(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) VARIABLES LABELS Unemployment rate Unemployment rate Unemployment rate Unemployment rate Unemployment rate _Iarea_id_2 area_id==2 -0.344*** -0.281*** -0.350*** -0.333*** -0.257*** [0.049] [0.030] [0.035] [0.042] [0.032] _Iarea_id_3 area_id==3 -0.701*** -0.644*** -0.714*** -0.619*** -0.635*** [0.040] [0.025] [0.031] [0.039] [0.027] _Iarea_id_4 area_id==4 -0.446*** -0.404*** -0.452*** -0.373*** -0.414*** [0.016] [0.013] [0.018] [0.028] [0.014] _Iarea_id_5 area_id==5 -0.833*** -0.772*** -0.771*** -0.710*** -0.770*** [0.049] [0.030] [0.030] [0.028] [0.032] _Iarea_id_8 area_id==8 0.357*** 0.377*** 0.338*** 0.444*** 0.331*** [0.017] [0.015] [0.018] [0.023] [0.017] _Iarea_id_9 area_id==9 -0.848*** -0.846*** -0.898*** -0.788*** -0.850*** [0.002] [0.002] [0.014] [0.024] [0.002] _Iarea_id_10 area_id==10 0.417*** 0.418*** 0.439*** 0.548*** 0.418*** [0.002] [0.001] [0.006] [0.010] [0.002] _Iarea_id_11 area_id==11 -0.097*** -0.101*** -0.100*** -0.038*** -0.108*** [0.006] [0.004] [0.004] [0.008] [0.004] _Iarea_id_12 area_id==12 0.621*** 0.671*** 0.640*** 0.728*** 0.676*** [0.029] [0.019] [0.021] [0.023] [0.021] _Iarea_id_13 area_id==13 1.179*** 1.232*** 1.165*** 1.342*** 1.210*** [0.032] [0.021] [0.027] [0.038] [0.022] _Iarea_id_14 area_id==14 -1.784*** -1.737*** -1.764*** -1.733*** -1.745*** [0.025] [0.017] [0.019] [0.022] [0.018] _Iarea_id_15 area_id==15 -0.366*** -0.303*** -0.355*** -0.254*** -0.292*** [0.049] [0.031] [0.033] [0.037] [0.033] _Iarea_id_16 area_id==16 -1.863*** -1.812*** -1.759*** -1.770*** -1.814*** [0.018] [0.017] [0.022] [0.030] [0.018] _Iarea_id_17 area_id==17 0.003 0.067** 0.098*** 0.156*** 0.085*** [0.037] [0.024] [0.026] [0.029] [0.026] _Iarea_id_18 area_id==18 -0.783*** -0.693*** -0.681*** -0.708*** -0.658*** [0.081] [0.049] [0.050] [0.051] [0.052] o._Iarea_id_19 area_id==19 = o, - _Iarea_id_20 area_id==20 -0.548*** -0.493*** -0.496*** -0.453*** -0.475*** [0.023] [0.018] [0.019] [0.019] [0.020] _Iarea_id_21 area_id==21 -0.908*** -0.841*** -0.892*** -0.800*** -0.830*** [0.041] [0.027] [0.030] [0.035] [0.028] _Iarea_id_22 area_id==22 -0.500*** -0.428*** -0.424*** -0.428*** -0.407*** [0.051] [0.032] [0.032] [0.031] [0.034] _Iarea_id_23 area_id==23 -0.886*** -0.984*** -1.012*** -1.071*** -0.852*** [0.110] [0.074] [0.076] [0.095] [0.067] _Iarea_id_24 area_id==24 -1.063*** -1.034*** -1.020*** -0.919*** -1.066*** [0.007] [0.010] [0.011] [0.011] [0.011] _Iarea_id_25 area_id==25 0.801*** 0.851*** 0.799*** 0.951*** 0.879*** [0.037] [0.023] [0.027] [0.032] [0.026] _Iarea_id_26 area_id==26 -0.659*** -0.625*** -0.599*** -0.531*** -0.649*** [0.012] [0.011] [0.013] [0.016] [0.012] _Iarea_id_28 area_id==28 -0.532*** -0.507*** -0.601*** -0.518*** -0.521*** [0.012] [0.013] [0.027] [0.045] [0.014] _Iarea_id_29 area_id==29 -0.235*** -0.199*** -0.248*** -0.179*** -0.193*** [0.014] [0.012] [0.017] [0.026] [0.013] _Iarea_id_30 area_id==30 -2.065*** -2.036*** -1.960*** -1.936*** -2.044*** [0.009] [0.011] [0.023] [0.036] [0.011] _Iarea_id_31 area_id==31 0.428*** 0.467*** 0.547*** 0.504*** 0.464*** [0.024] [0.016] [0.026] [0.038] [0.017] d3yrdef d3yrdef -0.001 [0.024] _IareXd3yr_2 (area_id==2)*d3yrdef 0.137*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_3 (area_id==3)*d3yrdef 0.199*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_4 (area_id==4)*d3yrdef 0.180*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_5 (area_id==5)*d3yrdef 0.206*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_8 (area_id==8)*d3yrdef 0.273*** [0.006] _IareXd3yr_9 (area_id==9)*d3yrdef 0.103*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_10 (area_id==10)*d3yrdef -0.018*** [0.004] _IareXd3yr_11 (area_id==11)*d3yrdef 0.020*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_12 (area_id==12)*d3yrdef 0.124*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_13 (area_id==13)*d3yrdef 0.375*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_14 (area_id==14)*d3yrdef 0.194*** [0.001] _IareXd3yr_15 (area_id==15)*d3yrdef 0.206*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_16 (area_id==16)*d3yrdef -0.008 [0.006] _IareXd3yr_17 (area_id==17)*d3yrdef -0.021*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_18 (area_id==18)*d3yrdef 0.117*** [0.007] _IareXd3yr_19 (area_id==19)*d3yrdef 0.174*** [0.009] _IareXd3yr_20 (area_id==20)*d3yrdef -0.047*** [0.005] _IareXd3yr_21 (area_id==21)*d3yrdef 0.162*** [0.003] _IareXd3yr_22 (area_id==22)*d3yrdef 0.068*** [0.002] _IareXd3yr_23 (area_id==23)*d3yrdef 0.062*** [0.014] _IareXd3yr_24 (area_id==24)*d3yrdef 0.194*** [0.010] _IareXd3yr_25 (area_id==25)*d3yrdef 0.038*** [0.007] _IareXd3yr_26 (area_id==26)*d3yrdef 0.167*** [0.005] _IareXd3yr_28 (area_id==28)*d3yrdef 0.147*** [0.004] _IareXd3yr_29 (area_id==29)*d3yrdef 0.067*** [0.007] _IareXd3yr_30 (area_id==30)*d3yrdef -0.027*** [0.006] _IareXd3yr_31 (area_id==31)*d3yrdef 0.025*** [0.005] lpic First lag -0.247*** -0.212*** -0.212*** -0.211*** -0.170*** [0.059] [0.037] [0.037] [0.033] [0.039] epi 1 year ahead inflation expectations 0.265** -0.167 -0.163 -0.031 -0.168 [0.109] [0.142] [0.145] [0.160] [0.151] seas1 area_id== 1.0000 -0.570*** -0.575*** -0.577*** -0.576*** -0.580*** [0.001] [0.002] [0.002] [0.007] [0.001] seas2 area_id== 2.0000 -0.458*** -0.468*** -0.471*** -0.483*** -0.492*** [0.028] [0.019] [0.018] [0.025] [0.020] seas3 area_id== 3.0000 -0.366*** -0.378*** -0.382*** -0.392*** -0.403*** [0.033] [0.021] [0.021] [0.024] [0.023] seas4 area_id== 4.0000 -0.408*** -0.392*** -0.394*** -0.405*** -0.380*** [0.017] [0.010] [0.010] [0.008] [0.011] seas5 area_id== 5.0000 -0.143*** -0.151*** -0.154*** -0.160*** -0.166*** [0.027] [0.018] [0.018] [0.020] [0.019] seas6 area_id== 8.0000 -0.495*** -0.497*** -0.499*** -0.523*** -0.482*** [0.011] [0.008] [0.007] [0.009] [0.008] seas7 area_id== 9.0000 -0.262*** -0.265*** -0.268*** -0.256*** -0.266*** [0.005] [0.004] [0.003] [0.009] [0.003] seas8 area_id== 10.0000 -0.149*** -0.162*** -0.164*** -0.170*** -0.178*** [0.014] [0.009] [0.009] [0.012] [0.010] seas9 area_id== 11.0000 -0.325*** -0.312*** -0.314*** -0.323*** -0.294*** [0.031] [0.020] [0.020] [0.016] [0.021] seas10 area_id== 12.0000 -0.451*** -0.448*** -0.451*** -0.479*** -0.455*** [0.007] [0.006] [0.006] [0.008] [0.007] seas11 area_id== 13.0000 -0.140*** -0.140*** -0.143*** -0.179*** -0.138*** [0.011] [0.008] [0.008] [0.016] [0.009] seas12 area_id== 14.0000 -0.347*** -0.350*** -0.353*** -0.355*** -0.361*** [0.018] [0.012] [0.012] [0.016] [0.013] seas13 area_id== 15.0000 -0.150*** -0.165*** -0.168*** -0.170*** -0.191*** [0.038] [0.025] [0.024] [0.029] [0.027] seas14 area_id== 16.0000 -0.069*** -0.064*** -0.065*** -0.079*** -0.075*** [0.010] [0.008] [0.008] [0.008] [0.009] seas15 area_id== 17.0000 0.533*** 0.497*** 0.495*** 0.521*** 0.434*** [0.079] [0.050] [0.050] [0.050] [0.054] seas16 area_id== 18.0000 0.274*** 0.238*** 0.236*** 0.262*** 0.181*** [0.080] [0.050] [0.050] [0.052] [0.054] seas17 area_id== 19.0000 0.248*** 0.282*** 0.278*** 0.278*** 0.249*** [0.065] [0.039] [0.039] [0.045] [0.041] seas18 area_id== 20.0000 -0.139*** -0.133*** -0.136*** -0.146*** -0.149*** [0.008] [0.007] [0.007] [0.010] [0.008] seas19 area_id== 21.0000 -0.003 -0.006 -0.009 -0.027 -0.023 [0.022] [0.015] [0.015] [0.018] [0.016] seas20 area_id== 22.0000 0.273*** 0.245*** 0.242*** 0.250*** 0.194*** [0.066] [0.042] [0.042] [0.045] [0.045] seas21 area_id== 23.0000 0.510*** 0.453*** 0.453*** 0.544*** 0.375*** [0.102] [0.064] [0.064] [0.084] [0.068] seas22 area_id== 24.0000 -0.214*** -0.242*** -0.244*** -0.257*** -0.261*** [0.036] [0.022] [0.022] [0.022] [0.023] seas23 area_id== 25.0000 0.272*** 0.237*** 0.234*** 0.228*** 0.197*** [0.046] [0.029] [0.029] [0.031] [0.031] seas24 area_id== 26.0000 0.125*** 0.097*** 0.095*** 0.116*** 0.076*** [0.036] [0.022] [0.022] [0.025] [0.024] seas25 area_id== 28.0000 -0.102*** -0.111*** -0.115*** -0.117*** -0.117*** [0.003] [0.004] [0.003] [0.013] [0.003] seas26 area_id== 29.0000 0.246*** 0.212*** 0.209*** 0.245*** 0.175*** [0.044] [0.027] [0.027] [0.034] [0.030] seas27 area_id== 30.0000 0.020 0.006 0.006 0.036*** -0.005 [0.013] [0.008] [0.008] [0.009] [0.009] seas28 area_id== 31.0000 -0.671*** -0.688*** -0.689*** -0.693*** -0.701*** [0.019] [0.012] [0.012] [0.012] [0.013] o._Iarea_id_2 area_id==2 = o, - o._Iarea_id_3 area_id==3 = o, - o._Iarea_id_4 area_id==4 = o, - o._Iarea_id_5 area_id==5 = o, - o._Iarea_id_8 area_id==8 = o, - o._Iarea_id_9 area_id==9 = o, - o._Iarea_id_10 area_id==10 = o, - o._Iarea_id_11 area_id==11 = o, - o._Iarea_id_12 area_id==12 = o, - o._Iarea_id_13 area_id==13 = o, - o._Iarea_id_14 area_id==14 = o, - o._Iarea_id_15 area_id==15 = o, - o._Iarea_id_16 area_id==16 = o, - o._Iarea_id_17 area_id==17 = o, - o._Iarea_id_18 area_id==18 = o, - _Iarea_id_19 area_id==19 -0.479*** -0.320*** -0.307*** -0.247*** -0.428*** [0.044] [0.048] [0.049] [0.060] [0.045] o._Iarea_id_20 area_id==20 = o, - o._Iarea_id_21 area_id==21 = o, - o._Iarea_id_22 area_id==22 = o, - o._Iarea_id_23 area_id==23 = o, - o._Iarea_id_24 area_id==24 = o, - o._Iarea_id_25 area_id==25 = o, - o._Iarea_id_26 area_id==26 = o, - o._Iarea_id_28 area_id==28 = o, - o._Iarea_id_29 area_id==29 = o, - o._Iarea_id_30 area_id==30 = o, - o._Iarea_id_31 area_id==31 = o, - o._Iyear_1985 year==1985 = o, - - - - o._Iyear_1986 year==1986 = o, - - - - o._Iyear_1987 year==1987 = o, - - - - o._Iyear_1988 year==1988 = o, - - - - o._Iyear_1989 year==1989 = o, - - - - _Iyear_1990 year==1990 0.145 0.262 -0.422 0.343 [0.260] [0.277] [0.338] [0.313] _Iyear_1991 year==1991 1.336*** 1.374*** 0.995** 1.507*** [0.289] [0.293] [0.405] [0.315] _Iyear_1992 year==1992 1.871*** 1.905*** 1.338*** 2.072*** [0.278] [0.280] [0.448] [0.275] _Iyear_1993 year==1993 1.448*** 1.558*** 1.007** 1.654*** [0.279] [0.291] [0.438] [0.317] _Iyear_1994 year==1994 0.869*** 0.932*** 0.601 1.058*** [0.291] [0.297] [0.380] [0.356] _Iyear_1995 year==1995 0.300 0.449 0.093 0.498 [0.274] [0.294] [0.364] [0.331] _Iyear_1996 year==1996 -0.010 0.167 0.003 0.204 [0.263] [0.285] [0.333] [0.323] _Iyear_1997 year==1997 -0.633** -0.490* -0.576* -0.397 [0.256] [0.273] [0.329] [0.284] _Iyear_1998 year==1998 -1.211*** -1.064*** -0.933*** -0.957*** [0.232] [0.250] [0.290] [0.248] _Iyear_1999 year==1999 -1.600*** -1.481*** -1.246*** -1.324*** [0.208] [0.222] [0.289] [0.218] _Iyear_2000 year==2000 -1.464*** -1.344*** -1.084*** -1.203*** [0.183] [0.197] [0.287] [0.253] _Iyear_2001 year==2001 -0.943*** -0.880*** -0.551*** -0.672*** [0.100] [0.108] [0.178] [0.169] _Iyear_2002 year==2002 0.293** [0.109] o._Iyear_2003 year==2003 = o, - _Iyear_2004 year==2004 -0.918*** -0.761*** -0.923*** -0.520*** [0.165] [0.156] [0.171] [0.114] _Iyear_2005 year==2005 -1.003*** -0.791*** -0.873*** -0.655*** [0.177] [0.182] [0.242] [0.164] _Iyear_2006 year==2006 -1.113*** -0.955*** -0.723** -0.804*** [0.180] [0.197] [0.297] [0.179] _Iyear_2007 year==2007 -0.958*** -0.786*** -0.738*** -0.675*** [0.199] [0.223] [0.258] [0.231] _Iyear_2008 year==2008 0.035 0.182 -0.258 0.351 [0.262] [0.273] [0.304] [0.337] _Iyear_2009 year==2009 2.754*** 2.891*** 2.558*** 3.120*** [0.255] [0.271] [0.310] [0.307] _Iyear_2010 year==2010 2.884*** 2.945*** 2.399*** 3.288*** [0.239] [0.243] [0.418] [0.283] _Iyear_2011 year==2011 2.666*** 2.830*** 2.039*** 3.019*** [0.279] [0.293] [0.499] [0.358] _Iyear_2012 year==2012 2.248*** 2.427*** 1.948*** 2.525*** [0.278] [0.305] [0.456] [0.332] _Iyear_2013 year==2013 1.972*** 2.189*** 1.829*** 2.211*** [0.336] [0.376] [0.436] [0.321] _Iyear_2014 year==2014 0.950*** 1.069*** 0.916** 1.187*** [0.318] [0.339] [0.396] [0.307] _Iyear_2015 year==2015 -0.048 0.042 -0.049 0.193 [0.256] [0.269] [0.314] [0.256] _Iyear_2016 year==2016 -0.604*** -0.536** -0.356 [0.216] [0.222] [0.211] _Iyear_2017 year==2017 -1.197*** -1.117*** -0.927*** [0.199] [0.204] [0.200] o._Iyear_2018 year==2018 = o, - - - - bartik_mp bartik_mp 0.346 [0.429] L.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 1.299* [0.728] L2.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 2.832*** [0.551] L3.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 0.997 [0.605] L4.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 1.360*** [0.457] L5.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 2.434*** [0.783] L6.bartik_mp bartik_mp = L, 1.569* [0.787] F.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, 2.657*** [0.441] F2.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, -0.956** [0.446] F3.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, -1.778** [0.773] F4.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, -1.135 [0.897] F5.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, -1.719* [0.965] F6.bartik_mp bartik_mp = F, -2.265* [1.239] o._Iyear_2002 year==2002 = o, - - - _Iyear_2003 year==2003 -0.375*** -0.292*** -0.283*** [0.103] [0.093] [0.100] o._Iyear_2016 year==2016 = o, - o._Iyear_2017 year==2017 = o, - bartik_defmp3y bartik_defmp3y 10.247*** 9.237*** [1.158] [2.104] bartik_mp3y bartik_mp3y 11.027*** [2.434] Observations 1,525 1,525 1,525 1,413 1,525 R-squared 0.296 0.828 0.828 0.836 0.849 Metro area FE Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Year FE No Yes Yes Yes Yes Seasonal dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Instrument 3 year Bartik 3 year Bartik 3 year Bartik 3 year Bartik 3 year Bartik 1st stage F-stat 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 Sum 10.4 r(estimate , , ) Robust standard errors in brackets *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1