January 2006
CURRICULUM VITAE
Anna J. Schwartz National Bureau of Economic Research
490 West End Avenue 365 Fifth Avenue, 5th Floor
Education:
Research: National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., 1941 to date
Adjunct Professor of Economics, 1986‑
Teaching:
Adjunct Professor of Economics, 1969‑1970
Adjunct Professor of Economics, 1967‑1969
Member, Board of Editors of:
American Economic Review, 1972‑78
Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 1974‑1975; 1984‑
Journal of Monetary Economics, 1975‑
Journal of Financial Services Research, 1993-
Honors: Phi Beta Kappa, 1934
Holder of Murray Fellowship awarded by
Fellow of Committee on Research in Economic History, 1945
Honorary Visiting Professor,
President, Western Economic Association, 1987‑88
Doctor
of Letters (Honoris Causa),
Doctor
of Arts (Honoris Causa),
Doctor
of Laws (Honoris Causa),
Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa),
Doctor of Letters (Honoris Causa),
Doctor of Humane Letters (Honoris
Causa),
Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa),
Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa),
Distinguished Fellow, American Economic Association, 1993
Staff Director:
Honorary Fellow, Institute of Economic Affairs, 1997
BOOKS
1953
(with A. D. Gayer and
W.W. Rostow) The Growth and Fluctuation
of the British Economy, 1790-1850.
1963
(with Milton
Friedman) A Monetary History of the
1970
(with Milton Friedman)
Monetary Statistics of the
1982
(with Milton Friedman)
Monetary Trends in the
1983
(with M. R. Darby et
al.) The International Transmission of
Inflation.
1984
A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821-1931
(Introduction and Co-Editor with Michael D. Bordo).
1987
Money in Historical Perspective.
The Search for Stable Money: Essays on
Monetary Reform (Co-Editor with James A. Dorn)
1992
Commodity Monies, 2 vols. (Editor).
ARTICLES
1940
(with A.D. Gayer and
1947
(with E. Oliver)
“Currency Held by the Public, the Banks, and the Treasury, Monthly, December
1917-December 1944.”
NBER Technical Paper No. 4.
“The Beginning of
Competitive Banking in
“An Attempt at
Synthesis in American Banking History,” Journal
of Economic History 7, 208-216.
1960
“Gross Dividend and
Interest Payments by Corporations at Selected Dates in the 19th Century.” In Trends in the American Economy in the
Nineteenth Century, Studies in Income and Wealth, Vol. 24.
1963
(with Milton Friedman)
“Money and Business Cycles,” Review of
Economics and Statistics 45, 32-64.
1969
(with Milton Friedman)
“The Definition of Money,” Journal of
Money, Credit, and Banking 1, 1-14.
“Short-Term Targets of
Some Foreign Central Banks,” in K. Brunner (ed.), Targets and Indicators of Monetary Policy.
“Why Money Matters,” Lloyds Bank Review 24, 1-16.
1972
“The Aliber, Dewald,
and Gordon Papers, A Comment,” Journal of
Money, Credit, and Banking 4, 978-984.
1973
“Secular Price Change
in Historical Perspective,” Journal of
Money, Credit, and Banking 5, 243-269.
1975
(with Phillip Cagan)
“How Feasible is a Flexible Monetary Policy?”
In R. T. Selden (ed.), Capitalism
and Freedom, Problems and Prospects.
(with Phillip Cagan)
“Has the Growth of Money Substitutes Hindered Monetary Policy?”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 7,
137-159.
“Monetary Trends in
the
“Comments.” In W. L.
Silber (ed.), Financial Innovation. Health, 1975, pp. 45-51.
1976
“Comments.” In J. Stein (ed.), Monetarism.
(with Milton Friedman) “From Gibson to Fisher,” Explorations in Economic Research 3, 288-291.
1977
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “Issues in Monetary Economics and Their Impact on Research in Economic
History.” In R. E. Gallman (ed.), Research
in Economic History.
“Policies for Research
in Monetary Economics.” In M. Perlman
(ed.), The Organization and Retrieval of
Economic Knowledge.
1978
“Comments on Papers by
Fourcans, Fratianni, and Korteweg,” Carnegie-Rochester
Conference Series on Public Policy 7, 193-201.
1979
“The Banking Reforms
of the 1930s.” In G. M. Walton (ed.), Regulatory Change in an Atmosphere of
Crisis: The Current Day Implications of the
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “Clark Warburton: Pioneer Monetarist,” Journal of Monetary Economics 5, 43-65.
1980
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “Money and Prices in the Nineteenth Century: An Old Debate Rejoined,” Journal of Economic History 40, March
1980, pp. 6167.
1981
“Understanding 1929
1933,” in K. Brunner (ed.), The Great
Depression Revisited.
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “Money and Prices in the Nineteenth Century: Was Thomas Tooke Right?,” Explorations in Economic History 18, 97-127.
A Century of British
Market Interest Rates 1874-1975. January
1981. The Henry Thornton Lecture.
1982
(with Milton Friedman)
“The Effect of the Term Structure of Interest Rates on the Demand for
Money in the
(with Milton Friedman)
“Interrelations between the
Report to the Congress of the Commission on the Role of Gold
in the Domestic and International Monetary Systems, Vol. 1.
“Reflections on the
Gold Commission Report,” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking
14, 538-551.
1983
(with K. Brunner et al.) “International Debt, Insolvency,
and Illiquidity,” Journal of Economic
Affairs 3, 160-166.
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “The Importance of Stable Money: Theory and Evidence,” Cato Journal 3, 63-82.
1984
“International Lending
and the Economic Environment,” Cato
Journal 4, 205-209.
“Currents and Countercurrents
in Political and Economic Thought: A Comment on the Fellner Paper,” Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on
Public Policy 21, 253-257.
“Comments on the Paper
by Alan Budd, Sean Holly, Andrew Longbottom and David Smith.” In B. Griffiths and G. E. Wood (eds.), Monetarism in the
1986
“Comments on Rudiger
Dornbusch and Stanley Fischer, ‘The Open Economy: Implications for Monetary and
Fiscal Policy.’” In R. J. Gordon (ed.), The American Business Cycle.
“Real and Pseudo
Financial Crises.” In F. Capie and G. E.
Wood (eds.), Financial Crises and the
World Banking System.
“Alternative Monetary
Regimes: The Gold Standard.” In C.
Campbell and
“Sustained Recovery
and Trade Liberalization: How the Transfer Problem Can Be Solved.” In H. Giersch (ed.), The International Debt Problem: Lessons for the Future.
“Assessing the Fed’s
Control of Domestic Monetary Policy,” Cato
Journal 5, 843-848.
(with Milton Friedman)
“Has Government Any Role in Money?,” Journal
of Monetary Economics 17, 37-62.
(with Milton Friedman)
“The Failure of the Bank of
1987
(with Michael D. Bordo
and E.U. Choudhri) “The Behavior of Money Stock Under Interest Rate Control:
Some Evidence for
“Prospects of an
International Monetary Constitution,” Contemporary
Policy Issues 5, 16-30.
“The Lender of Last
Resort and the Federal Safety Net,” Journal
of Financial Services Research 1, 77-111.
“
1988
“Bank
Runs and Deposit Insurance Reform,” Cato
Journal 7, 589-594.
“Financial Stability
and the Federal Safety Net.” In W. S.
Haraf (ed.), Restructuring Banking and
Financial Services in
1989
“Comment on Barry
Eichengreen, ‘Trade Deficits in the Long Run.’”
In A. E. Burger (ed.),
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “The ECU—An Imaginary or Embryonic Form of Money. What Can We Learn from
History?” In P. De Grauwe and T. Peeters
(eds.), The ECU and European Monetary
Integration.
“Comment on Thomas
Rymes, ‘The Theory and Measurement of the Nominal Output of Banks, Sectoral
Rates of Saving and Wealth in the National Accounts.’” In R. E. Lipsey and H. S. Tice (eds.), The Measurement of Saving, Investment, and
Wealth.
(with Michael D.
Bordo) “Transmission of Real and Monetary Disturbances under Fixed vs. Floating
Rates,” Cato Journal 8, 451-472.
“International Debts:
What’s Fact and What’s Fiction,” Economic
Inquiry 27, 1-19.
“The Effects of
Regulation on Systemic Risk.” In The Financial Services Industry in the Year
2000: Risk and Efficiency.
(with Michael D.
Bordo), “Cyclical Effects of International Transmission of Real and Monetary
Disturbances.” In P.J. Klein (ed.), Analyzing Modern Business Cycles: Essays
Honoring Geoffrey H. Moore.
“Comment on Carter
Golembe, ‘Long-Term Trends in Bank Regulation.’” Journal of Financial Services Research 2, 185-188.
“Comment on Christina
and David Romer, ‘Does Monetary Policy Matter? A New Test in the Spirit of
Friedman and Schwartz,’” NBER
Macroeconomics Annual 4, 170-176.
1990
(with Michael D. Bordo
and E.U. Choudhri), “Money Stock Targeting, Base Drift and Price Level
Predictability: Lessons from the
1991
“Comment on Hugh
Rockoff, ‘New Views of the American Experience with Free Banking.’” In F. Capie and G. E. Wood (eds.), Unregulated Banking: Chaos or Order?
(with Michael D.
Bordo), “What Has Foreign Exchange Market Intervention Since the Plaza
Agreement Accomplished?,” Open Economies
Review 2, 39-64.
(with Phillip Cagan),
“The National Bank Note Puzzle Reinterpreted,”
Journal of Money, Credit, and
Banking 23, 293-307.
(with Milton Friedman)
“Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Economic Data,” American Economic Review 81, 39-49.
“Monetarism and
Monetary Policy.” Institute of Economic
Affairs Occasional Paper No. 86,
1992
(with Michael D. Bordo and P. Rappoport), “Money
Versus Credit Rationing: Evidence for the National Banking Era, 1880-1914.”
In C. Goldin and H. Rockoff (eds.), Strategic
Factors in 19th Century American
Economic History: In Honor of Robert W. Fogel,
“The Misuse of the
Fed’s Discount Window,” Federal Reserve
Bank of St. Louis Review 74, 58-69.
“Do Currency Boards
Have a Future?” Institute of Economic Affairs Occasional Paper No. 88,
1993
“A Commodity Standard
for
“International
Financial Liberalization and Exchange Rate Policies,” Cato Journal 13, 273-277.
“Comment on Alberto
Giovannini, ‘Bretton Woods and Its Precursors: Rules Versus Discretion in the
History of International Monetary Regimes.’”
In M. D. Bordo and B. Eichengreen
(eds.), A Retrospective on the Bretton
Woods System.
“Currency Boards:
Their Past, Present, and Possible Future Role,” Carnegie
(with Jerry L. Jordan,
Allan H. Meltzer, and Thomas J. Sargent) “
“An Assessment of
Monetary Regimes.” In M. D. Bordo and F.
H. Capie (eds.), Monetary Regimes in
Transition.
“Are Ce