DATA FOR
"THE LABOUR MARKET CONSEQUENCES OF THE CANADA-U.S. FREE TRADE AGREEMENT"
Canadian Journal of Economics, XXX(1), February 1997, pages 18-41.
by Noel Gaston and Daniel Trefler
July 30, 1997
The data are copyright. Users are requested to cite the above paper.
Address correspondence to trefler@chass.utoronto.ca or
Professor Daniel Trefler
Institute for Policy Analysis
University of Toronto
150 St. George Street, Suite 707
Toronto, Ontario
Canada M5S 3G6
The following file explains the format of the ascii
data file 'fta-pub.asc'. The file was written to ascii using the
following SAS program. For those not familiar with SAS, a quick
glance at the program should reveal how to read the data with almost
any software. Series means are reported so that users can check
that they have read in the data properly.
********************* SAS PROGRAM *****************************
* Step 1. create fta-pub.asc;
filename out 'fta-pub.asc';
data can_upd2;
set data.can_upd2;
file out;
put name $1-8 ' ' sic2 $10-11 ' ' year
wc wa lc la mc ma rc ra ta t1 t2 e domc oc yc ya
r ctc cta lwc llc lla le clwc cllc clla cle xdom xm xx xs;
run;
*Step 2. read fta-pub.asc using SAS;
data one;
length name $8;
infile out;
*The next line is key. A '$' indicates character format.;
input name $1-8 sic2 year
wc wa lc la mc ma rc ra ta t1 t2 e domc oc yc ya
r ctc cta lwc llc lla le clwc cllc clla cle xdom xm xx xs;
run;
****************END OF SAS PROGRAM ****************************
---- DEFINITION OF VARIABLES, NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS, AND MEANS------
YEAR Year 278 1987.07
WC average weekly earnings, $CA 1986 278 545.6982658
WA Real earnings (/CPI), us, 1987$ 278 370.7753201
LC total number of employees, CA, 1000s 278 86586.80
LA US employment, 1000s 278 910598.20
MC Canadian imports from US, $CA thou. 1986 278 3315199.67
MA Canadian exports US, $CA thou. 1986 278 3907231.22
RC canada, 91-day t-bill rate 278 10.2202940
RA us, T-bill 3 month 278 7.3664353
TA US tariffs from DT 278 3.2455036
T1 Canadian tariffs, %, 1979-87 147 7.4369048
T2 Canadian tariffs, %, 1987-91 152 4.0131579
E US dollar noon spot in CDN dollars 278 1.2504659
DOMC oc+mc-ma=candian domestic consumption 278 4121622.65
OC gdp value of shipments), $CA thou. 1986 278 4713654.20
YC canada, agg gpd, 1000s, 1986$ 278 513928586
YA Real GDP 1000s of 1987$ 278 4492088489
The following variables are defined below.
R 278 2.8538587
CTC 278 -0.4801259
CTA 278 -0.2975971
LWC 278 6.2702356
LLC 278 11.0672803
LLA 278 13.3110676
LE 278 0.2218335
CLWC 278 0.0028941
CLLC 278 -0.0218752
CLLA 278 -0.0170815
CLE 278 0.0075946
XDOM 278 -0.0213959
XM 278 0.0221810
XX 278 0.0429632
XS 278 0.0054277
* Let's use the following variable label convention:
c means percentage point change,
cl means log change;
r = rc - ra; * Define the interest rate spread as r;
cta = dif(ta); * First diff US tariffs against Canada;
* Splice together the 2 different Cdn tariff series;
ct1 = dif(t1);
ct2 = dif(t2);
if year < 1988 then do; ctc = ct1; end;
if year >= 1988 then do; ctc = ct2; end;
* Do Log differences: Step 1 is define the logs,
Step 2 is difference the logs;
lwc = log(wc);
llc = log(lc);
lla = log(la);
le = log(e) ;
clwc = dif(lwc);
cllc = dif(llc);
clla = dif(lla);
cle = dif(le) ;
* Freeman and Katz weightings;
* First, calculate (DOM/S)dlnDOM = (dDOM)/S = XDOM;
XDOM = dif(domc)/oc;
* Second, calculate (M/S)dlnM = XM;
LNM = LOG(mc);
LNMCH = dif(LNM);
XM = (mc*LNMCH)/oc;
* Third, calculate (X/S)dlnX = XX;
LNX = LOG(ma);
LNXCH = dif(LNX);
XX = (ma*LNXCH)/oc;
* Calculate ds = XS;
LNS = LOG(oc);
XS = dif(LNS);
****** A SAMPLE SAS PROGRAM FOR RUNNING SOME OF THE ***********
****** REGRESSIONS PRESENTED IN THE PAPER ***********
*data one is a SAS file created from fta-pub.asc;
proc sort data=one; by sic2 year; run;
data two; set one;
if year < 1981 then delete;
* 8 High Tariff industries;
If SIC2 = 38 or SIC2 = 34 or SIC2 = 30 or SIC2 = 22 or SIC2 = 31
or SIC2 = 25 or SIC2 = 21 or SIC2 = 23 then HIGHT = 1;
Else HIGHT = 0;
* 8 High Import industries;
If SIC2 = 33 or SIC2 = 32 or SIC2 = 31 or SIC2 = 36 or SIC2 = 30
or SIC2 = 38 or SIC2 = 37 or SIC2 = 35 then HIGHM = 1;
Else HIGHM = 0;
* 8 High Export industries;
If SIC2 = 25 or SIC2 = 38 or SIC2 = 26 or SIC2 = 33 or SIC2 = 29
or SIC2 = 24 or SIC2 = 37 or SIC2 = 35 then HIGHX = 1;
Else HIGHX = 0;
* 8 High Union industries;
If SIC2 = 10 or SIC2 = 21 or SIC2 = 35 or SIC2 = 33 or SIC2 = 20
or SIC2 = 32 or SIC2 = 14 or SIC2 = 26 then HIGHU = 1;
Else HIGHU = 0;
run;
proc means;
var cllc clwc ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla;
run;
* --------------- All industries ----------------------- ;
PROC REG;
HIT: MODEL cllc clwc = ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla / stb;
* --------------- High tariff industries ----------------------- ;
proc sort; by HIGHT;
PROC REG;
HIT: MODEL cllc clwc = ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla / stb;
by HIGHT;
* --------------- High import industries ----------------------- ;
proc sort; by HIGHM;
PROC REG;
HIM: MODEL cllc clwc = ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla /stb;
by HIGHM;
* --------------- High export industries ----------------------- ;
proc sort; by HIGHX;
PROC REG;
HIX: MODEL cllc clwc = ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla / stb;
by HIGHX;
* --------------- High union industries ----------------------- ;
proc sort; by HIGHU;
PROC REG;
HIU: MODEL cllc clwc = ctc cta XDOM XM XX r cle clla / stb;
by HIGHU;