FRANK A. SLOAN

Department of Economics
233 Social Sciences
(919) 660-1820

Center for Health Policy Research & Education
122A Old Chemistry

Fuqua School of Business
122 West
(919) 660-7857

Born August 15, 1942 in Greensboro, North Carolina
Married with two children

EDUCATION

Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, A.B. in Economics, 1964 (High honors in Economics).
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Ph.D. in Economics, 1969.
Ph.D. Dissertation: Economic Models of Physician Supply, Harvard University.

HONORS

• Summer Intern, President's Council of Economic Advisors, 1964.
  
• Woodrow Wilson National Fellow, 1964-65.
  
• Harvard Fellowship, 1965-66.
  
• U.S. Public Health Service Fellowship for Research
  
• Training in Medical Care, 1966-68.
  
• Listed in Who's Who in America, 43rd and 44th Editions.
  
• Listed in Who's Who in South and Southwest, 21st Edition.

PRESENT EMPLOYMENT

• J. Alexander McMahon Professor of Health Policy and Management and Professor of Economics, Duke University, July 1993, to present.

• Senior Research Fellow, Center for Demographic Studies, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, January 1, 1994, to present.

PAST EMPLOYMENT

• Centennial Professor of Economics, Vanderbilt University, April 1984, to June 1993.

• Alexander Heard Distinguished Service Professor, Vanderbilt University, 1990 to 1991.

• Chairman, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Vanderbilt University, June 1986, to May 1989.

• Professor of Economics, Vanderbilt University, September 1976, to April 1984.

• Senior Research Fellow and Director, Health Policy Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, September 1976, to June 1993.

• Acting Director, Institute for Public Policy Studies, Vanderbilt University, July to December 1982.

• Associate Professor, Departments of Economics and Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, July 1973, to August 1976.

• Research Associate, Health Systems Division, University of Florida, Spring 1972, to August 1976.

• Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, Spring 1972, to June 1973.

• Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Florida, September 16, 1971, to June 30, 1973.

• Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of California at Los Angeles, September 1970, to June 1971.

• Research Associate, Department of Economics, The Rand Corporation, September 1968, to August 1971.

• Senior Research Associate, University of Southern California Human Resources Research Center, Summer 1967.

• Teaching Fellow, Harvard University, September 1966, to January 1967.

• Student Intern, President's Council of Economic Advisors, Summer 1964 (noted above).

RESEARCH GRANTS

• Principal Investigator, "Credentialling Standards and Quality of Care in North Carolina Hospitals," sponsored by The Duke Endowment, April 1, 1996, to March 31, 1997.

• Principal Investigator, "Evaluation of the TennCare Health Reform Plan," sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, April 1, 1996 to September 30, 1998.

• Principal Investigator, "Impact of State Health Insurance Reform on Access to Health Insurance Coverage," sponsored by Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, April 1, 1995, to March 31, 1996.

• Principal Investigator, "Experience of No-Fault in Florida and Virginia: A Model for Tort Reform," sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, June 1, 1995, to May 31, 1997.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Economic Evaluation of Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies: From Theory to Practice," sponsored by Eli Lilly & Company, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, Upjohn, and Ciba Pharmaceuticals. April 1, 1995, to March 31, 1996.

• Principal Investigator, "The Economic Burden of Multiple Sclerosis," sponsored by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, November 1, 1994, to December 31, 1995.

• Principal Investigator, "CCRCs: An Efficient Alternative for Long-Term Care Provision and Financing," sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, January 1, 1992, to December 31, 1994.

• Principal Investigator, "Cost Effectiveness Conference," sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company, October 1, 1991, to December 31, 1993.

• Principal Investigator, "Effects of Public Subsidies on Use of Long-Term Care," sponsored by the National Institute on Aging, September 30, 1996, to August 31, 2000.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Health Care Law in the State Courts: Seminars for State Supreme Court Justices on Medical Malpractice Issues," sponsored by State Justice Institute, July 1, 1991, to June 30, 1993.

• Principal Investigator, "Birth Outcomes, Satisfaction with Care and Malpractice," sponsored by Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, October 1, 1990, to March 31, 1994.

• Principal Investigator, "Heavy Drinking and Drunk Driving: Which Deterrents Work?" sponsored by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, July 1, 1990, to December 31, 1993, and May 1, 1995, to April 30, 1999.

• Principal Investigator, "Public Policies Affecting Medicaid Expenditures," sponsored by Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, May 15, 1990, to December 31, 1990.

• Principal Investigator, "Hospital Formularies in Washington State," sponsored by the Eli Lilly and Company, May 1, 1990, to December 31, 1990.

• Principal Investigator, "Resolution of Malpractice Claims: Birth- and Emergency Room-Related Injuries," sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, November 1, 1988, to February 28, 1991.

• Principal Investigator of Sub-Grant to Project HOPE's "Establishing Project HOPE as a Health Policy Research Center," sponsored by Health Care Financing Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, January 1, 1988, to present.

• Principal Investigator, "Scheduling Damages and Experience Rating: The Next Medical Malpractice Insurance Reform," sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, July 1, 1987, to October 31, 1989.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Empirical Analysis of Medical Malpractice Insurance," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research, February 1, 1987, to January 31, 1990.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Exploration of Major Health Policy Issues," sponsored by Hospital Corporation of America, September 1, 1986, to January 31, 1990.

• Principal Investigator, "Geographic Variations in Health Care Expenditures," sponsored by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, September 1, 1985, to September 30, 1987.

• Principal Investigator, "An Evaluation of the New Medicare Prospective Pricing System as a Cost Containment Strategy," sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, January 1, 1985, to June 30, 1987.

• Principal Investigator, "Cost of Capital and the Capital Structure of U.S. Hospitals," sponsored by National Center for Health Services Research, September 30, 1984, to September 30, 1987.

• Principal Investigator, "Analysis of Health Care Options in Tennessee: Uncompensated Care," sponsored by Tennessee Department of Health and Environment, January 1, 1984, to December 31, 1984.

• Principal Investigator, "Analysis of Data from Foundation Assisted Studies," sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, December 1, 1983, to October 31, 1985.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Medicare-Medicaid Payment Policies and Hospital Capital Formation," sponsored by the Health Care Financing Administration, May 1, 1983, to December 31, 1985, jointly with the Center for Health Economics Research, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.

• Principal Investigator, "Health Policy Symposiums," sponsored by the Hospital Corporation of America, March 1, 1983, Principal Investigator, "Diffusion of Surgical Technology," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, December 1, 1982, to April 30, 1985.

• Principal Investigator, "The Relationship Between Taxable Payroll and Total Compensation," sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning/Evaluation, June 9, 1982, to June 30, 1983.

• Co-Principal Investigator, "Implementation and Evaluation of Physician-Based Group Plan," sponsored by Middle Georgia Medicalcare, Inc., January 3, 1982, to April 30, 1982.

• Principal Investigator, "Regulation, Reimbursement, and Hospital Finances," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, September 1, 1981, to August 31, 1982.

• Principal Investigator, "Graduate Medical Education: Financing, Costs, and Organization," sponsored by the Health Care Financing Administration, October 15, 1978, to December 31, 1981.

• Principal Investigator, "Studies of Hospital Cost Inflation," sponsored by the Health Care Financing Administration, October 2, 1978, Principal Investigator, "Analysis of Survey Data on Physician Practice Costs and Income," sponsored by the U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, September 29, 1978, to September 30, 1980.

• Principal Investigator, "Determinants of Hospital Wage Inflation," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, March 1976, to November 1978.

• Principal Investigator, "Administrative Costs in Physicians' Offices and Medicaid Participation," sponsored by the Office of Research and Statistics, U.S. Social Security Administration, July 1, 1975, to June 1, 1977.

• Principal Investigator, "The Impact of National Economic Conditions on the Health Care of the Poor - Unemployment and Health Insurance Coverage," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research, July 1, 1975, to June 30, 1977.

• Principal Investigator, "The Impact of National Economic Conditions on the Health Care of the Poor - Access," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research, July 1, 1975, to October 1, 1977.

• Project Director, "Development of a Management Information System for Children's Medical Services," sponsored by the Division of Children's Medical Services, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, State of Florida through the Board of Regents, July 1, 1975, to June 30, 1976.

• Principal Investigator, "Policies to Attract Nurses to Underserved Areas," sponsored by the Division of Nursing, Bureau of Health Manpower Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, June 28, 1972, to September 30, 1976.

• Co-Principal Investigator (with Leighton E. Cluff), "The Impact of Infectious and Allergic Diseases on Health and the Quality of Life: Proposal for a Planning Contract," sponsored by National Institutes of Health, Allergic, and Infectious Diseases, June 28, 1974, to June 30, 1976.

• Principal Investigator, "Analysis of Physician Price and Output Decisions," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research and Development, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, June 1, 1972, to December 31, 1975.

NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCILS AND COMMITTEES

• Commissioner, Physician Payment Review Commission, United States Congress, May 1, 1996, to April 30, 1997.

• Member, IMPACS: Improving Malpractice Prevention and Compensation Systems Research Program Committee, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, February 1994, to present.

• Member, Finance Committee, North Carolina State Health Planning Commission, July - December 1994.

• Member, Scholars in Health Policy Research Program, National Advisory Committee of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, November 1992, to present.

• Member, HRS/AHEAD Steering Committee, University of Michigan, December 1994, to present.

• Member of Steering Committee and Health Status and Health Conditions Committee, Health and Retirement Study, The University of Michigan, September 1990, to present.

• Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., September 1988, to present.

• Member, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, January 1982, to present. Elected to IOM Council, 1990 to 1993.

• Member, HSR Study Section, Health Services Research Review Subcommittee of the National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, August 18, 1985, to June 30, 1989.

• Member, Council on Research and Development, American Hospital Association, January 1, 1982, to December 31, 1984.

• Member, Board of Contributing Editors, Nashville Banner, January to December 1983.

• Member, Task Force on Prospective Payment for Institutional Care, U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, January to March 1982.

• Member, National Council on Health Care Technology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, May 1979, through August 1981.

• Member, Advisory Committee on Cost and Financing of Graduate Medical Education, National Academy of Sciences, February 1977, to July 1977.

• Member, Health Resources Administration's Nursing Research and Education Advisory Committee, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, July 1977, to July 1978.

• Member, National Advisory Allergy and Infectious Diseases Council, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, February 1971, to September 1974.

CONSULTANT

• McGuire, Woods, and Boothe, Attorneys, Richmond, Virginia, November 1995, to October 1996.

• Smith, Helms, Mulliss, and Moore, Attorneys, Greensboro, North Carolina, September-October 1996.

• Beemer, Savery, and Hadler, Attorneys, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, November 1996, to February 1997..

• Metzger, Sonneborn and Rutter, Attorneys, West Palm Beach, Florida, December 1995, to present.

• Crestwood Hospital, Huntsville, Alabama, August 1994, to present.

• Cohen, Shapiro, Polisher, Shiekman, and Cohen, Attorneys, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 1993 to 1995.

• D. Bruce Pettway, Attorney, Birmingham, Alabama, November 1992 to 1993.

• Weissburg and Aronson, Attorneys, Los Angeles, California, April 1991 to 1993.

• Frank Berman, Attorney, Minneapolis, Minnesota, October 1990 to 1991.

• Petree Stockton, Attorneys, Charlotte, North Carolina, March 1992, to November 1993.

• Powell and Goldstein, Attorneys, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1991, to August 1991.

• Department of Health and Social Services, State of Wisconsin, November 1990, to March 1991.

• Dilworth, Paxson, Kalish, and Kauffman, Attorneys, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 1990, to January 1991.

• Health and Sciences Research, Inc., December 1989, to January 1991.

• Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, October 1989, to January 1990.

• Litt and Stormer, Attorneys, Los Angeles, California, October 1989, to September 1990.

• Health Insurance Association of America, Washington, DC, March 1984, September 1988, to April 1989; June 1990 to present.

• Brown, Todd and Heyburn, Attorneys, Louisville, Kentucky, March 1988, to September 1989.

• Hinshaw, Culbertson, Moelmann, Hoban, and Fuller, Rockville, Illinois, December 1987, to March 1988.

• Wyche, Burgess, Freeman, and Parham, Attorneys, Greenville, South Carolina, October 1987.

• Washington State Hospital Commission, Seattle, Washington, September 1987.

• Prospective Payment Assessment Commission, Washington, DC, November 1986, to March 1987.

• Trabue, Sturdivant, and Dewitt, Attorneys, Nashville, Tennessee, February 1987, to June 1988.

• Goodman, Glazer, Greener, Schneider, and McQuiston, P.C., Attorneys, Memphis, Tennessee, October 1985, to July 1987.

• Vedder, Price, Kaufman, and Kammholz, Attorneys, Chicago, Illinois, July 1985, to March 1987.

• Hopkins and Sutter, Attorneys, Chicago, Illinois, June 1985, to June 1986.

• Long and Aldridge, Attorneys, Atlanta, Georgia, June 1985, to July 1985.

• American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, January 1986, to January 1988.

• Project HOPE, October 1984, to December 1986.

• Sidley and Austin, Attorneys, Chicago, Illinois, November-December 1984.

• King and Spaulding, Attorneys, Atlanta, Georgia, December 1984; December 1991, to present.

• Parker, Hudson, Rainer, Dobbs, and Kelly, Attorneys, Atlanta, Georgia, April 1984, to October 1984; September

• 1986 to September 1988.

• Carleton and Fields, Attorneys, Tampa, Florida, March 1984, to April 1987.

• Rose Law Firm, Little Rock, Arkansas, December 1983, to March 1985.

• Humana, February 1984.

• Holland and Knight, Attorneys, Miami and Tallahassee, Florida, April 1983, to December 1983.

• O'Connor, Cavanaugh, and Westover, Attorneys, Phoenix, Arizona, February 1983.

• Advisory Council on Social Security, January 1983, to December 1983.

• Federation of American Hospitals, October 1982.

• Winer, Neuburger, and Sive, Attorneys, New York, New York, February 1982, to October 1982.

• Morgan, Lewis, and Bockius, Attorneys, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 1981, to March 1985.

• Merl Barnes, Attorney, Little Rock, Arkansas, October 1981.

• Health Economics Research, October 1981, to present.

• Boehl, Stopher, Graves, and Deindorfer, Attorneys, Louisville, Kentucky, August 1981.

• Levine Associates, Inc., July 1981 to May 1982; March 1991, to present.

• DeWitt, Sundby, Huggett, and Schumacher, Attorneys, Madison, Wisconsin, June to December 1981.

• Hospital Corporation of America, April 1981, to July 1985; January 1986, to August 1986.

• Kerr, Russell, and Weber, Attorneys, Detroit, Michigan, March 1980, to October 1981.

• Arthur D. Little, May 1979, to December 1989.

• Applied Management Sciences, July 1978, to January 1982.

• Urban Institute, April 1978, to October 1978.

• Federal Trade Commission, April 1978, to March 1980.

• Cox, Langford, and Brown, Attorneys, Washington, DC, Summer 1976.

• Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, September 1974, to January 1976.

• Social Security Administration, September 1974, to May 1975.

• Mathematica Policy Research, September 1973, to Summer 1975; Summer 1978, to July 1982.

• Policy Analysis, Inc., February 1974, to December 1980.

• Roche Laboratories, June to July 1973.

• Abt Associates, April 1973, to September 1977.

• Interstudy, March 1973, to January 1976.

• Public Services Laboratory, Georgetown University, February 1972, to June 1972.

• Office of the Administrator, Health Services and Mental Health Administration, U.S. Department of Health,Education, and Welfare, August 1971, to May 1973.

• Robert Nathan Associates, September 1971, to September 1974.

• The Rand Corporation, August 1971, to September 1974.

• National Center for Health Services Research, Department of Health and Human Services, April 1971, to January 1988.

• California State Department of Public Health, September 1970, to June 1971.

OFFICES HELD AND BOARDS

• Member of Editorial Board, Sandoz Education Series Compute Program on Health Economics, April 1992, to December 1995.

• Member of Board, Middle Georgia Medicalcare, Inc., January 1981, to June 1982.

• Member of Board, Planned Parenthood of Nashville, February 1980, to May 1984. First Vice President, May 1980 to May 1981. President, May 1981, to May 1982.

• President, Island House Condominium Association, Crescent Beach, Florida, September 28, 1975 to October 1, 1976.

• Member of Board, Southern Optical Co., Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina (also Assistant Treasurer) 1972 to May 1986.

• Member, Trustee Committee, Duke University Health Systems, April 1996-March 1999.

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

Member, American Economic Association
Member, Southern Economic Association
Member, Western Economic Association

PUBLICATIONS

Books and Monographs

1. The Geographic Distribution of Nurses and Public Policy. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, May 1975.

2. Private Physicians and Public Programs. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1978 (with J. Cromwell and J. Mitchell). Earlier version was final report on contract #600-75-0212 between Abt Associates and the Social Security Administration.

3. Equalizing Access to Nursing Services: The Geographic Dimension. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1978.

4. Access to Physicians and the U.S. Economy. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1979 (with J. Bentkover). Earlier version was final report on "The Impact of National Economic Conditions on the Health Care of the Poor," sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research.

5. Hospital Labor Markets: Analysis of Wages and Work Force Composition. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1980 (with B. Steinwald).

6. Insurance, Regulation, and Hospital Costs. Lexington Books, D.C. Heath, 1980 (with B. Steinwald).

7. Uncompensated Hospital Care: Rights and Responsibilities. Johns Hopkins Press, 1986 (edited with J. Blumstein and J. Perrin).

8. Antitrust and Health Care, Law and Contemporary Problems. Duke University Press, Spring 1988 (special editor with J. Blumstein).

9. Cost, Quality, and Equity in Health Care: New Roles for Health Planning. Jossey-Bass Inc., August 1988 (edited with J. Blumstein and J. Perrin).

10. Organ Transplantation Policy: Issues and Prospects. Duke University Press, 1989 (edited with J. Blumstein).

11. Insuring Medical Malpractice. Oxford University Press, 1991 (with R. Bovbjerg and P. Githens).

12. Suing For Medical Malpractice. University of Chicago Press, 1993 (with P.B. Githens, E.W. Clayton, G.B. Hickson, D.A. Gentile, and D.F. Partlett).

13. Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies. Edited. Cambridge; New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1995 Pp. xi, 273.

14. Long-Term Care: Economic Issues and Policy Solutions, edited by Roland Eisen and Frank A. Sloan, Boston/Dordrecht/Longon 1996: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

15. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is it Adequate? Washington: National Academy Press, 1996, edited (with G.S. Wunderlich and C.K. Davis).

16. The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private Policies in Health Care: An International Perspective, Special Issue, Social Science and Medicine, 45(4):August 1997 (with H. Grabowski).

Journal Articles and Book Reviews

1. "Hospital Demand for Residents," Inquiry, 7(3):65-68, September 1970.

2. "Lifetime Earnings and Physicians' Choice of Specialty," Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 24(1):47-56, October 1970.

3. "The Demand for Higher Education: The Case of Medical School Applicants," Journal of Human Resources, 6(4):466-489, Fall 1971.

4. "Review of H. Klarman, Empirical Studies in Health Economics," Inquiry, 9(1):75-79, March 1972.

5. "Physician Pricing: Monopolistic or Competitive: Reply," Southern Economic Journal, 38:577-580, April 1972 (with J.P. Newhouse).

6. "Survey of North-Central Florida Family Physicians," Florida Family Physician, 23(3):11-16, Summer 1973 (with J. Cleckner and J. Wayne).

7. "Migration Patterns of Recent Medical School Graduates," Inquiry, 11(2):125-142, June 1974 (with D.E. Yett). Earlier version presented at the Health Services Research Conference on Factors in Health Manpower Performance and the Delivery of Health Care, Chicago, December 9, 1971.

8. "Review of S. Berki, Hospital Economics," Inquiry, 11(2):156-157, June 1974.

9. "Determinants of Physicians' Fees," Journal of Business, 47(4): 493-511, October 1974 (with B. Steinwald).

10. "Influenza Research in the Soviet Union - 1974," Journal of Infectious Diseases, 130(6):686-693, December 1974 (with W.S. Jordan, MD; W.R. Dowdle, PhD; B.C. Easterday, DVM; F.A. Ennis, MD; M.B. Gregg, MD; E.D. Kilbourne, MD; and J.A. Seal, MD).

11. "Short-Run Supply Responses of Professional Nurses: A Microanalysis," Journal of Human Resources, 10(2):241-257, Spring 1975 (with S. Richupan).

12. "Physician Supply Behavior in the Short Run," Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 28(4):549-69, July 1975.

13. "The Role of Health Insurance in the Physicians' Services Market," Inquiry, 12(4):257-299, December 1975 (with B. Steinwald).

14. "The Allocation of Physicians' Services: Evidence on Length-of-Visit," Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, 16(3):85-103, Autumn 1976 (with J. Lorant).

15. "Real Returns to Medical Education: A Comment," Journal of Human Resources, 11(1):118-126, Winter 1976.

16. "Access to Medical Care and the Local Supply of Physicians," Medical Care, 15(4): 338-346, April 1977.

17. "A Model of State Income Maintenance Decisions," Public Finance Quarterly, 5(2):139-173, April 1977.

18. "The Role of Waiting Time: Evidence from Physicians' Practices," Journal of Business, 50(4):486-507, October 1977 (with J. Lorant).

19. "Physician Participation in Health Insurance Plans: Evidence on Blue Shield," Journal of Human Resources, 13(2):237-263, Spring 1978 (with B. Steinwald).

20. "The Demand for Physicians' Services in Alternative Practice Settings: A Multiple Logit Analysis," Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, 18(1):41-61, Spring 1978.

21. "Physician Participation in Medicaid Programs," Journal of Human Resources, 13:211-245, Supplement 1978 (with J. Mitchell and J. Cromwell). Presented at National Bureau of Economic Research Conference on "The Economics of Physician and Patient Behavior," National Bureau of Economic Research, Stanford, CA, January 1978.

22. "Health Planning and Regulation Through Certificate of Need: An Overview," Utah Law Review, 1978(1): 3-37, 1978, (with J. Blumstein). Reprinted in Public Health and the Law: Issues and Trends, 15:1980.

23. "Variations in Appointment Delays for Physician Services: Theory and Empirical Evidence," Policy Sciences, 10:89-104, 1978-1979 (with B. Steinwald).

24. "The Impacts of Infectious and Allergic Diseases on the Quality of Life," Social Science and Medicine, 13A:473-482, 1979 (with L.E. Cluff and R.H.Waldman).

25. "Nurse Staffing in Hospitals: A Microeconometric Analysis," Industrial Relations, 19(1):15-33, Winter 1980 (with R. Elnicki). Earlier version presented at the Annual Meeting of the Atlantic Economic Association, Washington, DC, October 1976.

26. "Effects of Regulation on Hospital Costs and Input Use," Journal of Law and Economics, 23: 81-109, April 1980 (with B. Steinwald). Presented at the American Economic Association Meetings, August 1978.

27. "Internal Organization of Hospitals: A Descriptive Study," Health Services Research, 15(3):203-230, Fall 1980.

28. "Contractual Arrangements Between Hospitals and Physicians," Bell Journal of Economics, 12(1):155-70, Spring 1981 (with R. Feldman and L. Paringer). Presented at National Bureau of Economic Research Conference on Economics of Compensation, Cambridge, MA, November 21, 1980.

29. "Regulation and the Rising Cost of Hospital Care," Review of Economics and Statistics, 63(4):479-87, November 1981. Presented at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Meetings, Boston, MA, October 23-24, 1980.

30. "Redefining Government's Role in Health Care: Is a Dose of Competition What the Doctor Should Order?" Vanderbilt Law Review, 34(4):849-926, May 1981 (with J. Blumstein). Reprinted in Regulation, 50:(November-December 1981) and National Law Journal, 44:(March 29, 1982).

31. "The Internal Organization of Hospitals and Hospital Costs," Inquiry, 18(3):224-239, Fall 1981 (with E. Becker).

32. "Government and the Regulation of Hospital Care," American Economic Review, 72(2):196-201, May 1982. Presented at American Economic Association Meetings, Washington, DC, December 30, 1981.

33. "Unions and Hospitals: Some Unresolved Issues," Journal of Health Economics," 1(1):81-108, May 1982 (with K. Adamache).

34. "Union Activity in Hospitals: Past, Present, and Future," Health Care Financing Review, 3(4)1-13, June 1982 (with E. Becker and B. Steinwald).

35. "Effects of Health Insurance on Physicians' Fees," Journal of Human Resources, 17(4):533-557, Fall 1982.

36. "Effects of Teaching on Hospital Costs," Journal of Health Economics, 2(1):1-28, March 1983 (with R. Feldman and B. Steinwald).

37. "More Doctors: What Will They Cost?" Journal of the American Medical Association, 249(6):766-769, February 11, 1983 (with W. Schwartz). Earlier version presented at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Meeting, Washington, DC, October 23, 1981.

38. "Comments on Samuel Mitchell's Issues, Evidence, and the Policymaker's Dilemma," Health Affairs, 1(3):113-118, Summber 1982.

39. "The Role of Unions in Hospital Cost Inflation," Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 37(2):252-262, Spring 1984 (with K. Adamache).

40. "Investor-Owned and Not-for-Profit Hospitals: Addressing Some Issues," Health Affairs, 2(1):25-37, Spring 1983, (with R.A.Vraciu).

41. "Utilization of Hospital Services: The Roles of Teaching, Case Mix, and Reimbursement," Inquiry, 20(3):248-257, Fall 1983 (with E. Becker).

42. "Rate Regulation as a Strategy for Hospital Cost Control: Evidence From the Last Decade," Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly: Health and Society, 61(2):195-221, Spring 1983.

43. "State Rate Setting: An Analysis of Some Unresolved Issues," Health Affairs, 2(3):36-47 Summer 1983 (with M.A. Morrisey and S.A. Mitchell).

44. "Cross-Subsidies and Payment for Hospital Care," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 8(4):660-685, Winter 1984 (with E. Becker).

45. "Review of C. Havighurst, Deregulating the Health Care Industry," Journal of Economic Literature, 21(2):598-599, June 1983.

46. "State Discretion in Federal Categorical Assistance Programs: Analysis of Variations in Medicaid Payments for Physicians' Services," Public Finance Quarterly, July 1984.

47. "Hospital Ownership and Performance," Economic Inquiry, 23(1):21-36, January 1985. (with E. Becker). This paper was selected for the 1983 Health Care Administration Division (of the National Academy of Management) Outstanding Paper Award.

48. "Competition between Nonprofit and For Profit Health Insurers," Journal of Health Economics, 2:225-43, December 1983. (with K. Adamache).

49. "Changes in Primary Medical Care Delivery, 1975-1979: Findings from the Physician Capacity Utilization Surveys," Social Science and Medicine, 18(8):653-660, 1984 (with B. Kehrer and J. Wooldridge).

50. "Certificate of Need in an Antitrust Context," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 8(2):314-19, Summer 1983 (with A.E. James, J. Blumstein, A. Winfield, and H. Pendergrass).

51. "For-Profits vs. Non-Profits: A Phantom Issue," Technology Review, April 1984, ps. 11, 13-5 (with E. Becker).

52. "Hospital Cost Shifting," New England Journal of Medicine, 310:893-898, April 5, 1984 (with P. Ginsburg).

53. "State Responses to the Malpractice Insurance Crisis of the 1970s," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 9(4):629-645, Winter 1985.

54. "Prospective Payment for Hospital Capital under Medicare: Issues and Options," Health Care Management Review, 11(2):25-33, Spring 1986 (with J. Valvona).

55. "Physician Reimbursement: Diagnosis and Prescription," Journal of Health Care Management, 7(4):72-83, 1984. Reprinted in Goldfield, Norbert and Seth B. Goldsmith, eds., Financial Management of Ambulatory Care. Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems Corporation, 1985, ps. 31-42.

56. "Hospital Rate Review: A Theory and an Empirical Review" (editorial), Journal of Health Economics, 3(1):83-86, April 1984.

57. "Fringe Benefits: To Tax or Not to Tax?" National Tax Journal, 38(1):47-64, March 1985 (with K. Adamache).

58. "Why Has Hospital Length-of-Stay Declined? An Evaluation of Alternative Theories," Social Science and Medicine, 22(1):63-73, 1986 (with J. Valvona).

59. "The Teaching Hospital's Growing Surgical Caseload," Journal of the American Medical Association, 254(3):376-382 July 19, 1985(with J. Perrin and J. Valvona).

60. "Rising Rates of Surgery Among the Elderly," Health Affairs, 4(3):108-119, Fall 1985 (with J. Valvona).

61. "Medicare Pricing Mechanisms for Physician Services: An Overview of Alternative Approaches," Medical Care Review, 43(1):59-100, Spring 1986 (with J. Hay).

62. "Taxation and the Growth of Nonwage Compensation," Public Finance Quarterly, 14(2):115-37, April 1986 (with K. Adamache).

63. "In-Hospital Mortality of Surgical Patient": Is There a Basis for Standard-Setting?" Surgery, 99(4):446-453, April 1986 (with J. Perrin and J. Valvona).

64. "Changing Patterns of Surgical Hospitalization for Children," Pediatrics, 77(4):587-592, April 1986 (with J. Perrin and J. Valvona).

65. "Diffusion of Surgical Technology: An Exploratory Study," Journal of Health Economics, 5:31-61, M arch 1986 (with J. Perrin, J. Valvona, and K. Adamache). Presented at American Public Health Association Meeting, November 13, 1984, Anaheim, CA.

66. "The High Cost of Teaching Hospitals," Health Affairs, 5(3):68-85, Fall 1986. Paper presented at Health Policy Symposium, "Paying and Providing for Medical Education," Vanderbilt University, May 3-4, 1985 (with J. Valvona).

67. "Hospital Philanthropy in the Future," Business and Health,. 3(7):11-14, June 1986 (with M. Morrisey).

68. "Why Have Surgeons Moved to the Country?" The Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, 26(3):25-47, Autumn 1986 (with J. Schoenman).

69. "Labor Market Segmentation: A Cluster Analysis of Job Groupings and Barriers to Entry," Southern Economic Journal, 53(3):571-590, 1987 (with K. Anderson and J.S. Butler). Paper presented at Southern Economic Association meeting, Atlanta, GA, November 4, 1984.

70. "Estimation of Seemingly Unrelated Tobit Regressions via the EM Algorithm," Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 5(3):425-430, July 1987 (with C. Huang and K. Adamache).

71. "Capital Structure, Ownership, and Capital Payment Policy: The Case of Hospitals," Journal of Finance, 43(1):21-40, March 1988 (with G. Wedig, M. Hassan, and M. Morrisey).

72. "Defining Geographic Markets for Hospitals and the Extent of Market Concentration," Law and Contemporary Problems, 51(2):165-194, Spring 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

73. "Antitrust and Hospital Peer Review," Law and Contemporary Problems, 51(2):8-92, Spring 1988 (with J.F. Blumstein).

74. "Foreword," Law and Contemporary Problems, 51(2):1-6, Spring 1988 (with J.F. Blumstein).

75. "Cost of Capital to the Hospital Sector," Journal of Health Economics, 7(1):25-45, March 1988 (with J. Valvona, M. Hassan, and M.A. Morrisey).

76. "Hospital Profitability and Capital Structure: A Comparative Analysis," Health Services Research, 23(3):343-357, August 1988 (with J. Valvona).

77. "Case Shifting and the Medicare Prospective Payment System," American Journal of Public Health, 78(5):553-556, May 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

78. "Hospital Car e for the Self-Pay Patient," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 13(1):83-102, Spring 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

79. "Why There is Likely to be Little or No Physician Surplus in the Year 2000," New England Journal of Medicine, 318(14):892-897, April 1988 (with W. Schwartz and D. Mendelson).

80. "Medicare Prospective Payment and the Use of Medical Technologies in Hospitals," Medical Care, 26(9):837-853, September 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

81. "Medicare Prospective Payment and Post-Hospital Transfers to Subacute Care," Medical Care, 26(7):685-698, July 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

82. "Effects of the Medicare Prospective Payment System on Hospital Cost Containment: An Early Appraisal," The Milbank Quarterly, 66(2):191-220, 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

83. "Krankenhausfinanzierung in Selbstverwaltung," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 144:388-395, 1988 (with C. Rosenberg).

84. "Hospital Investment Decisions and the Cost of Capital," Journal of Business, 62(4):517-536, October 1989 (with G. Wedig and M. Hassan).

85. "Shifting Medicare Patients Out of the Hospital," Health Affairs, 7(5):52-64, Winter 1988 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona).

86. "Competition Among Physicians: Revisited," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 13(2): 239-261, Summer 1988 (with R. Feldman). Reprinted in Greenberg, Warren, ed., Competition in the Health Care Sector: Ten Years Later. Duke University Press, 1988, 17-39.

87. "Organ Transplantation Services: Is There a Rationale for Regionalization?" Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 14(1):115-167, 1989 (with M. Shayne and M. Doyle). Reprinted in Organ Transplantation Policy: Issues and Prospects. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1989.

88. "Reply from Feldman and Sloan," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 14(3):621-625, Fall 1989 (with R. Feldman).

89. "Effects of Tort Reforms on the Value of Closed Medical Malpractice Claims: A Microanalysis," Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 14(4):663-689, Winter 1989 (with P. Mergenhagen and R. Bovbjerg).

90. "Medical Malpractice Experience of Physicians: Predictable or Haphazard?" Journal of the American Medical Association, 262(23):3291-3297, December 15, 1989 (with P. Mergenhagen, B. Burfield, and R. Bovbjerg).

91. "Loss Volatility, Bankruptcy, and Insurer Demand for Reinsurance," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 3(3):221-245, September 1990 (with T. Hoerger and M. Hassan).

92. "Experience Rating: Does It Make Sense for Medical Malpractice Insurance," American Economic Review, 80(2):128-133, May 1990.

93. "Valuing Life and Limb in Tort: Scheduling 'Pain and Suffering'," Northwestern University Law Review, 83(4):908-976, September 1989 (with R. Bovbjerg and J. Blumstein).

94. "The Demise of Hospital Philanthropy," Economic Inquiry,. 28(4):725-743, October 1990 (with T. Hoerger, M. Morrisey, and M. Hassan).

95. "Effects of Tort Reforms and Other Factors on Medical Malpractice Insurance Premiums," Inquiry, 27(2):167-182, Summer 1990 (with S. Zuckerman and R. Bovbjerg).

96. "Equity and Accuracy in Medical Malpractice Insurance Pricing," Journal of Health Economics, 9(3):289-319, November 1990 (with M. Hassan).

97. "Variability in Medical Malpractice Payments: Is the Compensation Fair?" Law and Society Review, 24(4):601-650, 1990 (with C.R. Hsieh).

98. "Juries and Justice: Are Malpractice and Other Personal Injuries Created Equal?" Law and Contemporary Problems, 54(1):5-42, Winter 1991 (with R. Bovbjerg, A. Dor, and C.R. Hsieh).

99. "Beyond Tort Reform: Developing Better Tools for Assessing Damages for Personal Injuries," Yale Journal on Regulation, 8(1):171-212, Winter 1991 (with J. Blumstein and R. Bovbjerg).

100. "Cost and Compensation of Injuries," Law and Contemporary Problems, 54(1):131-168, Winter 1991 (with S. van Wert).

101. "The Future of the Hospital: An Economist's Perspective," Transactions and Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, Series V, 12(2):227-62, June 1990.

102. "Uncertainty, Information, and Resolution of Medical Malpractice Disputes," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 4(4):343-363, 1991 (with T. Hoerger).

103. "Winners & Losers: How Medical Malpractice Disputes Are Resolved," The Journal of American Health Policy, 1(2):20-25, September/October 1991.

104. "Factors That Prompted Families to File Medical Malpractice Claims Following Perinatal Injuries" (with G.B. Hickson, E.W. Clayton, and P.B. Githens), Journal of the American Medical Association, 267(10):1359-1363, March 11, 1992.

105. "Review of W. Manning, et al., The Costs of Poor Health Habits," New England Journal of Medicine, 327(11): 823-824, September 10, 1992.

106. "Adverse Selection: Does It Preclude a Competitive Health Insurance Market," Comment, Journal of Health Economics, 11(3):353-356, October 1992.

107. "Long-Term Care, Medicaid, and Impoverishment of the Elderly" (with M. Shayne), Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 71(4):575-97, 1993.

108. "Commentary: Organ Procurement Expenditures and the Role of Financial Incentives," Journal of American Medical Association, 269(24):155-156, June 23/30, 1993.

109. "Maternal Recall and Medical Records: An Examination of Events During Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Early Infancy" (with P.B. Githens, C.A. Glass, and S.S. Entman), Birth, 20(3):136-41, September 1993.

110. "Hospital Drug Formularies and Spending on Hospital Care" (with G. Gordon and D. Cocks), Medical Care, 31(10):851-867, October 1993.

111. "Drinking, Driving, and the Price of Automobile Insurance" (with P.B. Githens), Journal of Risk and Insurance, 61(1):33-58, March 1994.

112. "Effects of Prices, Civil and Criminal Sanctions, and Law Enforcement on Alcohol-Related Mortality" (with B.A. Reilly and C. Schenzler), Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55(4):454-465, 1994.

113. "Tort Liability Versus Other Approaches for Deterring Careless Driving" (with B.A. Reilly and C. Schenzler), International Review of Law and Economics, 14:53-71, 1994.

114. Review of John R. Wolfe, "The Coming Health Crisis: Who Will Pay for Care for the Aged in the 21st Century," Journal of Economic Literature, 32:1254-1255, September 1994.

115. "The Relationship Between Malpractice Claims History and Subsequent Obstetric Care" (with S.S. Entman, C.A. Glass, G.B. Hickson, P.B. Githens, and K. Whetten-Goldstein), Journal of the American Medical Association, 272(20):1588-1591, November 23/30,1994.

116. "Obstetricians' Prior Malpractice Experience and Patients' Satisfaction with Care" (with G.B. Hickson, E.W. Clayton, S.S. Entman, C.S. Miller, P.B. Githens, and K. Whetten-Goldstein), Journal of the American Medical Association, 272(20):1583-1587, November 23/30, 1994.

117. "Effects of Tort Liability and Insurance on Heavy Drinking and Driving" (with B.A. Reilly and C. Schenzler), Journal of Law and Economics, 38(1):49-78, April, 1995.

118. "Effects of the Threat of Medical Malpractice Litigation and Other Factors on Birth Outcomes" (with K. Whetten-Goldstein, P. Githens, and S.S. Entman), Medical Care, 33(7):700-714, July 1995.

119. "Continuing Care Retirement Communities: Prospects for Reducing Institutional Long-Term Care" (with M. Shayne and C.J. Conover), Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 20(1):75-98, Spring 1995.

120. "Public Subsidies, Private Provision of Care, and Living Arrangements of the Elderly" (with T. Hoerger and G. Picone), Review of Economics and Statistics, 78(3):428-441, August 1996.

121. "Injury, Liability, and the Decision to File a Medical Malpractice Claim" (with C.R. Hsieh), Law & Society Review, 29(3):413-435, 1995.

122. "Why Do People Drink? Tests of the Rational Addiction Model" (with T. Waters), Applied Economics, 27:727-736, 1995.

123. "Bankruptcy Risk and State Regulation of Continuing Care Retirement Communities" (with C. J. Conover), Inquiry, 32(4):444-456, Winter 1995-1996.

124. "The Supply of Children's Time to Disabled Elderly Parents" (with G. Picone and T.J. Hoerger), forthcoming, Economic Inquiry.

125. "Tort Liability and Obstetricians' Care Levels", forthcoming, International Review of Law and Economics with S. Entman, B. Reilly, C. Glass, G. Hickson, and H. Zhang.

126. "Review of Falling Through the Safety Net: Insurance Status and Access to Health Care, with A. Epstein and J. Weissman, Contemporary Gerontology, A Journal of Reviews and Critical Discourse, .3(1):23-3, Spring 1996.

127. "Burden of Parkinson's Disease on Society, Family, and Individual", Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 45:844-849, 1997 (with C.J. Conover). K. Whetten-Goldstein, E. Kulas, T. Cutson, and M. Schenkman).

128. "Life Transitions and Health Insurance Coverage of the Near Elderly" (with C.J. Conover), forthcoming, Medical Care.

129. "Hospital Pharmacy Decision, Cost Containment, and the Use of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, (with K. Whetten- Goldstein and Alicia Wilson), Social Science and Medicine, 45(4):525-536, August 1997.

130. "Commercialism in Nonprofit Hospitals" forthcoming in Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 17(2) 1998 and in Burton A. Weisbrod, ed., The Commercialization of the Nonprofit Sector. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

131. "Demand on Private Health Insurance by the Elderly and the Near Elderly" (with E. Norton), forthcoming, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty.

132. "Does Removing Certificate of Need Lead to a Surge in Health Care Spending? (with Chris Conover), forthcoming, Journal of Health Policy, Politics, and Law.

Chapters in Books

1. "Comment: The Development of a Micro-Simulation Model of Health Manpower Demand and Supply," in U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Proceedings and Report of Conference on a Health Manpower Simulation Model, December 1970, ps. 182-185.

2. "A Microanalysis of Physicians' Hours of Work Decisions," in M. Perlman, ed., Economics of Health and Medical Care, London: MacMillan, 1974, ps. 302-325. Presented at the International Economics Association Conference on Health Care in Developed Countries, Tokyo, Japan, April 1973.

3. "Effects of Incentives on Physician Performance," in J. Rafferty, ed., Health Manpower and Productivity. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1974, ps. 53-84.

4. "Physician Fee Inflation: Evidence from the Late 1960s," in R. Rosett, ed., The Role of Health Insurance in the Health Services Sector, New York: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1976, ps. 321-354. Presented at a National Bureau of Economic Research Conference on the Role of Health Insurance in the Health Services Sector.

5. "Monopolistic Elements in the Market for Physicians' Services," in W. Greenberg, ed., Competition in the Health Care Sector: Past, Present, and Future, Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission, March 1978, ps. 57-131 and by Germantown, MD: Aspen Systems, 1978, ps. 45-102 (with R. Feldman). Prepared for presentation at a conference on "Competition in the Health Care Sector: Past, Present, and Future," Washington, DC: June 1-2, 1977.

6. "Toward Measures of Equity in the Delivery of Health Care Services," in W.R. Rogers and D. Barnard, eds., Nourishing the Humanistic in Medicine: Interactions with the Social Sciences. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1979, ps. 187-216. Prepared for the Dialogue Group on Humanistic Social Science and Medical Education, Society for Health and Human Values.

7. "Determinants of Professional Nurses' Wages," in R. Scheffler, ed., Research in Health Economics, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1979, ps. 217-254 (with R. Elnicki).

8. "Is the Market for Physicians' Services Monopolistic or Competitive?" in J.C. Gaffney and G.L. Glandon, eds., Profile of Medical Practice, 1979, Chicago: American Medical Association, 1979, ps. 67-80.

9. "Discussion," in U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, The Target Income Hypothesis, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 80-271, January 1980, ps. 93-95.

10. "Patient Care Reimbursement: Implications for Medical Education and Physician Distribution," in J. Hadley, ed., Medical Education Financing: Policy Analysis and Options for the 1980s, New York: PRODIST, 1980, ps. 57-93.

11. "Physicians and Blue Shield: A Study of Effects of Physician Control on Blue Shield Reimbursements," in N.T. Greenspan, ed., Issues in Physician Reimbursement, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, HCFA Pub. No. 03121, August 1981, ps. 79-94.

12. "Regulatory Approaches to Hospital Cost Containment: A Synthesis of the Empirical Evidence," in Mancur Olson, ed., A New Approach to the Economics of Health Care, Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute, 1981, ps. 274-308 (with B. Steinwald). Presented at the American Enterprise Institute Conference on "Health Care--Professional Ethics, Government Regulation, or Markets?" Washington, DC, September 25-26, 1980.

13. "Issuing Medicaid Vouchers," in Robert J. Blendon and Thomas W. Moloney, eds., New Approaches to the Medicaid Crisis: Proceedings of the 1981 Commonwealth Fund Forum, New York: Frost and Sullivan, Inc., 1983, ps. 159-175. Presented at the 1981 Commonwealth Fund Forum, "Medical Care of the Poor: What Can States Do in the 1980s?" Philadelphia, PA, August 9-12, 1981.

14. "Physicians and Hospitals: Implications of an Expanding Physician Supply," presented at Conservation of Human Resources Conference "Expanding Physician Supply," Columbia University, New York, June 19, 1982, in Eli Ginzberg and M. Ostow, eds., The Coming Physician Surplus: In Search of a Public Policy, Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Allanheld, 1984, ps. 99-115.

15. "Changing Reimbursement Patterns: Lessons for the Future," in Warren Greenberg and Richard McK. F. Southby, eds., Health Care Institutions in Flux: Changing Reimbursement Patterns in the 1980s, Arlington, VA: Information Resources Press, 1984, ps. 155-170. Presented as "The Academic View," presented at George Washington University Conference, "Health Care Institutions in Flux: Changing Reimbursement Patterns in the 1980's," September 23, 1983.

16. "Hospital Capital and Operating Costs," in R.M. Scheffler and L.F. Rossiter, eds., Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research, Greenwich, CN: JAI Press, 1984, 5:213-236 (with J.D. Bentkover, F.G. Feeley, C. Campbell, and L. Firth).

17. "Identifying the Issues: A Statistical Profile," in F. Sloan, J. Blumstein, J. Perrin, eds., Uncompensated Hospital Care: Rights and Responsibilities, Johns Hopkins Press, January 1986. Paper presented at Health Policy Symposium with same title as book, Nashville, TN, April 15, 1984 and at Allied Social Science Meetings, Dallas, TX, December 28, 1984.

18. "Competition Strategy: An American View," in Walter Hamm and Guenter Neubauer, eds., Wettbewerb im Gesundheitswesen, Gerlinger, W. Ger.: Bleicher Verlag, 1985, ps. 308-204.

19. "Capital Markets and the Growth of MultiHospital Systems," in L. Rossiter and R. Scheffler, eds., Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1987 7:83-109 (with M.A. Morrisey and J. Valvona). Paper presented "Mergers in Healthcare: The Performance of Multi-Institutional Organizations" conference held by Project HOPE in Millwood, VA, April 10-11, 1986.

20. "Containing Health Expenditures: Lessons Learned from Certificate-of-Need Programs," in F.A. Sloan, J.F. Blumstein, J.M. Perrin, eds., Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for Health Planning in a Competitive Environment, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers, 1988, ps. 44-70. Paper presented at Health Policy Symposium, "The Role of Health Planning in a Competitive Environment, Nashville, TN, May 14-16, 1986.

21. "Finding Solutions to Problems of Access, Quality Assurance, and Cost Containment," in F.A. Sloan, J.F. Blumstein, J.M. Perrin, eds., Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for Health Planning in a Competitive Environment, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers, 1988, ps. 1-20 (with J.F. Blumstein and J.M. Perrin).

22. "Conclusion: Meeting the Health Care Challenges of the 1990s," in F.A. Sloan, J.F. Blumstein, J.M. Perrin, eds., Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for Health Planning in a Competitive Environment, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers, 1988, ps. 235-248 (with M. Shayne).

23. "Property Rights in the Hospital Industry," in H.E. Frech, III, ed., Health Care in America: The Political Economy of Hospitals and Health Insurance, San Francisco: Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy, September 1988, ps. 103-141.

24. "Erfahrungen mit dem diagnosespezifischen Entgelt von Krankenhausleistungen in den USA: Das DRG-Experiment," in G. Neubauer and G. Sieben, eds., Alternative Entgeltverfahren in der Krankenhausversorgung, Gerlinger, Ger.: Bleicher Verlag, 1991, ps. 177-205.

25. "Does the Market Choose the Current Incentives to Get to the Desired Outcomes? Market Failure Reexamined," in R. Arnold, R. Rich, and W. White, eds., Competitive Approaches to Health Care Reform, Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press, 1993, ps. 259-279.

26. "Introduction," in Frank A. Sloan, ed., Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

27. "The Use of Cost-Effectiveness/Cost-Benefit Analysis in Actual Decision Making: Current Status and Prospects," in Frank A. Sloan, ed., Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995 (with C.J. Conover).

28. "Effects of Strategic Behavior and Public Subsidies on Families' Savings and Long-Term Care Decisions," in R. Eisen and F. Sloan, eds., Long-Term Care: Economics Issues and Policy Solutions. Boston/Dordrecht/ London. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996, ps. 45-78 (with T. Hoerger and G. Picone).

29. "Automobile Accidents, Insurance, and Tort Liability," forthcoming, in Peter Newman, editor, The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and the Law.

Rand Corporation Reports

1. Planning Public Expenditures on Mental Health Service Delivery, New York, NY: Rand Institute, RM-6339-NYC, February 1971.

2. Survival of Progeny in Developing Countries: An Analysis of Evidence from Costa Rica, Mexico, East Pakistan, and Puerto Rico, Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-773-AID, July 1971.

3. The Impact of Grants-In-Aid on State Income Maintenance Decisions, Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-894-FF, February 1972. Presented at Winter Meeting of the Econometric Society, New Orleans, December 1971.

4. Policy Simulations on a Model of State Income Maintenance Decisions, Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-1153-FF, February 1973 (with D.P. Schneider).

5. Supply Responses of Young Physicians: An Analysis of Physicians in Residency Programs, Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-1131-OEO, March 1973.

Other

1. Income and Other Factors Affecting Physician Location Decisions: An Econometric Analysis. Final report, subcontract from New York University as part of its prime contract, HEW-OS-69-94, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, November 1970 (with D. Yett).

2. "Technological and Organizational Change in the Health Services Industry." Report to the President's Committee on Automation Opportunities and Change in the Service Area, March 1972.

3. "Price and Nonprice Rationing of Physicians' Services," presented at the American Public Health Association Meeting in San Francisco, CA, November 1973 (with J.E. Cleckner and J.B. Wayne).

4. "The Perspective of Ambulatory Service Facilities," in Florida Council of 100 and Blue Cross of Florida, The Optimum Utilization of Health Care Facilities, ps. 37-49. Seminar presented in Orlando, Florida, October 1-2, 1975.

5. "Analysis of Physician Price and Output Decisions," U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Center for Health Services Research, August 1977 (with B. Steinwald).

6. "Health Manpower: Supply and Distribution," in Southern Regional Education Board, Higher Education Perspectives '78: Proceedings of 27th SREB Legislative Work Conference, August 20-22, 1978. Atlanta: SREB, ps. 17-21.

7. An Analysis of Determinants of Health Care Utilization. Part II. Final Report on Contract No. HRA 232-78-0138, Silver Spring, MD: Applied Management Sciences, July 31, 1980 (with S. Guterman and S. Wisniewski).

8. Analysis of Survey Data on Physician Practice Costs and Incomes. Final Report on Contract No. HCFA 500-78-0018, U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, Health Policy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, April 1981 (with B. Steinwald and others).

9. Analysis of Health Care Options in Tennessee: Uncompensated Care. Final Report on Contract No. FA0649 with Tennessee Department of Health and Environment, Health Policy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, January 1, 1985 (with J. Valvona and G. Hickson).

10. Covering the Uninsured: How Much Would It Cost?, Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, December 1986.

11. Geographic Variations in Health Care Expenditures. Final Report on Grant No. 85ASPE102A, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, United States Department of Health and Human Services, August 1987 (with J. Valvona).

12. "Medical Malpractice: Crises, Response, and Effects," January 1989 (with R. Bovbjerg), Washington, DC: Health Insurance Association of America.

Submitted for Publication

1. "Negligence Rules, Compensation, and Incentives for Accident Avoidance" (with C. Schenzler).

2. "Health and Functional Status of the Elderly in Continuing Care Retirement Communities v. Other Settings" (with M. Shayne and K. Whetten-Goldstein).

3. "Upstream Intergenerational Transfers" (with H.H. Zhang).

4. "Continuing Care Retirement Communities: Do They Have a Role in Long-Term Care Policy?" (with C. Conover, K. Whetten-Goldstein, and C. Taylor).

5. "Does Medicaid Insurance Reduce Elderly Savings Through Moral Hazard?" (with K. Whetten-Goldstein and Ed Norton).

6. "A Comprehensive Assessment of Cost and Compensation of a Chronic Neurological Disease: The Case of of Multiple Sclerosis", (with Whetten-Goldstein, E. Kulas, L. Goldstein).

7. "Alternative Approaches to Valuing Intangible Health Losses: The Evidence for Multiple Sclerosis" (with K. Viscusi, H. Chesson, C. J. Conover, and K. Whetten-Goldstein).

8. "Does Certificate of Need Constrain Long-Term Care Spending?" (with C. J. Conover).

9. "Effects of State Reforms on Health Insurance Coverage of Adults" (with C. J. Conover).

10. "Effects of No-Fault on Medical Malpractice Claiming", (with K. Whetten-Goldstein, S. Entman, and G. Hickson).

PRESENTATIONS AT MEETINGS (partial list)

• "Toward an Assessment of the Benefits of Medical Education," Annual Meeting of the American Association of Medical Colleges, Houston, TX, November 1968.

• "Results of a Study of the Demand for Medical Education," Annual Meeting of Health Economics Research Organization, Chicago, IL, December 1968.

• "Consumer Evaluation of Mental Health Services," Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, May 1971.

• "Supply Aspects of National Health Policy," Duke University, Durham, NC, April 1972.

• "Physician Behavior," Conference on Research Directions in Health Economics, sponsored by the National Center for Health Services Research and Development, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, New Orleans, LA, December 1972.

• "Research in Health Economics," U.S.-U.S.S.R. Medical Research Exchange Program, Moscow and Leningrad, U.S.S.R., February 15-March 3, 1974.

• "Policies to Attract Nurses to 'Underserved Areas'," Bureau of Health Manpower, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, DC, September 1974, and the National League for Nursing Convention, May 1975.

• "Inflation and Work-Leisure Choices of Health Manpower," Conference on "Effects of Inflation and Anti-Inflation Policies on the Health Services Sector," Silver Spring, MD, September 1974.

• "Methods to Assess the Impacts of Allergic and Infectious Diseases," Conference on "Health and the Quality of Life," University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, December 6-7 and 13-14, 1974. Revised version appears above as a publication.

• "Results from a National Survey of 2,000 Physicians: Medicaid Participation, Physician Bad Debt, and Direct Third Party Payment," Conference on Research Results from Physician Reimbursement Studies, U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, Washington, DC, February 1978.

• Discussant, Conference on "Target Income Hypothesis and Related Issues in Dental Practice Pricing Behavior Workshop," sponsored by Division of Dentistry, HRA, Bethesda, MD, June 1978.

• "Empirical Analysis with Health Interview Survey Data," HIS Users' Conference, Bethesda, MD, May 1979.

• Discussant and Summary Statement at Conference on "Modeling Techniques and Applications in Dentistry," Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, July 16, 1979.

• U.S. Representative and Chairperson, "Country Statement for Workshop on Health Economics Research: United States," The Hague, Netherlands, September 24-27, 1979.

• "Planning, Regulation, and U.S. Hospital Costs," Ministry of Health and Environmental Protection, The Netherlands, September 27, 1979.

• "Physician Manpower Issues--Health Economists' Views," Oakland University, Rochester, MI, October 16, 1979 (with U. Reinhardt).

• Taught at "Third Economics Institute for Health Care Officials," sponsored by Law and Economics Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, November 15-16, 1979.

• "Conference on Incentives for Improving Productivity in Health Care," sponsored by University of Massachusetts, Clearwater, FL, January 30-February 1, 1980.

• "Effects of Physician Control on Blue Shield Reimbursements," U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, Washington, DC, February 27, 1980.

• Taught at "Fourth Economics Institute for Health Care Officials," sponsored by Law and Economics Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, November 13-14, 1980.

• Discussant, Norfleet Forum for the Advancement of Health, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, December 2, 1980.

• Taught at "Fifth Economics Institute for Health Care Officials," sponsored by Law and Economics Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, November 9-10, 1981.

• Participant, Competition Seminar, Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, May 28, 1981.

• Participant, Health Policy Advisory Panel, Tennessee Statewide Health Coordinating Council, Nashville, TN, October 21, 1981.

• Participant, Panel on Vouchers for Medicare, National Health Policy Forum, George Washington University, Washington, DC, November 12, 1981.

• Participant, Seventh Annual Leadership Conference on Health Policy, "Rethinking Medicare to Meet Future Needs," The Government Research Corporation, Washington, DC, June 17-18, 1982.

• Keynote Speaker, National Committee for Quality Health Care, First Annual Membership Meeting, Washington, DC, June 28, 1982.

• Speaker, Board of Councilors, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, "Rising Cost of Health Care," Anaheim, CA, March 10, 1983.

• Testimony before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, "Approaches for Reducing Health Care Cost Inflation," Washington, DC, May 25, 1983.

• Participant, American Productivity Center, Houston, TX, "Teleconference on Health Care." Conference to prepare for White House Conference on Productivity to be held September 1983, April-July 31, 1983.

• Testimony before Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate, "Hospital Rate Setting: Past Experience and Alternatives for the Future," Washington, DC, October 26, 1983.

• Invited Address, "Physician Reimbursement: Diagnosis and Prescription," American Public Health Association Meeting, Dallas, TX, November 14, 1983.

• "Certificate of Need for Home Health Care," Second Annual Legislative and Regulatory Conference, National Association for Home Health Care, Washington, DC, March 26, 1984.

• "Capital Payment Options for Medicare," Southeast Regional Health Policy Forum, National Committee for Quality Health Care, Atlanta, GA, April 25, 1984.

• "Physician Reimbursement Issues," Annual Meeting, American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, Las Vegas, NV, January 26, 1985.

• "Alternative Medicare Pricing Mechanisms for Physicians' Services," Conference of "The Evidence on Medicare Physician Payment Alternatives," Washington, DC, January 16, 1985.

• Participant, U.S. House Ways and Means Committee Seminar on Medicare, Ponte Vedra, FL, March 21-24, 1985.

• "Uncompensated Care: Issues, Options, and Policy Alternatives," C.W. Phillips Lecture in Medical Economics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, April 9, 1985.

• "Uncompensated Care - Issues and Options," Annual Meeting of Virginia Hospital Association, Williamsburg, VA, October 24, 1985.

• Participant, "National Debate on Health Care," Dallas, TX, April 21, 1986.

• "Market Strategies for Financing Health Care: Neoconservative Revolution or Political Shell Game," 1987 Association of American Law Schools Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, January 3-6, 1987.

• "Health Policy Issues," Association of Junior Leagues Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, May 3, 1987.

• Moderator, Secretary's National Conference on Retiree Health Benefits: A Challenge for the Future, Washington, DC, June 25, 1987.

• Testimony before the Washington State Rate-Setting Commission, Seattle, WA, September 10, 1987.

• "The American Experience with Case-Based Payment for Hospital Care: The DRG Experiment," Nineteenth Colloquium on Health Economics, Robert Bosch Foundation, Alternative Payment Methods for Hospital Care," Federal Republic of Germany, November 26-27, 1987.

• "Does Competition Work?" "Policy Issues in American Health Care," Centre for Policy Studies, London, England, June 21, 1988.

• "The Effects of Tort Reforms on the Value of Closed Medical Malpractice Claims," American Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, October 1989.

• Invited Speaker, National Marrow Donor Program, Board of Directors Meeting, Washington, DC, November 16, 1989.

• "Experience Rating: Does It Make Sense for Medical Malpractice Insurance?" American Economic Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, December 1989.

• "Organ Transplant Policy," Midwest Utilization Review Conference, Blue Cross/Blue Shield Association, 1990 Annual Conference, Nashville, TN, May 9, 1990.

• "Physicians and Physicians' Services," Chairperson, Association for Health Services Research and the Foundation for Health Services Research, Seventh Annual Meeting, Arlington, VA, June 18, 1990.

• "Contributions of Economic Analysis to Understanding Physician Behavior," The Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, May 21, 1991.

• "Contributions of Economic Analysis to Understanding Hospital Behavior," Department of Economics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, May 23, 1991.

• "Winners and Losers: Resolution of Medical Malpractice Disputes," Association for Health Services Research and the Foundation for Health Services Research, Eighth Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, July 1, 1991.

• Discussant, "Workshop on the Economics of Health Care," National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., Summer Institute 1991, Washington, DC, July 26, 1991.

• "Does the Market Choose the Correct Incentives to Get to the Desired Outcomes? Market Failure Reexamined?" Symposium on Competitive Health Policy Reforms: An Appraisal and Prognostication, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, November 14, 1991.

• "Hospital Drug Formularies and Spending on Hospital Care," Southern Economic Association Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, November 24, 1991.

• Chairperson, "Selected Topics in Health Economics," Southern Economic Association Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, November 25, 1991.

• "Effects of Medicaid Subsidies on Families' Savings and Decisions About Long-Term Care," Third Annual Health Economics Workshop, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, May 29, 1992.

• "Effects of Public Subsidies and Strategic Behavior on Families' Savings and Long-Term Care Decisions," National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., Summer Institute, Workshop on Health Care, Cambridge, MA, July 27-31, 1992.

• "Universal Health Care: `The Big Picture'," Tennessee Chapter of the American College of Physicians/Tennessee Society of Internal Medicine, Scientific Meeting, Gatlinburg, TN, October 22-24, 1992.

SEMINARS

University of Chicago, Harvard University (3), National Bureau of Economic Research (2), State University of New York at Stony Brook, Johns Hopkins University, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, University of Minnesota, University of Kentucky, Boston University, Duke University (2), Oberlin College, University of Southern California, UCLA, University of North Carolina, Syracuse University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Northwestern University.

JOURNAL REFEREE

International Economic Review, American Economic Review, Journal of Economic Literature, Review of Economics and Statistics, (Rand) Bell Journal of Economics, Journal of Political Economy, Southern Economic Journal, Economic Inquiry, Decision Sciences, Operations Research, Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, Journal of Human Resources, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Health Economics, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, Public Finance Quarterly, Social Science and Medicine, Health Services Research, Inquiry, Health Care Financing Review, Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly.

EDITORIAL BOARDS

Journal of Health Economics, July 1981 to July 1989.
Inquiry, Summer 1982 to May 1986.
Journal of American Health Policy, January 1991 to present.