 78 Asian or Pacific Islander, No Specific (individual) Race X X X 97 Multiple Races (Individual races not specified; ex. “mixed” ) X X X 98 All Other Races X X X 99 Unknown Hispanic Origin: X X X 00 Not a Fatality (not applicable) X X X 01 Mexican X X X 02 Puerto Rican X X X 03 Cuban X X X 04 Central or South American 2010 673 SP3 X X X 05 European Spanish X X X 06 Hispanic, Origin not Specified or Other Origin X X X 07 Non-Hispanic X X X 99 Unknown Remarks: Race and Hispanic Origin should be obtained from the death certificate only. THIS ELEMENT DOES NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS: It is presented on-screen by the M.D.E. System. Both RACE and HISPANIC ORIGIN are coded for fatal victims only (INJURY SEVERITY on this person must be Fatal Injury). If INJURY SEVERITY is coded other than Fatal Injury on the Person Level, the M.D.E. System will automatically enter “00’s” in both the RACE and HISPANIC ORIGIN fields. In general, the actual race will be written literally (i.e., white, black, Chinese, etc.) on the death certificate. Hispanic Origin comes directly from a check box. Within that box, if Hispanic Origin is “yes” a specific location (i.e., Cuba, Puerto Rico or Mexico) is indicated. For translating the entries on the death certificate, refer to the table, “Detail Race and Hispanic Origin for FARS.” This table is based on the guidelines provided by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). The only exception is Hawaiian. Any race with Hawaiian is coded Hawaiian (See Hawaiian). DETAIL RACE White should be coded for persons listed as White, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban and Caucasian for race. Hawaiian should be coded for any person listed as Hawaiian, even if another race is listed as well. Other Indian includes South and Central America and any other Indians, except American or Asian Indians. Other Asian or Pacific Islander is used when an “Other Asian” or “Pacific Island” race is specified, and it is other than Chinese, Japanese, Hawaiian, Filipino, Asia Indian, Korean, Samoan, Vietnamese, or Guamanian. Asian or Pacific Islander, No Specific (individual) Race is used when the death certificate or report lists “Asian” for race. Multiple Races is used when the death certificate indicates more than one race without specifying the individual races (e.g., “mixed,” “multiple races,” “multi-racial,” etc.) 674 2010 SP3 All Other Races is used if an individual race listed on the death certificate or report is not found on the translation table If more than one race is listed on the death certificate or report, code the race entry listed first. An example is “American Indian/White,” which should be coded American Indian. Again, Hawaiian is the exception. (See Hawaiian.) HISPANIC ORIGIN Hispanic Origin Not Specified, or Other Origin. This includes when you know they are Hispanic, but the specific origin is not specified (e.g., Hispanic, Latino, Latin American, South American). Unknown. This person could be Hispanic, or not. You don’t have enough information to determine whether or not they are Hispanic. (E.g., all you know is that Race is “White,” “Black,” “European,” or “Indian,” and no other information is provided.) If you receive a listing from the Vital Statistics Department, be sure you request a translation table for the code structure. For FARS, we tried to match the coding structure to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) coding structure for these elements; however, it was necessary to modify NCHS’s structure slightly in order to be consistent with other FARS codes. (Reference: National Center for Health Statistics. Documentation for the Mortality Public Use Data Set, 1999. Available at URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/Mort99doc.pdf). 2010 675 DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 676 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Aryan 1 -- 01 99 Asian Asian 9 22 78 07 Asian Indian Asian Indian 9 21 18 07 Asiatic 9 -- 78 07 Assyrian Assyrian 1 22 01 07 Athapaskan 3 -- 03 07 Australasia & Australian Australian Australia 1 20 01 07 Pacific Austrian Austrian Austria Europe 1 16 01 07 Azerbiajan Europe -- -- 01 07 Azores Azorean Azores Europe 1 19 01 07 Bahamian Bahamian Bahamas 6 99 98 07 Bahrain Bahrain Middle East -- 22 01 07 Baleanc Islands -- 05 01 05 Bangladeshi Bangladesh Bangladesh Asia 9 21 68 07 Barbados -- -- 02 07 Basque Basque 1 05 01 05 Bavarian Bavarian 1 16 01 07 Belgian Belgium Europe -- 16 01 07 Belizian Belizian Belize Central America 6 04 98 04 Belorussian, Byelorussian Belarus Europe -- 18 01 07 Bengali Bengali 6 21 98 07 Benin Benin Africa -- 24 99 07 Bermudan Bermuda -- 15 99 07 Bhutanese Bhutan Asia -- 21 68 07 Bilatian Bilatian Africa 2 24 02 07 Black Black 2 24 02 07 Blanc 1 -- 01 99 2010 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* 2010 Race Origin Bohemian Bohemian 1 18 01 07 Bolivian Bolivia (Boliviano) Bolivia South America 1 04 01 04 Boricua (Borinquano) -- 05 99 05 Bosnia-Herzegovna Europe -- -- 01 07 Botswana Botswana Africa -- 24 99 07 Brava (Bravo) 1 -- 01 99 Brazilian Brazilian Brazil South America 1 15 01 04 British -- 08 99 07 British Honduran (See Belize) 0 -- 98 04 Brown 2 -- 02 99 Brunei Asia -- -- 68 07 Bulgarian Bulgaria Europe -- 18 01 07 Burkina Faso Africa -- -- 99 07 Burma (Also Burmese Burmese Asia 9 20 68 07 Myanmar) Burundi Burundi Africa -- 24 99 07 Cajun Cajun 1 15 01 07 California -- 05 99 05 Cambodian Cambodian Cambodia Asia 9 20 68 07 Cameroon Cameroon Africa -- 24 99 07 Canadian Canadian Canada North America 1 15 01 07 Canadian Indian 3 -- 03 07 Canadian Mexican 3 -- 03 01 Canary Islands -- 05 99 05 Cantonese -- 20 78 07 Cape Verde Cape Verdean Cape Verde Africa 2 24 02 07 Carib 6 -- 98 99 Castillan -- 05 01 05 677 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 678 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Catalonia -- 05 01 05 Caucasian Caucasian 1 99 01 07 Cayman Islands -- -- 99 99 Celltic -- 08 01 07 Central African Central African Republic Africa -- 24 02 07 Republic Central European -- 99 99 99 Centroamericano -- 04 99 04 Ceylonese Ceylonese 9 21 68 07 Chad Chad Africa -- 24 99 07 Chamorro Chamorro 9 20 68 07 Chicano Chicano 1 01 01 01 Chicano/Mex/American 1 -- 01 01 Chile (Chilano) Chile South American -- 04 01 04 Chinese Chinese China Asia 4 20 04 07 Chinese/White 4 -- 04 99 Colombian Colombia (Colombiano) Colombia South America 1 04 01 04 Colored 2 -- 02 99 Comoros Africa -- -- 99 07 Congolese Congo (Republic of) Africa -- 24 99 07 Costa Rican Costa Rica (Constarricense) Costa Rica Central America 1 04 01 04 Creole Creole 1 16 01 99 Croatian Croatia Europe -- 19 01 07 Crucian 1 -- 01 99 Cuban Cuban Cuba 1 03 01 03 Cypriot Cyprus Europe -- 22 01 07 Czechoslovakian Czechoslovakian Czech Republic Europe 1 18 01 07 Dahomey Africa -- 24 02 07 2010 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic 2010 Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Danish Danish Denmark Europe 1 12 01 07 Djibouti Africa -- -- 99 07 Dominica -- -- 99 99 Dominican Dominican Republic Dominican Republic 2 04 02 04 Dutch Netherlands Europe -- 16 01 07 Dutch East Indian 9 -- 68 99 East Indian East Indian 9 20 68 07 Eastern European -- 18 99 07 Ebian 1 -- 01 99 Ecuadorian Ecuador (Ecuatoriano) Ecuador South America 1 04 01 04 Egyptian Egyptian Egypt North Africa 1 23 01 07 El Salvador El Salvador Central America -- 04 98 04 English English 1 08 01 07 England Europe -- -- 99 99 English-French Europe 1 -- 01 07 English-Irish Europe 1 -- 01 07 Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea Africa -- 24 99 07 Eritrean Eritrea Africa 2 -- 02 07 Eskimo, Eskimoan Eskimo, Eskimoan 3 07 03 07 Espana, (Espanol) -- 05 01 05 Estonian Estonia Europe -- 18 01 07 Ethiopia(n) Ethiopian Ethiopia Africa 2 24 02 07 Eurasian Eurasian 9 22 78 99 European European 1 99 01 99 Falkland Islands Falkland Islands South America -- 04 01 07 Fernando PO -- 05 99 05 Australasia & Fijan Fijan Fiji 9 20 68 07 679 Pacific * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 680 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Filipino Filipino Philippines Asia 8 20 07 07 Finnish Finnish Finland Europe 1 17 01 07 Flemish Europe -- 16 01 07 Franco American -- 11 99 07 French French France Europe 1 11 01 07 French Canadian French Canadian 1 15 01 07 French Guiana -- -- 99 99 French Indian (American) French Indian 3 07 03 07 French Indian (India) 9 -- 18 07 French Polynesia -- -- 68 07 Gabonese Gabon Africa -- 24 99 07 Galapagos Islands -- 04 01 04 Gambian Gambia Africa -- 24 99 07 Georgian Georgia Europe -- 18 01 07 German German Germany Europe 1 10 01 07 Ghanaian Ghanaian Ghana Africa 2 24 02 07 Gilbertese 9 -- 68 07 Great Russian -- 18 01 07 Greek Greek Greece Europe 1 19 01 07 Greenland Greenland -- 15 99 07 Grenada -- -- 02 07 Guadeloupe -- -- 99 99 Guamanian Guamanian Guam 9 20 58 07 Guatemalan Guatemala (Guatemalteco) Guatemala Central America 6 04 98 04 Guinean Guinea Africa -- 24 99 07 Guinea-Bissau Africa -- -- 99 07 2010 Guyanese Guyanaq Guyana South America 0 15 99 07 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* 2010 Race Origin Gypsy Gypsy 1 22 01 07 Haitian Haitian Haiti 2 15 02 07 Hamitic 2 -- 02 07 Hawaiian Hawaiian 7 20 06 07 Hawaiian/Part Hawaiian 7 -- 06 07 Hebrew Hebrew 1 22 01 07 Hindu Hindu 9 21 78 07 Hispanic Hispanio 1 05 01 06 Hmong Hmong 9 20 68 07 Honduran Honduras (Hondureno) Honduras Central America 6 04 98 04 Hong Kong Hong Kong Asia -- 20 78 07 Hungarian Hungarian Hungary Europe 1 18 01 07 Iberian (Ibero) -- 05 01 05 Icelandic Icelandic Iceland Europe 1 17 01 07 India 9 -- 18 07 Indian (From India) Indian (From India) India Asia 9 21 18 07 Indian (American) 3 -- 03 07 Indian (Argentina) 6 -- 98 04 Indian (AM,AK,CN,MX) 3 -- 03 99 Indo-Aryan 9 -- 78 07 Indonesian Indonesian Indonesia Asia 9 20 68 07 Iran(ian) Iranian Iran Middle East 1 22 01 07 Iraqi Iraqi Iraq Middle East 1 22 01 07 Irish Irish Ireland Europe 1 09 01 07 Islamic 1 -- 01 07 Israelite Israeli Israel Middle East 1 22 01 07 Italian Italian Italy Europe 1 14 01 07 681 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 682 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Ivory Coast/Cote Ivory Coast Africa -- 24 02 07 D’Ivoire Jackson (Jack) White 6 -- 98 99 Jamaican Jamaican Jamaica 2 15 02 07 Japanese Japanese Japan Asia 5 20 05 07 Java Javanese 9 20 68 07 Jew Jewish 1 99 01 99 Jordanian Jordanian Jordan Middle East 1 22 01 07 Kashmirian -- 21 99 07 Kazakhstan Asia -- -- 68 07 Kenyan Kenyan Kenya Africa 2 24 02 07 Kiribati -- -- 99 99 Korean Korean Korea-North Asia 9 20 28 07 Korean Korean Korea-South Asia 9 20 28 07 Kuwaitian Kuwaiti Kuwait Middle East 1 22 01 07 Kyrgyzstan Asia -- -- 68 07 Ladina 1 -- 01 99 La Raza -- 05 01 01 Laotian Laotian Laos Asia 9 20 68 07 Latin American American 1 05 01 06 Latino -- 05 01 06 Latvian Latvian Latvia Europe 1 18 01 07 Lebonese Lebonese Lebanon Middle East 1 22 01 07 Lesotho Lesotho Africa -- 24 99 07 Liberian Liberian Liberia Africa 2 24 02 07 Libyan Libyan Libya North Africa 1 23 01 07 Liechtenstein Europe -- -- 01 07 2010 Lithuanian Lithuanian Lithuania Europe 1 18 01 07 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic 2010 Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Luxembourg Europe -- -- 01 07 Macau -- -- 04 07 Macedonia Europe -- -- 01 07 Madagascan Madagascar Africa -- 24 99 07 Majorca -- 05 99 05 Malawian Malawi Malawi Africa 2 24 02 07 Malayan Malaysian Malaysia Asia 9 20 68 07 Maldives Asia -- -- 99 07 Mali Mali Africa -- 24 99 07 Mallorca (Mallorquin) -- 05 99 05 Maltese Maltese Malta Europe 1 19 01 07 Maori Maori 9 20 68 07 Australasia & Marshallese Marshall Islands 9 -- 68 07 Pacific Marshenese 1 -- 01 99 Martinique -- -- 02 07 Mauritian Mauritanian Mauritania Africa 1 24 01 07 Mauritius Mauritius Africa -- 24 99 07 Mediterranean 1 -- 01 99 Melanesian Melanesian 9 20 68 07 Mestizo 6 -- 03 04 Mestizo-Inca 6 -- 03 04 Mexican Mexican (Mexicano) Mexico North America 1 01 01 01 Mexican Indian 3 -- 03 01 Mexican American -- 01 99 01 Micronesian Micronesian 9 20 68 07 Mixed Mixed 6 99 98 99 683 Mohammed Ali 6 -- 98 07 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 684 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Mohammedan (Moslem) 1 -- 01 07 Moldova Europe -- -- 01 07 Monaco Europe -- -- 01 07 Mongolian Mongolian Mongolia Asia -- 20 68 07 Montenegro -- -- 01 07 Moor(ish) 6 -- 98 07 Morroccan Morroccan Morocco North Africa 1 23 01 07 Moslem -- 99 99 99 Mugandan 2 -- 02 99 Mullato 2 -- 02 99 Muslim Muslim 1 99 01 99 Mozambique Africa -- -- 02 07 Myanmar (also Asia -- -- 68 07 Burma) Namibia Africa -- -- 02 07 Nassau 2 -- 02 99 Native American -- 07 03 07 Australasia & Nauru -- -- 78 07 Pacific Negro Negro 2 24 02 07 Negro/Indian 2 -- 02 07 Nepalese Nepali Nepal Asia 9 21 68 07 Netherlands Europe -- -- 01 07 Netherlands Antilles -- -- 99 99 Australasia & New Caledonia -- -- 78 07 Pacific Australasia & New Zelander New Zealand -- 20 99 07 Pacific Newfoundland -- 15 01 07 2010 Nicaraguan Nicaragua (Nicaraguense) Nicaragua Central America 6 04 98 04 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic 2010 Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Niger Niger Africa -- 24 02 07 Nipponese (Nipon) Nipponese 5 20 05 07 Nigerian Nigerian Nigeria Africa 2 24 02 07 Nordic Nordic (Icelandic) 1 17 01 07 North American -- 15 99 99 Northern Ireland Europe -- -- 01 07 Norwegian Norwegian Norway Europe 1 12 01 07 Nubian 2 -- 02 07 Occidental 1 -- 01 99 Octaroon 2 -- 02 99 Okinawan Okinawan 5 20 05 07 Oman Middle East -- -- 01 07 Oriental -- 20 78 07 Pacific Islander -- 20 78 07 Pakistani Pakistani Pakistan Asia 9 21 18 07 Australasia & Palauan Palau 9 -- 68 Pacific Palestinian Palestinian 1 22 01 07 Panamanian Panama (Panameno) Panama Central America 6 04 98 04 Australasia & Papua New Guinea -- -- 99 07 Pacific Paraguay (Paraguayo) Paraguay South America -- 04 98 04 Parsi 1 -- 01 99 Pennsylvania Dutch -- 10 01 07 Persian Persian 1 22 01 07 Peruvian Peru (Peruano) Peru South American 1 04 01 07 Philipino Philipino Philippines Asia 8 20 07 07 Polish Polish Poland Europe 1 13 01 07 685 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 686 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Polynesian Polynesian 9 20 68 07 Ponapean 9 -- 68 07 Portuguese Portuguese Portugal Europe 1 19 01 07 Prussia -- 10 01 07 Puerto Rican Puerto Rican Puerto Rico 1 02 01 02 (Puertorriqueno) Punjabi Punjabi 9 20 68 07 Qatar Qatar Middle East -- 22 99 07 Quadroon 2 -- 02 99 Red Red 3 07 03 07 Rhodesian Rhodesia -- 24 02 07 Reunion Africa -- -- 99 07 Romanian Romania Europe 1 -- 01 07 Romany -- 22 99 07 Rotanese 9 -- 68 99 Rumanian -- 18 99 07 Russian Russian Russia Europe 1 18 01 07 Rwanda Rwanda Africa -- 24 02 07 Ryukyan 5 -- 05 07 Salpanese 9 -- 68 99 Salvadorian Salvadoreno 6 04 98 04 Australasia & Samoa(n) Samoan American Samoa 9 20 38 07 Pacific Saint Kitts-Nevis -- -- 02 07 Saint Lucia -- -- 02 07 Saint Vincent -- -- 02 07 San Marino -- -- 01 07 Sao Tome and Africa -- -- 02 07 Principe 2010 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* 2010 Race Origin Saudia-Arabian Saudi Arabian Saudi Arabia Middle East 1 22 01 07 Saxon(y) 1 -- 01 07 Scandinavian Scandinavian 1 12 01 07 Scotch Scottish Scotland Europe 1 08 01 07 Scotch-Irish -- 08 01 07 Selawik 3 -- 03 07 Semitic 1 -- 01 99 Senegal Africa -- -- 02 07 Serbian Serbian Serbia Europe 1 19 01 07 Serbo-Croation -- 19 01 07 Servian 1 -- 01 99 Seychelloise Seychelles Africa 2 -- 02 07 Siamese Siamese 9 20 68 07 Sicilian Sicilian 1 14 01 07 Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Africa -- 24 02 07 Sikh Sikhs 9 21 68 07 Singaporean Singapore Asia -- 20 68 07 Singhalease Singhalease 9 21 68 07 Sino Burman 4 -- 04 07 Slovakian Slovak Slovakia Europe 1 18 01 07 Sloavic (Slovenian) Slovenia Europe -- 19 01 07 Slovikian -- 19 01 07 Slovish -- 19 01 07 Australasia & Solomon Islands -- -- 68 07 Pacific Somalian Somalia Africa -- 24 99 07 South African South Africa Africa -- 24 99 07 South American 1 -- 01 06 687 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC 688 Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Southern European -- 19 01 99 Spanish Spain (Spaniard) Spain Europe 1 05 01 05 Sri Lanka Asia -- 68 07 Sudanese Sudanese Sudan North Africa 2 23 02 07 Sunni 1 -- 01 07 Swaziland -- 24 02 07 Swedish Swedish Sweden 1 12 01 07 Swiss Switzerland Europe -- 16 01 07 Syrian Syrian Syria Middle East 1 22 01 07 Tahitian 9 -- 68 07 Taimskin 3 -- 03 99 Taiwanese Taiwanese Taiwan Asia 4 20 04 07 Tajikistan Asia -- -- 68 07 Tamil-Ceylonese 9 -- 68 07 Tamil-Malayan 9 -- 68 07 Tanzanian Tanzanian Tanzania Africa 2 24 02 07 Teutonic 1 -- 01 07 Thai Thai Thailand Asia 9 20 68 07 Tibetan Tibet 9 -- 68 07 Togolese Togo Africa -- 24 02 07 Australasia & Tongan Tonga 9 -- 68 07 Pacific Triguano 6 -- 98 99 Trinidadian Trinidadian Trinidad and Tobago 2 15 02 07 Tunisian Tunisian Tunisia North Africa 1 23 01 07 Turk Turkish Turkey Middle East 1 22 01 07 Turkmenistan Asia -- -- 68 07 2010 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* 2010 Race Origin Australasia & Tuvalu -- -- 68 07 Pacific Ubontilian 9 -- 68 07 Ugandan Ugandan Uganda Africa 2 24 02 07 Ukrainian Ukrainian Ukraine Europe 1 18 01 07 United Arab Middle East -- -- 01 07 Emirates United Kingdom -- 08 99 07 United States of North America -- -- 99 99 America Unknown or Blank Unknown 0 99 99 99 Upper Volta Africa -- 24 99 07 Uruguay (Uruguayo) Uruguay South America -- 04 01 04 Ute 3 -- 03 07 Uzbekistan Asia -- -- 68 07 Valencian -- 05 01 05 Australasia & Vanuatu -- -- 68 07 Pacific Venezuela(n) Venezuela (Venezolano) Venezuela South America 1 04 01 04 Vietnam(ese) Vietnamese Vietnam Asia 9 20 48 07 Viking -- 12 01 07 W 1 -- 01 99 Wales (United Welsh Welsh Europe 1 08 01 07 Kindom) West Indies (Indian) West Indian 2 15 02 07 Western Sahara Africa -- -- 99 99 Australasia & Western Samoa -- -- 38 07 Pacific White White 1 99 01 99 White Russian -- 18 01 07 Wiam (White American) 1 -- 01 99 689 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS Race (CDC) FARS FARS Ancestry/ CDC CDC Country Region Detail Hispanic 690 Ethnicity (CDC) Race* Ethnic* Race Origin Yapanes 9 -- 68 07 Yellow -- 20 78 07 Yemen Yemen Middle East -- 22 99 07 Yugoslavian Yugoslavian Yugoslavia Europe 1 19 01 07 Zaire Zaire Africa -- 24 02 07 Zambian Zambia Africa -- 24 02 07 Zanzibar -- 24 02 07 Zimbabwe Africa -- -- 02 07 Zoroastrian 1 -- 01 07 NCHS (NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS) RACE CODES CDC RACE CODE RACE DISCRIPTION 0 Unknown/Blank 1 White/Mexican/Puerto Rican, Other Caucasian 2 Black 3 Indian (American, Canadian, Alaskan, Aleut/Eskimo) 4 Chinese 5 Japanese 6 Other Non-White 7 Hawaiian/Part Hawaiian 8 Filipino 9 Asian/Pacific Island Other 2010 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS NCHS (NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS) ANCESTRY CODES CDC ANCESTORY CODE ANCESTRY/ETHNICITY DESCRIPTION 2010 01 Mexican 02 Puerto Rican 03 Cuban 04 Central or South American 05 Other & Unknown Spanish 06 “American” 07 Indian (American, Alaskan, Canadian or Mexican Indian, Eskimo & Aleut) 08 English, Scottish, Welsh, Scotch-Irish 09 Irish 10 German 11 French 12 Norwegian, Swedish, Danish 13 Polish 14 Italian 15 Other North, Central and South American or Canadian 16 Other Western European 17 Other Northern European 18 Other Eastern European 19 Other Southern European (Excluding Spain) 20 Southwest Asian & Pacific Islander 21 South Central Asian 22 Other Asian 23 North African 24 Other African 99 Unknown Blank Blank 691 * SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES