@techreport{NBERw11446,
 title = "Health Insurance Reform and HMO Penetration in the Small Group Market",
 author = "Thomas C. Buchmueller",
 institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research",
 type = "Working Paper",
 series = "Working Paper Series",
 number = "11446",
 year = "2005",
 month = "June",
 URL = "http://www.nber.org/papers/w11446",
 abstract = {We use data from several national employer surveys conducted between the late 1980s and the mid-1990s to investigate the effect of state-level underwriting reforms on HMO penetration in the small-group health insurance market.  We identify reform effects by exploiting cross-state variation in the timing and content of reform legislation and by using mid-sized and large employers, which were not affected by the legislation, as within-state control groups.  While it is difficult to disentangle the effect of state reforms from other factors affecting HMO penetration in the small group markets, the results suggest a positive relationship between insurance market regulations and HMO penetration.},
}